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TELEDYNE Paradise DatacomA Teledyne Technologies Company

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Satellite Communication RF Products

• Low Noise Amplifiers• Frequency Converters• Solid State Power Amplifiers

Stephen D. Turner, PE., Senior Engineering DirectorParadise Datacom LLC, State College, Pennsylvania, USA


C , X, Ku , Ka Band LNAs

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X Band LNA

Ka Band LNA

• Noise Temperature optimized in SatCom Sub-Bands:• 3.7 – 4.2 GHz• 3.4 – 4.2 GHz• 4.5 – 4.8 GHz• 7.25-7.75 GHz • 10.70 – 11.70 GHz• 10.70 – 12.75 GHz• 11.70 – 12.20 GHz• 18.2 – 20.2 GHz• 20.0 – 21.0 GHz

• +12 to +28 VDC input• Optional Transmit Reject Filters• Form C Summary Alarm


Redundant LNA Systems

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Can be configured in 1:1 or 1:2 redundant configurations

Configured with C, X, Ku, and Ka band LNAs

Monitor and Control provided by the RCP2-1100 / RCP2-1200 Redundant Controller.

Switch Control Cable can be supplied to interface controller to LNA plate assembly. 1:2 C Band LNA System with

Redundant Controller


Redundant LNB Redundant Systems

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C Band 1:1 LNB System 1:2 Ku Band LNB Plate Assembly

Standard 1:1 and 1:2 configurations similar to LNA redundant systems Used with RCP2-1100 or RCP2-1200 indoor redundant controllers RCP2 Controller supports “Band Switched” LNBs External reference and Internal referenced LNBs supported LNBs are modified to provide a DC Current alarm for fault detection and

automatic switching.


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Ka Band LNA / LNB Systems

1:1 Ka Band LNB System 1:2 Ka Band LNB System with Filter Option


Redundant System Controllers

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RCP2-11001:1 Controller

RCP2-12001:2 Controller

• 1 RU high standard controller chassis• Front panel mimic display of switch position• RS232/485 and Ethernet I/O capability

• Full functional Ethernet Port – UDP, SNMP v1.0, & internal web browser• Up to 1000 meters switch cable drive capacity• Audible alarms• Full compliment of discrete I/O including external alarm inputs• New: Support for Band Switched LNBs & “dumb” BUC Redundant

Systems


vBUC, VSAT L-Band Block Up Converters

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12 W Psat Ka Band now available

Output Power levels:

C-Band: 5.850-6.425 GHz ( 25W,50W, & 80W) X-Band: 7.90-8.40 GHz (10W, 25W, & 35W, & 80W)Ku Band: 14.00-14.50 GHz (10W, 16W, 25W, & 40W)Ka Band: 30-31 GHz (12W)


vBUC Feature Set

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Built-in 1:1 Redundancy ControlHigh Stability Internal Reference Option

Auto detection and switchover to externally applied reference.Automatically phase lock to 5,10,20,25, and 50 MHz external reference.

Wide range for input reference power : -10 to +5 dBm20 dB Gain Adjustment

Legacy FSK and RS485 Monitor and ControlStandard Paradise Datacom Monitor and Control

Ethernet based Monitor and Control includingUDP, SNMP v1.0, and internal web browser

24, 48 VDC operation or optional add-on AC/DC Power Supply


vBUC AC Power Supply

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85-265 VAC Input48VDC Output @ 500W maximum

AC Power Supply mounted to vBUC

AC Power Supply can be mounted to vBUC or remotely mounted


Fiber Optic Support

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Fiber Optic Transceiver Support now available on all outdoor SSPAs: Compact Outdoor, Compact Outdoor Jr., and vBUC.


Rack Mount Converters

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70 MHz to L-Band Synthesized Up/Down Converters

L-Band to C,X, and Ku Band Block Up/Down Converters

Configure with redundant block up converters for usewith phase combined HPA systems.


GaN SSPA Products

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• Indoor, Rack Mount, SSPA Family• Outdoor SSPA Product Family• SSPA Monitor and Control• SSPA Systems

• Redundant, Phase Combined


Why GaN ?

