telugu text

8/17/2019 Telugu Text

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/telugu-text 1/200



ii

ã¨ OHõ Å#O :

_®II LO_ÕÅ =∂Å H˘O_®Ô ~_ç ¤

Ñ¨ i+¨ ¯~° Î :

"åK« ã¨ Êu, _®II Ô H. õ Ωã¨ ∞=∂Ô ~_ç ¤Co-ordinator, RGUKT

i=Óº Hõ q∞\© ã¨ Éè í ∞ºÅ∞ :

„á⁄Ã Ñ¶ ã¨ ~ü , \˜. H˜ +¨ <£ ~å=Ù, L™ê‡xÜ« ∂ Ü« ¸x=iû\˜

„á⁄ÃÑ¶ã ~ü , \. [Ü« ∞ =∞<ÀÇ¨ Ï~ü , Ñ≤.Zãπ. `≥Å∞QÆ ∞ Ü« ¸x=iû\˜

Translated by :Seshavalli Sundararamaiah,Lecturer, Dept. of English, Retd. Principal,Queen Mary's Junior College, Hyderabad.

~år"£ QÍOnè "≥ · *Ï˝ xHõ ™êOˆ HuHõ qâ◊ fiq^•ºÅÜ« ∞O PO„ ^è Œ „ Ñ¨ ^Õ âò „ Ñ¨ Éè í ∞`« fiO, Ã Ç· Ï^Œ ~åÉÏ^Œ ∞ – 500 028

Copyright Reserved ©

Year of Publication 2009

Second Edition 2010

=Ú„ Œ : K« O„ Œ „QÍÑ¶ ≤ H± û Zãπ .P~ü .\ – 12, q^•º#QÆ ~ü , Ã Ç· Ï Œ ~åÉÏ £ . á¶ È<£ : 9866661485

ã¨ Ç¨ ÏHÍ~° O :

Ñ≤. NÅH© ; „Ñ ã¨#fl (qÉè Ï) ã≤ .W.\˜ .ZÖò .Zãπ ., „ \˜ Ñ¨ ÙÖò S\˜ , Ã Ç· Ï Œ ~åÉÏ Œ ∞

™êOˆ HuHõ ã¨ Ç¨ Ü« ∞‰õ ΩÅ∞ : *. aHõ ∆ O, Ñ≤. JxÖò õ Ω=∂~ü , Ü«∞O. qâ◊ fi<å ä £ "≥Å : ~° ∂. 50/–

„ Ñ¨ `« ∞Å‰õ Ω :

il¢ ™êì~ü , ~år"£ QÍOnè "≥ ·*Ï˝ xHõ ™êOˆ HuHõ qâ◊ fiq^•ºÅÜ« ∞O ¿ ãì \ò H“xû Öò PÑ¶ π Ç ÏÜ« ∞º~ü Z_» ∞ºˆ H+¨ <£ , =∂ã¨ Éò \ÏºOH± , =∞Ç¨ g~ü Ç¨ ã≤ Ê@Öò Z Œ ∞~° ∞QÍ, Ã Ç· Ï Œ ~åÉÏ Œ ∞ – 500 028



iii

Dr. Raj ReddyProfessor, Mozah Bint University &

Carnegie Mellon University

Pittsburg PA, USA

Chancellor,

Rajiv Gandhi University of

Knowledge Technologies

Chairman, IIIT, Hyderabad

PREFACE

During my annual visits to India over the years, I had occasion to meet students,professsionals and managers of IT companies. Invariably, I was chagrined to find that

almost none of them was familiar or comfortable with the culture and wisdom of Telugu

- speaking people. They were not aware of many of the classic works in Telugu, the

famous poets, or the history of our land.

I discovered that the primary culprit is our educational system. Any aspiring en-

gineering or medical student is immediately channeled in to a specialized curriculumwhich essentially banishes humanities and social science subjects from the syllabus.

Thus, some of our brightest students are never exposed to our culture, literature, geog-

raphy and history, which is unfortunate. I was reminded of the starting paragraphs of

Niiti Chandrika which states that an uneducated person might as well be viewed as a

blind person because they have been denied the obvious lessons of life that are con-

tained in our literature.

Recently, I was fortunate to be given an opportunity to help define the curriculum

of a new university established by the AP Government, named Rajiv Gandhi University

of Knowledge Technologies for educating gifted rural youth. This university offers a six

year integrated progarm after the tenth class leading to a dual degree in IT and Engi-

neering related subjects. This provided a unique opportunity to redefine the curriculum

away from the early specialization that is usually the norm in the 11th and 12th classpre-university subjects and to provide all the students with a strong exposure to the

Telugu Culture.



iv

I was priveleged to have known Professor Malakonda Reddy, founder of

Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, since our college days. Besides being an

outstanding engineer, he is also a distinguished author and poet of Telugu literature. I

requested him to create a first-year syllabus consisting of "pearls of Wisdom" from the

literature of Telugu people. He graciously agreed and this book is the result of his deepunderstanding and knowledge of our culture. The book is organized so that each page

contains one poem or a statement from historical works of Telugu literature. On each

page, Professor Malakonda Reddy provides the meaning and a commentary of how

the statement continues to be valid in our lives.

Every student at Rajiv Gandhi University must complete a course of study in

Telugu literature involving these "Pearls of Wisdom". Not only do they have to partici-pate in the discussion of the meaning and implications of each of these statements dur-

ing class but they are also expected to be able to recite some of these at the end of each

week and month as part of their course evaluation. If they fail to recall at least 90% of

the works during the examination, they must re-take the exam the following week and

continue until such time they can demonstrate 90% mastery.

It is my fervent hope that these "Pearls of Wisdom" will provide our future gen-

erations guidance to navigate through the trials and tribulations of life, or as they say in

our culture, "Samsara Sagaram".

RAJ REDDY

September 18, 2008

(www.rr.cs.cmu.edu)



v

ZO`ÀHÍÅOQÍ, <Õ #∞ „Ñ¨ u ã¨ O=`« û~° O Éè Ï~° `« ^Õâßxfl Œ i≈ã¨ ∞Î <åfl#∞. JÑ¨ C_» ∞ W#Êù ˆ ~‡+¨ <£ >ˇ HÍflÅr xÑ¨ Ù∞efl, Hõ OÃÑh Ü« ∞[=∂#∞ºefl, q^•º~° ∞÷ efl Hõ e¿ã"å˜ ‚ . "åiÖ’ Z=fiiH ‰õ Ä_» ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ "åi ã¨ Oã¨ ¯ $u`À QÍx, q"Õ Hõ O`À QÍx `« y#O`« Ñ¨ iK« Ü« ∞O ÖË ^Œ x `≥ Å∞ã¨ ∞H˘x ÉÏ^è Œ Ñ_®¤ #∞.JO Õ HÍ^Œ ∞, ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞"åi „áêp# „QÆ O^ä •Å∞, „Ñ¨ ã≤ ^Œ ú Hõ =ÙÅ∞, K« i„`« #∞ QÆ ∂iÛ ‰õ Ä_® "åiH J=QÍÇ¨ Ï#

ÖË ^Œ x `≥ eã≤ Ok.

D Ñ¨ iã≤ ÷ uH =¸Å HÍ~° O =∞# q^•ºq^è •#"Õ ∞#x <Õ #∞ „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOKå#∞. WO[hiOQÆ ∞, "≥ · ^Œ º

q^Œ º JÉè í ºã≤ OK« ^Œ Åz# q^•º~° ∞÷ Å‰õ Ω „Ñ¨ `Õ ºHõ "≥ ∞ÿ # áê~î åºOâßÅ∞ x~° ‚ ~ÚOÑ¨ |_» `å~Ú. JO Œ ∞Ö’ =∂#= ™ê=∂lHõ ã¨ O|O^è Œ âß¢™êÎ Å‰õ Ω `å=ÙO_» ^Œ ∞. D q^è Œ OQÍ "Õ ∞^è •=ÙÖˇ · # ZO^Œ ~À q^•º~° ∞÷ Å‰õ Ω =∞# ã¨ Oã¨ ¯ $ux, ™êÇ≤ Ï`åºxfl, Éè í ∂QÀà◊ Ñ¨ iã≤ ÷ ux, K« i„`« #∞, K«k"Õ J=HÍâ◊ O ÖË ‰õ ΩO_® áÈ`« ∞#flk. Wk ^Œ ∞~° ^Œ $+ ì Hõ ~° O. D ã¨ O Œ ~° ƒù OQÍ huK« O„kHõ „áê~° OÉè í OÖ’ =Ù#fl H˘xfl =K« <åÅ∞ <å‰õ Ω [˝ Ñ≤ Î H =ã¨ ∞Î <åfl~Ú.JO Œ ∞Ö’ q •ºqÇ‘ Ï#∞˜ ‚, „QÆ ∞_ç ¤ "åxQÍ z„uOKå~° ∞. ZO^Œ ∞=Å¡ #O>Ë, J « xH =∞# ™êÇ≤ Ï`« ºOÖ’x

rq`« áê~î åÅ#∞ K«k"Õ J=HÍâ◊ O ÖË ^Œ ∞.

W\© =Å PO„ è Œ„Ñ¨ ^Õâò „Ñ¨ Éè í ∞`« fiO "å~° ∞ ‰õ Ωâß„QÆ |∞^Œ ∞ú Öˇ · # „QÍg∞ Ü« Ú=‰õ ΩÅ HÀã¨ O ~år"£ QÍOnè <åÖ_ç @HÍflÅr qâ◊ fiq^•ºÅÜ« ∂xfl ™ê÷ Ñ≤ OKå~° ∞. JO^Œ ∞Ö’ áê~î åºOâßÅ#∞ x~° ‚ ~ÚOKÕ J^Œ $+¨ ì O <å‰õ Ω Œ H˜ ¯Ok. D qâ◊ fiq^•ºÅÜ« ∞OÖ’ Ñ¨ ^Œ = « ~° QÆ u « ~åfi « Pˆ ~O_» ∞¡ K«k"Õ HÀ~° ∞û#∞ „Ñ¨ "Õâ◊ ÃÑ\Ïì ~° ∞. D HÀ~° ∞û K«kq# "åiH W#Êù ˆ ~‡+¨ <£ >ˇ HÍflÅr, _ç„w`À áê@∞ WO[hiOQÆ ∞‰õ Ω ã¨ O|Okè Oz# =∞~˘Hõ_ç„w ‰õ Ä_® Åaè ã¨ ∞Î Ok. D HÀ~° ∞ûÖ’ Ñ¨ ^Œ H˘O_» ∞, Ñ <≥ flO_» ∞ `« ~° QÆ `« ∞ÅÖ’ – JO>Ë „Ñ¨ ã¨ ∞Î `« O WO@~ü

g∞_ç Ü« ∞\ò HÀ~° ∞ûÅÖ’ „H˘`« Î áê~î åºOâßÅ#∞ KÕ ˆ ~Û J=HÍâ◊ O =ÙOk. JO^Œ ∞Ö’ q^•º~° ∞÷ Å Hõ O^Œ iH˜ =∞# `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ã¨ Oã¨ ¯ $uH ã¨ O|Okè Oz# áê~î åºOâßÅ#∞ É’kè OK« =K« ∞Û.

_®II ~å*òÔ ~_ç ¤PKå~° ∞ºÅ∞, Hõ OÑ¨ Óº@~ü Ãã· <£ û ~ÀÉ’\˜ H± û

HÍsflw "≥ ∞Ö¡ <£ Ü« ¸x=iû\© Ñ≤ @∞û|~° ∞æ, J"≥ ∞iHÍ

Ñ¨iK«Ü«∞O



vi

PKå~° º _®II LO_Õ Å =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô ~_ç ¤ QÍix ã¨ Ç¨ Ïáêiî QÍ, <å WO[hiOQ∑ q^•ºi÷ ^Œâ◊ #∞O_ç Ü≥ ∞~° ∞QÆ ∞^Œ ∞#∞. PÜ« ∞# ÃÇ· Ï^Œ ~åÉÏ Œ ∞Ö’x K≥ · `« #ºÉè Ï~° u WO[hiOQ∑ Hõ àÏâßÅ‰õ Ω ã¨ O™ê÷ Ñ¨ Hõ HÍ~° º^Œ i≈, „Ñ¨ ^è •<åKå~° ∞ºÅ∞. PÜ« ∞# ¿Ñ~° ∞á⁄Ok# WO[hˆ ~ HÍ^Œ ∞, ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ™êÇ≤ Ï`« ºOÖ’ „Ñ¨ ã≤ ^Œ ú Hõ q ‰õ Ä_®. ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ™êÇ≤ Ï`« ºOÖ’x P˜ =Ú`åºÅ =O\˜ h`« ∞efl ¿ãHõ iOz ÃÑ· HÀ~° ∞ûÖ’ "≥ Ú^Œ \ « ~° QÆ uH˜XHõ áê~î åºOâßxfl `« Ü« ∂~° ∞KÕ Ü« ∞=∞x PÜ« ∞##∞ <Õ #∞ HÀ~å#∞. PÜ« ∞# ^•xH JOwHõ iOz<å~° ∞.

^•x Ñ¶ ¨ e`« "Õ ∞ D „QÆ O^ä Œ O. D „QÆ O^ä Œ OÖ’ =∞# ã¨ Oã¨ ¯ $ux QÆ ∂iÛ PÜ« ∞#‰õ Ω#fl J=QÍÇ¨ Ï#, q*Ï˝ #O ^Àº`« Hõ =∞ø`« ∞Ok.

D „QÆ O^ä Œ OÖ’x „Ñ¨ u Ñ¨ Ù@Ö’ `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ Ñ¨ ^Œ ºO ÖË ^• hu ã¨ ∂H˜ Î =ÙO@∞Ok. „Ñ¨ u Ñ¨ ^Œ ºO ÖË ^• hu ã¨∂H˜ Î Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ Éè Ï=O, Jk U q^è Œ OQÍ <Õ \ =∞# rq`åxH J#fi~Úã¨∞Î O^À `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕ ¿ã "åºMÏº#O ~ÚO^Œ ∞ "≥ O@ á⁄O^Œ ∞Ñ¨ ~° K« |_®¤ ~Ú.

~år"£ QÍOnè qâ◊ fiq^•ºÅÜ« ∞OÖ’x „Ñ u q •ºi÷, ~¸ huã ∂‰õ ΩÎ Å À ‰õ Ä_ç # ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ™êÇ≤ Ï åºxfl J^è Œ ºÜ« ∞#O KÕ Ü« ∞=Åã≤ =ÙOk. q^•º~° ∞÷ Å∞ ÃÑ· ™êÇ≤ Ï`åºxH ã¨ O|Okè Oz# K« ~° ÛÅÖ’ áêÖÁæ x, hu

ã¨ ∂‰õ ΩÎ efl "å~åO`« OÖ’ QÍx, =∂™êO`« OÖ’ QÍx Hõ O~î ° áê~î ° O KÕ Ü« ∂e. Ñ¨ sHõ ∆ ÅÖ’ Hõ hã¨ O `˘OÉè ˇ ·

âß « O LfÎ ~° ‚ `« ™êkè OKåe. JO`«âß « O LfÎ ~° ‚ `« ™êkè OK« Hõ áÈ`Õ, Jk ™êkè OKÕ =~° ‰õ Ω J^è Œ ºÜ« ∞#O KÕ Ü« ∂e.

D hu ã¨ ∂‰õ ΩÎ Å∞, Éè ÏqÉè Ï~° `« áœ~° ∞Öˇ · # q^•º~° ∞÷ Å‰õ Ω ã¨ O™ê¯~° k‰õ ÄûzQÍ xez "åiH, « =∞ rq`« OÖ’ ã¨ =∞ã¨ ºefl Z^Œ ∞~˘¯<Õ â◊ H˜ Î x „Ñ¨ ™êk™êÎ Ü« ∞x <Õ #∞ QÍ_è » OQÍ qâ◊ fiã≤ ã¨ ∞Î <åfl#∞.

W@∞¡ ~å*òÔ~_ç ¤

ÃãÃÑì O|~ü 18, 2008



vii

Dr. V. Malakonda ReddyPh.D. (Strucl.Engg.) Edinburg'Bala Saraswati', ' Kavi Kiriti', 'Vidya Bhushan'

Secretary/President A.P. Private Engineering CollegesManagements AssociationAV College Campus, GaganmahalHyderabad - 500 029. A.P.

President Federation of Associations of Managements of UnaidedProfessional Educational Institutions in India

Phones :Res : 040-23399188Off : 040-23214674Telefax : 040-27633300/23243127

Founder Principal / SecretaryFormer Chairman / AdvisorChaitanya Bharati Institute of Technology (CBIT)Gandipet, Hyderabad - 500 075

ChairmanManagement CommitteeMediciti Institute of Medical SciencesGhanpur, Medchal Mandal, R.R. Dist.,A.P.

`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu K« i„ « Ô ~O_» ∞"Õ Å ã¨ O=`« û~åÅÃÑ· =∂>Ë . ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞Ö’ ˘e Ñ¨ ^Œ ºHÍ=ºO ~° zOÑ¨ |_ç Ok "≥ ~Úº ã¨ O=`« û~åÅ‰õ Ω =ÚO^Õ . ã¨ Oã¨ ¯ $`« OÖ’ =Ù#fl N=∞„^•=∂Ü« ∞O, N=∞^•O„^è Œ Éè Ï~° `« O,

N=∞^•O„^è Œ Éè ÏQÆ =`« O ÖÏO\˜ áœ~å˜ Hõ „QÆ O^ä •Å J#∞"å Œ O`À áê@∞, „Ñ¨ |O^è Œ HÍ"åºÅ∞, huâ◊ `« HÍÅ∞, YO_» HÍ"åºÅ∞, =K« # ~° K« #Å∞ Z<Àfl ã¨ fi`« O„`« OQÍ ~° zOÑ¨ |_ç, ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ™êÇ≤ Ï`åºxH =<≥ fl ^≥ KåÛ~Ú. D „QÆ O^ä •ÅÖ’ „Ñ¨ ^è •#OQÍ hu â◊ `« HÍÅÖ’ `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞*Ïu q"Õ Hõ O „Ñ¨ ã¨ ∞Êù @=∞ø « ∞Ok.

Z<Àfl â◊`« HÍÅÖ’x Ñ¨^•ºÅ∞, "Õ =∞# Ñ¨ ^•ºÅ∞, Éè í ~°Î $Ç¨ Ïi ã¨ ∞Éè Ï+≤ `åÅ∞ ZO`À =∞OkH˜ Hõ O~î ° ã¨ ÷ O. Wk „Hõ =∞OQÍ « yæ áÈ`« ∞#flk. HÍ~° O <Õ \ q^•ºq è •#OÖ’ ÃÑ· „QÆ O^ä •Å∞ áê~î åºOâßÅ∞QÍ ÖË Hõ áÈ=_» "Õ ∞. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ "Õ ∞^è •=ÙÖˇ · # ZO Œ ~À q^•º~° ∞÷ Å‰õ Ω, =∞# ™êÇ≤ Ï`« ºOÃÑ· ã¨ Oã¨ ¯ $uÃÑ· J=QÍÇ Ï# ÖË ‰õ ΩO_® áÈ`« ∞#flk. Wk Œ ∞~° ^Œ $+¨ ì Hõ ~° O. D Ñ¨ iã≤ ÷ ux K« Hõ ¯k^•Ì Åx, ZO^Œ ~À =∂`« $Éè Ïëêaè =∂#∞Å∞„Ñ¨ Ü« ∞uflã¨ ∞Î <åfl~° ∞. D =∂ zxfl „Ñ Ü« ∞`« flO JO^Œ ∞Ö’ Éè ÏQÆ "Õ ∞. W\© =Å J"≥ ∞iHÍÖ’ Ñ≤ @∞û|~° ∞æ Ö’

HÍsflw "≥ ∞Ö¡ <£ Ü« ¸x=iû\© Ö’ PKå~° ∞ºÅ∞QÍ =Ù#fl _®. ~å*òÔ ~_ç ¤ QÍ~° ∞ ~år"£ QÍOnè <åÖ_ç ˚ >ˇ HÍflÅr qâ◊ fiq^•ºÅÜ« ∂xH Kè å#ûÅ~ü QÍ xÜ« ∞q∞OÑ|_®¤ ~° ∞. PÜ« ∞#‰õ Ω `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ™êÇ≤ Ï`« ºOÃÑ·, `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ã¨ Oã¨ ¯ $uÃÑ· JÑ¨ iq∞`« "≥ ∞ÿ # Jaè =∂#O. ÃÑ· qâ◊ fiq^•ºÅÜ« ∞OÖ’ „Ñ¨ "Õâ◊ ÃÑ@ì |_» ¤ Pˆ ~O_» ¡

WO[hiOQÆ ∞ HÀ~° ∞ûÖ’ WO@s‡_ç Ü« ∞\ò "≥ Ú Œ \˜ ã¨ O=`« û~° OÖ’ ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ™êÇ≤ Ï « ºOÖ’x hu è Œ ~° ‡Ö’HÀ‰õ ΩÎ efl áê~î åºOâ◊ OQÍ KÕ Ü« ∂Åx "å~° ∞ x~° ‚ ~ÚOK«_» O [iyOk. D ã¨ O Œ ~° ƒù OQÍ „Ñ¨ ã¨ ∞Î `« â◊ `åaÌ H J#∞QÆ ∞OQÍ =ÙO_Õ `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ™êÇ≤ Ï`« ºOÖ’x hu^è Œ ~° ‡ Ö’HÀ‰õ ΩÎ efl, '`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O— ¿Ñ~° ∞`À ã¨OHõ Å#O

q#flÑ¨ O



viii

KÕ Ü« ∞=Åã≤ OkQÍ _®II ~å*òÔ ~_ç ¤ QÍ~° ∞ ##∞fl HÀ~å~° ∞. "å~° ∞ KÕ ã≤ # ã¨ ∂K« #Å#∞ J#∞ã¨ iOz `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ™êÇ≤ Ï`« ºOÖ’x â◊ `« HÍÅ #∞O_ç, ~Ú « ~° „QÆ O^ä •Å #∞O_ç, <å ~° K« #Å #∞O_ç, hu K« O„kHõ #∞O_ç H˘xfl Ñ¨ ^•ºÅ#∞, =K« <åÅ#∞ Ui, D „QÆ O^ä Œ OÖ’ KÕ ~åÛ#∞. ã¨ OH˜ ∆ Ñ¨ Î OQÍ JO Œ e Éè Ï"åÅ#∞, hux ~ÚO^Œ ∞Ö’ á⁄O^Œ∞Ñ¨iKå#∞.

ÃÑ· Ñ¨ ^•ºÅÖ’, =K« <åÅÖ’ =ºHõ Î Ñ¨ iz# Éè Ï"åÅ∞ PÜ« ∂ Hõ =ÙÅ∞, ~° K« ~Ú`« Åq =∂„`« "Õ ∞. ã¨ =∂[OÖ’x, U =∞`åxfl QÍx, =~åæ xfl QÍx Œ $+≤ ì Ö’ ÃÑ@∞ì H˘x D ã¨ OHõ Å<åxfl ‰õ Ä~° Û_» O [~° QÆ ÖË ^Œ ∞. WO^Œ e h`« ∞Å∞, ^è Œ ~å‡Å∞ ã¨ ~° fi^ÕâßÅ‰õ Ω, ã¨ ~° fiHÍÖÏÅ‰õ Ω ã¨ =∞‡`« OQÍ =ÙO_®Åx, =ÙO\ÏÜ« ∞x <Õ #∞ Éè Ïqã¨ ∞Î <åfl#∞. D „QÆ O^ä Œ OÖ’x hu è Œ ~° ‡Ö’HÀ‰õ ΩÎ Å∞, Éè ÏqÉè Ï~° `« áœ~° ∞Öˇ · # =∞# q^•º~° ∞÷ Å‰õ Ω =∞# `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ ã¨ Oã¨ ¯ $uÃÑ· J=QÍÇ¨ Ï# Hõ eæ Oz, "åix L`« Î =∞ áœ~° ∞Å∞QÍ fiÛk^Œ Ì QÆ Å=x qâ◊ fiã≤ ã¨ ∞Î <åfl#∞.

ˆ HO„^Œ „Ñ¨ Éè í ∞`« fiO "å~° ∞ `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞Éè Ï+¨ ‰õ Ω „áêp# „Ñ¨ uÑ¨ uÎ x W\© =Å Hõ eÊOKå~° ∞. Wk ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu QÆ ifiOK« ^Œ y# q+¨ Ü« ∞O. H=ÅO „áêp# „Ñ¨ uÑ¨ uÎ `À =∞#O ã¨ O`« $Ñ≤ Î Ñ_» ‰õ Ä_» ^Œ ∞. ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞Éè Ï+¨ ‰õ ΩP^è Œ ∞xHõ „Ñ¨ uÑ¨ uÎ x Hõ eÊOK« =Åã≤ =ÙOk. JO Œ ∞‰õ Ω D „QÆ O^ä •xfl „Ñ¨ ^ä Œ =∞ „Ñ¨ Ü« ∞`« flOQÍ Éè ÏqOK«_» OJuâ◊ Ü≥ ∂H˜ Î HÍ Œ ∞. ZO^Œ ∞Hõ O>Ë ™êOˆ HuHõ q^•º~° ∞÷ Å∞ „Ñ¨ Ñ¨ OK« =∞O`å qã¨ Î iã¨ ∞Î #fl D ã¨ =∞Ü« ∞OÖ’ D

Ñ¨ Ùã¨ Î Hõ O "åiH áê~î ° º„QÆ O^ä Œ OQÍ KÕ Ü« ∞@OÖ’ Bz`« º=ÚOk.

™êO HuHõ q^•º~° ∞÷ Å∞ å=Ú ri‚ OK« ∞H˘#fl ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞*Ïu q"Õ HÍxfl „Ñ¨ Ñ¨ OKåxHõ O`å Ñ¨ OK« QÆ Å~° xPt™êÎ O.

– LO_Õ Å =∂ÅH˘O_® Ô ~_ç ¤



ix

Z=~° #∞ H˘<åfls ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞"å_» ∞ Z Œ ∞~° ∞ÖË Hõ k#k#O Z Œ∞QÆ ∞"å_» ∞P"Õâ◊ O J « x QÆ ∞~°∞Î JÉè í ∞º Œ Ü« ∞O J « x ™⁄ « ∞ÎJdÅ Õâ◊ "Õ ∞ è •x è Œ ∞ÅO Œ i`À J « x á⁄ « ∞Î

≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ "å_» ∞ [QÆ =∞O`å <Õ_» ∞ "≥ Å∞QÆ ∞K« ∞#fl"å_»∞ WO\Ï |Ü« ∞\Ï Ñ ^•~° ∞ HÀ@¡ |ÅQÆ =Ú#fl"å_» ∞ ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞Öˇ Å¡ XHõ ¯ „`å\˜ ÃÑ· #_ç z# "å_» ∞ Éè Ï~° `åxfl UHõ OQÍ áêeOKÕ "å_» ∞J#∞H˘#flk ™êkè OÑ¨ Hõ, "≥ #∞k~° QÆ x "å_» ∞

J#∞Hõ ∆ O #"À Œ Ü« ∞O PtOKÕ "å_» ∞

≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ <Õ ÅÖ’ Hõ eq∞ =ÙOk, ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ Ü« Ú= « Ö’ |eq∞ =ÙOk ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ Ñ¨ Å∞‰õ ΩÖ’ Õ <≥ =ÙOk, ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ "≥ ∞ Œ_» ∞Ö’ ≥ eq =ÙOk ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ Hõ à◊ ÅÖ’ « à◊ √‰õ Ω =ÙOk, ≥Å∞QÆ ∞ #_» Hõ Ö’ ™⁄QÆ ã¨ ∞ =ÙOk

≥ eqH |eq∞ `À_≥ · Õ, Ñ¨ Å∞‰õ ΩÅ∞ KÕ « Å∞ XHõ >ˇ ÿ Õ ≥ Å∞QÆ ∞Å‰õ Ω ÖË x Õ =ÚOk! JxflO@ [Ü« ∞"Õ ∞=ÚOk!

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~° O

Z=~°#∞H˘<åfls ≥Å∞QÆ ∞"å_» ∞ ~° K« # : _®II LO_Õ Å =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô ~_ç ¤



x

Ñ¨Ù@Å∞

q+¨ Ü« ∞ ã¨ ∂zHõ

Ñ¨ ^Œ º Éè ÏQÆ O

1. ^è Œ ~° ‡Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 03-132. hu Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 14-233. q"Õ Hõ Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 24-354. HÍ~° º™ê^è Œ Hõ Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 36-395. q^Œ fi`ü Ñ ^Œ ú u 40-446. ã¨ [˚ # Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 45-49

7. ™êfi~° ÷ Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 50-528. J~° ÷ Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 53-589. Jkè HÍ~° Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 59-6110. =¸~° ö Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 62-6811. ^Œ ∞~° ˚ # Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 69-8512. Ö’Hõ ã¨ fiÉè Ï= Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 86-12713. JÇ≤ ÏO™ê Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 128-13014. "Õ ^•O`« Ñ¨ ^Œ ú u 131-136

QÆ ^Œ º Éè ÏQÆ O

15. ã¨ OÑ¨ Ó~° ‚ hu K« O„kHõ – hu ã¨ ∂‰õ ΩÎ Å∞ 139-15416. PO„ è Œ ^Õâ◊ =Ú – Ñ¨ Ó~° fi HÍÅÑ¨ Ù ¿Ñ~° ∞¡ – =∞O_» Å=ÚÅ∞ 155-161

17. K« ^Œ ∞=Ù (Hõ ^ä •xHõ) 162-167 "åºHõ~°O

18. Kè « O^Œ ã¨ ∞û : 171-185 K« OÑ¨ Hõ =∂Å, L`« ÊÅ=∂Å, âß~° ∂Ì ÅO, =∞`Õ Î Éè í O,P@"≥ Åk, `Õ @wu, Hõ O^Œ O, ã‘ ã¨ O

19. JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ : 186-189

LÑ¨ =∞, L„`Õ ÊHõ ∆ , ~° ∂Ñ¨ Hõ O, Juâ◊ Ü≥ ∂H˜ Î, ã fiÉè Ï"ÀH˜ Î, J~å÷ O`« ~° <åºã¨ O

ã¨ O„ÑkOK« ∞ „QÆ O^ä •Å∞ 190



Ñ¨ Œ º Éè ÏQÆ O



2 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O




Éè Ï=O : HÀÑO =Å¡, XHõ =ºH˜ Î Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#`« `«yæáÈ « ∞Ok. J`«x =∞#ã¨ ∞û âßOux HÀÖ’Ê`« ∞Ok. HÀÑOJK« ∞H˘#fl "å_Õ `«# HÀÔ ~¯Å#∞ ãÑ¶ ¨ bHõ $`«O KÕã¨ ∞HÀQÆÅ_» ∞. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ HÀáêxfl g∞ Ç¨ Ï^Œ ∞ÌÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀO_ç.

hu : HÀÑO xÑ¨ C ÖÏO\˜k. Jk xÅ∞=Ù<å ^Œ Ç≤ ÏOz"Õã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÀáêxfl [~Ú¿ãÎ HÀÔ ~¯Å∞ <≥~° "Õ~° ∞`å~Ú.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#`« ´ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«#O† ‰õ ΩO^Œ ∞ ´ kQÆ ∞Å∞ "åºMÏº#O : HÀÑO JO@∞"åºkèÖÏO\˜k. Jk h=Ù „Ñ¨ Œi≈¿ãÎ Ü≥ ∞^Œ ∞\˜ "åiH JO@∞H˘O@∞Ok. W^Œ Ìi=∞^è Œ º Ñ¶ ¨ ∞~° ¬ U~° Ê_» ∞`« ∞Ok. HÀÑO =Å¡ =∞x+≤ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#`« `«yæáÈ`« ∞Ok. =∞#ã¨ ∞û âßOux HÀÖ’Ê`« ∞Ok.HÀáêxfl JK« ∞H˘#flÑ¨ C_Õ HÀiHõÅ∞ <≥~° "Õ~° ∞`å~Ú. Wk „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOz, „Ñu"å~° ∞ HÀáêxfl J^Œ ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ"åe.

Meaning: Anger makes man less worthy. Anger causes a person to lose his peace of

mind. When one learns to keep his temper under control, he can certainly succeed in

his aspirations. Hence temper should always be kept under firm control.

Aspiration = Desire, goal

Moral: Anger is like a flame, which can cause total destruction. If one can win over

anger he is on the road to sure success.

V

3. K«OÑ¨ Œ y#Ü« ∞\˜ ì â◊ „ « ∞=Ù « # KÕ « lÔ H¯<Õ x H©_»∞ ¿ãÜ« ∞~å Œ ∞ á⁄ãQÆ "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕã≤ á⁄=∞‡#∞>Ë Kå=Ù qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : K«OÑ¨ Œy# |^Œ úâ◊„`« ∞"≥ ·<å, h KÕuH zH˜ ¯`Õ, J`«xH H©_» ∞ KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. ÃÑ·QÍ, J`«xH "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕã≤ÑOÑ≤OK«_»O =∞Ozk. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ J`«xÖ’x â◊„`« ∞=Ù K« zÛáÈ å_» ∞. J`«_» ∞ h‰õ Ω ¿ãflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞_Ò å_» ∞. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡h‰õ Ω =∞#âß≈Ou Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk. =∞x+≤x HÍ^Œ ∞, =∞x+≤Ö’x â◊„`« ∞=Ù#∞ K«OÑ¨ Ù.

hu : â◊„`« ∞`åfixfl =∞Oz`«#O`À<Õ [~ÚOKåe.

J~å÷ Å∞ : á⁄ãQÆ ´ «y#@∞¡

"åºMÏº#O : „ÑÑOK«OÖ’ ã¨ ∞YâßO`« ∞Å∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_® áÈ=_®xH HÍ~° O „Ñ[Å =∞^è Œ º q~À^è •Å∞. Pq~À^è•Å∞ H˘\Ï¡@Å‰õΩ, Ç¨Ï`«ºÅ‰õΩ ^•if™êÎ~Ú. Ç¨Ï`«ºÅ`À Ñ¨QÆ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. Ñ¨QÆ‰õΩ „Ñ¨fHÍ~°O

"≥ Ú^ŒÅ=Ù « ∞Ok. nxH JO`« ∞ =ÙO_» Œ ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì ÑQÆ#∞ [~ÚOKåÅO>Ë q~Àkèx Hõ ∆ q∞Oz, J`«xH "Õ ∞Å∞

KÕÜ« ∂e. JÑ¨ C_» ∞ J`«xÖ’ ÑQÆ K«ÖÏ¡i ÑâßÛ`åÎÑO U~° Ê_» ∞`« ∞Ok. nx=Å¡ ã=∂[OÖ’ âßOu U~° Ê_» ∞`« ∞Ok.Meaning: If a bitter enemy is captured, do not harm or take revenge on him. It is

sensible to help him and set him free. It will result in the enmity within him to fade away.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 5

He can become a grateful well wisher and friend. That is bound to fill the heart with

peace. Do not kill a man, kill the enmity in his heart.

Moral: Enmity has to be won over with charity and generosity. Forgiveness and

generosity are certain to win an enemy over.

V

4. KåH, HÀHõ Å∞uH pHÍ‰õ Ω Ñ_» *Ëã≤ "≥ ∞ÿ Å fã≤ Öˇã¨ û =∞_ç z#@∞¡ |∞kú K≥ Ñ¨ C"å_» ∞ „QÆ ∞kÌ Õ <Õ =∞Ü« ∂

qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞! Éè Ï=O : KåHõ e QÆ ∞_» ¤#∞ |O_» ˆ Hã≤ ÉÏk, =ÚiH˜ =^ŒÅQ˘\˜ ì, â◊ √„Éè íOQÍ =∞_» «Å∞ ÃÑ\˜ ì =∞#HõOk™êÎ_» ∞. Pq^è ŒOQÍ<Õ q^•º|∞ Œ ∞úÅ∞ <Õ ˆ ~Ê q+Ü« ∞OÖ’ QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù, t+ µº˜ ‚ tH˜ ∆ Oz<å `«Ñ¨ CÖË Œ ∞. tH˜ ∆ OK«_»O q^•ºi÷xÉÏQÆ ∞KÕÜ« ∞_®xˆ H HÍ|\˜ ì, t+¨ µº_» ∞ ^•xx J~° ÷O KÕã¨ ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : tHõ ∆ Ö’ tHõ ∆ ‰õ Ä_® XHõ Ñ¨ Œ úu.

