teks 3.5a observe and identify simple systems such as a wooden toy car or other simple machines
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TEKS 3.5A Observe and identify simple systems such as a wooden toy car or other simple machines. Investigate Simple Machines. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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TEKS 3.5AObserve and identify simple systems such as a wooden toy car or other
simple machines.
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Investigate Simple Machines
• Spend some time reviewing what you have learned about simple and compound machines. Think about how each type of machine is a simple system and how these machines make work easier.
– http://www.edheads.org/activities/simple-machines/index.htm
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PulleyGearWheel and AxleInclined plane
WedgeLeverScrew
What Do You Remember About Simple Machines?
Draw and label the following simple machines:
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Pictured below are four examples of simple machines. Select the one that can be used to lift weight.
A. Inclined plane B. lever
C. gear
D. screw
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Correct Answer Choice: B
Levers • Levers are a straight rod or board that
pivots on a point known as a fulcrum. The fulcrum which can be located in the center, near the end, or at the end of this simple machine.
• The fulcrum can be moved depending on the weight of the object to be lifted or the force you wish to exert.
• Pushing down on one end of a lever results
in the upward motion of the opposite end of the fulcrum.
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Examples of Levers
hammer seesaw
door on hinges bottle opener
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Incorrect Answer Choices
A. Incline plane • An incline plane is a sloping surface, such
as a ramp. • An inclined plane can be used to alter the
effort and distance involved in doing work, such as lifting loads.
• The trade-off is that an object must be moved a longer distance than if it was lifted straight up, but less force is needed.
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Examples of an Incline Plane Include:
staircase
ramp
bottom of a bath tub
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C. Gears
• Two toothed wheels fit together either directly or through a chain or belt so one wheel will turn the other.
• Some gears may have a screw or a toothed shaft in place of one of the wheels.
• A gear may also be a combination of toothed wheels that produces a certain speed (such as a bicycle's top gear which makes the bike go fast, and the low gear for slow speed.)
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Examples of Objects that Have Gears
clocks automobile motor
mixers
bicycles
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D. Screws
• An inclined plane wrapped around a shaft or cylinder.
• This inclined plane allows the screw to move itself or to move an object or material surrounding it when rotated.
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Examples of Objects that Are Kinds of Screws
pencil sharpeners
jars and lids
Handles for water faucet
Light bulbs
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Which of the following simple machines can be used to split things apart?
A. Wheel and Axle
B. Pulley
C. Wedge
D. Lever
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Correct Answer Choice: C
Wedge
• Wedges are two inclined planes joined back to back.
• Wedges are used to split things.Examples: Axe, Zipper, Knife
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Examples of Wedges
axes
knives
zippers
paper airplanes
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Incorrect Answer ChoicesA. Wheel and Axles
• A wheel and axle has a larger wheel (or wheels) connected by a smaller cylinder (axle) and is fastened to the wheel so that they turn together.
• When the axle is turned, the wheel moves a greater distance than the axle, but less force is needed to move it. The axle moves a shorter distance, but it takes greater force to move it.
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Examples of Wheels and Axles
doorknob wagon
toys with wheels
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B.Pulley
• A pulley is a wheel that usually has a groove around the outside edge. This groove is for a rope or belt to move around the pulley.
• Pulling down on the rope can lift an object attached to the rope. Work is made easier because pulling down on the rope is made easier due to gravity.
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Examples of Pulleys
flagpoles
cranes
blinds
ski lifts and cable cars
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D.Lever
• A lever is straight rod or board that pivots on a point known as a fulcrum. The fulcrum can be moved depending on the weight of the object to be lifted or the force you wish to exert.
• Pushing down on one end of a lever results in the upward motion of the opposite end of the fulcrum.
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balance scales
scissors
nutcrackers
Examples of Levers