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Higher electric breakdown fields which lead to higher voltage and higher power density operation.

Higher saturated electron velocity leading to higher drain currents and higher impedance.

Wider band gap energy leading to higher MTBFs.

Higher thermal conductivity leads to higher reliability and higher temperature operation.

All of the above advantages lead to higher efficiency and wider bandwidth operation as compared to GaAs MESFETs.


GaN vs. GaAs Technology

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• Microwave GaAs devices are realized with a MESFET structure. This makes it possible to control the channel doping and linearity. The GaAs MESFET has a hard limiting characteristic and produces good linear power.

• Microwave GaN devices are realized as HEMTs which have more limitations on channel doping. The GaN HEMT has a much softer compression characteristic and therefore the linear power characteristic is not as good as the GaAs MESFET.

• Various Linearization techniques are used with GaN HEMTs to improve the overall linear power performance.


CW Power Sweep Comparison

15Plots Courtesy of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

GaN HEMT

GaAsMESFET

Gai

nOutput PowerInput Power

Out

put P

ower

GaN HEMT

GaAsMESFET

Softer Compression characteristic leads to higher distortion for a given back off


SSPA Module with GaN Cascade

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Soft Compression – amplifier compresses over wide range of input power


Linearized GaN SSPA Module

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Indoor GaN SSPA Family

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4 RU high chassis

S- Band:500W, 600W, 800W, 1 kWC-Band: 300W, 400W, 650W, 800WX-Band: 300W, 400W, 650W, 800W

Ku-Band: 300W, 400WKa-Band: 100W & 200W

3 RU high chassis

S-Band: 50W, 100W, 200W, 300W, 400W, 500W &, 600WC-Band: 50W, 100W, 150W, 200W, 300W, 400W, 650W, & 800WX-Band: 50W, 100W, 150W, 200W, 300W, 400W, 650W, & 800W

Ku-Band: 40W,50W,80W,100W, 150W, 200W, 250W, 300W, 400WKa-Band: 40W & 100W


Indoor GaN SSPA Family

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5 RU high chassis

S-Band: 1.2 kW, 1.6 kW & 2 kWC-Band: 1.3 kW, & 1.6 kWX-Band: 1.3 kW, & 1.6 kWKu-Band: 600W, & 800WKa-Band: 400W & 500W

7 RU high modular chassis

C Band: 1.1 kW & 1.5 kWX Band: 1.1 kW

Ku Band: 500W & 800W


3 RU GaN SSPA Chassis

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3RU rack height

24 inchChassis depth

Smallest, highest power density, Solid State Power Amplifier chassis developed to date!

Available RF Output Power levels:

S-Band: 50W, 100W, 200W, 300W, 400W, 500W &, 600WC-Band: 50W, 100W, 150W, 200W, 300W, 400W, 650W, & 800WX-Band: 50W, 100W, 150W, 200W, 300W, 400W, 650W, & 800W

Ku-Band: 40W,50W,80W,100W, 150W, 200W, 250W, 300W, 400WKa-Band:50W & 100W

Extremely Compact


SSPA Chassis Front Panel Layout

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On/Off IndicatorOnline Indicator in Redundant System

2 Line x 40 Character Display Menu navigationbuttons and Entry selectionFault Status Indicators

Optional RF Input Sample Port -10 dBc Coupler

RF Output Sample Port-40 dBc Coupler

Plug-in Power Supply Module

Front Panel Air IntakeRemovable Fan Tray

Dedicated front panel buttons for:Main menu screen

Local / Remote selectionTX Inhibit


Modular Chassis Architecture

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Removable front panel fan tray Removable front panel power supply assembly

Removable rear panel fan tray Removable rear panel monitorand control card

All SSPA Chassis have removable fans and M&C card.