J~å÷ Å∞ : KåH ´ KåHõ e† HÀHõÅ∞ ´ QÆ ∞_» ¤Å∞† "≥ ∞ÿÅ ´ =ÚiH˜

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» q^•º~° ∞÷Å tHõ ∆ #∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. QÆ ∞~° ∞t+¨ µºÅ ã¨O|O^è ŒO Éè íH˜ Î "å`« ûÖÏºÅ`À‰õ Ä_ç#k. "å`« ûÅºOÖ’ QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù É’kèOKÕ q+Ü« ∂Å#∞ t+¨ µº_» ∞ Éè íH˜ Î À qx, <Õ~° ∞ÛH˘x ÑsHõ ∆ Ö’ LfÎ~° ∞‚_» ∞HÍ"åe. t+¨ µº_» ∞ J„â◊ Œ úQÍ „Ñ=iÎ ¿ãÎ, J`« ˜ ‚ QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù tH˜ ∆ OK«=Åã≤ =ÙO@∞Ok. P tHõ ∆ t+ µºx "Õ ∞Å∞ H˘~° ˆ HHÍ|\˜ ì JO Œ ∞Ö’ `«Ñ¨ CÖË Œ ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω KåHõ e =ÚiHx =keOKÕ Ü« ∞`« flOÖ’ |@ìÅ#∞ |O_» ˆ Hã≤ÉÏ Œ ∞`å_» ∞. Jk `«Ñ¨ CHÍ^Œ ∞ Hõ •!

Meaning: The washer-man washes clothes on the washing stone, beats them hard,

cleans them and neatly folds them before handing them over to us. Similarly a true

student should realize, that when his teacher is sometimes forced to be harsh to him, he

is guiding him on the right path. A teacher’s punishment is meant only as a measure to

discipline and steer him to a better life.

Steer = guide

Moral: Firm discipline is a part of education.

V




5. KÕ « ∞Å‰õ Ω ^˘_» =Ù ^•#=Ú Éè í ∂ « Å<å ä Œ ∞Å‰õ Ω ^˘_» =Ù ÉÁOHõ q∞ è Œ ~° Ö’ huÜ≥ ∞ `˘_» "≥ "åfiiH˜ <åuH =∂#O|∞ `˘_» =Ù #Ü« ∞=ÚQÆ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : KÕ « ∞Å‰õ Ω JO^ŒO ã¨ fi~° ‚ HõOHõ ÏÅ∞ è Œi¿ãÎ ~å Œ ∞, •#O KÕ ¿ãÎ =ã¨ ∞ÎOk. ~åAÅ‰õ Ω ã¨ « º"åHõ ÊiáêÅ#Éè í ∂+¨ =∞ø`« ∞Ok. „Ñu"åiH˜ huQÍ „| «Hõ_» "Õ ∞ Éè í ∂+¨ O. ¢ã‘ ÎH «# =∂<åxfl HÍáê_» ∞H˘#_»O Éè í ∂+¨ O.W\˜ ì ã¨ Œ ∞æ ÏÅ<Õ Éè í ∂+¨ ÏÅ∞ ^è ŒiOz# "åiH ã¨ fi~° ‚ Éè í ∂+¨ ÏÅ∞ J=ã~°O ÖË Œ ∞.

hu : JO`«~°OQÆ ™œO^Œ~° º"Õ ∞ JãÖˇ ·# ™œO^Œ~° ºO.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ˘_»=Ù ™⁄=Ú‡, #QÆ † ÉÁOHõq∞ J|^Œ ú=∂_»‰õ ΩO_» ∞@† Éè í ∂`«Å<å^ä Œ ∞_» ∞ ~åA† <åu ¢ã‘ Î.

"åºMÏº#O : â◊s~° ™œO Œ~° ºO HõO>Ë =∞#ã¨ ∞û Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ ™œO^Œ~° ºO Q˘Ñ¨ Êk. ^•#O KÕÜ« ∞@O KÕ « ∞Å‰õ Ω™œO^Œ~° ºO. ã¨ « ºO ÑÅHõ@O ~åAÅ‰õ Ω ™œO^Œ~° ºO. huQÍ „|`«Hõ_»O „Ñu =∂#=ÙxH ™œO Œ~° ºO. =∂#ãO~°Hõ ∆ ¢ã‘ ÎÅ‰õ Ω ™œO^Œ~° ºO. D ã¨ Œ ∞æ ÏÅ∞ HõÅ"åiH ã¨ fi~° ‚ Éè í ∂+¨ ÏÅ∞ J=ã~°O ÖË Œ ∞.

Meaning: Rich, golden bracelets do not add beauty to hands. Charity does. Truth

and justice add glory to a king. An ethical and a moral life enhance one’s life and make

it better. Chastity and honour are precious to a woman. Virtues are far more beautiful

ornaments than ornaments of gold.

Enhance = increase

Chastity = Purity

Moral: Inner beauty is true beauty.

V

6. « # HÀÑ "≥ ∞ « # â◊ „ « ∞=Ù « # âßO « "≥ ∞ « #‰õ Ω ~°Hõ ∆ , ŒÜ« ∞ K« ∞@ìOÉ∫ « # ãO`À+¨ "≥ ∞ ã¨ fi~° æ =Ú « # Œ ∞óY=Ú #~°Hõ =∞O„_» ∞, « ä Œ º=Ú ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : HÀÑO ÖËx "åxH â◊„ « ∞=ÙÅ∞O_»~° ∞. J`«x âßO`« "Õ ∞ J`« ˜ ‚ ~°H˜ ∆ ã¨ ∞ÎOk. J`«_» ∞ W`«~° ∞ÅÃÑ·K« ∂Ñ≤OKÕ ŒÜ« ∞ PÑ¨ Î |O è Œ ∞=ÙQÍ À_» ∞O@∞Ok. J`«_» ∞ ãO`À+OQÍ =ÙO>Ë, J^Õ ã¨ fi~° æO. J`«_» ∞ Œ ∞óYOÖ’=Úxy Õ J^Õ #~°HõO.

hu : ã¨ fi~° æ#~°HÍÅ∞, h =∞#ã¨ ∞ûÖ’<Õ =Ù<åfl~Ú.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» Ji+_» fi~åæxfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. =∞#ã¨ ∞ûÖ’ HÍ=∞O, „HÀ^è ŒO, "≥ ∂Ç¨ ÏO, Ö’Éè íO,=∞^ŒO, =∂`« û~° ºO J<Õ P~° ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞ â◊„`« ∞=ÙÅ∞ =Ù<åfl~° ∞. P â◊„`« ∞=ÙÅ#∞ [~ÚOz#"åiH |Ü« ∞@ â◊„`« ∞=ÙÅ




=Å¡ Éè íÜ« ∞O =ÙO_» Œ ∞. HÀÑO ÖËx "åxH â◊„`« ∞Éè íÜ« ∞O ÖË Œ ∞. âßO`« ã¨ fiÉè Ï=ÙxH "Õ ˆ ~ ~°Hõ ∆ `À Ñx ÖË Œ ∞. Ç¨ Ï$^ŒÜ« ∞OÖ’ ŒÜ« ∞ QÆÅ"åxH "Õ ˆ ~ |O è Œ ∞=ÙÅ∞ J=ã~°O ÖË Œ ∞. ã¨ fi~° æ #~°HÍÅ#flq =∂#=Ùx =∞#ã¨ ∞ûÖ’<Õ=ÙO\Ï~Ú. =∂#=Ù_» ∞ ãO`À+OQÍ =ÙO_»_» "Õ ∞ ã¨ fi~° æO. ^Œ ∞óYOÖ’ =ÚxyáÈ=_» "Õ ∞ #~°HõO.

Meaning: Anger has always proved to be one’s own enemy. A man of pleasant

temperament has no enemies. His calm demeanour protects him. His tolerance andkindness to others remain as his best well-wishers. When he is happy, it is his heaven

and his hell when he is sad.

Demeanour = manner of conducting one self

Moral: Joy of heaven, or pain of hell, is all a matter of the state of mind.

V

7. #_» ∞=‰õ Ωg∞ ≥ ~° ∞ "˘Hõ ¯@QÆ ∞_» ∞=‰õ Ωg∞ â◊ „ « ∞xO@ QÆ ∂iq∞ `À_» <£ =Ú_» ∞=‰õ Ωg∞ Ñ ~° è Œ #=ÚÅ #∞_» ∞=‰õ Ωg∞ Ü≥ Ú~° ∞Å=∞#ã¨ ∞ <˘=fiQÆ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : XO@iQÍ „ÑÜ« ∂O KÕÜ« ∞_»O, q~Àkè ~ÚO\’¡ "≥ ∞K« ∞ÛH˘O@∂ Éè ’[#O KÕÜ« ∞_»O, Ñ~° ∞Å è Œ<åxfl JÑ¨ Ç¨ ÏiOK«_»O, X~° ∞Å =∞#ã¨ ∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤ ÊOKÕ@@∞¡ =∂\Ï¡_»_»O =∞Oz Ñ¨ Œ ú « ∞Å∞ HÍ=Ù.

hu : X~° ∞Å =∞#ã¨ ∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤ ÊOK«‰õ ΩO_® LO_»_» "Õ ∞ x["≥ ∞ÿ# ãO™ê¯~°O.

J~å÷ Å∞ : `≥~° ∞=Ù ´ ^•i† ‰õ Äiq∞ ´ „Ñ‘u† =Ú_»=‰õ Ω ´ ˘OyeOK«‰õ Ω

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» =∂#=Ùx „Ñ=~° Î# xÜ« ∞=∂=ox QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ã¨ Ç¨ ÏK«~° ∞Å∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_» XO@iQÍ„ÑÜ« ∂O KÕÜ« ∞_»O ˆ H∆ =∞Hõ~°O HÍ^Œ ∞. â◊„`« ∞"≥ ·# "åx ~ÚO\’¡ Éè ’[#O KÕÜ« ∞_»O =∞Ozk HÍ Œ ∞. Ñ¨~° ∞Å

™⁄=Ú‡#∞ PtOK«‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. W`«~° ∞Å =∞#ã¨ ∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤ ÊOKÕ =∂@Å∞ =∂\Ï¡_»‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. D xÜ« ∞=∂Å#∞áê\Oz# =∞x+≤ Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ rq`«O Ç¨ ~ÚQÍ #_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: Never travel alone. Do not accept food in an enemy’s house, showering

praise and compliments. Do not covet another’s wealth. Never hurt the feelings of

others with harsh words.

Covet = long to possess

Moral : A truly cultured man never hurts the feelings of others.

V




8. ™ê~° Ñ¨ Ù è Œ ~° ‡=Ú<£ q=∞Åã¨ « º=Ú ÉÏÑ¨ =Ú KÕ « ÉÁO‰õ ΩKÕ ÉÏ~° =Ú ÉÁO Œ ÖËHõ K≥_» ÉÏi# ≥ · # Ü« ∞=ã¨ ÷, Œ‰õ ∆ ΩÖˇ "åfi~° Å∞¿ÑHõ ∆ ¿ãã≤ ~° k "å~° ÅKÕ @QÆ ∞ QÍx è Œ ~° ‡x ™êÎ ~°Hõ =∞Ü«Úº ã¨ « º â◊ √Éè í ^•Ü« ∞Hõ =∞Ü« Úº#∞ ≥ ·= =ÚO_≥_» ∞<£.

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O Éè Ï=O : áêáêÅ∞ KÕÜ« ∞_»O =Å¡ ^è Œ~å‡xH, J|^•úÖÏ_»@O =Å¡ ã¨ åºxH˜ Ç x HõÅ∞æ « ∞O>Ë, Jk K« ∂ã¨ ∂ÎL¿ÑHõ ∆ KÕ ¿ã ã¨=∞~° ∞÷Å∞ `«=∞‰õ Ω `å"Õ ∞ KÕ@∞ ≥K« ∞Û‰õ ΩO\Ï~° ∞. ^≥ ·=O ^è Œ~å‡xfl, ã¨ åºxfl HÍáê_ç â◊ √Éè ÏÅ#∞Hõ eæã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : ^è Œ~å‡xfl, ã¨ åºxfl ~°H˜ ∆ ¿ãÎ Jq =∞#efl ~°H˜ ∆ ™êÎ~Ú.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ™ê~°Ñ¨ Ù è Œ~° ‡=Ú „âı+¨ ª "≥ ∞ÿ# è Œ~° ‡O† q=∞Åã¨ « º=Ú x~° ‡Å"≥ ∞ÿ# ã¨ « ºO† è Œ~° ‡ x™êÎ~°Hõ=∞Ü« Úº ^è Œ~å‡xfl L Œ úiOKÕkQÍ#∞† ã¨ « ºâ◊ √Éè í •Ü« ∞Hõ=∞Ü« Úº ´ ã`åºxH˜ "Õ ∞Å∞ Hõ eyOKÕk QÍ#∞.

Meaning : When wrongs are done, all that is right and good is harmed. Truth is always

harmed by all that is false. If there is no protest made when wrongs are committed,

they certainly destroy all the people who have remained silent. God protects all that is

right and true, to give prosperity and happiness to all.

Moral: If truth and justice are protected, they will in turn protect all.

V

9. X~° ∞ ÖËÜ« ∞q Ü≥ Ú#iOz# #~° =~° ! Ü« ∞„Ñ≤Ü« ∞=Ú Œ #=∞#O|∞#HõQÆ ∞ ^• <˘~° ∞Å‰õ Ω #q ¿ãÜ« ∞‰õ ΩxH˜ Ñ¨ ~åÜ« ∞=Ú Ñ¨ ~° =∞ è Œ ~° ‡Ñ¨ ä Œ =ÚÅ Ô HÅ¡ <£.

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O Éè Ï=O : W`«~° ∞Å∞ UO KÕ ¿ãÎ `«=∞‰õ Ω ÉÏ^è Œ HõÅ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞O^À, Jk ~Ú`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω KÕÜ« ∞‰õ ΩO_® =ÙO_»_» "Õ ∞Ñ~° "≥ ∂`« Î=∞"≥ ∞ÿ# ^è Œ~° ‡O. Jxfl è Œ~° ‡ âß¢™êÎÅ ™ê~åOâ◊q∞^Õ.

hu : Jxfl r=ÙÅ∞ h =O\˜ "Õ, J#∞H˘x „Ñ¨=iÎOK« ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : X~° ∞Å∞ ´ W`«~° ∞Å∞† Ñ~åÜ« ∞=Ú ´ „âı+¨ ªO

"åºMÏº#O : ^è Œ~° ‡=∞O>Ë ÜÕ ∞q∞\’ WHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. W`«~° ∞Å∞ Uq∞ KÕ ¿ãÎ `«# H+¨ ìO =ÙO_» À, Jk~Ú «~° ∞Å‰õ Ω å#∞ KÕÜ« ∞‰õ ΩO_® =ÙO_»_» "Õ ∞ Ñ~°=∞ è Œ~° ‡O. Wk Jxfl =∞`åÅ∞ UHõHõO~î °O`À è Œ~å‡xH K≥Ñ≤ Ê#x~° fiK«#O. nxx áê\Oz#@¡~Ú Õ Ö’HõOÖ’ ã≤ ÷~°âßOu ÜÕ ∞~° Ê_» ∞`« ∞Ok.




Meaning: If an action causes pain and suffering to one, he should take care that he

does not cause the same pain and suffering to others. This remains the essence of all

that is taught, by all holy faiths, all over the world.

Moral: Pain and suffering are the same to all. Before one hurts another, this should be

remebered by everyone.

V

10. rq « ÅH∆ Íºxfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥ >Ë ì =∞x JO@∞Ok „Ñ¨ uÑ¶ ¨ Å=Ú#∞ PtOÑHõ Ñ¶ ¨ Å=Ú bÜ« ∞=∞O@∞Ok

#_» =ÖË Œ ∞ QÍx =∞Oz #_» =_ç K« ∂Ñ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk "åQÍÌ <åÖò KÕÜ« ∞‰õ ΩO_» =~åÅ∞ ‰õ ΩiÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk ZO_» Ö’# `å#∞O_ç h_» h‰õ Ω Wã ∞ÎOk "å#Ö’# `å#∞ «_çã≤ Q˘_» ∞QÆ ∞ h‰õ Ω Ñ¨_» ∞ÎOkJkèHÍiH « Å=OK« Œ ∞ J<å ä Œ Å#∞ á⁄=∞‡# Œ ∞JO Œ ix Xˆ H su P Œ iOz K« ∂ã¨ ∞ÎOkHÀu H˘=∞‡Å∂Ñ≤ <å « ∞O@i ~åÖò qã≤ i<å

ÑO_ô ÑO_» x HÍÜ« ∞Å∞ |Ç ï=∞uQÍ Wã¨ ∞ÎOkã≤ ^•ú ~° ∞÷ x « # Ü≥ Ú_ç Ö’ |∞kúQÆ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO_» =∞x |∞ Œ ∞ú xQÍ LO_Õ ÖÏ! |∞kúQÆ ~° Ñ≤ ÑOÑ≤Ok.

– r=#w`åÅ∞

Éè Ï=O : rq`« ÅH∆ Íºxfl K≥@∞ì#∞ Ez =∞#O <Õ~° ∞ÛHÀ"åe. K≥@∞ì „Ñ¨uÑ¶ ÖÏxfl PtOK«‰õ ΩO_® Ñ¶ ÖÏÅ#∞Wã¨ ∞ÎOk. #_»=ÖË Œ ∞ QÍx =∞Oz #_»=_ç K« ∂Ñ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk. "åQÍÌ<åÅ∞ KÕÜ« ∞‰õ ΩO_» =~åeã¨ ∞ÎOk. ZO_»Ö’,

"å#Ö’ å#∞O_ç, JO ŒiH P„â◊Ü« ∞O Hõ eÊã¨ ∞ÎOk. JkèHÍ~° ∞Åx, J<å^ä ŒÅx å~° «=∞ºO K« ∂Ñ¨ Œ ∞. HÀ`« ∞Å∞,H˘O>ˇ ‰õ Ω„~° "åà◊ √¡, H˘=∞‡Å∂Ñ≤<å, ~åà◊ √¡ qã≤i<å "åà◊ ¡‰õ Ω `«# HÍÜ« ∞efl |Ç ï=∞uQÍ Wã¨ ∞ÎOk. |∞^Œ ∞úxH˜K≥@∞ì „HO^Œ<Õ *Ï<À^ŒÜ« ∞=∞~ÚOk.

hu : K≥@∞ì#∞ Jxfl\H© P^Œ~° ≈OQÍ „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK« ∞. J\˜ ì K≥@∞ì#∞ áÈ+≤Oz, Ñ¨ ÓlOKåe.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ÅHõ ∆ º=Ú ´ QÆ ∞i

Meaning: A tree shows the way as to how people should shape their attitudes. It

seeks no reward from anyone in return. It cannot walk, yet it shows the path of right

conduct. It showers benefits without holding out promises. It braves the rain and sun

while giving shade to others. It never bows low before the rich and powerful. It does




not shun the meek and the poor. Monkeys may shake its branches and naughty boys

may throw stones at it; but the tree in return gives them its fruit. Lord Buddha received

his enlightenment under a tree.

Shun = reject

Moral: Man can learn a great deal from the example a tree sets.

V

11. è Œ ~° ‡ =~° Î # ÖË x q^•º~° ˚ #=Ú‡ =∂#= « fi=Ú ÖË x q*Ï˝ # QÆ i=∞ „â◊ =∞=Ú ÖË‰õ ΩO_» =K≥ Û_» ∞ ãÖÑ¨ ŒÜ« Ú#∞ hu áê\OÑ¨ #\˜ ì "å˜ [º =$uÎ ™êfi~° ÷ Ñ¨ Ói « "≥ ∞ÿ #\˜ ì ãOÑ¶ ¨ ∞¿ã=JO « ~å « ‡ "≥ ∞K« Ûx q<À^•#∞Éè í ==Ú <åºÜ« ∞ ~° Ç≤ Ï « =∞~Ú# ~å[H©Ü« ∞ Ñ¨ Œ q Éè í ∂ « Å=Ú‡# ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê «Hõ =ÚÅ∞.

– =∞Ç¨ `å‡QÍOnè ã¨ ∂H˜ Î

Éè Ï=O : ^è Œ~° ‡ =~° Î# ÖË‰õ ΩO_® q^Œ º#Éè í ºã≤OK«_»O, =∂#=`« fiO ÖË‰õ ΩO_» âßG q*Ï˝<åxfl LÑÜ≥ ∂yOK«_»O,„â◊=∞Ñ¨_»‰õ ΩO_® LáêÜ« ∞O`À ^è Œ<åxfl PiOK«_»O, hu áê\ÕK«‰õ ΩO_» "åºáê~°O KÕÜ« ∞_»O, ™êfi~° ÷O`ÀãÖÑ¶ ¨ ∞¿ã= KÕÜ« ∞_»O, JO`«~å «‡ = ŒÌO@∞<åfl ~Ú`«~° ∞Å#∞ Ç≤ ÏOã≤Oz P#O^ŒO á⁄O^Œ_»O, <åºÜ«∞OÖË‰õ ΩO_» ~å[H©Ü« ∂Å∞ #_»Ñ_»O – J<Õ D ÜÕ ∞_» ∞ ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê «HÍÅ∞. D áê «HÍÅ#∞ Z=fi~° ∂ KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

hu : =∞# Ö’áêÅ∞ ã=∂*ÏxH âßáêÅ∞ HÍ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞ Hõ#∞Hõ „Ñu"å~° ∞ «=∞ Ö’áêÅ#∞ `˘ÅyOK« ∞HÀ"åe.

1. q^•ºi÷ q^Œ º`À áê@∞ ã¨ ¢`« Ê=~° Î# JÅ=~° ∞ÛHÀ"åe. ãOÑ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’ =∞Oz áœ~° ∞_» ∞QÍ Z^ŒQÍe. ã¨ ¢`« Ê=~° Î#ÖËx q^•ºÉè ÏºãO ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê`«HõO.

2. q*Ï<åxfl Ö’Hõ HõàÏºÏxH˜ LÑÜ≥ ∂yOKåe. q^è Œ fiO™êxH HÍ^Œ ∞. J∞ ~° Ç¨ Ï™êºÅ#∞ =∂#=Ù_» ∞`≥Å∞ã¨ ∞H˘<åfl_» ∞. •x`À P@OÉÏO|∞Å∞ «Ü« ∂~° ∞KÕã≤ q^è Œ fiO™êxfl ã¨ $+≤ ìã¨ ∞Î<åfl_» ∞. Wk ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê`«HõO.

3. „Ñu =ºH˜ Î „â◊=∞Ñ¨_ç, è Œ~° ‡|^Œ úOQÍ è Œ<åxfl JiOKåe. å#∞ „â◊=∞Ñ_»‰õ ΩO_® W`«~° ∞Å „â◊=∞#∞ ÀK« ∞H˘x "åix #ëêìÅ áêÅ∞ KÕã≤ J<åºÜ« ∞OQÍ _»|∞ƒ ãOáêkOK«_»O ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê`«HõO.

4. "å[ºO Õâ◊O Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ Pi÷Hõ ãOÑ¨ Œ#∞ ÃÑOá⁄OkOK«_®xH J=ã~°O. JO^Œ ∞Ö’ hux áê\ÕKåe.^è Œ~°ÅÖ’ « ∂HÍÅÖ’ "≥ ∂ãO KÕã≤ "åºáê~°O ™êyOK«_»O ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê`«HõO.




5. ãOÑ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’x x~° ∞¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õ Ω, J<å^ä ŒÅ‰õ Ω ¿ã= KÕÜ« ∂e. Jk x™êfi~° ÷OQÍ =ÙO_®e. ¿ã= =Úã¨ ∞QÆ ∞Ö’™⁄O`« ÖÏÉè ÏÅ#∞ á⁄O^Œ_»O ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê`«HõO.

6. q<À^ŒO =∂#= rq`åxH J=ã~°O. HÍx Jk ~Ú «~° ∞Å‰õ Ω ÉÏ^è Œ Hõ eyOK«‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. JO`«óHõ~° O^•xx JOwHõiOKåe. JÖÏ HÍ‰õ ΩO_® W`«~° ∞Å#∞ ÉÏkèOz q<À^•xfl J#∞Éè íqOK«_»O ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê`«HõO.

7. ^è Œ~° ‡O, <åºÜ« ∞O`À ‰õ Ä_ç# áêÅ# „Ñ¨[Å‰õ Ω JOkOK«_»O „ÑÉè í ∞`« fiO ÉÏ^è Œ º`«. J\˜ ì áêÅ##∞ JOkOKÕ~å[H©Ü« ∞ <åÜ« ∞‰õ ΩÅ∞ ã¨ pÛùÅ∞Ô ~· =ÙO_®e. ã¨ pÛùÅOÖËx ~å[H©Ü« ∞ Ñ¨ Œq ™êOÑ¶ ≤ ∞Hõ áê`«HõO. U áœ~° ∞_» ∞QÍx ~Ú\˜ ì áê`«HÍÅ‰õ Ω X_çQÆ@ì‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: Acquiring education without right conduct, pursuing science without human

values, earning easy money without working hard for it, earning from business without

ethics, engaging in social work for selfish reasons, seeking pleasure against the dictates

of conscience, participating in public life and politics without morality and justice, allremain as the seven unpardonable sins against society.

Moral : All efforts should be made to wipe out the faults within one self, before

undertaking work to serve society.

V

12. Jey# #Å∞QÆHõ Ü≥ ∞QÆ ∞æ Å∞ Ñ¨ eH˜ # =∞i q#xÜ« ∞@¡ „Ñ¨ u=K« #O|∞Öò =Å∞HõHõ |#fl=Ú=_ç Ü≥ ∞ Œ Œ ÅÑHõ Ü« Ú#fl «_» K« ∂"≥ è Œ ~° ‡A_ç Å<£.

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O

ÉèÏ=O : XHõ~°∞ `«# g∞^Œ Jey<å, `å#∞ JÅ∞QÆ‰õΩO_® =ÙO_®e. `«##∞ xOkOz#Ñ¨C_»∞ P

xO^•"åHÍºÅ#∞ qhq##@∞¡O_®e. å#∞ J==∂xOÑ|_®¤, HõÅ`« K≥O^Œ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. J\˜ ì "åx<Õ è Œ~° ‡A_»x ÃÑ^Œ ÌÅO\Ï~° ∞.

hu : ^è Œ~° ‡O `≥ eã≤#"å_» ∞ ã¨ Ç¨ Ï#O Hõ ey =ÙO_®e.

J~å÷ Å∞ : JÅ∞Hõ ´ HÀÑ¨O† ZQÆ ∞æÅ∞ ´ Œ ∂+¨ Å∞, u@∞¡ † |#fl=Ú ´ J==∂#O† `«ÅHõHõ ´ Éè íÜ« ∞Ñ_»Hõ

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» è Œ~° ‡A˝ ˜ ‚ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. XHõ~° ∞ HÀÑy¿ãÎ uiy HÀÑ¨yOK«x"å_» ∞, XHõ~° ∞ Œ ∂+≤ ¿ãÎ,

P ^Œ ∂+¨ "å‰õ Ω¯Å∞ qhq##@∞¡O_ç uiy ^Œ ∂+≤OK«x"å_» ∞. `å#∞ Éè íOQÆáê@∞ K≥Ok<å, U =∂„`«OÉÏ è ŒÑ_»x"å_» ∞ ^è Œ~° ‡A_»x ÃÑ Œ ÌÅO\Ï~° ∞. =∞#O J\˜ ì ^è Œ~° ‡AÅ∞ HÍ=_®xH „ÑÜ« ∞uflOKåe.




Meaning: One should remain calm when someone goes against him. He should turn a

deaf ear to the abuses hurled at him. He should not react if he is insulted. Such a man is

a true, just and wise.

Hurl = throw

Moral: A true and a just man should have a great deal of patience.

V

13. =Úã¨ e « e¡ ŒO„_ç "≥ ÚQÆ "≥ ∞ÿ # K« ∂_»Hõ, =∞ã¨ Å∞K« ∞#fl =QÆ Å=∂i H˘_» ∞Hõ ! =Úã¨ e « #=Ú h‰õ Ω =ÚO Œ ∞#fl ≥ ~° ∞QÆ ∞=Ú =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : « e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å∞ =$^Œ ∞úÖˇ · =ÙO>Ë, "åix „¿Ñ=∞`À K« ∂_»‰õ ΩO_®, =QÆÅ∞Ñ¨_Õ ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞_» ∞ XHõ q+Ü« ∞O`≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ"åe. J`«_» ∞ ‰õ Ä_® XHõ<å_» ∞ =Úã¨ e"å_»=Ù`å_» ∞. J`«x Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ ‰õ Ä_» J`« ˜ ‚ „¿Ñ=∞`À K« ∂_»~° ∞.

hu : =Úã¨ e `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å#∞ „¿Ñq∞OK« ∞. "åºMÏº#O : `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å#∞ „¿Ñq∞OK«_»O ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞x ^è Œ~° ‡O. =Úã¨ e`«#OÖ’ "åiH ¿ã=KÕÜ« ∞_»O J «xÉÏ è Œ º`«. P ÉÏ è Œ º`«#∞ =∞~° z# ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞_˘Hõ q+Ü« ∞O QÆ ∞~° ∞ÎOK« ∞HÀ"åe. J`«_» ∞ ‰õ Ä_» XHõ<å_» ∞ =$ Œ ∞ú_Ò`å_» ∞.JÑ¨ C_» «x ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞_» ∞ J`«xH ¿ã= KÕÜ« ∞HõáÈ`Õ, Hõ eˆ Q ÉÏ^è ŒÜ≥ ∞\˜ ì À J`«xH `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: Parents should be taken care of in their old age by their sons. They should

never be left alone and unloved, or feel abandoned. The son should realize that one

day he too will be old and infirm and his children may abandon him too.

Abandon = desert, fosake responsibility

Infirm = weak

Moral: It is the duty of children to take care of old parents and give them love.

V




14. #~° ∞x w « g∞ Œ #_» K« ∞#∞ á⁄QÆ |O_ç, *Ïu #_» K« ∞, |∞∞+ µÅ w « g∞ Œ, w « ^•\˜ ˆ ~x H©_» ∞ Ô ~O_çO\H˜ =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O Éè Ï=O : #~° ∞_» ∞ "Õã≤# Ñ\ÏìÅ w « g∞ Œ, á⁄QÆ|O_ç #_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. =∞# „áêp# |∞∞+¨ µÅ∞ "Õã≤# è Œ~å‡Å w`«g∞ Œ, *Ïu #_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. WO Œ ∞Ö’ Z=~° ∞ w`« ^•\<å „Ñ=∂^ŒO ãOÉè íqã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍ|\˜ ì =∞#O ^è Œ~° ‡ =∂~° æOÖ’ #_» "åe. JÑ¨ C_Õ =∞# rq`«O ã¨ ∞YâßO`« ∞Å`À #_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : ^è Œ~° ‡ =∂~° æOÖ’<Õ =ÙOk *Ïu Éè íq+¨ º`« ∞Î.

"åºMÏº#O : „Ñu *ÏuH ÖË • =∞`åxH "åi „Ñ¨=Hõ Î „Ñ=zOz# è Œ~° ‡ âßGO =ÙO@∞Ok. P è Œ~° ‡ âßGOÖ’K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_ç# hu xÜ« ∞=∂Å#∞ P *Ïu ÖË • =∞`«O "å~° ∞ J#∞ãi™êÎ~° ∞. J#∞ãiOK«HõáÈ Õ P *Ïu ÖË •=∞`«O „Éè í+¨ ì=∞ø`« ∞Ok. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω =∞#O Ô ~·Å∞ |O_ç g∞^Œ „ÑÜ« ∂OK«_®xH W#∞Ñ Ñ\ÏìÅ∞ <ÕÅ g∞ Œay™êÎ=Ú. Ô ~·Å∞ |O_ç P Ñ\ÏìÅ g∞^Œ #_ç z#O`« HÍÅO H∆ =∞OQÍ QÆ=∞ºO KÕ~° ∞‰õ ΩO@∞Ok. Ñ\ÏìÅ∞ «Ñ≤ Ê`ÕJk „HO^Œ Ñ_çáÈ~Ú =ÚHõ ¯Ö∫`« ∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ ì ^è Œ~å‡xfl `«Ñ≤ Ê K«iOKÕ "å~° ∞ Ñ¨ «#=∞ø`å~° ∞.

Meaning: A train runs on the rails laid by man. Society moves on the guidelines laid

down by the wise sages of the past. If these guidelines are not observed, great harm

and destruction can be caused. Hence all men have to choose the righteous path in lifeto bring joy and happiness to all.

Righteous = upright, honest, virtuous.

Moral: The future of all mankind depends on the path of truth and justice.

V




2. hu Ñ¨ Œ úu

15. #=fi‰õ Ωg∞ ã¨ Éè í Ö’Ñ¨ Å #=fi‰õ Ωg∞ « e¡ ŒO„_ç <å ä Œ ∞Å`À_» <£ #=fi‰õ Ωg∞ Ñ¨ ~°ã¨ u`À #=fi‰õ Ωg∞ q„Ñ¨ =~° ∞Å, #Ü« ∞q∞k ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : Ñ¨ Œ ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞#fl ãÉè íÖ’ #=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å =ÚO^Œ ∞, ÃÑ· JkèHÍ~° ∞Å =ÚO^Œ ∞ #=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.Ñ~° ¢ã‘ Îx K« ∂z #=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. q^•ºkè‰õ ΩÖˇ ·# ÃÑ Œ ÌÅ =ÚO Œ ∞ #=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. #=Ùfi <åÅ∞QÆO^•Å KÕ@∞ J<åfl~° ∞

ÃÑ^Œ ÌÅ∞. ã=∞Ü« ∞O ãO^Œ~åƒùÅ∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_® #=fi_»O W «~° ∞Å#∞ J==∂xOz#@¡=Ù « ∞Ok. Jk =∞OzãO„Ñ¨ •Ü« ∞O HÍ^Œ ∞.

hu : JãO^Œ~° ƒùOQÍ #=fi‰õ Ω, PÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ H˘x`≥K« ∞ÛHÀ‰õ Ω.

J~å÷ Å∞ : <å^ä Œ ∞_» ∞ ´ „ÑÉè í ∞=Ù, JkèHÍi† Ñ~° ãu ´ Ñ~° ¢ã‘ Î † q„Ñ=~° ∞Å∞ ´ „ÉÏÇ¨ Ï‡∞Å∞

"åºMÏº#O : #=Ùfi =∂#=ÙxH ^≥ ·=q∞zÛ# =~°O. [O`« ∞=ÙÅ∞ #=fiÖË=Ù. #=Ùfi Z<Àfl q è •Å∞. z~° ∞#=Ùfi,P#O^ŒÑ¨ Ù #=Ùfi, q+Ñ¨ Ù #=Ùfi, Éè íÜ« ∞OHõ~° "≥ ∞ÿ# #=Ùfi, "≥H˜ e #=Ùfi ÖÏO\˜q. ¿ãflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞Å#∞, Pf‡Ü« ÚÅ#∞K« ∂z#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ #"Õ fik z~° ∞#=Ùfi. ^•x "≥#∞Hõ „¿Ñ=∂#∞~åQÍÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. Ç¨ ™Èº‰õ ΩÎÅ∞ q#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ #"Õ fik

P#O^ŒÑ¨ Ù #=Ùfi. |^Œ ú â◊„`« ∞=Ùefl K« ∂z#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ #"Õ fik q+Ñ¨ Ù #=Ùfi. •x "≥#∞Hõ HÀÑO, Õ fi+O =ÙO\Ï~Ú.q~À^è Œ ∞ÅÃÑ· ^•_ç KÕã≤#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ #"Õ fik Éè íÜ« ∞OHõ~° "≥ ∞ÿ# #=Ùfi. ^•x<Õ qHõ\Ï@ì Ç¨ ãO JO\Ï~° ∞. ^•x "≥#∞Hõ„Ñ¨fHÍ~°ÉèÏ=O, JÇ¨ÏOHÍ~°O =ÙO\Ï~Ú. Ñ≤zÛÑ¨\˜ ì#Ñ¨C_»∞ #"Õfik "≥H˜e #=Ùfi. #=ÙfiÅ‰õΩã=∞Ü« ∞ãO^Œ~åƒùÅ∞<åfl~Ú. Ñ¨ Œ ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞#fl ãÉè íÖ’ JHÍ~° OQÍ #=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. P #=Ùfi JHõ ¯_» ∞#fl "åixJ==∂xOz#@∞¡ J=Ù « ∞Ok. « e¡, «O„_ç, „ÑÉè í ∞=Ù =ÚO^Œ ∞ #=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. Jk "åix JQ“~°= Ñiz#@∞¡J=Ù`« ∞Ok. Ñ~°HÍO « =ÚO Œ ∞ #qfi`Õ Jk Jáê~å÷xH ^•ifã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍ|\˜ ì #"Õ fi =ÚO^Œ ∞ h"≥Hõ ¯_»=Ù<åfl"À, ãO^Œ~° ƒù "Õ ∞q∞\’ `≥ eã≤H˘x #"åfie.

Meaning: One should never be seen laughing in the presence of a formal gathering,

parents or higher authorities. Neither should one be seen laughing in the company of a

woman. One should be careful not to make fun of scholars. Laughing at the wrong time

or at a wrong place, can be misunderstood as an insult to those present. Such behavior

is not acceptable in a cultured society.

Moral: Do not invite trouble by laughing at wrong moments. They give rise to

misunderstandings.