Chassis Monitor and Control

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Link Port and Switch Port for “Built-in” 1:1 Redundancy Control Parallel I/O Port for full compliment of Form C relays for alarm &

status outputs as well as opto-isolated inputs Program Port for field upgradeable flash firmware Main Serial Port for RS 232 or RS 485 serial I/O Local Serial Port for phase combined systems or remote control panel Hot Swappable Ethernet supports UDP, SNMP with Traps, and Internal Web Page

Ethernet Port


4 and 5 RU Indoor GaN SSPA Chassis

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Front panel air intakeremovable fan tray

On/Off SwitchRF Output

Sample Port

Alarm IndicatorsFront Panel Display


External Power Supply Interconnection

25Company Confidential

Quick disconnect connectorbulkhead for DC Input

No bus bars

1RU RedundantPower Supply

4RU SSPA Chassis


7RU Modular Chassis SSPA

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Chassis consists of (4) Hot-swap removable SSPA modulesPower Levels limited by SSPA Module physical size

Output Power Levels

C-Band: 1.1 kW & 1.5 kWX-Band: 1.1 kW

Ku-Band: 500W & 800WKa-Band: 400W


7RU Chassis Removable Subassemblies

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Removable Fans Removable SSPA Modules


Outdoor GaN SSPA Family

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Compact Outdoor Jr.

C-Band: 80W, 100W, 150W & 200WX-Band: 80W, 100W, 150W & 200WKu-Band: 40W,50W,80W & 100W

Ka-Band: 20W & 30W

Compact Outdoor SSPA

S-Band: 50W,100W,200W,300W,400W, & 500WC-Band: 300W & 400WX-Band: 300W & 400W

Ku-Band: 100W, 150W, 200W,& 250WKa-Band: 50W & 100W

New High Power Outdoor PackageKingpost mountable

S-Band: 500W, 600W, 800W, 1000WC-Band: 650W & 800WX-Band: 650W & 800W



Compact Outdoor Jr.

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COjr, is approximately ½ size and weight of standard Compact Outdoor package.

Output Power Levels:

C-Band: 80W, 100W, 150W & 200WX-Band: 80W, 100W, 150W & 200WKu-Band: 40W, 50W, 80W, & 100W

Ka-Band: 20W & 30W


Standard Compact Outdoor GaN SSPA

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Compact Size: 10.0in x 19.5in. X 6.50in. Very light weight: 36 lb. (16.4 kg.) Extremely Robust Outdoor Operation

• -40 C to +60 C Operating Range Universal Input Power Supply

• 90-265 VAC input range, PFC Variable Gain: 55 to 75 dB, 0.1dB steps Output Power Detector Output Power Sample Port, -40 dBc Internal 1:1 Redundant Controller Large status LED Serial or Parallel Monitor and Control (RS232 / RS485) Ethernet Interface Standard, UDP-SNMP-Web Browser Auxiliary +15VDC power port for LNB or Fiber Optic module


Standard Compact Outdoor GaN SSPA

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• High stability 10 MHz internal reference• Auto detection of external reference• Locks to a variety of reference frequencies• IFL based Monitor & Control using FSK• Excellent Phase Noise Performance• Seamless integration with Fiber Optics• Seamless integration with LNB and

L Band modem for full transceiver based applications

ZBUC L Band Block Up Converter

Power Levels:

S-Band: 50W,100W,200W,300W,400W, & 500WC-Band: 300W & 400WX-Band: 300W & 400W

Ku-Band: 100W, 150W, 200W,& 250W

L Band Input with Integrated ZBUCTM


Compact Outdoor SSPA

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• Extremely efficient forced convection thermal design with quick disconnect fan tray for maintenance of fans and heat sink assembly.

Robust design for high dust and high heat environments

Operating Temperature: -40C to +60 CAltitude: up to 10,000 feet with no de-rating

De-rate maximum operating temperature by 2 degrees/1,000 ft. beyond 10,000 feet.

Shock- 50g p-p , 11msec pulsesVibration- 3g rms 30minute, 5Hz to 2000Hz operational.