V




16. Ñ¨ ~° <ås ™È Œ ~° ∞_≥ · Ñ¨ ~° è Œ #=ÚÅHÍã¨ Ñ_»Hõ, Ñ¨ ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω Ç≤ Ï « ∞_≥ · Ñ¨ ~° ∞Å∞ Œ #∞ ÉÁQÆ_» <≥QÆ_»Hõ Ñ¨ ~° ∞Åey#, #Å∞QÆ # «_» ∞ Ñ ~° =Ú_» ∞ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : Ñ~°HÍO «#∞ ™È ŒiQÍ K« ∂¿ã"å_» ∞, Ñ~° ∞Å ™⁄=Ú‡‰õ Ω Pâ◊Ñ_»x "å_» ∞, Ñ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω Ç≤ Ï`« "≥ ∞ÿ# HÍ~åºÅ∞KÕ ¿ã"å_» ∞, Ñ~° ∞Å∞ á⁄QÆ_ç Õ á⁄OyáÈx "å_» ∞, Ñ~° ∞Å∞ HÀÑy¿ãÎ HÀÑyOK«x"å_» ∞ Ñ~° "≥ ∂`« Î=Ú_»x ÃÑ Œ ÌÅO\Ï~° ∞.

hu : Ñ~ÀÑHÍiÜÕ ∞ Ñ~° "≥ ∂`« Î=Ú_» ∞. 'Ñ~ÀÑ¨HÍ~åÜ« ∞ Ñ¨ ÙºO, Ñ~åÑHÍ~åÜ« ∞ áêÑO— J#flk Q˘Ñ¨ Ê ã¨ ∂H˜ Î.JO>Ë Ñ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞_»O =Å¡ Ñ¨ ÙºO Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk. H©_» ∞ KÕÜ« ∞_»O =Å¡ áêÑO =ã¨ ∞ÎO^Œx J~° ÷O.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Jey# ´ HÀÑ≤Oz#† <≥QÆ_»Hõ ´ LaƒáÈHõ † Ñ~°=Ú_» ∞ ´ „âı+¨ µª_» ∞

Meaning: A truly virtuous man is one who treats all women other than his wife, assisters. He never covets others’ possessions. He helps everyone, never elates to flattery

and does not react to others’ anger towards him.

elate = á⁄OyáÈ=Ù† flattery = á⁄QÆ_» Î

Moral: A truly virtuous man is one who lives and works for others’ welfare. “Helping

others is a virtue. Harming others is a sin” This is a very true statement.

V

17. =∂@‰õ Ω „ÉÏ=Ú ã « º=ÚHÀ@‰õ Ω „ÉÏO|∞ ã¨ ∞Éè í @HÀ\˜ è Œ i„u<£ É’\H „áê=Ú =∂#=Ú p\H „áêO|∞ „"åÅ∞ ã≤ Œ ú =Ú ã ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : XHõiH =∂@~Ú¿ãÎ ã¨ « ºO `«Ñ¨ Ê‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. ã¨ « º"Õ∞ =∂@‰õ Ω „áêO. XHõ HÀ@#∞ ~°H˜∆ OKÕk=∞OzÉè í@∞Å∞. "åˆ ~ HÀ@‰õ Ω „áêO, XHõ ¢ã‘ Î `«# =∂<åxfl HÍáê_» ∞H˘#_» "Õ ∞ P"≥ ∞‰õ Ω „áêO. XHõ p\˜x„"å¿ãÎ JO^Œ ∞Ö’ =ÙO_Õ KÕ„"åÖË ^•xH „áêO. P „áêÏÅ#∞ HÍáê_» ∞H˘#_» "Õ ∞ hu=∂~° æO.

hu : =∂@‰õ Ω ã¨ « º=Ú, HÀ@‰õ Ω =∞OzÉè í@∞Å∞, ¢ã‘ ÎH =∂#=Ú, p\H KÕ„"åÅ∞ „áêO ÖÏO\˜q.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ã¨ ∞Éè í@∞Å∞ ´ =∞Oz Éè í@∞Å∞† É’\ ´ ¢ã‘ Î

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» =∂@‰õ Ω =ÙO_Õ qÅ∞=#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Z=fiiH ‰õ Ä_» =∂@ ~Ú=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.W¿ãÎ ^•xH Hõ@∞ì|_ç =ÙO_®e. nx<Õ ã¨`« ºO JO\Ï~° ∞. =∂@‰õ Ω ã¨`« ºO „áêO. XHõ HÀ@#∞ â◊„`« ∞=ÙÅ#∞O_ç HÍáê_®ÅO>Ë ã¨ ∞tH˜ ∆ « ∞Öˇ ·# Éè í@∞Å∞ J=ã~°O. "å~° ∞ ÖËHõáÈ`Õ HÀ@ Ñ~° ∞Å áêÅ=Ù`« ∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ì=∞Oz Éè í@∞Å∞ HÀ@‰õ Ω „áêO. ¢ã‘ Î `«##∞ `å#∞ J`åºKå~åÅ∞ KÕ ¿ã "åi #∞O_ç ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞H˘<Õ â◊H˜ Î Hõ ey




=ÙO_®e. J^Õ ¢ã‘ ÎH „áêO. XHõ =ºH˜ Î L`« Î~åxfl |O^è Œ ∞=ÙÅ‰õ Ω ÖË • q∞„`« ∞Å‰õ Ω „"åÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û. JO^Œ ∞Ö’Z<Àfl =∞Oz q+¨Ü« ∂Å∞O_»=K« ∞Û. JO^Œ ∞Ö’ J`«x KÕ„"åÅ∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO>Ë P q+¨Ü« ∂Å‰õ Ω qÅ∞= =ÙO_» Œ ∞.HÍ|\˜ ì p\H KÕ„"åÅ∞ „áêO.

Meaning: Truth in the spoken word, loyal soldiers to defend a fort, virtue in a woman

and the acknowledgement of the written word are vital.

Moral: Standing by one’s word, having brave soldiers to defend a fort, self-respect to

a woman and the acknowledgement found in a letter are vital, like the life-force.

V

18. ÖÏ=Ù QÆ Å"åxHõO>ˇ #∞ Éè ÏqOÑQÆ huÑ¨ ~° ∞_» ∞ |Å=O « ∞O_Ò „QÍ=O|O « QÆ [O|∞#∞ =∂=\ "å_≥H˜ ¯#@∞¡ =∞Ç≤ ÏÖ’ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : ^Õ Ç¨ Ï |ÅO HõÅ"åx HõO> |∞kú|ÅO QÆÅ"å_» ∞ |Å=O`« ∞_» ∞. H˘O_»O`« â◊s~°O QÆÅ U#∞QÆ ∞<≥H˜ ¯ z#fl =∂=\©_» ∞ `«# |∞kú|ÅO`À #_çÑ≤™êÎ_» ∞ QÆ •!

hu : ÉÏÇ¨ ï|ÅO HõO>Ë |∞kú|ÅO Q˘Ñ¨ Êk.

J~å÷ Å∞ : „QÍ==Ú ´ H˘O_» † QÆ[=Ú ´ U#∞QÆ ∞ "åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» hu Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê^Œ<åxfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ˆ H=ÅO Õ Ç¨ Ï|ÅO HõÅ"åx HõO>ËhuÑ¨~° ∞_» ∞ |Å=O`« ∞_» ∞. =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «Ü« Ú^Œ úOÖ’ Õ Ç¨ Ï|ÅO Hõ ey# #∂~° ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞ H“~°=ÙÅ∞, hu |ÅOHõ ey# S^Œ ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞ áêO_»=ÙÅ KÕuÖ’ F_çáÈÜ« ∂~° ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω H˘O_»O`« â◊s~°O Hõ ey# U#∞QÆ ∞#∞XHõ z#fl =∂=\©_» ∞ `«# |∞kú|ÅO`À #_çÑ≤ã¨ ∞Î<åfl_» ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì, Ñ¨â◊ √|ÅO`À QÍ^Œ ∞ hu |ÅO`À =∞#OHÍ~åºÅ#∞ ™êkèOKåe.

Meaning: Brain is always superior to brawn. The elephant despite its huge size remainsobedient to the mahout who rides on it and controls it.

Brawn = muscle, strength

Moral: An intelligent man is always stronger than a man of muscle.

V




19. q# ŒQÆ ∞ <≥ =fi~° ∞ ÃãÑ≤ Ê# qx#O « <≥ "ÕQÆ Ñ_»Hõ q=iOÑ¨ ŒQÆ ∞<£QÆ x Hõ Å¡ x[=Ú Öˇ iy# =∞#∞A_≥ áÈ huÑ¨ ~° ∞_» ∞ =∞Ç≤ ÏÖ’ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : Z=fi~° ∞ K≥Ñ≤ Ê<å, P =∂@efl „â◊ Œ úQÍ q<åe. q#fl «~åfi`« `˘O Œ~°Ñ_»‰õ ΩO_» qKåiOz q=~åÅ∞`≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ"åe. Ö’`« ∞Ö’¡H "≥o¡ JO^Œ e x*Ïxfl `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀQÆÅ"å_Õ huÑ~° ∞_» ∞.

hu : F~° ∞Ê`À, <Õ~° ∞Ê`À f~° ∞Ê K≥ ¿ÑÊ"å_Õ huÑ~° ∞_» ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ¯_» Z=_»∞ huÑ¨~°∞_À K≥Ñ¨Ê|_çOk. ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ =ÚO^Œ∞ `«=∞ Hõ+¨ì ã¨∞MÏÅ#∞ QÆ∂iÛ,<åºÜ« ∂<åºÜ« ∂Å#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ, ZO^Œ~À q#flqOK« ∞H˘O\Ï~° ∞. z#fl ÃÑ^Œ Ì J<Õ Éè Ë ŒO ÖË‰õ ΩO_» P q#fláêefl qx, `˘O^Œ~°áê@∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_», x+¨ÊHõ ∆áê`«OQÍ qKåiOz, x[O `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘x, f~° ∞Ê K≥Ñ¨ ÊQÆey#"å_Õhu=∞O`« ∞_» ∞.

Meaning: It is wise to listen carefully to others. Without haste, one should think about

what he has heard and gather enough information. After a deep and careful examination

of all the facts he should arrive at a conclusion that is fair and impartial. A man who does

this is a man of truth and integrity.

Integrity = honesty

Moral: A man of honour is one who gives a patient hearing, examines fairly and justly

and then arrives at a conclusion.

V

20. fÜ« ∞x Ñ¨ ^•~° ÷ "≥ ÚHõ_ç "Õ, u#QÆ É’‰õ Ω

Ju ä Œ ∞Å‰õ Ω =ÚO Œ ∞ÃÑ\˜ ì h"å~° yOK« ∞, "≥ · iÜ≥ ÿ ∞# h~ÚO\H =zÛ#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ Lz « =∞~åº Œ ÖÁ#iOK« ∞, "≥ ∂i‡`À_».

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : WHõ ¯_» Pu ä Œ º ^è Œ~å‡xfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Jukä Õ "ÀÉè í= J<åfl~° ∞ ÃÑ^Œ ÌÅ∞. JO>Ë Jukäx^Õ=ÙxÖÏ Éè ÏqOK«=∞x J~° ÷O. h KÕuÖ’ XHõ fÑ≤ Ñ¨ •~° ÷=ÚO>Ë •xx XHõ ¯_ç "Õ Éè í ∞lOK«‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. Ñ¨ Œ ∞QÆ ∞i`ÀHõ eã≤ Éè í ∞lOKåe. Ju^ä Œ ∞Å∞ u#fl `«~åfi`«<Õ, h=Ù Éè ’OKÕÜ« ∂e. q~ÀkèÜ≥ ÿ ∞#"å_» ∞ ‰õ Ä_» h ~ÚO\H =¿ãÎF~° ∞Ê`À ã¨HõÅ =∞~åº^ŒÅ∞ KÕã≤ ÑOáêe. Wk =∞# ã¨O„Ñ¨ •Ü« ∞O. WO^Œ ∞=Å¡ ã=∂[OÖ’ Ñ~°ã¨ Ê~°„¿Ñ=∂#∞~åQÍÅ∞ ÃÑiy, rq «OÖ’ P#O ŒO "≥ e¡qiã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : Jukäx ^Õ=ÙxQÍ Éè ÏqOK« ∞.




J~å÷ Å∞ : P~°yOK« ∞ ´ u#∞† "≥ ·i ´ q~Àkè † Fi‡ F~° ∞Ê

Meaning: This verse is about the duties of a host towards his guest. A guest should be

honoured as if he is divine. A sweetmeat in hand should never be eaten alone. It should

be served to others first. The rules of a perfect host should be observed carefully even

if an enemy were to be the guest. This is the culture of this country. Such behavior

makes love and brotherhood grow in society spreading joy and happiness all around.

Sweet meat = q∞~î å~Ú

Moral: A guest is to be treated as a divine visitor.

V

21. "≥ Åk, E ŒO|∞, áê#O|∞, "Õ @, Ñ¨ Å∞‰õ Ω „Ñ¨ Å¡ ŒO|∞#∞, ŒO_»O|∞ |~° ∞ã¨ Œ #=Ú ™⁄=Ú‡ x¢+¨ ÊÜ≥ ∂[#=ÚQÆ ==Ú‡ ¿ã «Ü« ∞<≥_» ∞ ã Ñ¨ Î =ºã¨ #=ÚÅ [# Œ ∞ «QÆ ∞Å.

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O

Éè Ï=O : ¢ã‘ Î Ö’Å`« fiO, E^Œ=∂_» ∞@, =∞^Œ ºáê#O, "Õ\Ï_» ∞@, Ñ~° ∞+OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_»_»O, Hõiî# ^ŒO_»#,

=$^è •QÍ ^è Œ<åxfl "≥ zÛOK«_»O J<Õq ãÑ¨ Î =ºã<åÅ∞. Z=fi~° ∞#∞ D =ºã<åÅ *’eH áÈ~å Œ ∞. hu : =∂#=Ù_» ∞ =ºã<åÅ‰õ Ω ^Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_®e.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ÑÅ∞‰õ Ω„ÑÅ¡ ŒO|∞ ´ K≥_» ¤QÍ =∂\Ï¡_»_»O† Ñ~° ∞ã¨ Œ#=Ú ´ Hõiî#`« fiO.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ãÑ¨ Î =ºã<åÅ#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ¢ã‘ ÎÅÃÑ· "åº"≥ ∂Ç¨ ÏO ÃÑOK« ∞HÀ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡HõÅÇ¨ ÖË~° Ê_» ∞`å~Ú. E^•ÅÖ’ áêÖÁæ#‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. •x =Å¡ è Œ# #+ ìO, =∂# #+ ìO [~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok. =∞^Œ ºáê#O

KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. Jk =∂#ã≤Hõ "≥ ∞ÿ#, âßs~°Hõ "≥ ∞ÿ# J<å~ÀQÍºxH •ifã¨ ∞ÎOk. [O`« ∞=ÙÅ#∞ "Õ\Ï_»‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.Jk r=Ç≤ ÏO™ê áêáêxfl JO@QÆ@∞ì « ∞Ok. Ñ~° ∞ëÈ‰õ ΩÎÅ∞ =∂\Ï¡_»QÆ ∂_» Œ ∞. Jq Ü≥ ∞^Œ ∞\˜ "åi =∞#ã¨ ∞û#∞<˘Ñ≤ Ê™êÎ~Ú. Z=iÔ H·##∞ qkèOz# ŒO_»# Hõiî#OQÍ =ÙO_»‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. á⁄~°áê@∞¡ KÕÜ« ∞_»O =∂#= ã¨ Ç¨ Ï[O.JO^Œ∞Hõx q∞u^•\˜ XHõxx ÉÏ^èŒÃÑ@ì_»O =∂#=`«fiO HÍ^Œ∞. ^èŒ<åxfl x¢+¨ÊÜ≥∂[#OQÍ =ºÜ«∞OKÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡ P è Œ#O J=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ# "åiH ŒHõ ¯‰õ ΩO_® áÈ`« ∞Ok. =∞x+≤, ~¸ ÜÕ ∞_» ∞ =ºã<åÅ‰õ Ω^Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO>Ë ãOÑ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’ ã¨ ∞YâßO`« ∞Å∞ <≥ÅH˘O\Ï~Ú.

Meaning: Womanizing, gambling, drinking, hunting, harsh speech, cruelty in punishment

and spending extravagantly are regarded as the seven vices. On should keep awayfrom them.

Moral: A good human being should guard against all these vices.

V




J~å÷ Å∞ : J#∞=Ù# ´ ã¨ ∞ÅÉè íOQÍ† «#∞=Ù ´ â◊s~°O.

"åºMÏº#O : =∞#ã¨∞û KåÖÏ ã¨∞xfl`«"≥∞ÿ#k. x+¨µª~°OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_ç# =∂@Å∞ "å_ç ÉÏÏÅ ÖÏQÍQÆ ∞K« ∞ÛH˘O\Ï~Ú. P ÉÏÏÅ#∞ Zxfl LáêÜ« ∂Å∞ Ñxfl<å ÖÏy"ÕÜ« ∞_»O ™ê è Œ ºO HÍ^Œ ∞. J^Õ â◊s~°OÖ’QÆ ∞K« ∞ÛH˘#fl ÉÏÏÅ#∞ ã¨ ∞ÅÉè íOQÍ fã≤ "ÕÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û. P QÍÜ« ∂Å#∞ =∂#Ê=K« ∞Û. Wk ^Œ $+≤ ìÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ìH˘x,

=∞#O Ñ~° ∞ëÈ‰õ ΩÎÅ∞ =∂\Ï¡_»‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.Meaning: It is easy to remove the arrows that have pierced the body. It is impossible

to remove the hurt of the harsh words that have pierced the heart.

Unsaid = without saying.

Moral: It is always wise to leave bitter words that hurt others, unsaid. Feelings that

are hurt, never heal.

V

24. ÅOK« q∞zÛ, JkèHõ ÖÏÉè í "≥ ÚO ≥_» ∞ "å_» ∞ x‰õ Ω¯==ÚQÆ ÃÑ Œ Ì <Õ ~°QÍ_» ∞J «_» ∞ ÖËHõÜ« Ú#fl JqhuÜÕ ∞ ÖË Œ ∞

=∞#ã¨ ∞û qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : ÅOK«O Ñ¨ ÙK« ∞ÛH˘<Õ "åx HõO>Ë, JkèHõ ÖÏÉè íO á⁄O^•Å<Õ Pâ◊ À ÅOK«O WKÕ Û"å_» ∞ ÃÑ^Œ Ì <Õ~°ã¨ ∞Î_» ∞.J`«_» ∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO>Ë, JãÅ∞ JqhuH KÀ@∞O_» Œ ∞.

hu : ÅOK«q∞KÕ Û "å_» ∞ "≥ Ú^Œ\ <Õ~°ã¨ ∞Î_» ∞ HÍQÍ ÅOK«O Ñ¨ ÙK« ∞ÛH˘<Õ "å_» ∂ <Õ~°ã¨ ∞Î_Õ.

"åºMÏº#O : JqhuH HÍ~° O H˘O^Œi ^Œ ∞~åâ◊. ^Œ ∞~åâßÑ~° ∞Å∞, <åºÜ« ∞q~° ∞^Œ úOQÍ `«=∞ HÍ~åºÅ#∞™êkèOK« ∞H˘x, ÖÏÉè íO á⁄O^•Åx, JkèHÍ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω ÅOK«q∞™êÎ~° ∞. JqhuÑ~° ∞Öˇ ·# JkèHÍ~° ∞Å∞ ÅOKåxH˜Pâ◊Ñ_ç, "åi Ñ¨xx QÆ ∞@∞ìQÍ KÕã≤ ÃÑ_» å~° ∞. WHõ ¯_» ÅOK«q∞KÕ Û"åx<Õ "≥ Ú^Œ\ <Õ~°ã¨ ∞Î_» ∞QÍ Éè ÏqOKåe.J`«_» ∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO>Ë, JqhuH JãÅ∞ KÀ@∞ÖË Œ ∞.

Meaning: The one, who offers a bribe for gain, is a greater offender than the one who

accepts a bribe. If there is no one to offer a bribe, corruption cannot exist at all. Good

advice needs to be heeded.

Heed = take notice

Moral: The one who offers bribe is the first offender, and the one who accepts the

bribe is the second offender.

V




Ü≥ ∂QÆOÖ’ „áê `åºQÆO KÕÜ« ∂e. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡ ã=∂[OÖ’ ™ê=∞~°ã¨ ºO U~° Ê_ç, ã≤ ÷~° "≥ ∞ÿ# ã¨ ∞YâßO`« ∞Å∞<≥ÅH˘O\Ï~Ú.

hu : U =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞Ö’ KÕÜ« ∂eû# Ñx P =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞Ö’ KÕÜ« ∂e.

J~å÷ Å∞ : q+Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞YO|∞Å∞ ´ WO„kÜ« ∞ ã¨ ∞MÏÅ∞Meaning: The sages of ancient times have laid down that children should acquire

education early, discharge their duties as householders in youth and accept a philosophical

attitude to life in their old age. Finally they should seek refuge in a peaceful death after

living a life of renunciation.

Refuge = shelter; renunciation = Ñi`åºQÆO

Moral: A man has to live as per the principles and guidelines given by the sages,suitable for every phase of life from birth to death.

V

27. Hõ #fl « e¡ «O„_ç Hõ ÅÇ≤ ÏOz q_ç áÈ= „¿Ñ=∞ ÖËHõ ÃÑ~° ∞QÆ ∞ Ñ≤ Å¡ eÑ¨ Ù_» ∞

<Õ ~°QÍO„_» Ö’# *Ë ~° ∞K« ∞O_ç i ã¨ ∞=∂ ÑQÆ, =∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’# ~°QÆ ∞Å∞K« ∞O_».

– =∂#= w «

Éè Ï=O : <Õ\ ã=∂[OÖ’ Éè Ï~åºÉè í~° ÎÅ∞ q_®‰õ ΩÅ∞ fã¨ ∞HÀ=_»O Z‰õ Ω¯==Ù`« ∞#flk. "åi Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ J<å^ä Œ è Œâ◊~° ÏÅÜ« ∂Å áêÖˇ ·, `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å „¿Ñ=∞‰õ Ω ^Œ ∂~° "≥ ∞ÿ ÃÑ~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞<åfl~° ∞. J\˜ ì Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ ãOÑ¶ ¨ ∞O g∞^Œ Hõã≤

ÃÑOK« ∞H˘x <Õ~°QÍO„_» ∞QÍ =∂iáÈ`« ∞<åfl~° ∞. nxx PÑHõáÈ`Õ Éè Ïq ã=∂[O „Éè í+¨ ì "≥ ∞ÿáÈ`« ∞Ok.

hu : `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å∞ q_çáÈ`Õ Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ K≥_çáÈ`å~° ∞.

Meaning: In modern times, society is moving towards radical changes. Differences

between parents are driving them towards divorce and separation. The children are

torn emotionally, denied parental love and security, and they grow up with burning hate

and bitterness in their hearts. They become antisocial and offenders against law. If this

trend is not checked the future of society is in danger.

Moral: A broken home destroys the future of the children.

V




3. q"Õ Hõ Ñ¨ Œ úu

29. "åã¨ #ÖË x Ñ Ù=Ùfi, |∞ è Œ =~° æ =Ú ÖË x Ñ¨ Ù~°O|∞, x « ºqâßfiã¨ =ÚÖË x Éè Ï~° º, QÆ ∞=O « ∞_» ∞ HÍx ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞_» ∞<£ ã¨ Œ Éè Ïºã¨ =Ú ÖË x q Œ º, Ñ iÇ¨ ã¨ „ÑãOQÆ =ÚÖË x "åHõ º=Ú<£ „QÍã¨ =ÚÖË x H˘Å∞fi H˘~°QÍxq ÃÑ=∞‡Ü« ∞ ã≤OQÆ nè =∞© !

– [Hõ ¯#

Éè Ï=O : WHõ ¯_» „ÑÜ≥ ∂[#O ÖËx q+Ü« ∂Å#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Z=fi~° ∞#∞ ã¨ ∞"åã# ÖËx Ñ¨ Ó=Ù#∞=Ú@∞ìH˘#~° ∞. ÑO_ç « ∞Å∞ ÖËx #QÆ~åxH áÈ~° ∞. qâßfiãO ÖËx Éè Ï~° º`À ãO™ê~°O KÕÜ« ∞ÖË~° ∞. |∞kú=∞O « ∞_» ∞QÍx ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞x`À "ÕQÆÖË~° ∞. JÉè ÏºãO ÖËx q^Œ º`À Ñ¶ ¨ e`åxfl á⁄O^ŒÖË~° ∞. ÑiÇ¨ ãO ÖËx „ÑãOQÍxfl ~Ú+¨ ìOQÍ q#ÖË~° ∞. uO_çH [~° ∞QÆx L^ÀºQÍxfl KÕÜ« ∞ÖË~° ∞. W\˜ ì „Ñ¨Ü≥ ∂[#Hõ~°O HÍx q+Ü« ∂Å #∞O_ç^Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_®e.

hu : =∞Oz ÖËx ^•xx ZOK« ∞HÀ=^Œ ∞Ì.

Meaning:- There are certain things which are of no use to anyone. A flower with no

fragrance, a city that has no intellectuals or scholars, a wife who has no trust in her

husband, a son of bad character, education without discipline and regular study, a speech

that is not dotted with wit and humour and service without adequate payment are useless.

Intellectual = thinker

Scholars = learned men

In adequate = not enough

Moral: Never choose anything that is not useful.

V

30. HÍˆ Hq∞ « #∞fl u>ˇ ì <≥?HÀH˜ Å è Œ #"Õ ∞q∞ « #∞fl QÀH˘=∞‡<≥ <Õ? Ö’Hõ =Ú ÑQÆÜ« ∞QÆ ∞, |~° ∞ã¨ x

"å‰õ Ω#, A@ì =∞QÆ ∞ =∞ è Œ ∞~° "åHõ º=Ú Hõ eq∞<£. – Kå@∞=Ù




Éè Ï=O : HÍH =∞#efl u@ìÖË Œ ∞. HÍx Hõ~° ‚ Hõ~î À~°OQÍ J~° ∞ã¨ ∞ÎO^Œx ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω ~åhÜ« ∞O. HÀHÅ =∞#‰õ Ω^è Œ#"Õ ∞q∞ W=fiÖË Œ ∞. HÍx =∞^è Œ ∞~°OQÍ áê_» ∞`« ∞O^Œx ~Ú+¨ ìÑ_» å~. JO>Ë Ö’HõO „Ñ≤Ü« ∞OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_Õ "åiH˜K« ∞@ì=∞ø`« ∞Ok. x+¨ µª~°OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_Õ "åiH q~Àkè J=Ù`« ∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ ì „Ñ≤Ü« ∞OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_»_»O =∞#OJÅ=~° ∞ÛHÀ"åe.

hu : <À~° ∞ =∞Oz^≥ · Õ, T~° ∞ =∞Ozk.

J~å÷ Å∞ : "å‰õ Ω ´ "å‰õ Ω¯, =∂@

Meaning:- A crow does not abuse anyone. Still no one loves or admires it. The cuckoo

does not shower wealth on anyone either, still it loved and favoured by all. Similarly,

people are drawn to a person whose speech is soft and gentle. It is equally true that

people shy away from those who speak harshly. One should always be careful to

speak in a caring and a pleasant manner.

Admire = have praise for

Shy = move back

Favoured = preferred.

Moral: A person is liked by all if his speech is soft and pleasant.

V

31. « # ~° Ç¨ Ïã¨ º=Ú <˘Hõ x`À #xÜ« Ú =∞~° Å x « ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω K≥ Ñ¨ Ê=Å Œ x ÃÇÏK« ÛiOK« ∞HõO>, K≥ Ñ¨ ÊHõÜ« ÚO_» ∞@ Hõ ~° =Ú "Õ ∞Å∞

<åÅ¯ ^•\˜ # =∂@Å∞ #QÆ ~° ∞ ^•@∞. – Œ ∞=Ófii ~åq∞Ô ~_ç ¤

Éè Ï=O : „Ñu =ºH˜ ÎH U"À ~° Ç¨ Ï™êºÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. P ~° Ç¨ Ï™êºÅ#∞ XHõi`À K≥Ñ≤ Ê, =∞~˘HõiH "å\x K≥Ñ¨ Ê= Œ Ì#@OHõO>Ë Jã¨Å∞ K≥Ñ¨ Ê‰õ ΩO_»_» "Õ ∞ ZO`À "Õ ∞Å∞. J\˜ ì ~° Ç¨ Ï™êºÅ∞ ^•QÆ=Ù, |Ü« ∞@Ñ_» ∞`å~Ú. '<åÅ¯ ^•\˜ Õ#QÆ~° ∞ ^•@∞`« ∞Ok— 'ÃÑ^Œq ^•\˜ Õ ÃÑ#fl ^•@∞ « ∞Ok— J<Õ ™ê"≥ ∞`«Å∞ JO^Œ ∞ˆ H Ñ¨ Ù\Ïì~Ú.

hu : Z=i ~° Ç¨ Ï™êºÅ#∞ "åi =^Œ Ì<Õ =ÙOK« ∞HÀ"åe.

Meaning:- It is usual for every person to have some secret or the other. It is better to

be wise and never share ones secrets with others, rather than confiding in them, and

then warning them not to tell others. Such secrets never remain secret, as the saying




goes “A secret that slips out of the tongue will slip out of the town too or anything that

crosses the lips will cross the river too.

Moral: A secret should always be kept closely guarded and never confided to others.

V

32. K« Œ ∞=Ù, ã¨ Œ ∞æ =Ú‡ ™œO Œ ~° º=Ú#fl\˜ ìHõ #º H˘~°‰õ Ω QÍHõ, Hõ @fl=Ú#‰õ Ω « #‰õ Ω `å<≥ J=Ú‡H˘<≥_» ∞"å_» q"ÕH˜ =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : K«^Œ ∞=Ù, ã¨ Œ ∞æ O, ™œO^Œ~° ºO =Ù#fl Hõ#º#∞ q"åÇ¨ ÏO KÕã¨ ∞HÀ‰õ ΩO_®, =~°Hõ@flO HÀãO, «##∞|*Ï~° ∞Ö’ J=Ú‡H˘x, Ü≥ ∞=i<À ÃÑo§ KÕã¨ ∞H˘<Õ "å_» ∞ Jq"ÕH. J`«_» ∞ ã¨O™ê~°OÖ’ ã¨ ∞dOK«ÖË_» ∞. ÃÑo§

Ô ~O_» ∞ P`« ‡Å HõÅ~ÚHõ. W^Œ Ìi =∞^è Œ º "åºáê~°O HÍ^Œ ∞.

hu : Hõ@flO fã¨ ∞H˘<Õ "å_» ∞ Jq"ÕH, JO>Ë `≥ eq`«‰õ Ω¯="å_» ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : q"åÇ¨ ÏO ¢ã‘ Î Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µÅ =∞^è Œ º Ñq„ « |O^è ŒO. Jk #∂ˆ ~O_» ¡ ÑO@. K« Œ ∞=Ù, ã¨ Œ ∞æ O,

™œO Œ~° ºO =Ù#fl =^è Œ ∞=Ù#∞ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_» ∞ ÃÑO_ç ¡ KÕã¨ ∞HÀ"åe. =~°Hõ@flO HÀãO HÍ Œ ∞. =~°Hõ@flO XHõ Œ ∞~åKå~°O.=~°Hõ@flO fã¨ ∞H˘#_»O Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_» ∞ «##∞ å#∞ JOQÆ_çÖ’ J=Ú‡HÀ=_»O =O\k. q"ÕHõO QÆÅ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_®ÑxKÕÜ« ∞QÆ ∂_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: A foolish man foregoes a bride who is well-educated, has good character,

and is beautiful too and chooses to marry a bride for a hefty dowry. He has sold himself

and can never lead a happy life. A marriage is the union of two individuals who choose

to lead a life together. It is not a business proposition.

Moral: Never marry for money.

V

33. „áê « Ö’<≥ ÖË Œ ∞ „áêâ◊ã¨ Îº=∞O «Ü« Ú „H˘ « ÎÜ≥ ∞Å¡ Ç¨ x ‰õ Ä~° ÊÉ’ Œ ∞

„H˘ « Î h~° ∞ ~åx HÀ<Õ ~° ∞ Ñã¨ Ô ~‰õ Ω¯ "åã¨ Î ==Ú‡ <å~° ¡ "åi =∂@!




Éè Ï=O : áê`« ≥ ·#O`«=∂„`å# XHõ =ã¨ ∞Î=Ù‰õ Ω „áêâ◊ã¨ Î ºO ~å^Œ ∞. H˘`« Î =ã¨ ∞Î=Ù =Å¡ Ç¨ x KÕ‰õ Ä~° Œ ∞. XHõHÀ<Õ~° ∞Ö’H H˘`« Î h~° ∞ ~åHõáÈ`Õ, Jk áêzÑ¨_» ∞`« ∞Ok. HõOÑ¨ Ù H˘_» ∞`« ∞Ok. H˘`« Î h~° ∞ Hõ eã≤#O^Œ ∞=Å¡ áê`«h~° ∞ x~° ‡Å=∞ø`« ∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ ì áê`« H˘ « ÎÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ#∞ =∞#O PÇ¨ fixOKåe.

hu : áê`« H˘ « ÎÅ "Õ ∞Å∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ =∞# ^è Õ ºÜ« ∞O HÍ"åe.

J~å÷ Å∞ : „áêâ◊ã¨ Î º=Ú ´ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«#O† Ñã~° ∞ ´ áêz

Meaning: Anything old need not necessarily be the best. Similarly anything that is

novel need not be harmful. If fresh water does not flow into the lake, the water stagnates

and becomes dirty and is green with moss. It begins to stink. Fresh water flowing in,

will make the water, clear and pure. Hence a judicious mixture of the old and the new

should be welcomed.

Stink = give out a foul smell.

Judicious = sensible

Moral: Always welcome a wise mixture of retaining what is of value in the old while

welcoming what is of value in the new.

V

34. Ñ¨ „uHõÜ≥ ÚHõ @∞#fl Ñ k"Õ Å Ãã· #º=Ú Ñ¨ „uHõÜ≥ ÚHõ@∞#fl q∞„ «HÀ\˜ „Ñ¨ [‰õ Ω ~°Hõ ∆ ÖË Œ ∞ Ñ¨„uHõ ÖË‰õ Ω#fl "åã¨ Î ==Ú‡ <å~° ¡ "åi =∂@.

Éè Ï=O : XHõ Ñ„uHõ =ÙO>Ë Jk Ñ¨k"ÕÅ Ãã·#ºO`À ã=∂#O. Jk „Ñ*Ïaè„áêÜ« ∂xfl =∞#‰õ Ω ≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk.Ñ„uHõ q∞„`« ∞_» ∞ ÖÏO\˜k. =∞#‰õ Ω ~°Hõ ∆ Hõ eÊã¨ ∞ÎOk. "å~åÎÑ„uHõ "å_çQÆÅ JHõ ∆ ~åÜ« Ú^è ŒO.

hu : Ñ„uHõ K« Œ=@O =∞Ozk. ^•x =Å¡ Ö’Hõ*Ï#O ÃÑ~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» "å~åÎÑ„uHõ LÑÜ≥ ∂QÍxfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Ñ„uHõ „Ñ*Ïaè„áêÜ« ∂xfl ZÑ¨ Ê\HõÑ¨ C_» ∞`≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. Jxfl q+Ü« ∂ÅÖ’ =∞#efl *ÏQÆ~° ∂‰õ Ωefl KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. XHõ Ñ„uHõ, Ñk"ÕÅ Ãã·#ºO`À ã=∂#O.#=∞‡Hõ "≥ ∞ÿ# q∞„ « ∞x ÖÏO\k. Ñ„uHõ ÖË‰õ ΩO>Ë =∞#‰õ Ω ~°Hõ ∆ =ÙO_»^Œ ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì â◊H˜ Î L#fl"åà◊ √¡ Ñ¨„uHõ#∞™ê÷Ñ≤Oz, #_»Ñ_»O J=ã~°O. â◊H˜ Î ÖËx "åà◊ √§ K«kq „ÑÜ≥ ∂[#O á⁄O^•e.




Meaning:- A newspaper is equal to an army of ten thousand. It is like a good friend.

People have no protection if they have no access to news. It reflects the news and the

opinions of the people.

Moral: Reading newspapers is a good habit. It increases both knowledge and awareness.

V

35. q Œ º Ü≥ ÚãQÆ ∞#∞ q#Ü« ∞O|∞† q#Ü« ∞=Ú##∞ |_»Ü« Ú ÉÏ„ « « áê„ « « =Å# è Œ #=Ú† è Œ #=Ú =Å##∞ è Œ ~° ‡O|∞ ^•x =Å# <≥ · Ç≤ ÏHÍ=Ú+≤ ‡Hõ ã¨ ∞YO|∞ ÅO Œ ∞ #~° ∞_» ∞.