100W Ka Band GaN SSPA

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29.0 – 31.0 GHz Operation with 50W Linear Power

Available Q3- 2014


High Power Outdoor GaN SSPA

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Linear Power ½ of Saturated Power LevelsSize slightly larger than the Compact Outdoor SSPAWeight approximately 100 lbs.

S-Band: 500W, 600W, 800W, 1000WC-Band: 650W & 800WX-Band: 650W & 800W



650W X-Band Module for New Outdoor Package

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650 W, GaN X-Band Module with integral waveguide-spatial combiner


300W Ku-Band Module for New Outdoor Package

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300 W, GaN Ku-Band Module with integral waveguide-spatial combiner


400W Ku-Band Module for New Outdoor Package

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600W S-Band SSPA Module

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Monitor and Control Options

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1 RU chassis Can remotely control SSPA up to 4000 ft. (1000 m) mimics actual SSPA chassis front panel RCP2-1000-CO – Remote Control Panel for the

Compact Outdoor SSPA RCP2-1000-RM – Remote Control Panel for the

Indoor Chassis SSPA Ethernet Port

Hardware and Software Options for Monitor and Control of SSPA and BUC Products

Remote Control Panel


Hand Held Controller for Outdoor SSPAs

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Will work with all GaN Compact Outdoors, VBUC, Compact Jr., and High Power Outdoor SSPAs


Traditional 1:1 Redundant Systems

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No additional Redundancy Controller required.

1:1 System with 4 RU SSPA Chassis

1:1 Redundant System of 600W S Band High Power Outdoor SSPAs

1:1 System with Compact Outdoor SSPAs


1:1 Redundant Plates for COjr.

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1:1 System Redundant Plates with the COjr. Package

Standby Amplifier

On-line Amplifier

RF Input

RF Output

Maintenance Switch

Maintenance Output-40 dBc

Redundancy Switch


Maintenance Switch Controller

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FAULTS

SUMMARYOUTPUT

INPUT

POS 1

POS 2

MAINTENANCE SWITCH

OFFLINEOUTPUT

POWERSUPPLY

HPA Output

Test Output #2

Maintenance Switch

P = 65.9 dBmP = 63.1 dBm


Phase Combined Systems

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RF Output

Amp 1

Amp 2

RF Input RF Input

Amp 1

Amp 2

Standby

Amp 3

RF Output

1:1 Phase Combined System 1:2 Phase Combined System

Traditional 1:1 and 1:2 Phase Combined SSPA Systems with 1RU FPRC Controller


1.5 kW X-Band Phase Combined System

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Phase Combined 800W X-Band SSPAs in the High Power Outdoor Package


Modular Phase Combined Systems

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• PowerMAX architecture is the premium approach to modular SSPA Systems.

• Ultimate “Parallel” System Reliability

• Extremely High Output Power Capability


GaN PowerMAX “Innovation in Modularity”

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PowerMAX is the latest advancement in Modular SSPA Technology

•Systems can be configured in 4 module, 8 module, or 16 module systems.

•Systems configured with a variety of module power levels to custom fit your redundant power requirement.

•Systems are completely field scalable:•Start out with 4 modules. Grow system to 8 modules and/or 16 modules over time.•No need to return system to factory for upgrade.•Reduces initial equipment investment cost.

•All active components are modular and hot swappable from the front or rear panels including:

•Power Supply Modules•Fans•SSPA Modules•M&C Card

U.S. patents8,189,338 B28,411,447 B2


RF Soft-Fail Redundancy

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• Modular Amplifier Designs• Combine –n- number of modules• Scalable• Field Replaceable

• High Level of System Integration• Integrated Ethernet / Router Capability

• Pure Parallel Redundancy• No single point failures of active components


Pure Parallel System Architecture

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• System is designed to be “Purely Parallel” .

• Failure of a Chassis or M&C Card will have no impact on the system operation.

• Unlike some modular amplifiers, PowerMAX is fully redundant right down to the Monitor and Control functionality.

• The loss of a M&C card will not interrupt system remote control.

• System remote control is available as RS485 or Ethernet.