– z#flÜ« ∞ã¨ ∂i hu K«O„kHõ Éè Ï=O : q^Œ º =Å# q#Ü« ∞O, q#Ü« ∞O =Å# Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`«, Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`« =Å¡ ^è Œ#O, ^è Œ#O =Å¡ ^è Œ~° ‡O =∞#‰õ ΩÅaè™êÎ~Ú. q Œ º =Å¡ WÇ¨ ÏÖ’HõOÖ’#∞ Ñ~°Ö’HõO Ö’#∞ =∞#O ™œMÏºÅ#∞ á⁄O^Œ ∞`å=Ú.

hu : WÇ¨ ÏÑ~åÅÖ’ ãHõÅ „âıÜ« ∞ã¨ ∞ûÅ‰õ Ω =¸ÅO q^Œ º.

J~å÷ Å∞ : áê„`« « ´ Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`« † SÇ≤ ÏHõ ´ WÇ¨ ÏÖ’Hõ † P=Ú+≤ ‡Hõ ´ Ñ~°Ö’Hõ

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» q^Œ º Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ „Ñ¨Ü≥ ∂[<åÅ#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. q Œ º q#Ü« ∂xflã¨ ∞ÎOk. q#Ü« ∞O=Å¡ Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`«, Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`« =Å¡ è Œ#O Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk. è Œ#O =Å¡ è Œ~å‡xfl PK«iOÑQÆÅ∞æ åO. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ WÇ¨ ÏÑ~°Ö’Hõã¨ ∞MÏÅ#∞ á⁄O ŒQÆÅO. HÍ|\˜ ì JO Œ~° ∂ q^Œ º#∞ JÉè í ºã≤OKåe.

Meaning: Education teaches a person to be modest. Modesty makes a person worthy.

A worthy man is sure to earn wealth. Wealth helps a man to follow the right path of

dharma to perform good deeds. The path of dharma gives man joy and prosperity in

this world, and the next.

Moral: Education is the cornerstone on which rests the welfare of man both on earth

and in heaven too.

V

36. [~°Ü« Ú, =∞$uÜ« Ú ÖË x [#∞#@∞¡ „áêAO_» ∞ è Œ #=Ú, q Œ º QÆ ∂~° Ê Œ ÅÑ¨ =ÅÜ« Ú† è Œ ~° ‡ =∂K« iOÑ¨ ŒQÆ ∞ =∞$ « ∞ºKÕ, Œ Å =\˜ ì ~¸_» fi|_ç #"å_» ∞ "ÀÖ.

– z#flÜ« ∞ã¨ ∂i hu K«O„kHõ




Éè Ï=O : `«#‰õ Ω =Úã¨ e`«#O ~å^Œx, Kå=Ù ÖË Œx Éè ÏqOz „Ñu =ºH˜ Î ^è Œ<åxfl, q^Œ º#∞ Ji˚OKåe. <Õ_Õ=∞~° ™êÎ=∞<Õ Éè Ï=O`À ^è Œ~å‡xfl PK«iOKåe.

hu : ZÅ¡HÍÅO „|u‰õ ΩO\Ï=∞x ãOáêkOKåe. U Hõ ∆ OÖ’ áÈ`å"≥ ∂ Jx ^•#O KÕÜ« ∂e.

J~å÷ Å∞ : [~° ´ =Úã¨ e`«#O† =∞$u ´ Kå=Ù "åºMÏº#O : `«#‰õ Ω =Úã¨ e`«#O ~å Œ ∞, =∞~° O ÖË Œ ∞ J<Õ Éè Ï=#`À „áêA_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ ^è Œ<åxfl q^Œ º#∞ãOáêkOKåe. U Hõ ∆ OÖ’ =∞~° O =ã¨ ∞ÎO^À J#fl Éè Ï=#`À ^è Œ~å‡xfl PK«iOKåe. D Éè Ï=# =Å¡ XHõ=ºH˜ Î J‰õ ΩOiî « nHõ ∆ À, x~° ƒùÜ« ∞OQÍ ^è Œ<åxfl, q^Œ º#∞ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛHÀQÆÅ∞QÆ ∞`å_» ∞. `«~åfi`«, L^•~°Éè Ï=O`À,`« fii`«QÆux `«# ^è Œ~å‡xfl x~° fiÇ≤ ÏOK«QÆÅ∞QÆ ∞`å_» ∞.

Meaning: Every man has to acquire wealth and education with no thought of ever

growing old or becoming prey to death. He has to perform his duty and follow the rightpath with a feeling of urgency that death may overtake him any moment.

Prey = victim

Moral: A man has to earn with the confidence that he will live forever.

V

37. Ñ¨ ~° ∞=O|∞, Hõ eq∞, ^˘~° « #, =∞~°Ü« ∞q∞, Ü« ∞#∞#\˜ ì gxÜ« ∞O ^˘Hõ_»Hõ_Õ á⁄~° ~ÚOK« ∞ ##~° ÷ =Ú <å |~° y#KÀ, <åÅ∞æ *ˇ Ñ¨ Ê=ÅÜ« Ú<≥ K≥ Ñ¨ Ù=∂?

– z#flÜ« ∞ã¨ ∂i hu K«O„kHõ

Éè Ï=O : „áêÜ« ∞O, ãOÑ¨ Œ, JkèHÍ~°O, J*Ï#O J<Õq XH˘¯Hõ ¯>Ë Z<Àfl J#~å÷Å‰õ Ω ^•i f™êÎ~Ú. P<åÅ∞QÆ ∞ XHõKÀ@ KÕi`Õ [iˆ Q J#~å÷Å‰õ Ω WHõ JO « ∞ =ÙO_» Œ ∞.

hu : J#~å÷xH =¸ÅHÍ~° ÏÅ#∞ „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOKåe.

J~å÷ Å∞ : J~°Ü« ∞q∞ ´ ≥ eÜ« ∞HõáÈ=Ù@† J#~° ÷=Ú ´ #+¨ ìO† Ñ~° ∞=O|∞ ´ „áêÜ« ∞O

"åºMÏº#O : =∞x+≤ „áêÜ« ∞OÖ’ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ P"ÕâßÅ‰õ Ω, L„^ÕHÍÅ‰õ Ω Ö’#=Ù`å_» ∞. J#∞Éè í=~åÇ≤ Ï`« ºO =Å¡

H˘xfl á⁄~°áê@∞¡ KÕ™êÎ_» ∞. ãOÑ¨ Œ Hõ eæ=Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ =∞x+≤ QÆifi™êÎ_» ∞. q~À è •Å∞ ã¨ $+≤ ìOK« ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. JkèHÍ~°OÖ’=Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ JÇ¨ ÏOHÍ~åxfl „Ñ¨ Œi≈™êÎ_» ∞. JqhuH áêÅÊ_» ∞`å_» ∞. J*Ï#OÖ’ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ «Ñ¨ CÅ∞ KÕ™êÎ_» ∞.

ÃÑ·# K≥Ñ¨Ê|_ç# „áêÜ«∞O, ã¨OÑ¨^Œ, JkèHÍ~°O, J*Ï˝#O J<Õ "åxÖ’ XH˘¯Hõ¯\ ˜ Z<Àfl J#~å÷Å‰õΩ=¸Å=∞ø « ∞#flk. P <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ XHõ ¯ KÀ@ KÕi`Õ, Hõ eˆ Q J#~å÷Å#∞ TÇ≤ ÏOK«QÆÅ=∂!




Meaning: Youth, wealth, power and ignorance, each by itself can cause a great deal of

harm. If all the four are together, then the combination can lead to endless destruction

and misery.

Moral: The reasons for all misery and destruction have to be clearly understood.

V

38. « e¡ Hõ_»∞Ñ¨ Ù #∞O_ç è Œ ~° ÃÑ· |_» ∞ a_» ¤ áêÅˆ H_» ∞Û#kÜ≥ ∞ „Ñ¨ ä Œ =∞Éè Ï+¨Jxfl Éè Ï+¨ Å‰õ Ω#∞ J ≥ =∂ « $Éè Ï+¨ ~å! =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O Éè Ï=O : a_» ¤, « e¡ QÆ~° ƒùOÖ’ #∞O_ç Éˇ ·\H =zÛ#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞, áêÅ HÀãO U_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. J Õ „Ñ¨ ä Œ=∞ =∂#=Éè Ï+.„ÑÑOK«OÖ’ Jxfl YO_®ÅÖ’, ÕâßÅÖ’ [x‡Oz# a_» ¤Å∞ P Éè Ï+Ö’<Õ U_» ∞™êÎ~° ∞. P Éè Ï+<Õ Jxfl Éè Ï+Å‰õ Ω =∂`« $Éè Ï+QÍ =∞#O Éè ÏqOKåe. JÑ¨ C_Õ qq è Œ Éè Ï+¨ efl =∞#O J~° ÷O KÕã¨ ∞HÀQÆÅO.

hu : Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì# "≥O@<Õ tâ◊ √=Ù U_Õ Û^Õ qâ◊ fi=∂#= Éè Ï+.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ^è Œ~° ´ Éè í ∂q∞ "åºMÏº#O : „ÑÑOK«OÖ’ „Ñ¨[Å∞ =∂\Ï¡_Õ Éè Ï+Å∞ "ÕÅ ãOYºÖ’ =Ù<åfl~Ú. XH˘¯Hõ ¯ ^Õâßxfl |\˜ ì„áêO`åxfl |\˜ ì XH˘¯Hõ ¯ Éè Ï+ U~° Ê_çOk. Jxfl ÕâßÅ‰õ Ω, *Ïu, =∞`åÅ‰õ Ω Jf`«OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_Õ qâ◊ fi=∂#=Éè Ï+ XHõ@∞Ok. J^Õ `« e¡ Hõ_» ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖ’ #∞O_ç Éè í ∂q∞ÃÑ· Ñ_ç#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ tâ◊ √=Ù U_Õ Û Éè Ï+. P Éè Ï+<Õ Jxfl Éè Ï+Å‰õ Ω =∂`« $Éè Ï+QÍ =∞#O Éè ÏqOKåe. JÑ C_» ∞ =∞#O Jxfl Éè Ï+Å#∞ J~° ÷O KÕã¨ ∞HÀQÆÅO.

Meaning: When a child enters this world from the mothers’ womb the baby cries for

milk. That is the first language used by every human child all over the world. It is basefor every language.

Moral: The cry of the new born baby is certainly the universal language.

V

39. U_» ∞ ã¨O„ Œ =ÚÅ#∞ Dk ^•@QÆ =K« ∞ÛH˘O_» <≥ · # Ñ≤O_ç Q˘@ì =K« ∞Û gã¨ =∞O « P « ‡ qâßfiã¨ =ÚO_ç # =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O




Éè Ï=O : P`« ‡ qâßfiãO =Ù#fl"å_» ∞, U_» ∞ ã=Ú„^•Å#∞ ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OQÍ Dk ^•@QÆÅ_» ∞. H˘O_»Å#∞ QÆ ∂_»Ñ≤O_ç Q˘@ìQÆÅ_» ∞. ZO`« |Å=Ú<åfl, P`« ‡qâßfiãO ÖËx"å_» ∞ HÍ~åºefl ™êkèOK«ÖË_» ∞.

hu : P`« ‡qâßfiãO`À ™êkèOÑÖËx^Õn ÖË Œ ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : P`« ‡qâßfiã=Ú ´ `«# g∞^Œ `«#‰õ Ω #=∞‡HõO "åºMÏº#O : Jxfl HÍ~åºÅ ™ê^è Œ#‰õ Ω P`« ‡ qâßfiãO =¸ÅO. P`« ‡qâßfiãO QÆÅ"å_» ∞ U ÑxÖ’<≥ ·#q[Ü« ∂xfl á⁄O^ŒQÆÅ_» ∞. U_» ∞ ã=Ú„^•Å#∞, J=bÅQÍ Dk ^•@QÆÅ_» ∞. H˘O_»Å#∞ Ñ≤O_ç KÕÜ« ∞QÆÅ_» ∞.~å=∂Ü« ∞OÖ’, P`« ‡qâßfiãO =Å¡<Õ Ç¨ Ï#∞=∞O`« ∞_» ∞ â◊ «Ü≥ ∂[#Ñ~° ºO`« "≥ ∞ÿ# ã=Ú„^•xfl PHÍâ◊=∂~° æOÖ’^•@QÆ ey<å_» ∞.

Meaning: A person who has confidence in himself can swim across the seven seas. He

can conquer and overcome the mighty mountains. Whatever strength and might a manmay have, he cannot hope to succeed in whatever he aspires to do, if he lacks self-

confidence and faith in himself.

Lacks = be without

Aspire = wish

Moral: There is nothing that cannot be achieved if one has enough faith and confidence

in himself.

V

40. q Œ º, è Œ #=Ú, =Oâ◊ qMÏº « ∞Å#∞ QÆ eæ, Z « ∞Î Ô Hky#O « Uq∞ qO « !

Uq∞ ÖËHõ ÃÑ·H Z Œ ∞QÆ ∞@ÜÕ ∞ qO « ! =∞#ã¨ ∞qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : L#fl « q^Œ º, `«y#O`« è Œ#O, =∞Oz =Oâ◊O =Ù#fl =ºH˜ Î ÃÑ· ™ê÷~ÚH˜ Z ŒQÆ_»OÖ’ Pâ◊ Û~° ºO ÖË Œ ∞. ÃÑ·# K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_» ¤q, Ug ÖË‰õ ΩO_», XHõ =ºH˜ Î ÃÑ·™ê÷~ÚH˜ Z^ŒQÆ_»O J`« ºO`« Pâ◊ Û~° ºHõ~°O. J\˜ ì "åix Ö’HõOÖ’=∞#O K« ∂ã¨ ∞Î<åflO. "åix P^Œ~° ≈OQÍ fã ∞H˘x =∞#O Éè íq+¨ º`« ∞Î‰õ Ω |OQÍ~° ∞ ÉÏ@Å∞ "Õã¨ ∞HÀ"åe. XHõi

Éè í ∞*ÏÅÃÑ· #∞O_ç HÍHõ, <ÕÅ #∞O_ç ÃÑ· Ô Hyi# "å_Õ "≥ Ú#QÍ_» ∞. hu : ã¨ fiÜ« ∞O Hõ $+≤ Q˘Ñ¨ Êk.

J~å÷ Å∞ : qMÏºu ´ H©iÎ




"åºMÏº#O : ¿Ñ~° ∞ QÆÅ =Oâ◊OÖ’ [x‡Oz q^•º=O`« ∞_» ∞QÍ, ^è Œ#=O « ∞_» ∞QÍ =Ù#fl =ºH˜ Î `«# q Œ º =Å¡,^è Œ#O =Å¡, =Oâ◊ ãO|O^è •Å =Å¡ ÑÅ∞‰õ Ω|_ç ÃÑOK« ∞H˘x, L#fl`« Ñ¨ Œ=ÙÅ#∞ JO Œ ∞HÀQÆÅ_» ∞. JO^Œ ∞Ö’Pâ◊ Û~° ºO ÖË Œ ∞. ™ê=∂#º ‰õ Ω@∞O|OÖ’ [x‡Oz, q^Œ º ÖË‰õ ΩO_», ^è Œ#O ÖË‰õ ΩO_» =Ù#fl =ºH˜ Î J@ì_» ∞QÆ ∞#∞O_ç ÃÑ· Ô H^ŒQÆQÆÅæ_»O x[OQÍ Pâ◊ Û~° ºO Hõ eæã¨ ∞ÎOk. Jk J`«x J™ê=∂#º"≥ ∞ÿ# „ÑuÉè í#∞, Ñ@∞ì ŒÅ#∞

`≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk.Meaning: It is no surprise if a man with good education, enough wealth and a good

family background were to rise in life. It is an amazing wonder when a man rises on the

ladder of success, without such advantages. It is a fact that many have achieved success

despite not having these advantages. They stand as role models to all men to pave a

path of gold for their future.

Moral: A true hero is one who achieves success on his own.

V

41. Ñ¨Ù@∞ì QÆ ∞_ç ¤ "åx H˜ >ˇ ì K« ∂Ñ¨ Ù <˘ãOQÆ ∞ K≥ q\ "åx H˜ K« ∞Û „â◊ = â◊H˜ Î è Œ ~°, á⁄QÆ_» ÎHõO> Ñ¨ ~° =∞ø+¨ è ŒO ÉË k?

=∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@. – ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : á⁄QÆ_» Î‰õ Ω ÖÁOQÆx "å~° ∞ Ö’HõOÖ’ =ÙO_»~° ∞. ã¨ Ç¨ Ï„ã<å=∂Å`À ã¨ ∞Îu¿ãÎ Õ=Ù_Õ ky =zÛ =~åe™êÎ_» ∞.á⁄QÆ_» Î K≥q\˜ "åxH qxH_ç â◊H˜ Î „Ñ™êkã¨ ∞ÎOk. QÆ ∞_ç ¤ "åxH K« ∂Ñ¨ Ùxã¨ ∞ÎOk. á⁄QÆ_» Î#∞ q∞Oz# Ñ¨~°=∞ø+¨ è ŒOÖË Œ ∞. á⁄QÆ_» Î#∞ ã=∞Ü« ∂#∞‰õ ÄÅOQÍ "å_» ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞ q"ÕHõ=O`« ∞_» ∞.

hu : á⁄QÆ_» Î‰õ Ω ^Õ=Ù_Õ ky =™êÎ_» ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : „â◊= â◊H˜ Î ´ q<≥_» ∞ â◊H˜ Î

Meaning: There is no one who can resist praise and flattery. Even God comes down

to earth and bestows boons if praised with devotion, chanting a thousand names. Praise

has the power to make a deaf man hear and a blind man see. There is no greater potion

to cure, than praise. A wise man decides to take advantage of flattery and praise, and

uses it at the appropriate time.

Flattery = excessive praise, often insincere.




Boon = wish

Potion = medicine

Moral: Praise pleases even God, who comes down to grant boons to his devotees.

V

42. zkq∞ Õ x „QÆ ∞_» ∞¤ KÕ uH zHõ ¯ Œ ∞, á⁄ky Õ x Ñ≤ Å¡ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì =K« ∞Û F~° ∞Ê`À<≥ ÖÏÉè í "≥ Ú#QÆ ∂_» ∞ è Œ ~° Ö’# =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O Éè Ï=O : XHõ HÀ_ç„QÆ ∞_» ∞¤#∞ á⁄^ŒQÆ "Õã≤, H˘O`«HÍÅO "Õ zÜ« ÚO>Ë ^•xÖ’ #∞O_ç HÀ_çÑ≤Å¡ Éˇ ·\H =ã¨ ∞ÎOk.`˘O^Œ~°Ñ_ç zk"Õ ∞¿ãÎ Jk KÕuH zHõ ¯^Œ ∞. JÖÏˆ Q, XHõ HÍ~åºxfl ™êkèOKåÅO>Ë F~° ∞Ê HÍ"åe. "Õy~°Ñ_ç ÕÑ¶ ¨ e`«O ÅaèOK« Œ ∞.

hu : ã¨ Ç¨ Ï#O ã~åfi~° ÷ ™ê^è Œ#O.

"åºMÏº#O : XHõ H˜ ¡+¨ ì ã=∞ã¨ º#∞ Ñi+¨ ¯iOKåÅO>Ë ã¨ Ç¨ Ï#O J=ã~°O. "Õy~°Ñ_ç Õ Ñ¶ ¨ e`«O ^ŒHõ ¯^Œ ∞.Éè Ï~° «OÖ’ =∂Ü« ∂E^ŒOÖ’ F_çáÈ~Ú# áêO_»=ÙÅ∞ uiy H“~°=ÙÅ #∞O_ç ~å*Ïºxfl [~ÚOK« ∞HÀ=_®xH,ÑO_≥O„_ÕO_» ∞¡ =#"åãO, XHõ ÜÕ ∞_» ∞ J*Ï˝ « "åãO KÕÜ« ∞=Åã≤ =zÛOk. P HÍÅOÖ’ "å~° ∞ Ü« Ú^•úxH˜HÍ=Åã≤# PÜ« Ú^è •Å#∞, q∞„`« ∞efl, Ñi"å~åxfl ã=∞‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛH˘<åfl~° ∞. `«~åfi`« Ü« Ú^Œ úOÖ’ Ô Qez ~å*Ïºxfl KÕÑ\Ïì~° ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω, HÀ_çQÆ ∞_» ∞¤#∞ ˘O Œ~°Ñ_ç zkq∞ Õ, KÕuH zHõ ¯‰õ ΩO_® „|^Œ úÖˇ ·áÈ « ∞Ok. á⁄^ŒQÆ "Õ ¿ãÎHÀ_çÑ≤Å¡ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì =ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: An egg has to be kept warm and hatched over a period of time, before a

chick can emerge from the egg. If the egg is crushed and broken, no chick can be born

out of it. Similarly patience is a must, if something has to be achieved. Haste can only

spoil and not give any positive results.

Hatch = A bird warms the eggs till the young ones are ready to break open the shell to

come out into the world ´ á⁄ ŒQÆ@O

Moral: With patience, anything can be achieved.

V




43. Éè í ∞=#=∞O Œ ∞ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê É’ è Œ‰õ Ω_≥ =_» #fl p=∞Ü« ∞#∞K« ∞ =∞#=Ú K≥ Ñ¨ Ê=K« ∞Û p=∞ <À~° ∞ qÑ≤ Ê KÕÜ« ∞ Œ ∞ É’ è Œ Å∞ =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O Éè Ï=O : Ö’HõOÖ’ XHõ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê QÆ ∞~° ∞"≥=fi~°O>Ë, Jk p=∞ Jx K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»OÖ’ Juâ◊Ü≥ ∂H˜ Î ÖË Œ ∞. p=∞ „â◊=∞rq.ZÑ¨ C_» ∂ „â◊q∞ã¨ ∂Î =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍx, <À~° ∞qÑ≤ Ê É’ è Œ#Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞^Œ ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì ˆ H=ÅO =∂@Å∞ K≥Ñ¨ Ê‰õ ΩO_®,HÍ~° ºO PK«iOz K« ∂¿Ñ"å_Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù.

hu : =∞Oz ZHõ ¯_» ∞<åfl „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOKåe. p=∞#∞ K« ∂z „â◊=∞Ñ_»@O <Õ~° ∞ÛHÀ.

"åºMÏº#O : `å#∞ É’kèOKÕ q+Ü« ∂xfl ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OQÍ PK«iOz K« ∂¿Ñ"å_Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù. p=∞#∞ J\˜ìQÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙQÍ =∞#O ¿Ñ~˘¯#=K« ∞Û. p=∞ „â◊=∞rq. <À~° ∞qÑ≤ Ê É’^è Œ#Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞^Œ ∞. x~°O`«~°O JÅã@ ÖË‰õ ΩO_®ÑxKÕã¨ ∞ÎO@∞Ok. J\˜ ì p=∞#∞ P Œ~° ≈OQÍ fã ∞H˘x, =∞#O HÍ~åºK«~° Ö’ x=∞QÆ ∞flÅO HÍ"åe.

Meaning: It is no exaggeration to perhaps say, that the ant is one of the greatest

teachers to mankind. An ant is very industrious and continuously works. It will not

preach but works. A true guide worth emulating is one who silently shows the way

through practice rather than empty words.

Exaggeration = beyond limits of truth.

Emulate = P^Œ~° ≈OQÍ fã¨ ∞HÀ=_»O

Moral: Anything worthwhile and useful has to be observed, copied and learnt.

V

44. áê„ « ∞_»QÆ ∞<˘ HÍ^˘ Ñ¨ iHOÑHõÜ≥ ∞ "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞~å Œ ∞, J@∞¡ KÕã≤ Õx U‰õ Ω =O\˜ "å_» ∞ "Õ ∞‰õ ΩQÍ =∂~° ∞#∞ =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz=∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`« =ÙO^À ÖË À ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ‰õ ΩO_®, Z=iH© "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. J\Ï¡ KÕ ¿ãÎ U‰õ ΩÖÏO\˜ "å_» ∞ "Õ ∞‰õ ΩQÍ =∂i, h‰õ Ω Ç¨ x Hõ eæOK«=K« ∞Û.

hu : Jáê„`« ^•#O KÕÜ« ∞~å^Œ ∞. Jk H˘iq`À `«ÅQÀHÀ¯=_»O =O\k.




"åºMÏº#O : Ñ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞_»O =∞# qkè. J@¡x, Z=iHõO>Ë "åiH Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`«#∞ ÑijeOK«‰õ ΩO_® "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞_»O =∞Ozk HÍ Œ ∞. Jxfl q^è •Å áê„`« ∞_»QÆ ∞<À HÍ^À qKåiOz, XHõiH "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∂e. P "Õ ∞Å∞ =Å¡ ã¨ « Êù e`åÅ∞ HõÅ∞QÆ ∞`å~Ú. áê„`« « K« ∂_»‰õ ΩO_® "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕ ¿ãÎ U‰õ Ω ÖÏO\˜ "å_» ∞ "Õ ∞‰õ ΩQÍ =∂i,=∞#‰õ Ω „Ñ¨=∂ ŒHÍi J=Ù`å_» ∞.

Meaning: No help should ever be given without first making sure that it is a trulydeserving case. If help is given to an undeserving person, he is bound to show his

ingratitude later and perhaps ever harm his benefactor.

Ingratitude = forgetting the help received.

Moral: Never help the undeserving, they are bound to prove ungrateful later.

V




4. HÍ~° º™ê^è ŒHõ Ñ¨ Œúu

45. J#QÆ ##QÆ ~åQÆ =∞uâ◊ ~ÚÅ∞¡ K« ∞ #∞O_» ∞ u#QÆ u#QÆ "Õ =Ú uÜ« ∞º#∞O_» ∞ ™ê è Œ #=Ú# Ñ¨ #∞Å∞ ã¨ =∞‰õ Ä~° ∞ è Œ ~° Ö’# qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : ãOw «OÖ’, PÖÏÑ≤OKÕH˘Åk ~åQÆO "≥ ∞~° ∞QÆ=Ù « ∞Ok. u<Õ H˘Åk "ÕÑ KÕ Œ ∞ uÜ« ∞ºQÍ JxÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk.x~°O`«~° ™ê è Œ# =Å¡ HÍ~åºÅ∞ ã=∞‰õ Ä~° ∞`å~Ú.

hu : x~°O`«~° ™ê^è Œ# =Å¡<Õ HÍ~° ºO ãÑ¶ Å=∞ø`« ∞Ok.

"åºMÏº#O : Z\˜ ì q^Œ º<≥ ·##∞ x~°O`«~° "≥ ∞ÿ# JÉè ÏºãO`À <Õ~° ∞ÛHÀ=K« ∞Û. ãOw`«OÖ’ PÖÏÑ≤OKÕH˘Åk,~åQÆO "≥ ∞~° ∞QÆ=Ù « ∞Ok. u<ÕH˘Åk "ÕÑ KÕ Œ ∞ fÑ¨ ÙQÍ =∂~° ∞Ê K≥O^Œ ∞`« ∞Ok. x~°O`«~° HÍ~° º ™ê^è Œ# =Å¡HÍ~åºÅ∞ ã=∞‰õ Ä~° ∞`å~Ú.

Meaning: Music can be rendered flawlessly with intense practice. As one gets used to

the taste of neem which is bitter, it begins to taste sweet. Constant application and

practice assures success in achieving perfection.

Render = present

Flawless = perfect

Intense = engage deeply

Constant = continuous

Moral: Constant practice makes one perfect and success is certain.

V

46. XHõ KÀ <Õ Å#∞ |=fioOK« ∞, <˘Hõ KÀ <˘áêÊ~° ∞ |∂Ãã[˚ ÃÑ·, <˘Hõ KÀ âßHõ =Ú ÖÏ~° yOK« ∞, <˘Hõ KÀ #∞ « ¯ $+¨ ìâßÖ’º Œ #O, ÉÁHõ KÀ ÉÁO « è Œ iOK« ∞, <˘H˘¯Hõ « i<£ Ü≥ ∂QÍºO|~° „âı , Öˇ

Hõ ¯‰õ Ω ~åhÜ« ∞_» ∞ HÍ~° º™ê è Œ‰õ Ω_» ∞ Œ ∞óYO|∞<£ ã¨ ∞YO|∞<£ =∞k<£.– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi




Éè Ï=O : J=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ Õ HÍ~° º™ê^è Œ‰õ Ω_» ∞ XHõ KÀ@ <ÕÅg∞^Œ<Õ ÑO_» ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. `«#‰õ Ω Åaè ¿ãÎ Ñ¨ ÓÅáê#∞Êg∞^Œ â◊Ü« ∞x™êÎ_» ∞. ˘iH˜ Õ =∞$ëêì<åflxfl P~°y™êÎ_» ∞. ˘~°Hõ ¯áÈ`Õ HõO^Œ=¸ÖÏÅ`À PHõ e f~° ∞ÛH˘O\Ï_» ∞.LO>Ë =∞Oz =¢™êÎÅ∞ è Œi™êÎ_» ∞. ÖË‰õ ΩO>Ë ÉÁO « À ãiÃÑ@∞ìH˘O\Ï_» ∞. J`«_» ∞ Hõëêì efl, ã¨ ∞MÏefl ÖHõ ¯KÕÜ« ∞_» ∞.

hu : HÍ~° º™ê^è Œ‰õ Ω_» ∞ HõëêìÅ#∞ ã¨ ∞MÏÅ#∞ ã=∂#OQÍ ÑiQÆ ™êÎ_» ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Ñ¨ ÓÃã[ ´ Ñ ÓÅáê#∞Ê† âßHõ=ÚÅ∞ ´ ‰õ Ä~°QÍÜ« ∞Å∞† L`« ¯ $+¨ ì âßÖ’º^Œ#O ´ L « Î=∞"≥ ∞ÿ# =iJ#flO† Ü≥ ∂QÍºO|~° „âı ´ Lz`« "≥ ∞ÿ# =¢™êÎÅ =∞_» «Å∞

Meaning: An ambitious man who aspires success in life learns to adjust to any situation.

He is able to sleep with no discomfort on a hard floor and can just as well sleep on a

luxurious bed. He can enjoy a rich feast or survive on roots and tubers without

complaining. He wears expensive clothes if he has them or is equally content wearing

simple rough garments. Comfort or discomfort make very little difference to a man whois determined to achieve his goals in life.

Moral: A man determined to achieve success cares little about comfort or discomfort.

V

47. P~°OaèOÑ¨ ~° ∞ hK« =∂#=ÙÅ∞ qÑ¶ ¨ ∂flÜ« ∂ã ãO„ «ã¨ ∞Î Öˇ ·Ü« ∂~°OaèOz Ñ¨ i « ºlO « ∞~° ∞~° ∞ qÑ¶ ¨ ∂flÜ« ∞ « ∞Î Öˇ · =∞ è Œ º=ÚÖò nè ~° ∞Öò qÑ¶ ¨∞fl xÇ¨ Ï#º=∂#∞ÅQÆ ∞K« ∞<£ èŒ $ « ∞º#fl`À`åûÇ¨ ïÖˇ · „áê~° ÉÏú ~° ÷ =ÚÅ∞[˚ yOÑ¨ ~° ∞ ã¨∞g∞, „Ñ¨ *Ï˝ x è Œ ∞Öò QÍ=Ù#<£.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi

Éè Ï=O : qÑ¶ ¨ ∞flO HõÅ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞O^Œx, Ü≥ ∞\˜ ì HÍ~åºxfl „áê~°OaèOÑx"å~° ∞ J^è Œ=ÚÅ∞. HÍ~åºxfl „áê~°OaèOz,

P@OHõO =zÛO^Œx =∂#∞H˘<Õ "å~° ∞ =∞^è Œ º=ÚÅ∞. Zxfl J_» ¤O‰õ ΩÖˇ Œ ∞Ô ~·<å „áê~°OaèOz# Ñxx è ≥ ·~° ºO`ÀÑ¨ ÓiÎKÕ ¿ã"å~° ∞ L`« Î=ÚÅ∞.

hu : „Ñ*Ï=O`« ∞Å∞ „áê~°OaèOz# Ñxx =∞^è Œ ºÖ’ =^ŒÅ~° ∞.

J~å÷Å∞ : L~°∞qÑ¶¨∂flÜ«∂ã¨ã¨O„`«ã¨∞ÎÅ∞ ´ Q˘Ñ¨Ê qÑ¶¨∂flxH˜ ÉèíÜ«∞Ñ¨_Õ"å~°∞† xÇ¨Ï#º=∂#∞Å∞ ´ÉÏkèOÑ|_» ∞"å~° ∞† ^è Œ $u ´ è ≥ ·~° ºO

"åºMÏº#O : qÑ¶ ¨ ∞flO HõÅ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞O^Œ<Õ Éè íÜ« ∞O`À, U HÍ~åºxfl „áê~°OaèOK«x"å~° ∞ J^è Œ=ÚÅ∞. HÍ~åºxfl „áê~°OaèOz, P@OHÍÅ‰õ Ω Éè íÜ« ∞Ñ_ç, =∞^è Œ ºÖ’ PÑ≤ "Õ ¿ã"å~° ∞ =∞^è Œ º=ÚÅ∞. Zxfl J_» ¤O‰õ ΩÖˇ Œ ∞Ô ~·<å ÖHõ ¯ KÕÜ« ∞‰õ ΩO_» „áê~°OaèOz# HÍ~åºxfl = Œ eÃÑ@ìx"å~° ∞ L`« Î=ÚÅ∞. Jk "åi „Ñ¨[‰õ Ω x^Œ~° ≈#O.




Meaning: People who are not strong-willed are afraid to start any venture as they fear

failure. People of average intelligence start to work on something and give up half-way

complaining that there are too many hurdles on the way. The best among people are

those who fight their way to the finish whatever they aim to achieve, no matter how

many difficulties they have to face.

Moral: Worthy people, who are courageous never give up half-way and overcome all

hurdles with determination till they achieve success in their goals.

V

48. HõO Œ ∞Hõ =Ú"ÀÖ ã¨ ∞[#∞_» ∞

„yO ŒO|_ç, =∞QÆ∞_» g∞kH˜ <≥ flQÆÜ« Ú, Ag∞ =∞O Œ ∞_» ∞ =∞$uÊO_» =Ú=Öˇ „yO ŒO|_ç, Ü« ∞_» yÜ« ÚO_» ∞ QÆ $Ñ¨ « fi=Ú#<£.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi

Éè Ï=O : ã=∞~° ∞÷_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ „HO^ŒÑ_®¤, |Ou=Ö, ZyiÃÑ·H ÖË™êÎ_» ∞. Jã=∞~° ∞÷_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ „HO^Œ Ñ_ç Õ,=∞\˜ ì=Ú Œ ÌÖÏQÍ JHõ ¯_Õ Ñ_ç=ÙO\Ï_» ∞.

hu : ã=∞~° ∞÷_» ∞ HO^Œ|_®¤ ÃÑ·H ÖË™êÎ_» ∞.Meaning: A worthy man bounces back after a fall, like a ball does after it strikes the

ground. In other words a man of worth will always rise again even if his fortunes hit

rock bottom. An unworthy man on the other hand remains like a lump of earth on the

ground with no attempt to rise, as failure weighs him down.

Moral: A smart, intelligent man will not allow failure to discourage him. With renewed

attempts he will rise again to the heights of success.

V

49. =∂@ÖÏ_»QÆ Å∞æ =∞~° ‡=Ú Öˇ iy#, Ñ≤ #fl ÃÑ Œ Ì « #=Ú Ö #fl=Å Œ ∞ Ñ≤ #fl KÕ uk"≥ fi ÃÑ Œ ÌQÍ "≥ Å∞QÆ ^•?

qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞! Éè Ï=O : =∂@ÖÏ_»_»OÖ’ =∞~° ‡O ≥ eã≤# "åx q+¨Ü« ∞OÖ’, =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞ûÖ’ z#fl"å_®, ÃÑ^Œ Ì "å_® J<Õ Éè Ë ŒOK« ∂Ñ≤OK«‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. XHõ nÑO z#fl"åx KÕuÖ’ =Ù<åfl ÃÑ Œ ÌQÍ "≥Å∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok Hõ •.




hu : ^è Œ~° ‡O Ñ≤#fl"å_» ∞ K≥Ñ≤ Ê<å Q“~°qOKåe.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» Ñ≤@ì H˘OK≥ "≥ ∞ÿ<å, ‰õ Ä`« Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#O J#fl q+Ü« ∂xfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Ñ¨ Ó=Ù Ñ¨ Ù@ìQÍ<ÕÑi=∞oã¨ ∞ÎOk. H˘O Œ~° ∞ Ju z#fl =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞Ö’<Õ JkfifÜ« ∞"≥ ∞ÿ# „Ñ[#∞ „Ñ¨ Œi≈™êÎ~° ∞. z#fl ÃÑ^Œ Ì Jx=Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞û#∞ K« ∂_»‰õ ΩO_» =∞#O "åi Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«<åxfl QÆ ∞iÎOKåe.

Meaning: If a person speaks wisely, it matters little whether he is young or old. A lamp

shines just as brightly even if it is held in a child’s hand.

Moral: Good and wise words must be heeded to, even if they are spoken by some

one young in years.

V




5. q^Œ fi`ü Ñ¨ Œ úu

50. Ñ¨ Å∞ ã¨OkÜ« ∞=ÚÅ ^˘ÅK« ∞#∞ "≥ Å~ÚOK« ∞, #QÀK« ~å~° ÷ q*Ï˝ #=Ú, Ö’‰õ ΩÅ HõH˜ ∆ , âßG, =∞Ü« ∞ºkÜ« ∞Å=_» ≥ =fixH, "å_≥ Ü« ∞O è Œ ∞_» ∞ [QÆ u<£.

– z#flÜ« ∞ã¨ ∂i huK«O„kHõ

Éè Ï=O : âßGO =∂#=ÙxH Hõ#∞fl =O\k. Jk J<ÕHõ ãO^Õ Ç¨ efl fiÛ, JQÀK«~° "≥ ∞ÿ# q*Ï<åxfl JOkã¨ ∞ÎOk.J\˜ ì âß¢™êÎxfl J^è Œ ºÜ« ∞#O KÕÜ« ∞x"å_» ∞, QÆ ∞_ç ¤ "åx`À ã=∂#O.

hu : âßG *Ï#O ÖËx"å_» ∞ ^Õhfl `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀÖË_» ∞.J~å÷ Å∞ : JH˜ ∆ ´ Hõ#∞fl† JQÀK«~°O ´ Hõ#Ñ_»xk.

"åºMÏº#O : =∂#=Ùx ãO^Õ Ç¨ Å∞ fiÛ J~° ÷OHÍx q+Ü« ∂Å#∞ q=iOz, q*Ï<åxfl JOkOKÕk âßGO.Jk Ö’‰õ ΩÅ‰õ Ω Hõ#∞fl =O\k. P Hõ#∞fl ÖËx"å_» ∞ QÆ ∞_ç ¤ "åx`À ã=∂#O. J`«_» ∞ „ÑÑOK«OÖ’ [~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞#fl U q+Ü« ∂Å#∞ K« ∂_»ÖË_» ∞, `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀÖË_» ∞.

Meaning: Principles laid down in texts for the guidance of mankind are like eyes to the

human being. Knowledge that is not easily seen or understood is revealed in such texts.A person who does not master these principles is like a blind man. Organized study is

a discipline that guides one on the basic principles of a stream of thought or knowledge.

Moral: One who does not master the principles that are basic to a subject, can never

succeed in mastering any branch of knowledge.

V

51. PHõã¨ =Ú‡"ÀÖ J= è Œ ∞Å∞ ÖË xk Ç≤ Ï=∞#QÆ =Ú‡ Hõ #fl Z « ∞Î Hõ Åk [Åkè HõO> Ö’ « ∞ Hõ Åk q*Ï˝ #=Ú kqx, Éè í ∞qx, Hõ Å∞Ñ¨ Ù k=ºâ◊H˜ Î.

– =∂#=w «

Éè Ï=O : q*Ï#O PHÍâ◊O ÖÏQÍ JO`«O ÖËxk. Ç≤ Ï=∂ÅÜ« ∞ Ñ~° fi`«O HõO> Z`≥ Î Â#k. ã=Ú„^ŒO HõO>ˇÖ’`« ∞ HõÅk. q*Ï#=∞<Õ k=ºâ◊H˜ Î À =∂#=Ù_» ∞ Éè í ∂Ö’HÍxfl, ã¨ fi~° æÖ’HÍxfl ãOkèOK«QÆÅ_» ∞.

hu : Éè í ∂Ö’HÍxfl ã¨ fi~° æÖ’HÍxfl Hõ e¿Ñ k=ºâ◊H˜ Î q*Ï#O. •xfl JO^Œ~° ∞ ãOáêkOK«_®xH „ÑÜ« ∞uflOKåe.




53. q Œ º xQÆ ∂_è » QÆ ∞Ñ¨ Î =∞QÆ ∞ q « Î =Ú ~° ∂Ñ¨ =Ú Ñ¨ Ó~° ∞ëêoH˜ <£ q Œ º Ü« ∞â◊ã¨ ∞û Éè ’QÆHõ i q Œ º QÆ ∞~° ∞O_» ∞ q Õâ◊ |O è Œ ∞_» ∞<£ q Œ º qt+¨ ì ≥ · = « =Ú q Œ º‰õ Ω ™ê\ è Œ #O|∞ ÖË kÅ<£ q Œ º #$áêÅÑ¨ Ól « =Ú q Œ º <≥ ~° ∞OQÆ x "å_» ∞ =∞~° ∞Î º_Õ.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç Ïi Éè Ï=O : q^Œ º J<Õk hÖ’ ZO`À QÆ ∞Ñ¨ ÎOQÍ =Ù#fl è Œ#O. h‰õ Ω JO^Œ "≥ ∞ÿ# ~° ∂áêxfl, =ºH˜ Î åfixfl HõÅ∞QÆKÕã¨ ∞ÎOk.H©iÎx, ã¨ ∞MÏefl JOkã¨ ∞ÎOk. q^Œ º h‰õ Ω QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù. q^ÕâßÅÖ’ |O^è Œ ∞=ÙQÍ =ÙO_ç `À_» Ê_» ∞`« ∞Ok. q^Œ º^≥ ·=O`À ã=∂#O. ~åAÅ KÕ « Ñ¨ Ó[ÅO^Œ ∞H˘O@∞Ok. q^Œ º‰õ Ω ™ê\˜ =KÕ Û ^è Œ#O "Õ~˘Hõ\ ÖË Œ ∞. J\˜ìq^Œ ºÖËx"å_» ∞ =∂#=Ù_Õ HÍ Œ ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì q^Œ º#∞ JO^Œ~° ∞ JÉè í ºã≤OKåe.

hu : q^Œ º H˘OQÆ ∞ |OQÍ~°O, =ÚO*Ëu nÑO =O\k. ^•x`À Jhfl Åaè™êÎ~Ú.

"åºMÏº#O : è Œ#O =Ù#fl"å_» ∞ «# =Ó~À¡<Õ Q“~°qOÑ¨|_» å_» ∞. ~å*ÏºkèHÍ~°O =Ù#fl"å_» ∞ «# ~å[ºOÖ’<ÕQ“~°qOÑ¨|_» å_» ∞. q^•º=O`« ∞_» ∞ ã~° fi „Ñ¨ ÕâßÅÖ’ Q“~°qOÑ|_» å_» ∞. q^Œ º QÆ ∞Ñ¨ ÎOQÍ =Ù#fl è Œ#O. Jk=∂#=ÙxH ~° ∂ÑO, H©iÎ, Éè ’QÍÅ#∞ HõÅ∞QÆKÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÖÏQÆ LÑ¨ Õâ◊O KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. q Œ º, q^ÕâßÅÖ’|O^è Œ ∞=Ù ÖÏQÆ LÑÜ≥ ∂QÆÑ_» ∞`« ∞Ok. q^Œ º ^≥ ·=O`À ã=∂#O. q Œ º QÆÅ"åxx ~åAÅ∞ Ñ¨ Ól™êÎ~° ∞. J\˜ìJÑ¨ Ù~° ∂Ñ¨ "≥ ∞ÿ# q Œ º ÖËx"å_» ∞ =∂#=Ù_Õ HÍ Œ ∞.

Meaning: Education is a hidden treasure within a person. Knowledge is a blessing that

gives beauty of character and strengthens individuality. It can also give fame and pleasure.It is like a guide and a philosopher. Having education is like having a trusted friend

outside the mother country. Knowledge and learning are divine. Even the mightiest

among kings bows his head to scholarship and honours men of learning. There can be

no wealth on par with education. No one can even qualify to be human if he does not

have education. Hence it is wise to engage one’s best efforts to acquire the treasure of

knowledge and skills through education.

Treasure = wealth

Moral: Education is a priceless treasure. It is the light that guides mankind. There is

nothing that it cannot offer.

V

54. Éè í ∂+¨ Å∞QÍ=Ù=∞~° ∞ÎºÅ‰õ Ω Éèí ∂i=∞Ü«∂OQÆ Œ `å~° Ç¨ ~° =ÚÖò Éè í∂+≤ « ˆ Hâ◊ áêâ◊ =∞$ Œ ∞ Ñ¨ Ù+¨ Êã¨ ∞QÆO è Œ [ÖÏaè ¿+Hõ=ÚÖò Éè í ∂+¨ Å∞QÍ=Ù, Ñ Ó~° ∞+¨ µx Éè í∂+≤ « ∞*ËÜ« Ú |q„ « "å, "åQÆ ∂ƒù +¨ "Õ ∞, ã¨ ∞Éè í ∂+¨ =Ú, Éè í ∂+¨ =ÚÖò #t~ÚOK« ∞#xflÜ« Ú<£.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi




Éè Ï=O : =∂#=ÙÅ∞ ^è ŒiOKÕ |OQÍ~° ∞ Éè í ∞[H©~° ∞ÎÅ∞, Ç¨ ~åÅ∞, Ñ¨ ÙëêÊÅ∞, JO^Œ "≥ ∞ÿ# H˘Ñ¨ C =Ú_» ∞Å∞,ã¨ ∞QÆO^è Œ *ÖÏÅ`À Jaè ¿+HÍÅ∞, x["≥ ∞ÿ# Éè í ∂+¨ ÏÅ∞ HÍ=Ù. Ñq„ « "≥ ∞ÿ# "å‰õ Ω¯ÖË =∞Oz Éè í ∂+¨ ÏÅ∞. «H˜ ¯#Éè í ∂+¨ ÏÅhfl #tOzáÈÜÕ ∞"Õ. HÍ|\˜ ì, "å‰õ Ω¯Å<Õ Éè í ∂+¨ Ïefl JO^Œ~° ∞ è ŒiOz Ö’HõOÖ’ "≥ ∞Ñ¨ C#∞ á⁄O^•e.

hu : =∞Oz =∂@ÖË =∞x+≤H JÅOHÍ~°O.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Éè í ∂i=∞Ü« ∞ ´ |OQÍ~°O`À KÕÜ« ∞|_ç#† JOQÆ Œ=Ú ´ ã¨Ok Hõ_çÜ« ∞=Ú† `å~° Ç¨ ~°=Ú ´#Hõ ∆ „`«=∂Å† ˆ Hâ◊áêâ◊=Ú ´ [_»

"åºMÏº#O : =∂#=Ù_» ∞ JO^ŒOQÍ Hõ#Ñ_®Åx |OQÍ~°∞ Éè í ∞[H©~°∞ÎÅ∞, Ç¨ ~åÅ∞ ^è Œi™êÎ_» ∞. A@∞ì#∞JÅOHõiOK« ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. ã¨ ∞QÆO^è Œ „^Œ "åºÅ`À Jaè ¿+HõO KÕã¨ ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. W=hfl x["≥ ∞ÿ# JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞HÍ=Ù. Ñq„ « "≥ ∞ÿ# "åˆ H¯ =∂#=ÙxH x["≥ ∞ÿ# JÅOHÍ~°O. «H˜ ¯# JÅOHÍ~åÅhfl #tOzáÈ`å~Ú.

Meaning: Men may wear golden winged ornaments on their shoulders, or men may

wear costly gem-studded necklaces. Flowers and elaborate hair-dos may be worn, or

perfumes may have been used. But they are not the true ornaments nor do they impress

others enough. The really valuable jewels are wise and beautiful words, while the other

kind of ornaments can perish or be lost.

Moral: Gentle, wise words are truly beautiful ornaments.

V

55. q Œ ºKÕ, Éè í ∂+≤ « ∞O_» ∞~Ú "≥ ÅÜ« ÚK« ∞#fl ^˘_» i=iOÑ¨ ŒQÆ ∞ã¨ ∞g∞ Œ ∞~° ˚ #∞O_» ∞ Kå~°∞ =∂˜Hõ ºÉè í ∂+≤ « â◊ã¨ Î =∞ã¨ ÎHõO|∞ QÆ Å, Ñ¨ #flQÆ =Ú Éè íÜ« ∞OHõ ~° =Ú QÍ ≥.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi

Éè Ï=O : „`åK« ∞áê=Ú «ÅÃÑ· „ÑHÍtOKÕ =∞ =ÙO@∞Ok. J~Ú<å, P áê=Ú Éè íÜ« ∞OHõ~°OQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok.^•xx Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOKåe. JÖÏˆ Q ZO « q^•º=O « ∞_≥ ·##∞, ã„`« Ê=~° Î# ÖËx "åxx Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOKåe.

hu : ã¨ ¢`« Ê=~° Î#ÖËx q^•º=O`« ∞_» ∞ ã~° ÊO ÖÏO\˜ "å_» ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Ñ#flQÆ=Ú ´ áê=Ú

"åºMÏº#O : q^•º=O « ∞_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ ã¨ ∞QÆ ∞=O`« ∞_≥ · ‰õ Ä_» =ÙO_®e. JÖÏ HÍx "åxx Ö’HõO Q“~°qOK« Œ ∞.^Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOK« ∞`« ∞Ok. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω áê=Ú `«Å g∞^Œ „ÑHÍtOKÕ =∞ =ÙO@∞Ok. J~Ú#Ñ¨ Ê\H,áê=Ú#∞ K« ∂z JO^Œ~° ∂ Éè íÜ« ∞Ñ_» å~° ∞. ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω ~åhÜ« ∞~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì q^•º=O « ∞Öˇ ·# "å~° ∞ ã ¢`« Ê=~° Î#JÅ=~° ∞ÛHÀ"åe.




Meaning:- The cobra has a beautiful gem on its hood yet all are afraid of the snake as

it is fearsome and dangerous. Thus people keep their distance from it. Similarly it is

wise to stay away from a person if his character is not noble and good, no matter how

learned or scholarly he may be.

Moral: A man with poor character is dangerous like a snake even if he is a learned

man.

V




57. |e¡ Œ ∞_≥ · # ã¨ „ « ÊÉè í ∞=Ù áêÜ« ∞Hõ Ü« ÚO_ç # QÍx, ~° K«ÛÖ’ lÅ¡ ~° "å~° ∞ #∂~° ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞ ¿ãi# Õ [=Ú QÆ Åæ ≥Ü≥ ∞º_» <£ K« Å¡ x K«O Œ ∞~° ∞O_≥_»ã≤ ã¨ #flÑ¨ Ù AHõ ¯Å∞ HÀ\Ü« Ú#fl ~°O lÅ∞¡ <≥ "≥ <≥ flÅÖò [QÆ =Ú pHõ @∞ ÅxflÜ« ÚÉÏÜ« ∞, Éè Ïã¨ ¯~å!

Éè Ï=O : PHÍâ◊OÖ’ Zxfl K« ∞Hõ ¯Å∞<åfl, K«O„ Œ ∞_» ∞ =zÛ#Ñ¨ C_Õ pHõ@∞¡ `˘ÅyáÈ~Ú K«Å¡x "≥<≥ flÅ HÍã¨ ∞ÎOk.J^Õ q^è ŒOQÍ ãÉè íÖ’ ZO^Œ~° ∞ ãÉè Ïã¨ Œ ∞Å∞<åfl, |Å=O`« ∞_≥ ·# ã„`« ÊÉè í ∞=Ù =zÛ#Ñ¨ C_Õ ãÉè íÖ’ `Õ[ã¨ ∞û

"≥ e¡qiã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : ãÉè íÖ’ ZO^Œ~° ∞<åfl, ã=∞~° ∞÷_≥ ·# <åÜ« ∞‰õ Ω_» ∞#flÑ¨ C_Õ ãÉè í ~°H˜ ÎQÆ_» ∞`« ∞Ok.

J~å÷ Å∞ : |e¡ Œ ∞_» ∞ ´ |Å=O`« ∞_» ∞† Z_»ã≤ ´ ÖË‰õ ΩO_»

"åºMÏº#O : ~å*Ï™ê÷#OÖ’ =∞O„ « ∞Å∞, ™ê=∞O`« ∞Å∞, «H˜ ¯# Ñi"å~°O KÕi=ÙO\Ï~° ∞. HÍx, |Å=O`« ∞_≥ ·#ã„`« ÊÉè í ∞=Ù =zÛ ã≤OÇ¨ ã#O g∞ Œ ‰õ Ä~° ∞Û#flÑ¨ C_Õ P™ê÷<åxH HõàÏHÍO`« ∞Å∞ =™êÎ~Ú. J Õ q^è ŒOQÍ XHõãÉè íÖ’ ã¨ Œã¨ ∞ºÖO^Œ~À Pã‘#∞Öˇ · =ÙO\Ï~° ∞. HÍx, ¿Ñ~° ∞ „ÑMÏº`« ∞Å∞ QÆÅ =ÚYº Jukä „Ñ¨ "ÕtOz#Ñ¨ Ù_Õ ãÉè íâ’ÉèÏÜ« ∞=∂#=∞ø`« ∞Ok. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õΩ, PHÍâ◊OÖ’ ÅHõ ∆Å H˘Åk #Hõ∆ „`åÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. HÍx K«O„^Œ ∞_» ∞L^Œ~ÚOz#Ñ¨ C_Õ pHõ\ `˘Åy "≥<≥ flÅ HÍã¨ ∞ÎOk. JO ŒiH PÇ¨ ¡ ŒO HõÅ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: There could be countless stars in the sky, but the darkness can be dispelled

only when the moon rises. Similarly there could be a crowd of hundred courtiers

assembled in the court, but the assembly is complete only when a strong and mighty

king adorns the throne.

Dispel = remove

Adorn = decorate

Moral: An assembly is complete and effective only when a great leader presides over

it.

V

58. « =∞ HÍ~° ºO|∞ Ñ¨ i « ºlOzÜ« Ú |~å~° ÷ „áêÑ‰õ ΩÖò ã¨ [˚ #∞Öò, Œ =∞ HÍ~° ºO|∞ Ñ¶¨ ∞\OK« ∞K« ∞<£ |~° Ç≤ Ï`å~°÷ "åºÑ¨ $ « ∞Öò =∞ è Œ º=ÚÖò, Œ =∞Ô H· Ü« ∞#ºÇ≤ Ï`å~° ÷ Ñ¶ ¨ ∂ « ∞Hõ [#∞Öò ≥ · « ∞ºÖò, =$ ä •<åº~°÷ Éè íO

QÆ =Ú QÍqOK≥_» ∞"å~° Öˇ =fi~˘ Ü≥ ∞~° ∞OQÆ <£ â◊Hõ º"Õ ∞ ÜÕ ∞iH˜ <£.– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi




Éè Ï=O : «=∞ HÍ~åºxfl = ŒÅ∞H˘x, ~Ú «~° ∞Å‰õ Ω "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕ ¿ã"å~° ∞ ã[#∞Å∞. «=∞ HÍ~åºxfl <≥~° "Õ~° ∞ÛH˘O@∂,~Ú «~° ∞Å HÍ~åºÅ#∞ KÕ ¿ã"å~° ∞ =∞^è Œ º=ÚÅ∞. «=∞ HÍ~° ºO HÀãO ~Ú «~° ∞Å HÍ~åºxfl K≥_»Q˘>Ë ì "å~° ∞ J^è Œ=ÚÅ∞.`«=∞‰õ Ω Z@∞=O\˜ "Õ ∞Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆHõáÈ~Ú<å ~Ú «~° ∞Å HÍ~åºxfl =$^ä •QÍ Éè íOQÆÑ~°KÕ "åà◊ ¡#∞, U=∞x Ñ≤Å"åÖ’`≥ eÜ« ∞_»OÖË Œ ∞.

hu : ™êfi~° ÷O = ŒÅ∞H˘x, Ñ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω ¿ã= KÕÜ« Ú"å~° ∞ L`« Î=ÚÅ∞.J~å÷ Å∞ : J#ºÇ≤ Ï`å~° ÷ Ñ¶ ¨ ∂`« ∞Hõ[#∞Öò ´ W`«~° ∞Å HÍ~åºÅ#∞ Éè íOQÆÑiKÕ "åà◊ √¡ † ^≥ · « ∞ºÖò ´ ~åHõ ∆ ã¨ ∞Å∞†=$^ä •<åº~° ÷Éè íOQÆ=Ú ´ =$^ä •QÍ W`«~° ∞Å HÍ~åºÅ#∞ Éè íOQÆÑ~°K«@O† Ñ~å~° ÷„áêÑ‰õ ΩÖò ´ W`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω "Õ ∞Å∞KÕÜ« Ú"å~° ∞† Ñ~° Ç≤ Ï`å~° ÷ "åºÑ¨ $`« ∞Öò Ñ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« Ú>Ë =$uÎQÍ QÆÅ"å~° ∞.

Meaning: People who help others, neglecting their own work are truly the best among

mankind, they are virtuous. Others who help others while taking care of their own work

are the next best. The third group of people who spoil others’ work to promote theirown are the worst kind of people. There are still others who do not gain anything for

themselves but yet harm others’ work. They cannot be described with a suitable word

and are beyond any expression.

Moral: People who are unselfish and help others are the best among mankind.

V

59. hu „áœ_è » qÇ¨ ~° ∞Öˇ · # xÑ¨ Ù∞Öò xOkOÑ h "≥ ∞K« Ûh, MÏºuO*Ok# ãOÑ¨ Œ Öò xÅ∞=h QÍ_è »O|∞QÍ ™êQÆ h, Ñ¶ ¨ ∂ «O|Ñ¨ C_» á⁄O Œ h xÜ« ∞u"≥ ∞ÿQÍh Ü« ÚQÍO «O|∞#<£ hu âß¡ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞ºÑ¨ ä ŒO|∞ Œ Ñ¨ Ê~° ∞ QÆ ^• x « ºO|∞ nè ~À « Î =ÚÖò.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi

Éè Ï=O : huq^Œ ∞Öˇ ·# xÑ¨ Ù∞Å∞ xOkOz<å, "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘<åfl `«=∞ ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ xeÛ<å, `«iyáÈ`« ∞<åfl,

^≥|ƒÅ∞ `«ye<å, `«QÆÅHõáÈ~Ú<å nè~À « Î=ÚÖˇ ·# "å~° ∞ `«=∞ hu =∂~åæxfl «Ñ≤ Ê #_»=~° ∞. hu : Zxfl HõëêìÅ∞ =zÛ<å, ã¨[#∞Å∞ hu ŒÑ¨ Ê~° ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Ñ¶ ¨ ∂`«=Ú ´ ^≥|ƒ† âß¡Ñ¶ ¨ ∞ºÑ¨ ä ŒO|∞ ´ á⁄QÆ_» Œy# =∂~° æO.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» nè~À`« Î=ÚÖˇ ·# "åix QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»O [iyOk. huq^Œ ∞Öˇ ·# xÑ¨ Ù∞Å∞ xOkOK«=K« ∞Û, "≥ ∞K« ∞ÛHÀ=K« ∞Û. `«# ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ xÅ∞==K« ∞Û, `«iyáÈ=K« ∞Û. `«#‰õ Ω "Õ ∞Å∞ [~° ∞QÆ=K« ∞Û, H©_» ∞ HõÅ∞QÆ=K« ∞Û.

J~Ú<å nè~° ∞Öˇ ·#"å~° ∞ `å"≥ ∞#∞flH˘#fl hu =∂~åæxfl `«Ñ≤ Ê K«iOK«~° ∞.Meaning: Truly righteous men do not stray from the path of what is right and true. It

does not matter to them whether others praise them or criticize them, whether they

faced with troubles or their path runs smooth.




Éè Ï=O : J_»qÖ’ Ñ¨ Óz<å, =∞Öˇ ¡Ñ¨ ÓÅ ã¨ ∞"åã# `«QÆ æ Œ ∞. K≥@∞ì „HO^Œ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO_ç É’kèOz<å QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù QÍiÉ’ è Œ# qÅ∞=`«QÆ æ Œ ∞. Ñ¨ Ói QÆ ∞_ç ÃãÖ’ =Ù<åfl, HÍ~°_»qÖ’ =Ù<åfl nè=∞O`« ∞x `Õ[ã¨ ∞û `«QÆ æ Œ ∞.

hu : `≥ eqHõÅ"å_» ∞ ZHõ ¯_» ∞<åfl ~å™êÎ_» ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : „ÑuÉè Ï=O`« ∞ÖHõ ¯_» ∞<åfl ~å™êÎ~°x ~ÚK« Û@ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. J_»qÖ’ Ñ¨ Óz<å, =∞Öˇ ¡Ñ¨ Ó=Ùã¨ ∞"åã# «yæáÈ^Œ ∞. K≥@∞ì„HO^Œ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO_ç K« Œ ∞=Ù K≥Ñ≤ Ê<å, ã¨ Œ ∞æ~° ∞x É’^è Œ<åâ◊H˜ Î ‰õ ΩO@∞Ñ_» Œ ∞. QÆ ∞_ç ÃãÖ’x=ã≤ã¨ ∞Î<åfl, J_»=ÙÖ’¡=Ù<åfl „ÑuÉè Ï=O`« ∞x `Õ[ã¨ ∞û `«iyáÈ Œ ∞.

Meaning: The fragrance of a jasmine flower does in no way become less even if it

blooms in a forest. The value of the teaching of a teacher is no less erudite even if he

teaches under a tree. The brilliance of a learned man does not dim whether he is in a

thick forest or in a humble cottage.

Erudite = áêO_ç « ºOMoral: An intelligent, learned man is sure to shine wherever he is.

V




7. ™êfi~° ÷ Ñ¨^Œ úu

62. ™êfi~° ÷ =Ú#∞ [~ÚOK« ∞ ã¨O™ê¯~° "Õ ∞, Éè Ë Œ =∞QÆ ∞#∞, =∂#=Ù#‰õΩ =∞$QÆ =Ú#‰õΩ#∞, ™êfi~° ÷ =Ú#∞ [~ÚOÑ *ÏÅx =∞#∞AO_» ∞ q∞yeáÈ=Ù [QÆ u =∞$QÆ =ÚQÍ<≥.

– =∂#= w «

Éè Ï=O : ™êfi~° ÷ â◊H˜ Îx [~ÚOK«QÆÅ ãO™ê¯~°=Ú#fl"å_Õ =∂#=Ù_» ∞. ™êfi~° ÷â◊H˜ Îx [~ÚOK«ÖËx"å_» ∞ =∞$QÆOQÍq∞yeáÈ`å_» ∞. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡, „Ñu #~° ∞_» ∞ =∞$QÆ « fi^Œâ◊ #∞O_ç =∂#=`« fi ^Œâ◊‰õ Ω Z^ŒQÍe. ^•xH `åºQÆOJ=ã~°O.

hu : ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOz#"å_Õ =∂#=Ù_» ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOK«_» "Õ ∞ =∂#=`« fi=∞x ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ™êfi~° ÷O ã~° fi r=ÙÅ‰õ Ω ™ê=∂#º^è Œ~° ‡O. HÍx, ãO™ê¯~°O`À D ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOK«_» "Õ ∞ =∂#=Ù#‰õ Ω, =∞$QÍxH =Ù#fl Éè Ë ŒO. ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOK«ÖËx =∂#=Ù_» ∞ =∞$QÆOÖÏˆ Q q∞yeáÈ`å_» ∞. =∂#=Ù_» ∞ `«# q*Ï# â◊H˜ Î À ™êfi~å÷xfl [~ÚOKåe.

Meaning: A truly cultured man is one who is able to conquer selfishness. The difference

between a human being and a beast is the ability of man to overcome selfishness. If ahuman being cannot conquer selfishness he will remain a beast.

Moral: A true human being is one who has overcome selfishness.

V

63. ãHõ År= « uH ã iÑ_» ∞ J#fl=Ú‡ è Œ ~° QÆ ~° ƒù =∞O Œ ∞ ^•yÜ« ÚO_≥ ^•x H˘~° Ô H #~° ∞_» ∞ "Õ #"ÕÖò Ü« Ú^•ú Å∞ [iÑ≤ <å_» ∞, <Õ_» ∞ [~° ∞Ñ¨ ÙK« ∞O_≥.

– =∂#=w «

Éè Ï=O : Éè í ∂QÆ~° ƒùOÖ’ Jxfl r=ÙÅ‰õ Ω ãiÑ_Õ PÇ¨ ~°O ^•y =ÙOk. ÃÑ·~° ∞ ÑO@Å ^•fi~å Jk =∞#‰õ Ω

Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk. Éè í ∂QÆ~° ƒùOÖ’ =Ù#fl Yx[ ãOÑ¨ Œ ‰õ Ä_® PÇ¨ ~° ™ê^è Œ#‰õ Ω J=ã~°O. ^•x H˘~°‰õ Ω K«i„ «Ö’=∂#=Ù_≥<Àfl Ü« Ú^•úÅ∞ KÕã≤<å_» ∞, KÕã¨ ∞Î<åfl_» ∞. ™êfi~° ÷ "Õ ∞ nxHõO`«‰õ Ω =¸ÅO.

hu : ™êfi~° ÷ "Õ ∞, „ÑÑOK«OÖ’ [iˆ Q Jxfl Ü« Ú^•úÅ‰õ Ω HÍ~° O. Ü« Ú^Œ úO q<åâ◊ ¿ÇÏ`« ∞=Ù.




"åºMÏº#O : [x‡Oz# „Ñ¨u a_» ¤‰õ Ω ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OáÈ+Hõ â◊H˜ Î =KÕ Û^•Hõ HÍ=Åã≤# PÇ¨ ~åxfl, „ÑHõ $u `« e¡K«#∞ÉÏÅÖ’ •z =ÙOzOk. a_» ¤ ÃÑ Œ Ì ≥ ·# `«~åfi`« HÍ=Åã≤# PÇ¨ ~åxfl, Éè í ∂=∂`« QÆ~° ƒùOÖ’ „ÑHõ $u •z=ÙOzOk. P PÇ¨ ~åxfl KÕlH˜ ¯OK« ∞HÀ=_»O HÀã¨ "Õ ∞ =∂#=ÙÅ∞ "Õ#"ÕÅ∞ Ü« Ú^•úÅ∞ KÕâß~° ∞, KÕã¨ ∞Î<åfl~° ∞.nxH˜ ™êfi~° ÷ "Õ ∞ =¸Å=∞x =∞#O `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ"åe. HÍ|\˜ ì âßOux HÀˆ ~"å~° ∞ ™êfi~å÷xfl q_ç zÃÑ\Ïì e.

Meaning: Food for the need of entire mankind is found in the bowels of the earth. Itappears as grain and man can harvest it. The mineral wealth inside the earth helps man

to prosper. Down the ages, greed for this wealth has caused many wars, and wars are

still being waged in the present day. The main cause for all this misery is greed and

selfishness in man.

Moral: Greed and selfishness are the main causes of all wars in this world.

V

64. J_» qÖ’x [O « ∞"åHõ Öˇ · #Ñ¨ C_» ∞ uO_ç u#∞#∞ Hõ_» ∞Ñ¨ Ù xO_» ∞ =~° Ô HJ@∞ÅQÍHõ, =∞#∞A_®â◊ `À ã¨ ~° fi=Ú‡ ^ÀK«∞H˘#∞#∞ Ñ≤ ŒÑ¨ ^•K« ∞H˘#∞#∞.

– =∂#=w « Éè Ï=O : J_»qÖ’ =ÙO_Õ [O`« ∞=Ù PHõÖˇ ·#Ñ¨ C_Õ =∞~˘Hõ [O`« ∞=Ù#∞ K«OÑ≤ uO@∞Ok. =∞x+≤ J\Ï¡ HÍ Œ ∞Pâ◊ À ã~° fi ãOÑ¨ Œ efl ^ÀK« ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. `«~åfi`« ^•K« ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. D q+Ü« ∞OÖ’ =∞x+≤, [O`« ∞=Ù HõO>ˇ

Ç‘ Ï#∞_»x K≥Ñ¨ Ê=K« ∞Û.

hu : =∂#=Ù_» ∞ [O`« ∞ ^Œâ◊ #∞O_ç =∂#=`« fi ^Œâ◊‰õ Ω Z^ŒQÍe.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» [O`« ∞=ÙÅ‰õ Ω, =∂#=ÙÅ‰õ Ω =Ù#fl Éè Ë •xfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. J_»qÖ’ =Ù#fl [O`« ∞=ÙPHõ eÜ≥ ÿ ∞#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ =∂„`« "Õ ∞ WOH˘Hõ [O`« ∞=Ù#∞ K«OÑ≤, PHõ e fˆ ~ =~°‰õ Ω uO@∞Ok. `«~åfiu k<åÅ‰õ ΩPÇ¨ ~åxfl •zÃÑ@∞ìH˘#^Œ ∞. =∂#=Ù_»\Ï¡ HÍ Œ ∞. PHõ e fi# `«~åfi`« ‰õ Ä_», PÇ¨ ~åxfl Pâ◊ À ^ÀK« ∞H˘x^•K« ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. D q+Ü« ∞OÖ’ =∂#=Ù_» ∞ [O`« ∞=Ù HõO>Ë Ç‘ Ï#OQÍ „Ñ=iÎã¨ ∞Î<åfl_» ∞.

Meaning: The beast in the forest kills only to satisfy its hunger. Man, on the other hand

plunders to satisfy his greed and then hoards his plunder. This act of his makes him far

inferior to any beast.

Plunder = ^ÀK« ∞HÀ=_»O, Hoard = ^•K« ∞HÀ=_»O

Moral: Mankind has to progress from the beastly level to a human level.

V




65. ^ÀK« ∞H˘<≥_» ∞ "å~° ∞, ^ÀK« |_≥_» ∞ "å~° ∞ ≥QÆ Å∞ Ô ~O_» ∞ Hõ Å=Ù [QÆ u Ü« ∞O Œ ∞ "åi =∞ è Œ º [~° ∞QÆ ∞ áÈ~å@"Õ ∞ <Õ \˜

Ñ¶ ¨ ∞’~°Hõ $ « º=ÚÅ‰õ Ω HÍ~° =Ú‡. – =∂#=w «

Éè Ï=O : „ÑÑOK«OÖ’ ^ÀK« ∞H˘<Õ "å~° ∞, ^ÀK«|_Õ "å~° ∞ Jx Ô ~O_» ∞ `≥QÆÅ =∞#∞+¨ µÅ∞<åfl~° ∞. "åi =∞^è Œ º[~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞#fl x~°O`«~° "≥ ∞ÿ# áÈ~å@"Õ ∞, ~¸<å\˜ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞’~°Hõ $`åºÅ‰õ Ω HÍ~° O. D ÀÑ≤_ç q^è •<åxfl JiHõ\˜ ì#Ñ¨ Ù_ÕÖ’HõOÖ’ ã¨ ∞YâßO`« ∞Å∞ U~° Ê_» ∞`å~Ú.

hu : ™êfi~° ÷Ñ~° ∞Å ^ÀÑ≤_çx, JiHõ\˜ ì#Ñ¨ Ù_Õ Ö’HõOÖ’ ã¨ ∞YâßO`« ∞Å∞O\Ï~Ú.

"åºMÏº#O : |Å=O « ∞Å∞, |ÅÇ‘ Ï#∞efl ÖÁOQÆnã¨ ∞H˘x, "åi ã¨OÑ¨ Œ#∞ ^ÀK« ∞H˘O\Ï~° ∞. Wk J<åkQÍÖ’HõOÖ’ [~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞#fl q+Ü« ∞O. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡, ã=∂[OÖ’ ÀK« ∞H˘<Õ "å~° ∞, ÀK«|_Õ "å~° ∞ J<Õ Ô ~O_» ∞ ≥QÆÅ∞U~° Ê_®¤~Ú. D Ô ~O_» ∞ ≥QÆÅ =∞ è Œ º [iˆ Q áÈ~å@"Õ ∞, Z<Àfl Ñ¶ ¨ ∞’~°Hõ $`åºÅ‰õ Ω HÍ~° =∞ø « ∞#flk. D áÈ~å\Ïxfl PÑ≤#Ñ¨ C_Õ Ö’HõOÖ’ ã¨ ∞YâßO`« ∞Å∞O\Ï~Ú.

Meaning: There are two groups in the human world. They are, those who plunder and

those who are plundered. It is the struggle between these two groups that causes all the

terrible acts

that shatter the world. When such a state of affairs is controlled, peace

and prosperity can reign in the world.

Reign = rule

Moral: Peace and joy can fill the world only when the greed and selfishness in man is

controlled.

V




8. J~° ÷ Ñ¨ Œúu

66. WK« ∞Û"åx Ü≥ Ú Œ Ì hÜ« ∞x "å_» ∞#fl K« K« ∞ÛQÍx ~¸q ™êQÆ h_» ∞Hõ ÅÊ « ~° ∞=Ù „HO Œ QÆ K« ÛK≥ @∞ì #fl@∞¡ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : ^• « ^ŒQÆ æ~° Ö’aè KÕi#@¡~Ú Õ, J`«_» ∞ Z=fiiH© Ug∞ ~¸Ü« ∞hÜ« ∞_» ∞. "å_» ∞ HõÅÊ=$Hõ ∆ O „HO^Œ=ÚO_» ¡ À ‰õ Ä_» ∞H˘#fl QÆK« Û á⁄^ŒÖÏO\˜ "å_» ∞.

hu : Ö’aèx ^Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOKåe.