Simplicity of Operation

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• The sophisticated system monitor and control allows the system to be operated as if it were a “single” chassis amplifier.

• Single chassis-like operation is maintained with remote control as well as local (front panel) operation.

• The system output power detection is measured in “True rms” watts or dBm. power meter accuracy.

• Most HPA systems today use diode (peak) power detectors that do not accurately measure multicarrier or modulated signals.

• PowerMAX reports the true aggregate output power regardless of the number of carriers and modulation schemes.


Efficient Power Combining

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• Extremely efficient power combining is at the heart of the PowerMAX architecture.

• Advanced 3D Electromagnetic Modeling Techniques are employed to design near loss-less 4-way combiners.

• The easily assembled 4-way combiner makes it very convenient to add SSPA modules in groups of four.

• All Passive Combining & No Switching results in “hitless” operation.


1.5 kW, Ku Band PowerMAX System

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(8) 250W Ku Band GaN ModulesCombined to provide 1.5 kW saturated RF Output Power

1.1 kW Redundant (n-1 module) output power


4kW X-Band PowerMAX System

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• Parallel Array of (8) 650 W GaN SSPA Modules in 7.9-8.4 GHz

• Efficiency approaching:• 40% DC to RF• 25% AC Prime to Saturated RF


10kW S-Band GaN SSPA System

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Combine (8) 800W Modules to produce 5 kW per Cabinet

Combine two cabinets to produce 10 kW


8 Module GaN PowerMAX Systems

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Reference Specification Sheet 211198


8 Module GaN PowerMAX Systems

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PowerMAX in 1:2 Redundant Systems

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• The PowerMAX architecture can be a very economical solution to very high power 1:2 redundant systems. A single PowerMAX can be used on each polarity without the need of a third standby amplifier.

RF OUT-POL 2

RF OUT-POL 1RF IN-POL 1

RF IN-POL 2

Redundant Controller

POL 1

POL 2

Traditional 1:2 Redundant SystemPowerMAX in Dual Pole System

Lower Cost and Higher Overall System Reliability


Amplifier Linearity

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• Linearity is a complex topic but in Satcom applications, can be subdivided into three primary categories.

• Single Carrier – spectral regrowth of a single digitally modulated carrier

• Two-Tone – Third Order Intermod products of a two CW tone signal

• Multi-Carrier – Generally 3 or more carriers or noise power ratio performance


Single Carrier Spectral Regrowth

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Single Carrier Linearized GaNQPSK, OPSK = -25 dBc @ 1 dB back off from Psat16 QAM, OFDM = -25 dBc @ 2 dB back off from Psat


High Data Rate Spectral Regrowth

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100 MBPS, 8PSK Carrier at 3 dB back off from Psat in a 250W Ku Band GaN SSPA

-27 to -30 dBc Spectral Regrowth@ 1x symbol rate



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-30 dBc Spectral Regrowth@ 1x symbol rate

60 MBPS, 16QAM Carrier at 3 dB back off from Psat in a 250W Ku Band GaN SSPA



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60 MBPS, 16QAM Carrier at 3 dB back off from Psat in a 400W C Band GaN SSPA

-25 to -30 dBc Spectral Regrowth@ 1x symbol rate


Two-Tone IMD of Linearized GaN SSPA

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Multi-Carrier Linearized GaNTwo Tone IMD = -25 dBc @ 2 dB back off from Psat3-20 Tone IMD = -25 dBc @ 3-4 dB back off from Psat


Multi-Carrier Intermod Performance

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-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0

Two-ToneThree-Tone22-Tone

IMD in dBc

Back off from Psat

Multi-Carrier Linearized GaNTwo Tone IMD = -25 dBc @ 2-3 dB back off from Psat3-20 Tone IMD = -25 dBc @ 3-4 dB back off from Psat


GaN SSPA vs TWTA & GaAs SSPA Comparisons

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• GaAs SSPAs

• Traditional Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier, TWTA

• High Efficiency Depressed Collector TWTA

• Klystron Tube Amplifier


150W Ku GaN vs 125W GaAs SSPA

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125W GaAs Module in Compact Outdoor Enclosure

150W GaN Module in Compact Outdoor Enclosure

P1=50 dBm ; Plinear=(P1-3dB)=47 dBm (50W)

AC Prime Input Power = 1250W

Psat= 52.0 dBm; Plinear=(Psat-3dB) = 49 dBm (80W)


Produces about the same linear power as the 250W (GaAs) Outdoor Package


400W GaN vs. 250W GaAs SSPA

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Highest Power available in GaAs is 250W

P1=53 dBm; Plinear = P1 – 3dB= 50dBm (100W)


400W GaN Module in Compact Outdoor

Psat=56 dBm; Plinear = Psat – 3dB= 53dBm (200W)



C-Band 400W SSPA vs. 400W TWTA

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400W C-Band GaN SSPA

Output Power @ Psat: 56.5 dBmAC Prime Input Power @ Psat = 2200 W

Max PLinear output power: 53 dBm (200 W)AC Prime Input Power @ 53 dBm= 1780 WAC Prime Power @ 51.5 dBm: 1200 W

Rack Height: 5.25 inchesRack Weight: 70 lbs.

400W C-Band TWTA

Output Power @ Psat: 55.5 dBmAC Prime Input Power @ Psat = 1500 W

Max PLinear output power: 51.5 dBm (140W)AC Prime Input Power @ Plinear = 1300 W

Rack Height: 5.25 inchesRack Weight: 70 lbs.

Traditional TWTA capable of producing full saturated CW power


400W C-Band GaN SSPA Module

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(4) 120W GaN HEMTs in Final Stage


Evolution of the 400W C-Band SSPA

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• All the above SSPA chassis include the AC/DC switch mode power supply• AC Prime power reduced 40% and size and weight reduced by factor of 3

circa 1995 16 inch rack heightAC Prime @ Plinear: 3000W

(16) 30W GaAs FETs


(8) 60 W GaAs FETs


(4) 120 W GaN FETs


1.3 kW SSPA vs. High Efficiency TWTA

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• TWTAs utilizing dual depressed collector technology, while not able to produce the full saturated CW power of the tube, have been shown to produce respectable linear output power.

2 kW C-Band High Efficiency TWTA

Output Power @ Psat: 60 dBmAC Prime Input Power @ Psat: 5000 W

Max Plinear output power: 59.4 dBm (890 W)AC Prime Input Power @ Plinear = 4500 W

Rack Height: 16 inchesRack Weight: 155 lbs.

1.3 kW C-Band GaN SSPA

Output Power @ Psat: 61.3 dBmAC Prime Input Power @Psat = 5000 W

Max Plinear output power: 58.8 dBm (760 W)AC Prime Input Power @ Plinear= 4100 W



1.6 kW SSPA vs 2.5 kW C-Band Klystron

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Tube tuned over narrow operating band segments (45 MHz)

1.6 kW C-Band GaN SSPA

Output Power @ Psat: 62 dBmAC Prime Input Power @ Psat = 11000 W

Max Plinear output power: 60 dBm (1000 W)AC Prime Input Power @ Plinear= 7000 W


2.5 kW C-Band Klystron

Output Power @ Psat: 64 dBmAC Prime Input Power @ Psat: 9500 W

Max Plinear output power: 60.0 dBm (1000 W)AC Prime Input Power @ Plinear = 6600 W


SSPA covers over 500 MHz of operating bandwidth with no tuning required.


Summary

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• GaN HEMTs have enabled SSPA technology to rival the efficiency of TWTA and Klystron Vacuum Tube Amplifiers.

• The high power density of GaN produces power levels comparable to TWT and Klystron amplifiers in smaller and lighter footprints.

• The low voltage operation of SSPAs allows HPA systems to be realized in modular, redundant (soft-fail) systems.

• This allows SSPA based systems to have an extraordinary advantage in mission critical reliability and maintainability.

teledyne paradise datacom - datis-group.com · higher electric breakdown fields which lead to...

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