"åºMÏº#O : HõÅÊ «~° ∞=Ù JO>Ë =∞#O HÀi# Ñ¶ ÖÏÅxKÕ Û ^Õ=`å =$Hõ ∆ O. ^•x ^ŒQÆ æ~° =ÚO_» ¡ À xO_ç#QÆK« ÛK≥@∞ì =ÙO>Ë, JHõ ¯_çH Z=~° ∞#∞ áÈÖË~° ∞. P Ñ¶ ÖÏÅ#∞ JO^Œ ∞HÀÖË~° ∞, J^Õ q è ŒOQÍ XHõ ^•#je = Œ Ì,Ö’aè KÕi`Õ, Ji÷OKÕ "åix ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω ~åhÜ« ∞_» ∞ ^•#je "åiÔ H\˜ ì ™êÜ« ∞O KÕÜ« ∞ÖË_» ∞.

Meaning: If a miser is close to a generous man, he will not allow him to give anything

in charity to anyone. The mythical tree of paradise is the ‘kalpavriksha’ which is capable

of granting anything that one desires. A miser is like the thorny bush, under the

kalpavriksha, which prevents all from the benefits it grants.

Moral: One is wise to keep away from miserly men.

V

67. è Œ #=Ú ‰õ Ä_» Éˇ \˜ ì ^•#O|∞ ¿ãÜ« ∞Hõ `å#∞ u#Hõ Öˇã¨ û^•K« ∞ Ö’aè,

Õ <≥ \©QÆ ‰õ ÄiÛ ≥ ~° ∞=iHÜ« ∞º^• qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : `å#∞ u#‰õ ΩO_®, ^•#O KÕÜ« ∞‰õ ΩO_®, Ö’aè ‰õ Ä_»É\˜ ì# ^è Œ#O, z=~°‰õ Ω Ñ~° ∞ÅáêÖ∫`« ∞Ok.`Õ<≥\©QÆÅ∞ Õ<≥ ≥>ˇ ìÖ’ ‰õ ÄiÛ ÃÑ\˜ ì# `Õ<≥, z=~°‰õ Ω XHõ ÉÏ@™êi áêÖˇ ·áÈ`« ∞Ok QÆ^•. áêzÑO_» ¡ "å_» ∞^•zÃÑ_ç Õ |OQÍ~° ∞ ÑO_» ¡ "å_» ∞ uO\Ï_» ∞.

hu : Ö’aè ^è Œ#O Ñ~° ∞Å áêÅ=Ù`« ∞Ok Hõ#∞Hõ ^è Œ<åxfl ãkfixÜ≥ ∂QÆO KÕÜ« ∂e.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ≥~° ∞=i ÉÏ@™êi




"åºMÏº#O : ÉÏÅºOÖ’ ^•i„^Œ ºO =Å¡, Z<Àfl HõëêìÅ#∞ Z^Œ ∞~˘¯x, K« Œ ∞=ÙH˘x, XHõ =$uÎx KÕÑ\ ˜ ì^è Œ<å~° # KÕ ¿ã"å~° ∞ ZO Œ~À Ö’HõOÖ’ =Ù<åfl~° ∞. z#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ è Œ#O ÖËHõ, Ñ_» ¤ ÉÏ è Œ efl `«ÅK« ∞H˘O@∂ å=ÚãOáêkOz# ^è Œ<åxfl JÑ¨ Ù~° ∂ÑOQÍ K« ∂K« ∞H˘x, ^•xx «=∞ HÀãO HÍx, `«=∞ Éè Ï~° º HÀãO HÍx Y~° ∞Û

ÃÑ@ì_®xH W+¨ ìÑ_»Hõ, ^•K« ∞H˘<Õ "å~° ∞ ‰õ Ä_» =Ù<åfl~° ∞. JÖÏ ^•K« ∞H˘#fl ^è Œ#O ^˘OQÆÅ áêÖˇ ·áÈ=K« ∞Û.P^•Ü« ∞O Ñ#∞fl âßY"åi KÕuH zHõ ¯=K« ∞Û. P q è ŒOQÍ ‰õ Ä_»É\ ˜ ì# ^è Œ<åxfl Ö’aè áÈQ˘@∞ì‰õ ΩO\Ï_» ∞.

Meaning: A miser, who does not spend on himself, or others, keeps his wealth

untouched. He does not realize that one day that wealth will find its way into another’s

hands, like honey, that is collected so diligently by the bees, is enjoyed by someone

else.

Diligently = „â◊ Œ ú À

Moral: A miser’s wealth is never used by him and is used by others after him. Wealth

is meant to be spent well for good actions.

V

68. Hõ eq∞QÆ Å∞æ <å_» ∞, HÍ#_» ∞ =∞ Œ =Ú# ÖË q∞ <å_» ∞ "≥ Ú Œ Ö ÖË Œ ∞ÃÑ@ì,

Hõ eq∞ÖË q∞ ÖË x HÍÅ=Ú‡ QÆ Å∞QÆ ∞<å! qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞! Éè Ï=O : è Œ#O =Ù#fl<å_» ∞ QÆ~° fiO`À Z=fiiH© •#O KÕÜ« ∞_» ∞. è Œ#O ÖËx <å_» ∞ å#∞ •#O KÕÜ« ∂Å#∞H˘<åfl KÕÜ« ∞ÖË_» ∞. Hõ eq∞, ÖËq∞ Ô ~O_» ∞ ÖËx HÍÅO =ÙO_» Œ ∞ Hõ •!

hu : ^è Œ#O L#flÑ¨ C_Õ ^•#O KÕÜ« ∂e.

"åºMÏº#O : « e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å #∞O_ç QÍx, «=∞ ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OHõ $+≤ =Å¡ QÍx, è Œ<åxfl á⁄O^Õ "å~° ∞ ZO^Œ~À =Ù<åfl~° ∞.JÖÏ ^è Œ#=O`« ∞Öˇ ·# H˘O Œ~° ∞ ^è Œ# QÆ~° fiO`À =∞kOz, Z=fiiH© ^•#O QÍx, ™êÜ« ∞O QÍx KÕÜ« ∞~° ∞.J#∞HÀ‰õ ΩO_» "åºáê~°OÖ’ =zÛ# #+¨ ìO =Å¡ QÍx, «=∞ Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ Œ ∞ÉÏ~å KÕÜ« ∞_»O =Å¡ QÍx, "å~å^è Œ<åxfl áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘O\Ï~° ∞. JÑ¨ C_» ∞ ^•#^è Œ~å‡Å∞ KÕÜ« ∂Åx "å~° ∞ „ÑÜ« ∞uflOz<å "åi KÕuÖ’ è Œ#OÖË#O Œ ∞=Å¡, P „ÑÜ« ∞`åflÅ∞ Ñ¶ ¨ eOK«=Ù. è Œ#O KÕuÖ’ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ J\˜ ì Ñ#∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞ÖËHõáÈÜ« ∂=∞x "å~° ∞

zO`«Ö’ =ÚxyáÈ`å~° ∞. ^è Œ#O L#fl HÍÅO =ÙO@∞Ok. è Œ#O ÖËx HÍÅO =ÙO@∞Ok. Ô ~O_» ∞ ÖËx HÍÅO=ÙO_» Œx "å~° ∞ PÅã¨ ºOQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞H˘O\Ï~° ∞.

Meaning: A rich man has no heart to spend when he is prosperous and wealthy as hisriches blind him with arrogance. He does not share his wealth with anyone. A man in

poverty cannot be generous because he does not have the ability to do so. It is strange




that people cannot spend for charitable acts, when they are well off and when in poverty

they have nothing to spend. Either riches or poverty are with man all the time.

Moral: A man should be generous when he has money.

V

69. è Œ #=Ú ÖË q∞ Ü« ∞#∞@ ^•"å#ÅO|QÆ ∞ « #∞fl * ~° K« ∞ « # Œ ∞ ^•Ñ Ù*ˇ ~° K« ∞ è Œ #=Ú ÖË q∞, =∞kx « ÅK« ∞@ áêÑ¨O|∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : ^•i„ Œ ºO •"åyfl ÖÏO\˜k. Jk Œi„ Œ ∞Ë ‚ HÍ Œ ∞, J`«x ^ŒQÆ æ~° =Ù#fl "åà◊ §#∞ ‰õ Ä_» HÍÖË Ûã¨ ∞ÎOk.^•i„^•ºxfl QÆ ∂iÛ `«ÅK« ∞HÀ=_»O áêÑO. Jk XHõ ÃÑ Œ Ì Ñ‘_»HõÅ ÖÏO\k.

hu : ^•i„ Œ ºO =∞Ç¨ Éè íÜ« ∞OHõ~° "≥ ∞ÿ#k. Jk Ü≥ ∞=iH© ~å‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : Pã≤ Îáêã¨ ∞ÎÅ∞ ÖËHõ, Ô ~HÍ¯_ç`Õ HÍx, _˘HÍ¯_»x x~° ∞¿Ñ^Œ efl „QÍ=∂ÅÖ’, Ñ@ì ÏÅÖ’x |ã‘ ÎÖ’¡x,=ÚiH˜ "å_»Ö’¡ =∞#O K« ∂ã¨ ∞Î<åflO. "åiH u#_®xH ãiÜ≥ ÿ ∞# uO_ç, „`åQÆ_®xH =∞Ozhà◊ √§, LO_»_®xH˜â◊ √„Éè í "≥ ∞ÿ# WÅ∞¡ =ÙO_»=Ù. JHõ ¯_» ^Œ ∞~° æO^è ŒO ‰õ Ä_® "åºÑ≤Oz Ü« ÚO@∞Ok. J\˜ ì ^•~° ∞ Ñiã≤ ÷u, P

„áêO`åxHõO`å qã¨ ÎiOz =ÙO@∞Ok. <åQÆi‰õ ΩÖˇ ·#"å~° ∞ P „áêO`åxfl Œi≈OK«~° ∞. J\˜ ì Œ ∞~° ƒù~° •i„^•ºxfl,=ÓÇ≤ ÏOK« ∞HÀ=_» "Õ ∞ <åQÆiHõ ã=∂*ÏxH Ñ‘_»HõÅ ÖÏO\k. HÍ|\˜ ì ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OHõ $+≤ À Œi„^•ºxfl Œi^•Ñ¨ ÙÅ‰õ Ω~å‰õ ΩO_® K« ∂K« ∞HÀ"åe.

Meaning: Poverty is like a fire. It consumes not only the poor man but all those around

him. It is wrong to even dwell on the thought of poverty. It is nothing short of a night

mare.

Nightmare = frightening dream,

^Œ ∞ã¨ ûfiÑ¨ flO†dwell =

PÖ’K«# xÅ∞Ñ¨ Ù@Moral: Poverty is very frightening. It should never happen to anyone.

V

70. Hõ Å<å\˜ è Œ #=Ú ÅHõ ¯~°QÆ Å<å\H ^•K«, QÆ =∞ÅQÆ ~° ∞ƒù x =â◊ =∂?

<≥ Å#_ç q∞<å\˜ "≥ <≥ flÅÜ« ∞Å=_» ∞<Õ QÍ ≥ É’Ü« ∞ #=∞=ã¨ xã≤H˜ <£.– ÃÑ Œ Ì #




Éè Ï=O : ãOÑ¨ ŒÖ’ =Ù#flÑ¨ Ù_» ∞ `«# ŒQÆ æ~° =Ù#fl è Œ<åxfl, J=ã~°O =zÛ# <å\H ^•z =ÙOK«_»O Z=fiiH˜™ê^è Œ ºO HÍ^Œ ∞. Ñ¨ Ù#flq∞<å_» ∞ HÍz# "≥<≥ flÅ#∞, J=∂"åã¨ º <å\H ^•z =ÙOK« ∞HÀ=_»O ™ê^è Œ º"Õ ∞<å?

hu : L#fl<å\ ^è Œ#O, J=ã~°=Ú#fl <å\H ^•z=ÙOK«ÖË=Ú.

"åºMÏº#O : XHõ =ºH˜ ÎH, « e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å •fi~å É’Ö_» ∞ Pã≤ Î ÅaèOzOk. Éè Ï~° º •fi~å ÃÑ^Œ Ì Hõ@flO =zÛOk.WÅ∞¡, á⁄ÅO, #QÆÅ∞ W`åºk ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ ã=∞‰õ Ä_®~Ú. #_»=∞O„ «Ñ¨ Ùã≤iÖ’ Xà◊ √¡ ≥ eÜ« ∞Hõ J`«_» ∞ qÖÏ™êÅÖ’=Úxy =ºã<åÅ‰õ Ω Ö’|_ç, Pã≤ Î#O`å Hõ~° ∂Ê~°OÖÏQÍ Hõ~°yOKÕâß_» ∞. XHõ ¯ ÃÑ·™ê ‰õ Ä_® KÕuÖ’ ÖË#O Œ ∞=Å¡,k#O QÆ_»=_»O Hõ+¨ ì "≥ ∞ÿáÈ~ÚOk. J`«x P~ÀQÆ ºO ‰õ Ä_» H© ∆ OzOk. J\˜ ì PÑ¨ ŒÅÖ’ #∞Oz Éˇ ·@Ñ_»_®xH˜J`«xH ^èŒ#O J=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ#k. HÍx P ^è Œ#O J`«xH ÅÉè í ºO HÍÖË^Œ ∞. `«# ŒQÆ æ~° ^è Œ#O =Ù#flÑ¨C_» ∞J=ã~åxH ÑxH =ã¨ ∞ÎO^Œx H˘OK≥O ‰õ Ä_» •xfl •K« ∞HÀÖËHõáÈÜ« ∂_» ∞. Ñ¨ Ù#flq∞ <å\˜ "≥<≥ flÅ#∞ J=∂"åã º<å\H ^•K« ∞HÀ=_»O ™ê è Œ ºO HÍ^Œx PÅã¨ ºOQÍ J`«_» ∞ `≥ eã≤H˘<åfl_» ∞.

Meaning: It does not seem possible to keep aside any amount of wealth for a futurerainy day. A man may find that on a day he really needs money he may have none, even

though he had been wealthy in the past. The poet asks whether it is possible to store the

moonlight of a full moon for the dark night of the new moon.

Moral: Wealth in hand today may not be there for the hour of need, tomorrow.

V

71. U #~° ∞#‰õ Ω q « Î =ÚQÆ Å, ^•#~° ∞_» ∞ ‰õ Ωb#∞_» kè‰õ Ω_®~° ∞º_» «O_Õ nè xkè, è Œ #∞º_» ∞ <Õ ~° Êi, <å<åQÆ ∞QÆ =Ú HÍOK« #=Ú‡##∞O_»∞<£

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi

ÉèÏ=O : Z=x ^ŒQÆæ~° ^èŒ#O =ÙO@∞O^À, J`«_Õ =∞Oz =Oâ◊OÖ’ [x‡Oz#"å_»x, Q˘Ñ¨Ê"å_»x, "Õ ∞^è •=O`« ∞_»x, <Õ~° ∞Ê QÆÅ"å_»x, [#‡ ^è Œ#ºO KÕã¨ ∞H˘#fl"å_»x [#O H©iÎ™êÎ~° ∞. Jxfl QÆ ∞ÏÅ∞ ^è Œ#OÖ’=Ù<åflÜ« ∞O@∞On Ö’HõO.

hu : è Œ#O =Ù#fl "åˆ ~ Ö’HõOÖ’ Q˘Ñ¨ ÊQÍ K« ∂_»|_» å~° ∞. Hõ#∞Hõ =∂#=ÙÅ∞ è Œ<å~° # KÕÜ« ∞_»O J=ã~°O.

J~å÷ Å∞ : HÍOK«#=Ú ´ |OQÍ~°O.

"åºMÏº#O : Ö’Hõ ã¨ fiÉè Ï=O qz„`« "≥ ∞ÿ#k. ^è Œ#"Õ ∞ Ö’HÍxfl #_çÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎO^Œx Ö’‰õ ΩÅ∞ qâ◊ fiã≤™êÎ~° ∞. ^è Œ#OQÆÅ"å_Õ JxflO\Ö’ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê"å_»x =∂\Ï¡_» å~° ∞. J`«_Õ L`« Î=∞ =Oâ◊ã¨ ∞÷_»x, "Õ ∞^è •=O`« ∞_»x, ÃÑ Œ Ì =∞x+≤Jx, [#‡ ^è Œ#ºO KÕã¨ ∞H˘#fl"å_»x, <Õ~° ∞ÊQÆÅ"å_»x "Õ<Àà◊ ¡ H©iÎ™êÎ~° ∞. J`« ˜ ‚ |OQÍ~°O`À áÈÅ∞™êÎ~° ∞.^è Œ#O áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘<åfl_»O>Ë, J « ˜ ‚ xHõ $+¨ µ‚_»x `≥QÆ_» ∞`å~° ∞.




Meaning: Whoever has a great deal of wealth in his possession he is accepted by the

world as being born of noble blood. He is also described as a great man, a very intelligent

man, a capable man and as one who is a truly blessed man. The world showers praise

on him. The world seems to presume that all virtues are found in wealth alone.

Presume = take for granted

Moral: Only a man of wealth is highly respected by all. Hence it is necessary to earn

wealth.

V

72. PHõ ex q∞Oz Éè í ∞l~ÚOK« ∞#\˜ ì "å_» r~° ‚ ~ÀQÆO|∞KÕ ÉÏ è Œ *Ok#@∞¡J=ã¨ ~° =Ú#∞ q∞Oz, è Œ <å~° ˚ #=Ú‡ ã¨ Å∞Ñ¨ Ù"å_˘O Œ ∞ ãOÑ¨ kfiëê ŒQÆ ux.

– =∂#= w «

Éè Ï=O : PHõ ex q∞Oz J#flO u#fl"å_» ∞ Jr~° ‚ "åºkè À ÉÏ è ŒÑ_» å_» ∞. JÖÏˆ Q, J=ã~åxfl q∞Oz

^è Œ#=∂iOz#"å_» ∞ ‰õ Ω@∞O|OÖ’, ã=∂[OÖ’ `«ÅÜ≥ ∞`Õ Î J#~å÷Å =Å¡ ÉÏ^è ŒÅ‰õ Ω Ö’#=Ù`å_» ∞. hu : JuQÍ uO>Ë JriÎ ÉÏ è Œ. JuQÍ Pi˚ ¿ãÎ ^•K« ∞H˘<Õ ÉÏ è Œ.

"åºMÏº#O : PHõ e fˆ ~@O`« =~°‰õ Ω J#flO u#_»O P~ÀQÆ ºHõ~°O. PHõ ex q∞Oz Éè ’[#O KÕã≤#"å_» ∞Jr~° ‚ ~ÀQÍxH QÆ ∞i J=Ù`å_» ∞. J^Õ q^è ŒOQÍ, «#‰õ Ω HÍ=Åã≤# ^•xHõO>Ë Z‰õ Ω¯= ^è Œ#O PiOz#"å_» ∞Z<Àfl ã=∞ã¨ ºefl Z^Œ ∞~˘¯#=Åã≤ =ã¨ ∞ÎOk. è Œ#=∞^ŒO`À ‰õ Ω@∞O| ãÉè í ∞ºÖË =ºã<åÅ‰õ Ω ÉÏxãÅ∞ HÍ=K« ∞Û.

"å~° ∞ `«=∞ Œ ∞¢+¨ Ê=~° Î#`À W~° ∞QÆ ∞á⁄~° ∞QÆ ∞ "åi`À HõÅÇ¨ Å∞ H˘x`≥K« ∞ÛHÀ=K« ∞Û. Wk =∞x+≤x =∞#âß≈OuH˜

^Œ ∂~°O KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. nx<Õ ãOÑkfiëê Œ=∞O\Ï~° ∞.Meaning: A man who eats beyond satisfying his hunger has to suffer with indigestion.

One who earns more than is necessary has to suffer with the problems that arise from

his family and society, who wish to take away that money from him.

Moral:Eat more and suffer indigestion.

Earn more wealth and suffer in trying to protect it.

V




73. Ñ¨ Ù « Î_çQÆ Å"åx Ñ ÙO_» ∞ ÉÏ è ≥ · ##∞ =ã¨ ∞ è Œ Ö’# KåÅ"å~° Î Ô H‰õ Ω¯ ¿Ñ Œ "åx WO\˜ ÃÑO_≥ ¡ Â # Z~° ∞QÆ ~° ∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : ^è Œ#O QÆÅ"åx Ñ¨ ÙO_» ∞, ÉÏ^è Œ ÃÑ_Õ Î, Ö’HÍxHõO`å Jk "å~° Î J=Ù`« ∞Ok. J^Õ ¿Ñ Œ "å_ç WO\’¡ ÃÑO_ç ¡ J~Ú Õ ‰õ Ä_», Z=fiiH `≥ eÜ« ∞^Œ ∞.

hu : ^è Œ#O QÆÅ"å_» ∞ U z#flÑx KÕã≤<å ÃÑ Œ Ì "å~° Î J=Ù « ∞Ok.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Ñ Ù`« Î_ç ´ |OQÍ~°O

"åºMÏº#O : ^è Œ#=O`« ∞xH z#fl Ñ¨ ÙO_» ∞ ÖË ¿ãÎ, ^•x ÉÏ^è Œ#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ ÃÑ^Œ ÌQÍ ~å™êÎ~° ∞ Ñ¨„uHõÅ"åà◊ √¡. J^Õ

x~° ∞¿Ñ^Œ "åx ~ÚO\’¡ ÃÑO_ç ¡ J~Ú Õ ‰õ Ä_» "å~° ∞ Ñ\˜ ìOK« ∞HÀ~° ∞. nxx |\˜ ì, „ÑÑOK«O =∞#∞+¨ µÅ HõO>ˇ^è Œ<åxH Z‰õ Ω¯= qÅ∞= Wã¨ ∞ÎO^Œx J~° ÷=∞ø`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: A sore troubling a rich man, becomes big news, that spreads far and wide,

while a wedding in a poor man’s home goes totally unnoticed.

sore = Ñ¨ ÙO_» ∞

Moral: Even a minor event in a rich man’s house is big news.

V




9. Jkè HÍ~° Ñ¨ Œúu

74. JkèHÍ~° QÆ ~åfiO è Œ ∞ _»_» ¤^•~° ∞Å∞ "≥ Œ‰õ Ω « # QÀuÖ’ `å#∞ Ñ¨_ç áÈ=Ù « ∞ Œ‰õ Ω.– =∂#=w «

Éè Ï=O : JkèHÍ~°O`À QÆifiOz, HõO_» ∞¡ =¸ã¨ ∞‰õ ΩáÈ~Ú#"å_» ∞, `«# JkèHÍ~°O xÅ∞Ñ¨ ÙHÀ=_®xH Z<Àfl J_» ¤ •~° ∞Å∞ "≥ Œ‰õ Ω`å_» ∞. z=~°‰õ Ω, å#∞ „`«=Ùfi‰õ Ω#fl QÀuÖ’<Õ å#∞ Ñ¨_çáÈ`å_» ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì JkèHÍ~° QÆ~° fiOÑxH~å^Œ ∞.

hu : JkèHÍ~°O`À q∞_çã≤Ñ_ç Õ QÀuÖ’ kQÆ|_»Hõ `«Ñ¨ Ê^Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : „Ñ¨ÑOK« K«i„ «Ö’ Z<Àfl ™ê„=∂*ÏºÅ∞ U~° Ê_®¤~Ú. ~å[=Oâ◊ã¨ ∞÷Öˇ ·# K«„Hõ=~° ∞ÎÅ∞ JkèHÍ~°OK≥ÖÏ~ÚOKå~° ∞. „Ñ[Å u~° ∞QÆ ∞ÉÏ@∞ =Å¡ KåÅ ~å[=OâßÅ∞ JO «iOzáÈÜ« ∂~Ú. Z‰õ Ω¯= ™ê„=∂*ÏºÅ∞JO`«iOK«_®xH HÍ~° O K«„Hõ=~° ∞ÎÅ∞ QÆ~åfiO^è Œ ∞Öˇ · „Ñ[Å#∞ Ç≤ ÏOã≤OK«_» "Õ ∞.

Meaning: A man with power is blinded with his arrogance and tries to safeguard his

power by wrong methods. Finally he falls into the very trap that he has set himself.

Thus men in power should realize, that pride can lead to their downfall.

vanity = empty pride

Moral: The vanity of a man in power leads to his downfall.

V

75. ã¨ ¢ « Ê=~° Î #=Ú‡ [QÆ u <Õ Öˇ #∞ =Ú#∞fl J~° ÷ |Å=Ú ^•x #QÆ „^˘Ô H¯ HõO_» |Å=Ú <Õ_» ∞ QÆ ≥ Ì <≥ Ô H¯#∞ QÆ ^• hu ÖËHõ, áêÑ cè u ÖËHõ.

– =∂#= w «

Éè Ï=O : Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO ã¨ ¢`« Ê=~° Î# HõÅ"åˆ ~ „Ñ[Å JO_» À JkèHÍ~°O KÕÑ>Ë ì "å~° ∞. `«~åfi`« ^è Œ#O HõÅ"å~° ∞

ã[#∞efl JQÆ„^˘H˜ ¯, è Œ#|ÅO`À ~å*ÏºkèHÍ~åxfl KÕlH˜ ¯OK« ∞HÀ=_»O "≥ Ú^ŒÅ∞ÃÑ\Ïì~° ∞. „Ñã¨ ∞Î «O HõO_»|ÅO=Ù#fl"å~° ∞ Ò~° #ºO KÕã≤ KåÖÏ ÕâßÅÖ’ ~å*Ïºefl P„Hõq∞OK« ∞H˘O@∞<åfl~° ∞. "åiH huQÍx, áêÑ¨cèuQÍxÖË=Ù. W\˜ ì xÜ« ∞O`« $`« fi áêÅ#‰õ Ω ã¨ fiã≤ Î K≥áêÊeû# ÉÏ^è Œ º`« „Ñ[Å‰õ Ω, =ÚYºOQÍ Ü« Ú=`«‰õ Ω =ÙOk.




reins = ÑQÆ æO ÖË • Hõà‹ ¡O

Moral: Power should be given to individuals, only after being certain about their

character and sincerity.

V

77. =∂ÖÏHÍ~° ∞O_Õ QÆ u Ñ¨ ÓÅ#∞ „QÆ Ç≤ Ï~ÚOK« ∞, Õ \ Ñ¨ Ù+¨ Ê=∞~°O ŒO ÉË bÅ„QÀÅ∞, J@∞Ö, #$ áêÅ∞_» ∞ KÕH˘#QÆ =ÅÜ« Ú „Ñ¨ [Å è Œ #=Ú‡Öò.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : Ñ¨ Ù+¨ ÊÇ¨ ~åÅ#∞ `«Ü« ∂~° ∞KÕ ¿ã"å_» ∞ U q^è ŒOQÍ Ñ¨ ÓÅ#∞ K≥@¡ #∞O_ç `«#Hõ=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ#O`« =~°‰õ Ω,K≥@∞ì‰õ Ω #+¨ ìO ~å‰õ ΩO_® HÀã¨ ∞‰õ ΩO\Ï_À, Ñ¨ ÓÅÖ’x Õ<≥#∞ U q è ŒOQÍ « ∞"≥ ∞‡^Œ Ñ¨ ÓÅ‰õ Ω <˘Ñ≤ Ê «QÆÅ‰õ ΩO_®„QÆ Ç≤ Ïã¨ ∞ÎO^À, P q^è ŒOQÍ ~åA „Ñ[Å #∞O_ç ^è Œ<åxfl „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOKåe. „Ñ[efl Ñ‘_çOz Ñ#∞flÅ∞ =ã¨ ∂Å∞KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

hu : Ñ¨ ÓÅ #∞O_ç `Õ<≥\©QÆ `Õ<≥#∞ „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOz#@∞¡ „ÑÉè í ∞=Ù „Ñ[Å #∞O_ç ^è Œ<åxfl „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOKåe.

"åºMÏº#O : ~åA „Ñ[Å è Œ<åxfl ZÖÏ ã‘ fiHõiOKåÖ’ WK« Û@ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ~åA „Ñ¨[Å ˆ H∆ =∞O HÀãO„Ñ[Å#∞ Ñ‘_çOK«‰õ ΩO_», „Ñ[Å #∞O_ç Ñ#∞fl ~° ∂ÑOÖ’ è Œ<åxfl =ã¨ ∂Å∞ KÕÜ« ∂e. P =ã¨ ∂Å∞ Ñ¨ ÓÅ^ŒO_»#∞‰õ Äˆ ~Û"å_» ∞, fQÆ‰õ Ω ^≥|ƒ «QÆÅ‰õ ΩO_» U q è ŒOQÍ Ñ¨ ÓÅ#∞ HÀã¨ ∞H˘O\Ï_À `« ∞"≥ ∞‡^Œ U q è ŒOQÍ Ñ¨ Ù=Ùfi‰õ Ω<˘Ñ≤ Ê ÖË‰õ ΩO_® `Õ<≥#∞ „QÆ Ç≤ Ïã¨ ∞ÎO^À P q è ŒOQÍ =ÙO_®e.

Meaning: A man who weaves garlands chooses his flowers with great care. He takes

care that the trees and bushes are not harmed while he picks his flowers. As a bee

sucks honey from the flowers, without causing pain to the flower, so also should a king

ensure that he collects taxes from his subjects without troubling them. He should never

harass his people and extract taxes.

Moral: A king should collect taxes painlessly as a bee sucks honey from a flower.

V




10. =¸~° ö Ñ¨ Œ úu

78. « ∞=∞‡K≥ @∞ì =ÚO_» ∞¡ `À_» <Õ Ñ¨ Ù@∞ì #∞ q « ∞Î Ö’# #∞O_ç "≥_» Å∞#@∞¡, =¸~° ∞ö #‰õ Ω |∞kú =ÚO Œ ∞QÍ|∞@∞ì #∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì#Ñ¨ C_Õ `« ∞=∞‡ K≥@∞ì‰õ Ω =ÚO_» ∞¡ Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞`å~Ú. Jq q`« ∞Î #∞O_Õ „áê~°OÉè í=∞ø`å~Ú. P su<Õ=¸~° ∞öxH K≥_» ¤|∞kú Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìHõ À<Õ =ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : =¸~° ∞öxH =¸~° ö « fiO Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìHõ À<Õ =ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

"åºMÏº#O : „Ñu K≥@∞ì‰õ Ω, „Ñu rqH •x QÆ ∞O •x Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìHõ À<Õ =ã¨ ∞ÎOk. "ÕÑK≥@∞ì‰õ Ω KÕ Œ ∞, « ∞=∞‡K≥@∞ì‰õ Ω=ÚO_» ∞¡, Ñ¨ Ùe Ñ≤Å¡Å‰õ Ω „‰õ Ä~° « fiO Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìHõ À<Õ =™êÎ~Ú. J>Ë ¡ =¸~° ∞öxH, =¸~° ö « fiO Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìHõ À =ã¨ ∞ÎOk.Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìHõ À =zÛOk, Ñ¨ Ù_»HõÅ`À QÍx áÈ ŒO\Ï~° ∞. JO>Ë [#‡`À =zÛOk Kå=Ù`À QÍx áÈ Œx J~° ÷O.

Meaning: The thorny bush, Acacia Arabica, has thorns right from the time it sprouts

from the seed. A foolish man’s stupidity is born with him at birth.

Moral: Foolishness is a trait that is present in a fool right from the time of his birth.

trait = zÇ¨ ÏflO, QÆ ∞~° ∞Î

V

79. áê=ÚHõ #fl ÖË Œ ∞ áêÑ≤ +≤ ª Ü« ∞QÆ ∞ rqJ\˜ ì áê=Ú K≥ Ñ≤ Ê#@∞ì q#∞#∞

WÅ#∞ =¸~° ∞ö *ˇ Ñ¨ Ê <≥ =fii « ~° =∞Ü« ∂ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞! Éè Ï=O : áê=Ú KåÖÏ áêÑ≤+≤ ªk. Jk =∞#∞+¨ µºefl Hõiz `«# q+O`À K«OÑ¨ Ù`« ∞Ok. J\˜ ì áê=Ú#∞Ñ@∞ìH˘x <åQÆã¨ fi~°O Tk P_çOK«=K« ∞Û. HÍx =¸~° ∞ö ˜ ‚ Zxfl q è •Å∞QÍ K≥Ñ≤ Ê<å, XÑ≤ ÊOK«_»O ™ê è Œ ºOHÍ Œ ∞.

hu : =¸~° ∞ö_» ∞ áê=ÚHõO>Ë áêÑ≤+≤ ª "å_» ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : Jxfl Ñ‰õ ∆ ΩÅ∞, [O`« ∞=ÙÅ∞ tHõ ∆ ~Ú¿ãÎ =∞#O K≥Ñ≤ Ê# Ñ#∞Å∞ KÕ™êÎ~Ú. áê=Ú KåÖÏ áêÑ≤+≤ ªrq. Jk `«# q+Ñ¨ Ù HÀ~°Å`À Hõ~° z =∞#∞+¨ µºefl K«OÑ¨ Ù`« ∞Ok. J\˜ ì áê=Ú#∞ ‰õ Ä_», <åQÆã¨ fi~°O`À<å@ºO KÕ~ÚOK«=K« ∞Û. HÍx, Zxfl q^è •Å∞QÍ K≥Ñ≤ Ê<å =¸~° ∞ö ˜ ‚ XÑ≤ ÊOK«ÖË=Ú.




Meaning: The snake is a horrible creature. It can bite and kill humans. Even such a

dreadful creature can be made to dance to the tune of the snake charmer. The fool on

the other hand cannot be made to understand and accept anything, however much one

may try.

Moral: A fool is often worse than the snake.

V

80. á⁄@¡HÍÜ« ∞ ~å~Ú á⁄ãQÆ „`å@#∞ QÆ @ì bÅ`À_» =OHõ ÖËHõ ÃÑ~° ∞QÆ ∞,‰õΩHõ ¯`ÀHõQÆ @ì QÆ ∞ Œ ∞~° ∞<å K«Hõ¯QÍ?

qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞! Éè Ï=O : á⁄@¡HÍÜ« ∞‰õ Ω XHõ ~å~Ú Hõ\˜ ì „"ÕÖÏ_»n¿ãÎ, Jk =OHõ ÖË‰õ ΩO_® K«Hõ ¯QÍ ÃÑ~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok. J^Õq^è ŒOQÍ ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ `ÀHõ#∞ K«Hõ ¯*ËÜ« ∂Åx „Ñ¨Ü« ∞ufl¿ãÎ, ^•x =OHõ~° áÈ^Œ ∞. JÖÏˆ Q Zxfl „Ñ¨Ü« ∞`åflÅ∞ KÕã≤<å=¸~° ∞öx =∞#ã¨ ∞û =∂~° Œ ∞.

hu : =¸~° ∞öx |∞kú =∂~° Û_»O ™ê^è Œ ºO HÍ^Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : á⁄@¡ fQÆ#∞ ÑOki"Õã≤ ÃÑOK« ∞`å~° ∞. á⁄@¡HÍÜ« ∞Å∞ ÑOki #∞O_ç „HOkH˜ „"ÕÖÏ_» ∞`« ∂ ÃÑ~° ∞QÆ ∞`å~Ú. JO^Œ ∞Ö’ H˘xfl =OHõ~°QÍ =ÙO>Ë, "å\x K«Hõ ¯QÍ KÕÜ« ∞_®xH „`å\˜ À ~å~Ú QÆ@∞ì å~° ∞.JÑ¨ C_® HÍÜ« ∞Å∞ =OHõ~° ÖË‰õ ΩO_® ÃÑ~° ∞QÆ ∞`å~Ú. J Õ q^è ŒOQÍ ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ `ÀHõ#∞ K«Hõ ¯ KÕÜ« ∂Åx „ÑÜ« ∞ufl¿ãÎ^•x =OHõ~° áÈ Œ ∞. JÖÏˆ Q Zxfl „Ñ¨Ü« ∞`åflÅ∞ KÕã≤<å, =¸~° ∞öx =∞#ã¨ ∞û =∂~° Œ ∞.

Meaning: The snake gourd can be made to grow straight if a stone is hung on its end.

Trying to straighten the tail of a dog is an impossible task. Similarly it is impossible to

change the mind of a fool.

Moral: It is impossible to convince a fool.

V

81. ÑO_ç « ∞Öˇ · #"å~° ∞ kQÆ ∞=O ŒQÆ #∞O_»QÆ #Å∞Ê_˘Hõ ¯_» ∞ Œ ÌO_» « c~î °"≥ ∞H˜ ¯# |∞ è Œ „ÑHõ ~°O|∞Å ˆ Hq∞ Ü≥ ∞QÆ æQÆ ∞<£Q˘O_˘Hõ HÀu K≥ @∞ìH˘# H˘=∞‡Å #∞O_»QÆ, „yO Œ QÆO_» Éè Ë ~° ∞O_» =∞ Õ Éè íã≤OÇ¨ Ï x‰õ Ω~°O|=ÚÅ∞O_» "≥ KÕ i Éè Ïã¨ ¯~å!




Éè Ï=O : XHõ K≥@∞ì H˘# H˘=∞‡ g∞^Œ HÀu ‰õ Ä~° ∞Ûx =ÙO@∞Ok. <ÕÅ g∞ Œ U#∞QÆ ∞Å∞, ã≤OÇ¨ Å∞ =ÙO\Ï~Ú.JO`«=∂„`å# HÀuH Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«#O ~å Œ ∞. XHõ ÑO_ç « ãÉè íÖ’, JÅ∞Ê_˘Hõ_» ∞ |Å=O`«OQÍ "ÕkHõ <≥H˜ ¯ J„QÍã#OÖ’ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO\Ï_» ∞. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ ÑO_ç « ∞Öˇ ·#"åi Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«#O «yæáÈ Œ ∞. JÅ∞Êx |∞kú Éˇ ·@ Ñ_» ∞`« ∞Ok.

hu : =ºH˜ Îx |\˜ ì Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«#O HÍx ™ê÷<åxfl |\˜ ì HÍ Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : =∞#O Z<Àfl ãÉè í efl K« ∂ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï=Ú. PÇ¨ fix`« ∞Öˇ ·# z#flÅ∞, ÃÑ Œ ÌÅ∞, ÑO_ç « ∞Å∞, ™ê=∂#∞ºÅ∞=zÛ, "åi "åi Pã¨<åÅÖ’ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO\Ï~°∞. JÅ∞Ê_≥·# ™ê=∂#∞º_˘Hõ_»∞ Ñ≤Å=‰õΩO_®<Õ "ÕkHõ<≥H˜¯ J„QÍã#OÖ’ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO\Ï_» ∞. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡, „HO^Œ ‰õ Ä~° ∞Û#fl =∂#∞ºÅ =∞~åº^Œ‰õ Ω Éè íOQÆ "Õ ∞~° Ê_» Œ ∞. L^•Ç Ï~° ‰õ ΩJ~° ºOÖ’ XHõ K≥@∞ì „HO^Œ U#∞QÆ ∞Å∞ ã≤OÇ¨ Å =O\ [O`« ∞=ÙÅ∞ KÕi=ÙO\Ï~Ú. HÍx HÀu XHõ\ K≥@∞ìH˘#H˘=∞‡ g∞ Œ <≥H˜ ¯ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO@∞Ok. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ „HO^Œ#∞#fl [O`« ∞=ÙÅ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«#O `«yæáÈ Œ ∞. HÀu |∞kúÉˇ ·@Ñ_» ∞`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: A monkey may swing high at the edge of a branch. Lions and elephants maywander below the tree. But that does not in any way help to boost up the worth of the

monkey. Similarly if in a scholars’ assembly, a fool were to force himself in, and occupies

a prominent place, the worth of the scholars is in no way diminished. The foolish man

stands out as a misfit among the scholars.

Moral: The worth of an individual is assessed on his character and ability, and not on

the position he occupies.

V

82. ≥ eÜ« ∞x =∞#∞Ax ã¨ ∞Y=ÚQÆ ≥ Å∞ÑO ŒQÆ∞, ã¨ ∞Y « ~° =ÚQÆ ≥ Å∞ÑQÆ =K« ∞Û<£ ≥ eã≤ #"åxO, ≥ eã≤Ü« Ú ≥ eÜ« ∞x #~° ∞ ≥ ÅÊ „|Ç¨Ï‡ Õ =Ùx =â◊ "Õ ∞.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi Éè Ï=O : Ug∞ ≥ eÜ« ∞x "åxH q+Ü« ∂Å#∞ ã¨ ∞ÅÉè íOQÍ ≥ eÜ« ∞KÕÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û. ≥ eã≤# "åxH WOHÍ ã¨ ∞ÅÉè íOQÍ`≥ eÜ« ∞KÕÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û. HÍx `≥ eã‘ `≥ eÜ« ∞x "åxH `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕÜ« ∞_»O „|Ç¨ Ï‡^Õ=ÙxH˜ ‰õ Ä_» KÕ «QÍ Œ ∞.

hu : `≥ eã‘ `≥ eÜ« ∞x "åxH `≥ eÜ« ∞K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»O J™ê^è Œ ºO.

"åºMÏº#O : Ug∞ `≥ eÜ« ∞x "åxx ^ŒQÆ æ~° ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO_» É@∞ìH˘x q+Ü« ∂Å#∞ ã ∞Å∞=ÙQÍ É’kèOK«=K« ∞Û.

J`«_» ∞ „â◊ Œ ú À qx q+¨Ü« ∂Å#∞ „QÆ Ç≤ Ï™êÎ_» ∞. `≥ eã≤# "åxH `≥ eÜ« ∞K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»O KåÖÏ ã¨ ∞ÅÉè íO. J`«xH˜q+Ü« ∂ÅÃÑ· J=QÍÇ¨ Ï# =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ ì "≥O@<Õ "å\x „QÆ Ç≤ Ï™êÎ_» ∞. ≥ eã‘ ≥ eÜ« ∞x "åxH É’kèOK«_»OKåÖÏ Hõ+¨ ìO. J «_» ∞ q∞_çq∞_ç *Ï#O`À J~° ÷O ÖËx „Ñâ◊ flÅ∞ "Õ™êÎ_» ∞. ≥ eÜ« ∞HõáÈ~Ú<å ≥ eã≤#@∞¡ #\˜™êÎ_» ∞.




Meaning: It is possible to explain and convince a man who is ignorant. It is also easy

to explain to a knowledgeable man. But it is impossible to explain and convince a man

with half-baked knowledge.

Moral: It is impossible to explain to a man who has half-baked knowledge.

V

83. ≥ eq Ü≥ ÚHO « ÖË x Ü≥ ∞_», Œ $Ñ¨ ÙÎ_» <≥ · Hõ iÉè íOy ã¨ ~°fi=Ú<£ ≥ eã≤ u #OK« ∞ QÆ ifi « =∞u<£ qÇ ÏiOzu ^˘e¡ ~ÚÑ¨ C_» ∞ [˚ fiÅ=∞ « ∞Öˇ· # ÑÖ_ç « ∞Å ã xflkè xOK« ∞Hõ É’ è Œâße<≥ · ≥ eÜ« ∞x"å_» <≥ · "≥ ∞ÅyuO QÆ « =∞Ü≥ ∞º x`åO «QÆ ~° fi=Ú<£.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi Éè Ï=O : <å‰õ Ω H˘OK≥O ‰õ Ä_® `≥ eq ÖË#Ñ¨ C_» ∞, U#∞QÆ ∞ÖÏQÍ =∞kOz, ã~° fiO `≥ eã≤#@∞¡ QÆ~° fiO`ÀuiQÍ#∞. =∞Oz ÑÖ_ç « ∞Å =^Œ Ì‰õ Ω "≥o§, H˘O « `≥ eq `≥K« ∞ÛH˘x, <åˆ Hq∞ `≥ eÜ« ∞^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞H˘<åfl#∞.<å QÆ~° fiO =^Œ eáÈ~ÚOk. JO`å `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞##fl"å_» ∞ JA_» ∞. Ug∞ ≥ eÜ« ∞^Œ#fl"å_» ∞ ã~° fiA_» ∞.

hu : Z=~° ∂ `«#‰õ Ω JO`å `≥Å∞ã¨x QÆifiOK«‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» `≥ eqÖËx"åx „Ñ=~° Î##∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO <å‰õ Ω U =∂„`«O `≥ eqÖË#Ñ¨ C_» ∞, U#∞QÆ ∞ÖÏQÍ QÆifiOz, JO`å ≥ eã≤#"å_» ∞QÍ „Ñ=iÎOKå#∞. „Ñã¨ ∞Î «O =∞Oz ÑÖ_ç « ∞Å ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω "≥o¡, H˘O`« `≥eq`≥K«∞ÛH˘x, <åˆHg∞ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ#fl q+¨Ü«∂xfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘<åfl#∞. <å QÆ~°fiO Ñ¨ÓiÎQÍ=^Œ eáÈ~ÚOk Jx J`«_» ∞ `≥ eáê_» ∞.

Meaning: The poet says “when I knew little, I wandered like a mad elephant, in utter

vanity, that I knew everything. When I came upon scholars who were far more learned

than I was, my arrogance disappeared. I realized how little I knew”. A man, who

believes he knows all, is an ignorant man. One who believes he knows too little is a trulylearned man.

Moral: No man should presume that he knows everything, there is to know in this

world.


V




84. ZÅ∞QÆ ∞ `ÀÅ∞ ≥ zÛ Ü≥ ∞xfl <åà◊ √¡ kH˜ # #Å∞Ñ¨ Ù #Å∞ÃÑHÍx ≥ Å∞Ñ¨ Ù HÍ Œ ∞,H˘Ü« ∞º ÉÁ=∞‡ ≥ zÛ H˘\˜ ì # Ñ¨ Å∞‰õ Ω<å† qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : ZÅ∞QÆ ∞|O\˜ ÀÅ∞ #Å¡QÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. Zxfl<åà◊ √¡ LuH<å Jk ≥Å∞Ñ¨ ÙHÍ^Œ ∞. ZO`« H˘\˜ ì<åH˘Ü« ∞ºÉÁ=∞‡ ÑÅHõ Œ ∞, J>Ë ¡ =¸~° ∞öxÔ HO « K≥Ñ≤ Ê<å É’^è ŒÑ_» Œ ∞.

hu : ZO`« "≥ ∞~° ∞QÆ ∞ÃÑ\˜ ì<å W`« Î_ç Ñ¨ Ù`« Î_ç HÍ^Œ ∞.

Meaning: The fur of a bear is black in colour. No amount of washing can make it

white. A wooden doll remains mute however much it is beaten. In the same manner no

one can make a fool understand, or learn, anything.

Moral: No amount of polishing can make brass, gold.

V

85. FQÆ ∞<ÀQÆ ∞ "≥ ∞K« ∞Û <˘#~°OQÆ #*Ï˝ x Éè Ï=q∞zÛ "≥ ∞K« ∞Û Ñ¨ ~° =∞Å∞|∞ú

|Ok |∞~° Œ "≥ ∞K« ∞Û Ñ¨ hfl~° ∞ "≥ ∞K« ∞Û<å? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

ÉèÏ=O : K≥_»¤"å_»∞ K≥_»¤"åx<Õ "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘O\Ï_»∞. =∞Oz"åxx "≥∞K«∞ÛH˘#_»∞. J*Ï˝x Ñ¨~°=∞Ö’aè<Õ "≥ ∞K« ∞ÛH˘O\Ï_» ∞. ÑOk |∞~° Œ#∞ "≥ ∞K« ∞ÛH˘O@∞Ok. JO^Œ ∞Ö’ á⁄~° ∞¡ « ∞Ok. HÍx Ñhfl~° ∞#∞ "≥ ∞K« ∞ÛH˘#^Œ ∞.JO>Ë =∞Oz "åà◊ ¡#∞ =∞Oz"åà◊ √§, K≥_» ¤ "åà◊ §#∞ K≥_» ¤ "åàı § "≥ ∞K« ∞Û‰õ ΩO\Ï~°x J~° ÷O.

hu : `å#∞ ZÖÏO\˜ "å_À JÖÏO\˜ "å_ç<Õ J`«_» ∞ "≥ ∞K« ∞Û‰õ ΩO\Ï_» ∞.

Meaning: An evil man admires another evil man. A noble man admires another noble

man. An evil man has no word of praise for a good man. An ignorant man is full of

praise for a selfish man. A pig loves mud and slush and revels in it. It does not enjoy

perfume. Hence good people praise good people and evil ones praise bad people

Revel = enjoy

Moral: A man has admiration only for another like him.

V




86. =∞$QÆ =Ú =∞$QÆ =∞#∞K« ∞#∞ =∞$QÆ =Ú#∞ Œ ∂+≤O„ « ∞ =∞$QÆ =Ú Hõ #fl K≥_» ¤ =¸~° ∞ö_»QÆ ∞#∞ =∞$QÆ =Ú‰õ Ω#fl QÆ ∞=Ú =¸~° ∞ö #ˆ H ŒÜ« ∂? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : =∞$QÆO =∞$QÆO JO@∂ =∞#O =∞$QÍxfl ^Œ ∂+≤™êÎO. =∞$QÆO HõO> =¸~° ∞ö_» ∞ K≥_» ¤ "å_» ∞. =∞$QÆOPHõÖˇ ·#Ñ¨ Ù_Õ, W`«~° [O « ∞=ÙÅ#∞ K«OÑ≤ uO@∞Ok. =¸~° ∞ö_» ∞ Jxfl "Õà◊ÖÏ, JO^Œix Ç≤ ÏOã≤ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï_» ∞.=∞$QÍx‰õ Ω#fl QÆ ∞O =¸~° ∞öxH ÖË Œ ∞.

hu : =¸~° ∞öx HõO>Ë =∞$QÆO "Õ ∞Å∞.

Meaning: An epithet ‘beast’ is used as a word of abuse. A stupid man is worse than a

beast. A beast is cruel and kills only when it is hungry. A foolish man harasses and

troubles everyone at all times. A beast is certainly preferable to a foolish man.

Epithet = a word describing a quality

Abuse = insulting language

Moral: A fool can be more dangerous than a beast.

V

87. Ç‘ Ï#∞_≥ xfl q Œ º eÅ #Éè í ºã≤Oz# Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#∞_» ∞ QÍ_» ∞ "≥ Ú~°‰õΩ [#∞_≥ QÍx Ñ¨ i=∞à◊ =ÚÅ∞ QÍ~° Ì Éè í =Ú "≥ ∂Ü« ∞ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#=∞ø<≥ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Ç‘ Ï#∞_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ Zxfl q^Œ ºÅ#∞ <ÕiÛ<å, Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#∞_» ∞ HÍÖË_» ∞. Ç‘ Ï#∞_» ∞QÍ<Õ =ÙO\Ï_» ∞. QÆO^è ŒÑ¨ Ù K≥Hõ ¯efl

QÍ_ç Œ Ü≥ ∞xfl=∂~° ∞¡ "≥ ∂ã≤<å, JO^Œ e Ñi=∞àÏefl „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK«ÖË Œ ∞. QÍ_ç ŒÖÏQÍ<Õ =ÙO@∞Ok. hu : Zxfl q Œ ºÅ∞ <ÕiÛ<å Ç‘ Ï#∞_» ∞ Ç‘ Ï#∞_Õ QÍx Q˘Ñ¨ Ê"å_» ∞ HÍ_» ∞.

Meaning: An unworthy man remains unworthy, despite having acquired skill in a number

of arts. A donkey may have carried on its back, loads of sandalwood any number of

times, yet it remains insensitive to the fragrance of sandalwood. A donkey remains a

donkey forever.

Moral: A fool remains a fool in spite of all that he is taught.

V




88. q Œ ºÖË x"å_» ∞ q^•fiOã¨ ∞ KÕ ~° ∞= #∞O_»QÍ<≥ ÑO_ç « ∞O_» ∞ HÍ_» ∞H˘Åk Ç¨ ÏOã¨ Å Hõ_» H˘Ô H¯~° Å∞#fl@∞¡ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : q^Œ ºÖËx"å_» ∞ q •fiOã¨ ∞Å ^ŒQÆ æ~° KÕi#O`« =∂„`å#, q^•fiOã¨ ∞_» ∞ HÍÖË_» ∞. XHõ ã~°ã¨ ∞ûÖ’ =Ù#fl Ç¨ ÏOãÅ ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω áÈ~Ú#O « =∂„`å#, H˘OQÆÅ∞ Ç¨ ÏOãÅ∞ HÍÖË=Ù Hõ •.

hu : q^•º qÇ‘ Ï#∞_» ∞, q^•fiOã ∞Å`À KÕi#O`« =∂„`å# q^•fiOã¨ ∞_» ∞ HÍÖË_» ∞.

Meaning: A person who is not educated can never become a scholar even if he is in

the company of scholars. A crane can never be a swan even if it haunts the same lake

with a number of swans.

Crane = H˘OQÆ † Haunt = ãOK«iOK« ∞Moral: An uneducated man remains the same even if he is among scholars.

V




11. Œ ∞~° ˚# Ñ¨ Œ úu

89. JO « ~°OQÆ =∞O Œ ∞ #Ñ¨ ~å è Œ =ÚÅ∞ ¿ãã≤ =∞Oz"åx=Öˇ <≥ =∞#∞A_» ∞O_» ∞, W « ~° ∞ Öˇ ~° ∞QÆ‰õ Ω#fl hâ◊ fi~° ∞_≥ ~° ∞QÆ_®? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : `«# =∞#ã¨ ∞ûÖ’ JÑ~å^è •efl KÕã≤ Jq Ü≥ ∞=fiiH `≥ eÜ« ∞=x J#∞H˘x, ÃÑ·H =∞Oz"å_» ∞QÍ#\˜ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï_» ∞ ^Œ ∞~° #∞_» ∞. W`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω `≥ eÜ« ∞HõáÈ~Ú<å, ^≥ ·=O QÆ=∞x™êÎ_» ∞ QÆ •!

hu : JO^Œi Hõ#∞Å∞ HõÑ¨ ÊQÆÅ=Ù QÍx ^≥ ·=O Hõ#∞Å∞ HõÑ¨ ÊÖË=Ù. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡ `«Ñ¨ C KÕÜ« ∞~å^Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : ÃÑ·H ÃÑ Œ Ì =∞#∞+¨ µºÅÖÏQÍ HõxÊã¨ ∂Î, =∞#ã¨ ∞ûÖ’ Œ ∞~åÖ’K«#Å∞ KÕ ¿ã"å~° ∞<åfl~° ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ ΩJyfl „Ñ=∂^•Å∞, `« ∞á¶ ê#∞Å∞, Éè í ∂HõOáêÅ =O\ „ÑHõ $u "≥ ·Ñs`åºÅ∞ ãOÉè íqOz#Ñ¨ C_» ∞, ÉÏkè « ∞Öˇ ·#„Ñ[Å#∞ P^Œ ∞HÀ=_®xH H˘xfl ¿ã"å ã¨Oã¨ ÷Å∞ =ÚO Œ ∞‰õ Ω =™êÎ~Ú. „Ñ[Å #∞O_ç q~åàÏÅ#∞ q™êÎ~°OQÍ=ã¨ ∂Å∞ KÕã≤, JO Œ ∞Ö’ gÖˇ ·#O « Z‰õ Ω¯= Éè ÏQÍxfl ~° Ç¨ Ïã¨ ºOQÍ ™êfi~å÷xH "å_» ∞H˘x „Ñ¨*Ï¿ã=ˆ H JO`å

^è Œ#O =ÙÑÜ≥ ∂yOz#@∞¡ ÖHõ ¯Å∞ K« ∂¿Ñ"å~° ∞<åfl~° ∞. D q+Ü« ∞O W`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω ≥ eÜ« ∞^Œx "å~°#∞H˘O\Ï~° ∞.HÍx ≥ ·=O Hõ#∞flÅ∞ HõÑ¨ ÊÖË~° ∞ Hõ •. "åi "≥ ∂ãO XHõ<å_» ∞ «Ñ¨ ÊHõ Ö’HÍxH ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. "å~° ∞ tH˜ ∆ OÑ|_» å~° ∞.

Meaning: A man who sins in his mind and pretends to be a good man in the eyes of

the world is, by nature, a bad man. Even if others remain unaware of his evil thoughts

God is bound to know about them.

Moral: Never sin even in thought. Others may not know but God will.

V

90. JÅÊ|∞kú "åx Hõ kèHÍ~° q∞zÛ# ^˘_» ¤ "åi<≥ Å¡ `˘ÅQÆQ˘@∞ì, K≥ Ñ¨ C k<≥_ç ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ K≥ ~°‰õ Ω fÃÑ~° ∞QÆ ∞<å? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : K≥Ñ¨ C#∞ u#_®xH JÅ"å@∞Ñ_» ¤ ‰õ ΩHõ ¯, K≥~°‰õ Ω fÑ≤x `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀÖË Œ ∞. JÖÏˆ Q JÅ∞Ê_≥ ·#"å_» ∞JkèHÍ~°OÖ’H =¿ãÎ, |∞kú=∞O « ∞Å Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ „Ñ*Ï qâıëêÅ∞ ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀÖËHõ, "åix Ñ¨ Œ=ÙÅ #∞O_ç ˘Åy™êÎ_» ∞.

hu : JÅ∞ÊxH JkèHÍ~°O W=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.




"åºMÏº#O : ã¨ Œãkfi"ÕK«# â◊H˜ Î, Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`« ÖËx JÅÊ|∞kú "åxH ÉÏ^è Œ º`åÜ« Ú`« "≥ ∞ÿ# JkèHÍ~° Ñ¨ Œq~Ú=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. JÖÏ ~Ú¿ãÎ, J «_» ∞ |∞kú=∞O`« ∞Å Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ „ÑuÉè Ï qâıëêÅ#∞ ≥ eã≤H˘#ÖËHõ "åix Ñ¨ Œ=ÙÅ#∞O_ç ˘Åy™êÎ_» ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω K≥Ñ¨ C#∞ H˘iH u#_®xH JÅ"å@∞ Ñ_» ¤ ‰õ ΩHõ ¯‰õ Ω K≥~°‰õ Ω QÆ_»#∞ JOk¿ãÎ,Jk ^•x fÑ≤x `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀÖËHõ „`Àã≤ "Õã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: Dogs love to chew leather footwear. It can never relish the sweetness of sugar cane. Similarly if an evil man attains a position of power, he can never appreciate

the worthy advice of good, noble people and gets rid of them.

Attain = get

Moral: Never hand over power to an evil man.

V

91. JÅ∞Ê_≥ Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ |Å∞¯ <å_»O|~° =ÚQÍ#∞ã¨ [˚ #∞O_» ∞ |Å∞¯ K« Å¡QÍ#∞HõOK« ∞ „"≥ ∂QÆ ∞#@∞¡ Hõ #HõO|∞ „"≥ ∂QÆ ∞<å? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : JÅ∞Ê_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ HõOK« ∞ÖÏQÍ P_»O|~°OQÍ ÑÅ∞¯`« ∞O\Ï_» ∞. ã[#∞_» ∞ |OQÍ~°O ÖÏQÍ K«Å¡QÍÑÅ∞¯`« ∞O\Ï_» ∞. JÅ∞ÊxH, ã[#∞xH =Ù#fl Éè Ë ŒO W Õ.

hu : P_»O|~°O Z=iH© `«QÆ Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : *Ï#Ç‘ Ï#∞_≥ ·# JÅ∞Ê_» ∞ «#‰õ Ω ÖËx Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«<åxfl Kå@∞HÀ"åÅx P_»O|~°OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_» å_» ∞.Ñ¨ Ó~° ‚ *Ï#=O`« ∞_≥ ·# ã[#∞_» ∞ q∞`«OQÍ ™œ=∞ºOQÍ =∂\Ï¡_» å_» ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω qÅ∞= ÖËx HõOK« ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#OQÍ „"≥ ∂QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok. qÅ∞= QÆÅ |OQÍ~°O P q^è ŒOQÍ „"≥ ∂QÆ Œ ∞. q∞`« Éè Ï+≤ « fiO, ã≤ ‡`« Éè Ï+≤ « fiOã[#∞Å ÅHõ ∆ O. Ju Éè Ï+¨ O JÇ¨ ÏOHÍ~° Éè Ï+¨ O ^Œ ∞~° # ÅHõ ∆ O. Jhfl =_ç ¤Oz# qã¨ Îi Jy =∞y=ÙO@∞Ok. Ug∞ ÖËx qã¨ Îi ZyÔ ~yi Ñ_» ∞`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: A man with a weak character is vain. His words are loud and pompous as

he is always boasting. A worthy man speaks gentle words sober and dignified. The

former’s words ring loud like bronze while the latter’s words ring low, like gold.

Moral: Vanity is a bad quality in anyone.

Vanity = empty pride

V




92. HÍx "åx`À_» QÆ Åã≤ "≥ ∞ÅOy# Ç¨ x=K« ∞Û <≥O « "åxÔ H· #HÍH QÆ ∂_ç Ç¨ ÏOã Hõ +¨ ìO|∞ á⁄O Œ ^•? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : HÍH˜ À ã¨ Ç¨ Ï"åãO KÕ ¿ãÎ, Ç¨ ÏOã `«Ñ¨ ÊHõ HõëêìÅáêÖ∫`« ∞Ok. JÖÏˆ Q K≥_» ¤ "åx`À Hõ eã≤ =ÙO>Ë,Z\˜ ì "åxÔ H·<å Ç¨ x `«Ñ¨ Ê^Œ ∞.

hu : ^Œ ∞+¨ ì ã¨ Ç¨ Ï"åãO Ç¨ xHõ~°O.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ^Œ ∞+¨ ì ã¨ Ç¨ Ï"å™êxfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Œ ∞+¨ µìxfl Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙOKåe. ^Œ ∞+¨ µìÅ`À h=Ùã¨ Ç¨ Ï"åãO KÕ ¿ãÎ J`«_» ∞ KÕ ¿ã Œ ∞+¨ ìHÍ~åºÅ =Å¡ h‰õ Ω Ç¨ x HõÅ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω HÍ‰õ ΩÅ PÇ¨ fi#OÃÑ·

XHõ Ç¨ ÏOã HÍ‰õ ΩÅ ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω =zÛOk. HÍ‰õ ΩÅ∞ KÕ ¿ã QÀÅ#∞ Éè íiOK«ÖËx á⁄~° ∞QÆ ∞ "å~° ∞ HÍ‰õ ΩÅÃÑ· ~åà◊ √¡~° ∞qfi<å~° ∞. Jq Ç¨ ÏOã‰õ Ω ‰õ Ä_® `«yÖÏ~Ú. Ç¨ ÏOã QÍÜ« ∞Ñ_çOk.

Meaning: If a swan seeks the company of a raven, it is bound to get into trouble. In

the same way, the company of a bad man is bound to land a good man in trouble.

Moral: Evil company is always harmful.

V

93. QÆOQÆ áê~° ∞K« ∞O_» ∞ Hõ Œ Åx QÆ u `À_» =ÚiH˜ "åQÆ ∞ áê~° ∞ „"≥ ∂ « `À_»Jkè‰õ Ω_À~° ∞Û#@∞ì Å è Œ =Ú_À~°fiQÆ ÖË_» ∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : QÆOQÍ#k „ÑâßO`«OQÍ „Ñ=Ç≤ Ïã¨ ∞ÎO@∂ =ÙO@∞Ok. JO^Œ e h~° ∞ Hõ Œ e#@¡xÑ≤OK« Œ ∞. =ÚiH˜ "åQÆ ∞ „"≥ ∂`« KÕã¨ ∂Î „Ñ=Ç≤ Ïã¨ ∂Î =ÙO@∞Ok. JO Œ e h~° ∞ ZyÔ ~yi Ñ_» ∞`« ∂ =ÙO@∞Ok. L`« Î=Ú_≥ ·#"å_» ∞QÆOQÍ#kÖÏQÍ F~° ∞Ê`À <≥=∞‡kQÍ =ÙO\Ï_» ∞. J^è Œ=Ú_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ =ÚiH˜ "åQÆ ∞ÖÏQÍ F~° ∞ÊÖË‰õ ΩO_® q∞_çã≤q∞_çã≤ Ñ¨_» ∞`« ∂O\Ï_» ∞.

hu : xO_» ∞ ‰õ ΩO_» `˘Hõ Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : Éè Ï~° « Õâ◊OÖ’ KåÖÏ Ñ¨q„ « "≥ ∞ÿ# ÃÑ Œ Ì #k QÆOQÍ#k. P #k Ç≤ Ï=∂ÅÜ« ∞ Ñ~° fi`åÅ #∞O_ç

=∞Ç¨ „Ñ¨ "åÇ¨ ÏO`À xO_ç „Ñ=Ç≤ Ïã¨ ∞Î#flk. P „Ñ¨ "åÇ¨ ÏO KåÖÏ „ÑâßO`«OQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. Z@∞=O\ â◊|ÌOKÕÜ« ∞^Œ ∞. „Ñ¨Hõ ¯<Õ =Ù#fl =ÚiH "åQÆ ∞Ö’x „Ñ¨ "åÇ¨ ÏO KåÖÏ z#flk. HÍx Jk K≥=ÙÅ∞ yOQÆ ∞~° ∞=∞<Õ@@∞¡„"≥ ∂`«KÕã¨ ∂Î „Ñ=Ç≤ Ïã¨ ∞ÎOk. L « Î=Ú_≥ ·# =ºH˜ Î QÆOQÍ#k ÖÏQÍ <≥=∞‡kQÍ F~° ∞Ê`À =ÙO\Ï_» ∞. J^è Œ=Ú_≥ ·#"å_» ∞=ÚiH "åQÆ ∞ÖÏQÍ F~° ∞Ê ÖË‰õ ΩO_», ZQÆã≤Ñ_» ∞`« ∞O\Ï_» ∞.




Meaning: The waters in the river Ganga flow calm and quite. The water looks almost

still and tranquil. A small dirty stream rumbles hastily and noisily, splashing its murky

waters. A good and a worthy man is calm, quiet and patient like the river Ganga while

a worthless man is like the dirty stream, loud, boastful and impatient.

Tranquil = Peaceful, undisturbed

Moral: A pot that is full does not splash as it remains steady.

V

94. "Õ ~° ∞ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞KÕ i =$Hõ ∆ O|∞ *ˇ ~° K« ∞#∞ p_» Ñ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞ KÕi KÕ #∞ * ~° ∞K« ∞‰õ Ωuû « ∞O_» ∞ KÕ i QÆ ∞=O « ∞ *ˇ ~° K« ∞#∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : „"Õà◊ ¡#∞ u<Õ ¿ã Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞ KÕi K≥@∞ì#∞ <åâ◊#O KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. p_» Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞ KÕi ÑO@ KÕ#∞#∞ <åâ◊#OKÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. JÖÏˆ Q, ^Œ ∞+¨ µì_» ∞ KÕi =∞Oz"å_çx K≥_»Q˘_» å_» ∞.

hu : ‰õ Ä¿ã QÍ_ç Œ "Õ ∞¿ã QÍ_ç Œ#∞ K≥_»Q˘_» ∞`« ∞Ok.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ‰õ Ωuû`« ∞_» ∞ ´ ^Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æ_» ∞Meaning: The pests that attack the roots of a tree destroy it. Pests can destroy an

entire field. Similarly, one bad man's company corrupts even good men who move with

him.

Moral: A donkey that brays spoils a donkey that is grazing.

Bray = cry of a donkey.V

95. JÅ∞Ê_≥ xfl Ñ¨ Å∞¯ÅÅÜ« ∞Hõ Ñ¨ e¯# #kè‰õ Ω _» ∂~°‰õ ΩO_» ∞ #kiÑ_»Hõ K≥ @∞ì g∞ Œ HÍH˜ Ô ~@ì "Õã≤ #Ü« ∞@∞¡

qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞! Éè Ï=O : JÅ∞Ê_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ Jkè‰õ ΩxÃÑ· xO ŒÅ∞ "Õã≤, <À~° ∞ <˘Ñ≤ Ê Ñ¨ Ù>Ë ì •Hõ, JÅã≤áÈHõ Œ ∂+≤™êÎ_» ∞. J~Ú#Ñ¨ Ê\˜H˜Jkè‰õ Ω_» ∞ J^Œ~°‰õ ΩO_®, Éˇ Œ~° ‰õ ΩO_® P u@¡#∞ Éè íi™êÎ_» ∞. XHõ HÍH HÀÑO`À K≥@∞ì g∞ Œ Ô ~@ì "Õ ¿ãÎ K≥@∞ìÖHõ ¯KÕÜ« ∞^Œ ∞ QÆ •.




hu : ‰õ ΩHõ ¯Åi¿ãÎ U#∞QÆ ∞ Éˇ Œ~° Œ ∞. JÖÏˆ Q JÅ∞ÊÅ#∞ ÖHõ ¯KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: A man of low character can shower abuse on a worthy man. Still a worthy

man remains undisturbed and does not react. A crow’s dropping on a tree does not

bother the tree at all.

Moral: The elephant remains calm and undisturbed when dogs bark. Strong, worthymen remains calm when lesser mortals throw abuse at them.

Lesser mortals = JÅ∞ÊÅ∞.

V

96. « Å #∞O_» ∞ q+ =Ú Ñ¶ ¨ H˜ x "≥ ÅÜ« ∞OQÍ ^ÀHõ #∞O_» ∞ =$tÛHõ =Ú#‰õ Ω<£ « Å `ÀHõ Ü« ∞#Hõ Ü« ÚO_» ∞#∞ YÅ∞#‰õ Ω xÅ∞"≥ Å¡ q+ =Ú QÆ Œ ~å ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : áê=Ú‰õ Ω `«ÅÖ’ q+O =ÙO@∞Ok. `ÕÅ∞‰õ Ω `ÀHõÖ’ =ÙO@∞Ok. `«Å, `ÀHõ J#‰õ ΩO_® ^Œ ∞+¨ µìxH˜xÅ∞"≥Å¡ q+O =ÙO@∞Ok. JÖÏO\ YÅ∞x #∞O_ç x#∞fl h=Ù ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : ^Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æ_» ∞ ^Œ ∞~° ŒQ˘O_çÖÏO\˜ "å_» ∞ ZHõ ¯_» `åH<å Œ ∞~° Œ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì™êÎ_» ∞.J~å÷ Å∞ : Ñ¶ ¨ ´ áê=Ú† =$tÛHõ=Ú ´ `ÕÅ∞† YÅ∞_» ∞ ´ K≥_» ¤ "å_» ∞

"åºMÏº#O : áê=Ú‰õ Ω `«ÅÖ’ JO>Ë HÀ~°ÅÖ’ q+O =ÙO@∞Ok. áê=Ú#∞ Ñ@∞ìH˘<Õ "å_» ∞, ^•x `«Å#∞X_çã≤Ñ@∞ìH˘x, Jk `«##∞ HÀ~°Å`À Hõ~°=‰õ ΩO_® K« ∂ã¨ ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. `ÕÅ∞‰õ Ω q+O ^•x `ÀHõ H˘O_çÖ’=ÙO@∞Ok. ÕÅ∞#∞ Ñ@∞ìH˘<Õ "å_» ∞, Jk «# H˘O_ç À ‰õ Ω@ì_®xH gÅ∞ÖËx q è ŒOQÍ <Õ~° ∞Ê`À Ñ@∞ìH˘O\Ï_» ∞.

HÍx ^Œ ∞+¨ µìxH q+O XO\ xO_» =ÙO@∞Ok. ZHõ ¯_» Ñ@∞ìH˘<åfl, J`«_» ∞ HÍ@∞ "Õ™êÎ_» ∞. ^Œ ∞+¨ µìx q+Ñ¨ ÙHÍ@∞ #∞O_ç `«Ñ≤ ÊOK« ∞HÀ=_»O ™ê^è Œ ºO HÍ^Œ ∞ HÍ|\˜ ì ^Œ ∞+¨ µìxH ^Œ ∂~°OQÍ LO_®e.

Meaning: Snakes have poison in their fangs, scorpions have poison in their tails, but

an evil man has poison all over his body.

Moral: An evil man is like the poisonous plant which causes a rash wherever it touches

the body.

V




97. |Å=O « ∞_» <åˆ H=∞x Ñ¨ Å∞=Ù~° `À x„QÆ Ç≤ ÏOz Ñ¨ Å∞‰õ Ω@"Õ ∞ÖÏ? |Å=O « "≥ ∞ÿ # ã ~° Ê=Ú K« ep=∞Å KÕ « lH ¯ Kå= ≥ ã ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : <Õ#∞ |Å=O « ∞˜ ‚. #<≥ fl=~° ∞#∞ F_çOK«ÖË~°x ÑÅ∞=Ù~°`À QÆifiOz ÑÅ∞‰õ Ω@ =∞Ozk HÍ^Œ ∞.áê=Ú |Å=O « "≥ ∞ÿ#^Õ HÍh, K« e p=∞Å QÆ ∞OÑ¨ Ù‰õ Ω ^˘iH˜ Õ K«ã¨ ∞ÎOk Hõ •.

hu : =∞Ok`À q~À è ŒO ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ‰õ Ω. J<ÕHõ =∞Okx XHõ ¯_» ∞ Z^Œ ∞~À¯‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : ZO « |Å=O`« ∞_≥ ·<å, ÑÅ∞=Ùi`À q~À è ŒO ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. "åi`À áÈ~å\ÏxH kQÆ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. p=∞Å`À áÈÅ∞ÛH˘O>Ë, áê=Ú KåÖÏ |Å=O « "≥ ∞ÿ#k. HÍx P p=∞Å∞ QÆ ∞OÑ¨ ÙQÍ =zÛ, •_çKÕ ¿ãÎ áê=Ú

K«ã¨ ∞ÎOk.Meaning: A man should never be over confident, believing he can behave as he

pleases, just because he has strength. He should remember that a swarm of ants can kill

a huge serpent.

Swarm = QÆ ∞OÑ¨ Ù

Moral: No one should make too many enemies as united they may prove too strong

for him.

V

98. Ö’Hõ =ÚÖ’# Œ ∞~° ˚ #∞Å Ö’ « ∞ <≥ ~° ∞OQÆHõ KÕ ~° ~å Œ ∞, ã ∞â’¡‰õ Ω_» ∞ KÕ i#O QÆ =Ü« ∞E « ∞~° ∞ KÕÜ« Ú Œ ∞Ô ~Hõ ¯ã¨ Ô H¯=ÚÖò HÀH˜ ÅQÆ #fl KÀ@ QÆ ∞q∞QÆ ∂_ç Ü« ∞ã¨ Ç¨ ÏºÑ¨ Ù QÆ ∂ « ÖÏ~° ∞ÛK« ∞<£

QÍ‰õ ΩÅ∞ « #fl"Õ « iq∞ HÍÜ« ∞=Ú « Å¡_» =∞O Œ, Éè Ïã¨ ¯~å! Éè Ï=O : Œ ∞~° #∞Å Ö’ « ∞áê`« ∞Å∞ ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ‰õ ΩO_», ã[#∞_» ∞ "åi K≥O`« *Ëi`Õ, "å~° ∞ J`« ˜ ‚ ZHõ ÃãHõ ¯=ÚÖÏ_ç ˆ Qe KÕ™êÎ~° ∞. ZÖÏQÆO>Ë, HÀHÅ#∞ K« ∂z# HÍ‰õ ΩÅ∞ QÆ ∞OÑ¨ ÙQÍ KÕi, Jã¨ Ç¨ ÏºOQÍ ‰õ Ä`«Å∞ ÃÑ\˜ ì •xx «xfl `«i"Õ ∞Ü« ∂Åx K« ∂™êÎ~Ú Hõ •!

hu : ^Œ ∞~° #∞Å#∞ ^Œ ∂~°OQÍ LOKåe.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ã¨ ∞â’¡‰õ Ω_» ∞ ´ =∞Oz ¿Ñ~° ∞QÆÅ"å_» ∞ "åºMÏº#O : ^Œ ∞~° #∞Å Ö’`« ∞áê`« ∞Å∞ `≥ eã≤H˘#‰õ ΩO_», ã[#∞_» ∞ "åi`À ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. JÖÏ[iy`Õ, Œ ∞~° #∞Å∞ ã[#∞x ZHõ ÃãHõ ¯=Ú ÖÏ_ç Qe KÕã≤ J==∂x™êÎ~° ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω, HÀHÅ á⁄~°áê@∞#




HÍ‰õ ΩÅ QÆ ∞OÑ¨ Ù#∞ ãg∞Ñ≤ ¿ãÎ, Jq ^•xx =Ú‰õ Ω¯Å`À á⁄_ç z, HÍà◊ §`À `«xfl, â◊s~åxfl ÉÏ è ŒÑ_Õ@@∞¡ KÕã≤,`«iq∞"Õ™êÎ~Ú.

Meaning: A good man should never get familiar with strangers without knowing enough

about them. They can ridicule him and make fun of him if they are evil men. Crows

gather together to drive away the cuckoo, with their maddening cawing.

ridicule = ZQÆ åo, ÑiÇ¨ ãO

Moral: Keep evil people at a safe distance.

V

99. ã≤ ÷ ~° « ~° è Œ ~° ‡=~° Î # „|ã≤ kúH <≥H˜ ¯# "åx <˘Hõ ¯=Ú +¨ ¯~° ∞_» uhK« "åHõ º=ÚÅ QÍ Œ x Ñ¨ e¯# #=∞‡Ç¨ « ∞‡_» ∞OQ˘~° « =Ç≤ ÏOÑ _»Ü≥ ∞º_», #‰õ ΩOiî « Ñ¨Ó~° ‚ ã¨∞ è • Ñ¨Ü≥ ∂kè Ö’ #~° ∞QÆ ∞K« ∞ QÍH Ô ~@ì ~Ú_ç #O Œ ∞# <Õ q∞ H˘~°O «, Éè Ïã¨ ¯~å!

Éè Ï=O : ã¨ ¢`« Ê=~° Î# QÆ eæ ¿Ñ~° ∞ „ÑMÏº`« ∞Å∞ ãOáêkOz# ÃÑ Œ Ì =∞x+≤x, XHõ =Ú+¨ ¯~° ∞_» ∞ hK« "åHÍºÅ`À^Œ ∂+≤Oz Õ, P =∞Ç¨ `« ∞‡x Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«<åxH˜ Ö’@∞QÆÅæ Œ ∞. Ñ¨ Ó~° ‚OQÍ =ÙO_ç JÅÅ`À =Ùá⁄ÊOˆ Q, H© ∆ ~° ™êQÆ~°OÃÑ·#

XHõ HÍH Ô ~@ì "Õã≤#O « =∂„`å# P ã=Ú„^ŒO Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#`« `«yæáÈ^Œ ∞ Hõ •. ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ J~° z#O`« =∂„`å#U#∞QÆ ∞ qÅ∞= «yæáÈ`« ∞O^•!

hu : hK« ∞Å =∂@Å∞ Ñ\˜ ìOK« ∞HÀ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ã¨ ∞^è •ÑÜ≥ ∂kè ´ áêÅ ã¨=Ú„ ŒO† =Ú+¨ ¯~° ∞_» ∞ ´ K≥_» ¤ "å_» ∞

Meaning: A noble man with character earns name and fame. Even if an evil man were

to hurl abuses at him, still his greatness will in no way be less. An ocean of milk does not

become impure because of a single crow’s dropping. It remains pure, with its billowingwaves and remains the same mighty ocean.

Hurl = throw

Billows = rising waves

Moral: Never give importance to the words of a bad man.

V




100. |Å=O « ∞_» ∞ ÃÑ· <≥ uÎ # |ÅÇ‘ Ï#∞_» ∞, è Œ #=Ú QÀÅ∞Ñ¨_ç # Ü« ∞ «_» ∞, „=Ú zÛÅ "Õ K« ∞"å_» ∞, QÍ=∂‰õ ΩÅ z « ∞Î_» ∞ x„ Œ ÖËHõ ‰õ ΩO Œ ∞ Œ ∞ ~° kè áê!

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O Éè Ï=O : |Å=O « ∞xKÕ •_ç KÕÜ« ∞|_ç# |ÅÇ‘ Ï#∞_» ∞, è Œ<åxfl áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘#fl "å_» ∞, ˘OQÆ «#O KÕÜ« ∂Åx "Õ zÜ« ÚO_Õ "å_» ∞, HÍ=∞ qHÍ~°O`À =∞#ã¨ ∞û qHõÅ"≥ ∞ÿ#"å_» ∞, ZÑ¨ C_» ∞ U PÑ¨ Œ =ã¨ ∞ÎO^À##fl Éè íÜ« ∞O`Àx„^ŒÖË‰õ ΩO_® ^Œ ∞ódã¨ ∂Î =ÙO\Ï~° ∞.

hu : ^Œ ∞~åÖ’K«<åÑ~° ∞Åˆ H x„^Œ ~å Œ ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : „=ÚzÛÅ∞@ ´ ^˘OyeOK« ∞@† ÃÑ·<≥uÎ# ´ g∞ ŒÑ_ç# "åºMÏº#O : x„^Œ ÖË‰õ ΩO_», ZÑ¨C_»∞ U_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎO_Õ "åix QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK« Û@ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. |Å=O`«∞xKÕ^•_çKÕÜ«∞|_ç# "åxH˜, ZÑ¨C_»∞ F_çáÈ`å<À Jx ÉèíÜ«∞O Ñ¨@∞ìH˘O@∞Ok. E^ŒOÖ’<À, QÆ∞„~°Ñ¨ÙÑO^ÕÅÖ’<À, è Œ#O áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘#fl"å_» ∞, «# „| Œ ∞‰õ Ω U=∞ø`« ∞O^À Jx kQÆ ∞Å∞`À =ÚxyáÈ`å_» ∞. WO\H˜Hõ#flO "Õã≤, ^˘OQÆ «#O KÕÜ« ∂Åx "Õ zÜ« ÚO_Õ "å_» ∞, `«##∞ Z=fi~° ∞, ZÑ¨ C_» ∞ Ñ@∞ìH˘x tH˜ ∆ ™êÎ~À J<Õ[O‰õ Ω`À k‰õ Ω¯Å∞ K« ∂ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï_» ∞. XHõ ¢ã‘ Î ÃÑ· "åº"≥ ∂Ç¨ ÏO`À, HÍ"≥ ∂„^ÕHÍxfl JK« ∞HÀÖËx"å_» ∞ qHõÅ"≥ ∞ÿ#

=∞#ã¨ ∞û`À JÅ=∞\˜ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï_» ∞. g~° ∞ x„^ŒÑ@ìHõ, =∞#âß≈Ou ÖËHõ U_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~° ∞.Meaning: A weak man opposed by a mighty man, a man who has lost all his wealth, a

thief who waits to break into a house and a man blinded by passion can never hope to

sleep peacefully, as they are always afraid of what may happen, and suffer deep anxiety.

Moral: Evil minded people can never enjoy sound sleep.

V

101. è Œ #=Ú#∞ q Œ ºÜ« Ú =Oâ◊O |∞#∞ Œ ∞~° ‡ « ∞Å‰õ Ω =∞ ŒO|∞ á⁄#iOK« ∞#∞ ã¨ [˚ #∞Öˇ · # "åi Hõ_»‰õ Ω=Ü« Ú#∞, q#Ü« ∞=Ú xqÜ« ∞ ≥ K« ∞Û #∞sfi<å ä •!

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O

Éè Ï=O : ^è Œ#O, q Œ º, =Oâ◊O J<Õq Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æÅ‰õ Ω =∞^ŒO Hõ eæ™êÎ~Ú. J"Õ ã<å‡~° ∞æÅ q+Ü« ∞OÖ’ J‰õ Ω=,q#Ü« ∞O Hõ eæ™êÎ~Ú.

hu : áêÅ∞ „`åy# áê=Ú q+O Hõ‰õ Ω¯`« ∞Ok. J^Õ áêÅ∞ „`åy# â◊ √#HõO qâßfiãO ÃÑOK« ∞H˘O@∞Ok.




"åºMÏº#O : =∞Oz =Oâ◊OÖ’ [x‡OK«_»O, q Œ º <Õ~° fi_»O, è Œ<åxfl PiOK«_»O =∞x+≤Ö’ =∂~° ∞Ê ≥™êÎ~Ú.^Œ ∞~° #∞Å q+Ü« ∞OÖ’ Jq =∞^•xfl, JÇ¨ ÏOHÍ~åxfl Hõ eæ™êÎ~Ú. ã[#∞Å q+Ü« ∞OÖ’, Jq J‰õ Ω=,q#Ü« ∞O Hõ eæ™êÎ~Ú.

Meaning: Wealth, scholarship and birth in a noble family make evil men proud and

arrogant, while good men with the same advantages learn to be humble, and have noarrogance at all.

Moral: A snake drinks milk and spits out poison. A dog drinks milk and learns to be

loyal and true to its master.

V

102. PHÍâ◊O|∞##∞O_ç â◊OÉè í ∞x t~°O |O Œ ∞O_ç j`å„k ã¨ ∞â’¡HõOÉˇ · # Ç≤ Ï=∂„k #∞O_ç Éè í ∞q Éè í ∂Ö’HõO|∞#O Œ ∞O_ç Ü« ∞ ™ÈÎHÍOÉè ’kè ÑÜ≥ ∂kè #∞O_ç Ñ¨ =<åO è ÀÖ’Hõ =ÚO *Ë Ô ~ QÆOQÍ‰õ ÄÅOHõ + ÃÑ‰õ Ω¯ Éè íOQÆ ∞Å∞ q"ÕHõ „Éè í +¨ ì ã¨Oáê «=ÚÖò.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi

Éè Ï=O : Éè íw~° ä Œ ∞_» ∞ `«Ñã¨ ∞û KÕã≤ PHÍâ◊QÆOQÆ Éè í ∂Ö’HÍxH =KÕ Û@@∞¡ KÕâß_» ∞. QÆOQÍ#k "≥ Ú^Œ@ t=Ùxt~°ã¨ ∞û g∞^Œ, `«~åfi`« Ç≤ Ï=∂ÅÜ« ∞ Ñ~° fi`«O g∞^Œ, `« Œ ∞Ñi Éè í ∂Ö’HõO g∞ Œ, J@∞ Ñ≤=∞‡@ ã=Ú„^ŒOÖ’H˜ã=Ú„^ŒO #∞O_ç áê`åà◊Ö’HõOÖ’H Ñ_çáÈ`« ∞Ok. JO>Ë L#fl « ™ê÷#O XHõ «_»= HÀÖ’Ê~Ú#"å_» ∞, Z<Àfl q^è •Å∞QÍ „HOkH˜ *ÏiáÈ`« ∂ z=~°‰õ Ω J^è ÀQÆu áêÖˇ ·áÈ`å_» ∞.

hu : H˘O_» ÃÑ· #∞O_ç *Ïi# ~å~Ú, ZHõ ¯_» Ñ_ç PQÆ ∞`« ∞O^À `≥ eÜ« ∞^Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : PHÍâ◊QÆOQÆ, áê`åà◊Ö’HÍxH KÕi# Ñ¨ Œ úux QÆ ∂iÛ ~ÚK« Û@ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. "≥ Ú^Œ@ QÆOQÍ#k

PHÍâ◊OÖ’ =ÙO_Õk. Jk *Ïi t=Ùx [\ÏE@OÖ’ Ñ¨_çOk. JHõ ¯_ç #∞O_ç *Ïi Ç≤ Ï=∂ÅÜ« ∞Ñ~° fi`«Og∞ Œ Ñ_çOk. JO^Œ ∞O_ç *Ïi Éè í ∂Ö’HÍxH KÕ~° ∞H˘#flk. JHõ ¯_» #∞O_ç ã=Ú„^ŒOÖ’H KÕi áÈ~ÚOk.JHõ ¯_» #∞O_ç áê`åà◊Ö’HõOÖ’H Ñ¨_çáÈ~ÚOk. W^Õ q^è ŒOQÍ, XHõ ¯™êi L#fl`«™ê÷#OÖ’ Ñ@∞ìHÀÖ’Ê~Ú#=ºH˜ Î Z<Àfl q^è •Å∞QÍ „HOkH˜ *ÏiáÈ~Ú z=~°‰õ Ω J@ì_» ∞QÆ ∞ KÕ~° ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞.

Meaning: Bhagiratha performed severe penance and brought the Ganga from the sky

to the earth. The holy river first descended to the locks of Lord Siva and then on to the

Himalayas. From the Himalayan peaks the river flows down to the plains. Finally it

joins the sea and moves on into the netherworld, Patala. Similarly, a man who has

attained the highest peak of success loses it and slides down, descending till he finally

disappears into oblivion.




Oblivion = state of being forgotten.

Moral: No one can predict where a stone rolling down the mountain side will come to

a stop.

V

103. ãO Œ ∞ ^˘iÔ H<Õ x ã¨_çÜ« Ú K« Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ÖËHõ "Õ ∞ « "Õ ∞Ü« Ú"å_» ∞ <Õ «Ü« ∞QÆ ∞<≥? KÕ #∞ "Õ ∞Ü« Ú HõOK≥ ¿ã=∞=Ú‡ #~°Ü« Ú<å "åã¨ Î ==Ú‡ <å~° ¡ "åi =∂@!

Éè Ï=O : U =∂„ «O ãO^Œ ∞ ˘iH<å, ã_ç K«Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_» „Ñ*Ï è Œ<åxfl „q∞Oˆ Q"å_» ∞ x["≥ ∞ÿ# <åÜ« ∞‰õ Ω_» ∞

HÍÖË_» ∞. KÕ#∞<Õ Éè íH˜ ∆ OKÕ HõOK≥, KÕ#∞ Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ ˆ H∆ =∂xfl QÆ ∂iÛ PÖ’zOK« Œ ∞ QÆ •! hu : „Ñ*Ïˆ H∆ =∞O HÀãO ÑxKÕ ¿ã"å_Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# <åÜ« ∞‰õ Ω_» ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : „Ñ*Ï è Œ<åxfl „q∞Oˆ Q"åix QÆ ∂iÛ ~ÚK« Û@ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. U q è ŒOQÍ „Ñ*Ï è Œ<åxfl „q∞OQÆ ∞^•=∂Jx H˘O^Œ~° ∞ HõxÃÑ@∞ìH˘x =ÙO\Ï~° ∞. ãO^Œ ∞ ^˘iH˜ Õ KåÅ∞ ã_ç K«Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_» P ^è Œ<åxfl "å~° ∞

"Õ ∞™êÎ~° ∞. J@∞=O\˜ "åiH "åi ™êfi~° ÷ "Õ ∞ HÍx ^Õâ◊ ˆ H∆ =∞O =ÚYºO HÍ Œ ∞. J\˜ ì "åiH ~å*ÏºkèHÍ~°OW=fi‰õÄ_» Œ∞.

Meaning: A man can never be a true leader of the people if he quietly embezzles

public funds. A fence which grazes on a field it is supposed to protect, can never work

for its welfare.

Embezzle = steal

Moral: A true leader works for the welfare of the people.

V

104. ™êfi~° ÷ "≥ ÚHõ > ÜÕ ∞Å∞ ã ~° fi [QÆ « ∞Î #∞ ™êfi~° ÷ =Ú_ç Ô Q<Õ x âßOu QÆ Å∞æ‰õ ΩÅ=Ú, =∞ « =Ú, Éè Ï+ ‰õ ΩO\˜ ™ê‰õ ΩÅ∞ ã¨∞=∂! =∞#ã¨ ∞ qÑ≤ Ê q#∞=Ú =∞Oz =∂@.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O




106. ZO « K« Œ ∞=Ù K« kq Ü≥ ∞xfl <Õ iÛ#QÍx Ç‘ Ï#∞_» =QÆ∞O|∞ =∂#ÖË_» ∞ ÉÁQÆ ∞æ áêÅQÆ_» ∞QÆ É’=Ù<å =∞e#O|∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Zxfl q Œ ºÅ∞ <ÕiÛ<å, Ç‘ Ï#∞_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ ^Œ ∞~° ∞æ Ïxfl =^Œ ∞Å∞HÀ_» ∞. ÉÁQÆ ∞æ#∞ áêÅ`À Hõ_çy#O`«=∂„`å#, ^•x =∂e#ºO áÈ Œ ∞ QÆ •.

hu : Zxfl q Œ ºÅ∞ <ÕiÛ<å, JÅ∞Ê_» ∞ `«# ^Œ ∞~° ∞æ Ïxfl =^ŒÅ_» ∞.

Meaning: No amount of education can change an evil man to become good and

noble. Cleaning coal with milk is of no use as it will remain black.

Moral: An evil man cannot change for the better, however much we may try.

V

107. huÖË x"åx xOkO„ « ∞ Ö’‰õ ΩÅ∞ W «~°QÆ∞=ÚÅqfiÜ≥∞@∞ìÅ∞#fl,HÍ# =∂#=ÙO_» ∞ Ñ¨ ÓxHõ, #Ü« ∞q Œ º

QÆ_» #¿ãÜ« ∞ "≥ Ú Œ Å QÆ_»QÆ =ÅÜ« Ú.– huK«O„kHõ

Éè Ï=O : `«H˜ ¯# QÆ ∞ÏÅ =∂@ Z@∞¡<åfl, huÖËx"åxx Ö’HõO `«Ñ¨ ÊHõ xOkã¨ ∞ÎOk. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ Ñ@∞ì ŒÅ`À=∂#=Ù_» ∞ hu=∂~° æOÖ’ ÑÜ« ∞xOK«@O <Õ~° ∞ÛHÀ"åe.

hu : JxflO\’¡H hu =∂~° æO Q˘Ñ¨ Êk.

Meaning: Whatever the qualities a man may have if he has no morals and ethics, theworld is bound to criticize him. Thus a man should take the path of right conduct with

determination, to win respect in society.

Moral: The best of all paths is that of the right and true.

V

108. H˘OK≥ÑÙ#~°∞ãOQÆuKÕJOz « =ÚQÆ H©_» ∞ =K« ∞Û #k Ü≥ ∞@¡ #fl<£HOz « ∞Î #e¡ ‰õ Ω\˜ ì # =∞OK« =Ú#‰õ Ω KÕ @∞ =K« ∞Û =∞Ç≤ ÏÖ’ ã¨ ∞=∞f.




Éè Ï=O : XHõ #e¡ KÕi#O Œ ∞=Å¡ =∞OKåxfl "Õ_ç hà◊ ¡ À Hõ_»QÆ_»O, Hõ„~° À H˘@ì_»O [~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok. JÖÏˆ QXHõ JÅ∞Ê_» ∞ h=Ù KÕ ¿ã ã¨ å¯~° ºOÖ’ *Ëi`Õ P ã¨ å¯~åºxH Éè íOQÆO HõÅ∞æ « ∞Ok.

hu : WO`« xÑ¨ C~°=fi KåÅ∞, WÅ∞¡ `«QÆÅÉ@ì_®xH.

Meaning: One bed bug alone can drive people to wash their cots with hot water. The

beds are thoroughly beaten and shaken with sticks. If one evil man has a part to play in

any good project, it is bound to fail.

Moral: One spark is enough to set fire to, and destroy a house.

V

109. ZÑ¨ C_» ∞ Œ Ñ¨ CÅ∞ "≥ Œ Ô H_» ∞JÑ¨ C~° ∞+¨ µx Q˘Åfi QÆ ∂_» Œ k Ü≥ ∞@¡ #fl<£ã¨ ~° ÊO|∞ Ñ_»QÆ h_» #∞QÆ Ñ¨ Ê =ã≤Oz# q è ŒO|∞ QÆ Œ ~å ã ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : ZÑ¨ C_» ∞#∞ «Ñ¨ CÅ∞ Ñ>Ë ì "åx „HO^Œ ÑxKÕÜ« ∞_»O, áê=Ú Ñ_»QÆ h_»Ö’ HõÑ¨ Ê x=ã≤Oz#@∞¡O@∞Ok.P áê=Ú U^À ™ê‰õ Ω ÃÑ\˜ ì HõÑ¨ Ê#∞ „q∞OQÆ=K« ∞Û. HÍ|\˜ ì J\˜ ì "åx =^Œ Ì H˘Å∞=Ù KÕÜ« ∞QÆ ∂_» Œ ∞.

hu : Ñ≤ e¡ À ZÅ∞Hõ K≥ÅQÍ@ =∂_»QÆ ∂_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: Working with a man who is forever finding fault with one’s service, is like a

frog living in the shade of a cobras’ hood. The snake is sure to find an excuse any

moment to swallow the frog. One should never work under such a man.

Moral: Never play a cat and mouse game.

V

110. ŒQÆ æ ~° H˘O_≥ =Ú K≥ ÃÑÊ_» ∞ „ÃÑQÆ æ_» Ñ¨ Å∞‰õΩÅ‰õ Ω ~åA „Ñ≤Ü« Ú_≥ · =∞i `å <≥QÆ∞æ „|[HÍK«iOK«∞@ ÉÁQÆ ∞æ ÅÔ H· Hõ ÅÊ « ~° ∞=Ù ÉÁ_» ∞K« ∞@ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : ~å*ˇ ·#"å_» ∞ `«# ^ŒQÆ æ~° KÕi, H˘O_≥=ÚÅ∞ K≥ ¿ÑÊ =∞O„u =∂@efl #q∞‡, `«# „Ñ[Å‰õ Ω H©_» ∞KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. J\Ï¡ H©_» ∞ KÕÜ« ∞_»O, HÀiHõÅxflO\x fˆ ~Û HõÅÊ=$H∆ Íxfl ÉÁQÆ ∞æÅ HÀãO H˘\˜ ì "Õã≤#@¡=Ù « ∞Ok.

hu : H˘O_≥=ÚÅ∞ K≥ ¿ÑÊ"å˜ ‚ ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω ~åhÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.




Meaning: A king should never believe his minister who carries tales about his subjects

to harm them. Such attitudes are like cutting down the sacred “Kalpataru” or the wishing

tree to get coal.

Moral:Never allow a tale bearing mischievous person to come near and cause trouble.

V

111. Z_≥ ¤ =∞#∞+¨ µº_Õ "≥ ∞~° ∞QÆ ∞ <≥ xfl k#O|∞Å∞ ‰õ Ä_ç Ü« ÚO_ç #<£ ^˘_» ¤ QÆ ∞Ï_è » ∞º#O Œ ∞QÆ Å `À~° Ñ¨ Ù =~° Î #Öˇ Å¡, „Ñ¨ [ ÉË ~° fi_» ¤ q"ÕHõ su, ~° ∞záêHõ =Ú <åÅ∞HõQÍ Ô H~° ∞OQÆ ∞<Õ ≥_» ¤ k ‰õ Ä~° Ö’, QÆÅÜ« ∞ „k=∞‡~° ∞ K« ∞O_ç # <≥ · # Éè Ïã¨ ¯~å!

Éè Ï=O : ^˘_» ¤ QÆ ∞ÏÅ∞ Hõ eæ# =∞#∞+¨ µºx =^Œ Ì, Z_≥ ¤ =∞#∞+¨ µº_≥O`«HÍÅO ‰õ Ä_ç =ÙO_ç<å, ^˘_» ¤ QÆ ∞ÏÅ#∞á⁄O^ŒÖË_» ∞. q"ÕHõO QÆÅ"å_Õ á⁄O^ŒQÆÅ_» ∞. ~° ∞z`À ‰õ Ä_ç# ‰õ Ä~°Ö’, `≥_» ∞¤ Zxfl™ê~° ∞¡ uiy<å, JO^Œ e~° ∞zx „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK«ÖË Œ ∞. <åÅ∞Hõ =∂„`« "Õ ∞ „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK«QÆÅ^Œ ∞.

hu : =¸~° ∞ö_» ∞ =∞Oz"åi`À ZO «HÍÅ=Ú<åfl =∞Ozx „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK«ÖË_» ∞.

Meaning: A stupid person can never imbibe great qualities, however long he lives,

with a man who has great qualities. Only an intelligent man can benefit and learn from a

great man. A wooden ladle will never know the taste of a dish, no matter however many

times it is used to stir. It is only the tongue which can know the taste.

Imbibe = absorb, „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK« ∞

Moral: A stupid man can never learn good things from great people, however long he

may have been in their company.

V

112. Ju QÆ ∞Ç‘ Ï# Ö’aèH, Ñ ^•~° ÷ =Ú QÆ eæ #, ÖËHõ Ü« ÚO_ç #<£ q∞ « =ÚQÆQÍx Hõ e‡QÆ Åg∞ Œ @<≥ · # Éè í ∞lOÑ_çOÑ¨ ÙQÍã¨ « =∞x #=Ú‡ Õ Ç¨ Ï=Ú#∞ ãOÑ¨ Œ, <Õ ~° ∞Å∞ xO_ç áêi#<£QÆ « ∞HõQÆ EK« ∞ QÆ ∞Hõ ¯ « # Hõ@ì_» g∞~°Hõ Ü≥ ∞O Œ ∞, Éè Ïã¨ ¯~å!




114. T~°Hõ ã¨ [˚ #∞O_˘ky Ü« ÚO_ç #<≥ · # Œ ∞~å « ‡‰õ ΩO_» ∞ x ëê¯~° "≥ ∂~° fiÖËHõ, Ü« ∞ÑHÍ~° =Ú KÕÜ« Ú@ "åx q Œ ºQÍ p~° Å∞ #∂~° ∞ @OHõ =ÚÅ∞ KÕ Ãã_ç "≥ · ##∞ É >ˇ ì #∞O_»QÍ KÕ i zxOyáÈ Q˘~° ∞‰õ Ω z=∞‡@ˆ Hq∞ Ñ¶ ¨ ÅO|∞ Éè Ïã¨ ¯~å!

Éè Ï=O : qÅ∞=QÆÅ =¢™êÎÅ∞ ÃÑ>ˇ ìÖ’ =ÙO>Ë, `«#ˆ Hq∞ „ÑÜ≥ ∂[#O ÖËHõáÈ~Ú<å, z=∞@ H˘>Ë ìã¨ ∞ÎOk.JÖÏˆ Q, xëê¯~° OQÍ ã[#∞xH ^Œ ∞~° #∞_» ∞ JÑHÍ~°O KÕ™êÎ_» ∞.

hu : HÍ~° O ÖËHõáÈ~Ú<å Ñ~° ∞Å#∞ Ç≤ ÏOã≤™êÎ_» ∞ ^Œ ∞~° #∞_» ∞.

Meaning: Moths eat away precious silks, though carefully stored in a box. Similarly

an evil man often harms a good man, for no valid reason at all.

Moral: An evil man often harms others though he has no reason to do so.

V

115. uqi, ~Úã¨ ∞=Ú# ≥ · ÅO|∞ nÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û Œ qe =∞$QÆ « $+¨ ‚ Ö’ h~° ∞ „^•==K« ∞Û kiy ‰õ ΩO Õ \ H˘=Ú‡ ™êkèOÑ¨ =K« ∞Û

*Ë i =¸~° ∞ö x =∞#ã¨ ∞ ~°OlOÑ¨ ~å Œ ∞.– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi

Éè Ï=O : Wã¨ ∞Hõ#∞ Ñ≤O_ç `≥ ·ÖÏxfl fÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û. ZO_»=∂=ÙÅÖ’x hà◊ §#∞ „`åQÆ=K« ∞Û. Jxfl KÀ@¡ uiy,‰õ ΩO^Õ\ H˘=Ú‡#∞ Õ=K« ∞Û. HÍx =¸~° ∞öx ãO`À+¨ ÃÑ@ìÖË=Ú.

hu : U"≥ ∞ÿ<å ™êkèOK«=K« ∞Û. HÍx =¸~° ∞öx ãO`À+¨ ÃÑ@ìÖË=Ú.

Meaning: It is possible to squeeze oil from sand, drink water from a mirage, or search

far and wide and bring a rabbits’ horn, but it is impossible to please a stupid man.

Moral:Anything is possible except satisfying a foolish man.

V




116. HÀÑ¨ =Ú #∞|∞ƒ#∞ QÆ ~° fi=Ú <åáÈ=Hõ Ü« ÚxHÜ« Ú#∞ Œ ∞~° aè =∂#=Ú x ~åfi ºáê~° « fi=Ú ##∞ xqHÍÑ¨ Ù~° ∞+ QÆ ∞O|∞ ÅO„_» ∞ H“~° =<å ä •!

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O Éè Ï=O : „Ñu^•xH HÀÑyOK«_»O, JÅÊãO`À+O`À á⁄OyáÈ=_»O, QÆ~åfixfl „Ñ¨ Œi≈OK«_»O, ÕxHx`« $Ñ≤ ÎK≥O^Œ‰õ ΩO_»_»O, Œ ∞~°aè=∂#O K« ∂Ñ≤OK«_»O, Ñxáê@ ÖË‰õ ΩO_» u~°QÆ_»O Wq Œ ∞+¨ µìx Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞.

hu : `« ∞=∞‡K≥@∞ì‰õ Ω =ÚO_» ∞¡ÖÏQÍ, ^Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æxH ^Œ ∞~° ∞æ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú.

J~° ÷O : PáÈ=HõÜ« ÚxH ´ `« $Ñ≤ ÎÖËHõ áÈ=_»O

Meaning: The qualities of an unpleasant man of low character are, to lose his temper

often, be wildly happy for minor things, be very proud, be dissatisfied all the time, be

vain and arrogant and drifts around doing nothing of importance.

Moral: An evil man’s bad qualities are like the thorns of a babul tree.

V




hu : Z\˜ ì Ñiã≤ ÷ « ∞Ö’¡#∞, ~ÚO\’¡ `«QÆ=ÙÅ∞ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ~å Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_», WO\áÈ~° ∞#∞ Éè íiOK«_»O ZO « Hõ+¨ ì "≥ ∂ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. WO\Ö’ áÈ~° ∞ JO>Ë ãO™ê~°OÖ’áÈ~° ∞ Jx K≥Ñ¨ CHÀ"åe. Ñ≤Å¡Å ÃÑOÑHõO, q^Œ º <ÕiÊOK«_»O, q"åÇ¨ Å∞ K≥Ü« ∞º_»O W\˜ ì q+Ü« ∂Ö’¡ WO\H˜

ÃÑ^Œ ÌÖˇ ·# `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å =∞^è Œ º<Õ á⁄~°á⁄KåÛÅ∞ ~å=K« ∞Û. WO\H =zÛ# HÀ_»à◊ ¡‰õ Ω, J`« Î=∂=∞Å‰õ Ω, XkÌHõ,

™ê=∞~°ã¨ ºO =ÙO_»HõáÈ=K« ∞Û. J#fl^Œ=Ú‡Å =∞^è Œ º Pã≤ Î ÑOÑHõOÖ’ `«QÍ^•Å∞ ~å=K« ∞Û. Wq "≥ Ú^Œ\’¡ z#flqQÍ =ÙO_ç HÍÅO QÆ_çKÕ H˘Åk ÃÑ Œ Ì "≥ ·, ~ÚO\’¡ zK« ∞Û ÃÑ_» å~Ú. Jq∞`« "≥ ∞ÿ# ÉÏ è Œ Hõ eæ™êÎ~Ú.L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω, K≥Ñ¨ CÖ’ Ñ_Õ ~å~Ú KåÅ z#flk, K≥qÖ’ Œ ∂ˆ ~ *’sQÆ ‰õ Ä_® z#fl Õ. HõO\’¡ Ñ_Õ #Å∞ã¨ ∞HõO\H Hõ#Ñ_»#O`« z#flk. HÍeÖ’ QÆ ∞K« ∞ÛH˘<Õ =ÚÅ∞¡ ‰õ Ä_» ã¨ fiÅÊ"≥ ∞ÿ#^Õ. HÍx Jq Hõ eæOKÕ ÉÏ è ŒJOuO`å HÍ Œ ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì ~ÚO\’¡ Z@∞=O\ Ñiã≤ ÷ « ∞ÖÖ’ ‰õ Ä_», `«QÆ=ÙÅ∞ ~å‰õ ΩO_» *Ï„QÆ « Î Ñ_®e.

Meaning: Quarrelling and squabbling in a home is troublesome, very like a stone in a

shoe, a bee in the ear, a particle in the eye, and a thorn in the leg. These cause much

pain and suffering. Care has always to be taken to have a happy home.

Squabbling = [QÆ_»=∂_» ∞

Moral: It is wise to never have quarrels in a home for it to remain a truly happy home.

V

119. « e¡ ŒO„_» ∞ÅO Œ ∞ ŒÜ« ∞ÖË x Ñ Ù„ « ∞O_» ∞ Ñ¨ Ù@ì <Õ q∞! "å_» ∞ y@ì <Õ q∞! Ñ¨ Ù@ì Ö’# K≥ Œ Å∞ Ñ¨ Ù@ì ^•! y@ì^•! qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å g∞^Œ ^ŒÜ« ∞ K« ∂Ñ≤Oz ¿ã=KÕÜ« ∞x ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞_» ∞ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì<å XHõ ¯>Ë K« zÛ<å XHõ ¯>Ë.

Ñ¨ Ù@ìÖ’ K≥ ŒÅ∞ Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞`« ∞Ok K« zÛáÈ`« ∞Ok. ^•x<≥=~° ∞ QÆ=∞xOK«~° ∞. ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞_» ∞ ‰õ Ä_» P K≥^ŒÅ =O\˜ "å_Õ. Wk ãO™ê¯~° Ç‘ Ï#`åfixfl `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å#∞ „¿Ñq∞OKåe. JÖÏ KÕÜ« ∞x "å~° ∞ rqOK«_»O =º~° ÷O.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å∞, Ñ≤Å¡Å =∞ è Œ º =ÙO_»=Åã≤# „¿Ñ=∞#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. D ã¨ $+≤ ìÖ’Z<Àfl r=ÙÅ∞ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì y@∞ì « ∂ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. P r=Ùefl Hõ#fl r=ÙÅ∞ H˘O « =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞û =KÕ Û^•HÍ "å\x„¿Ñ=∞`À ÃÑOz áÈ+≤Oz =^ŒÖË™êÎ~Ú. Ñ≤Å¡ r=ÙÅ∞ `«=∞O`« `å=Ú „|`«Hõ_»O <Õ~° ∞ÛH˘O\Ï~Ú. HÍx

`« e¡ «O„_» ∞Å#∞ Jq =∞~° záÈ`å~Ú. Wk "å\ ã¨ Ç¨ Ï[ ÅHõ ∆ O. =∂#=Ù_»\Ï¡ HÍ^Œ ∞, `«##∞ „¿Ñ=∞`À ÃÑOz áÈ+≤Oz# `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å#∞ uiy „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_» ∞. Wk =∂#= ÅHõ ∆ O. W\Ï¡ „¿Ñq∞OK«ÖËx Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞_» ∞QÍx, Ñ¨ Ù„uHõ QÍx, Ñâ◊ √ÑH∆ Íº^Œ ∞Å`À ã=∂#O. XHõ Ñ¨ Ù@ìÖ’ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì, y@∞ì « ∞#fl K≥ ŒÅ∞ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞Å‰õ Ω "åiH˜Éè Ë ŒO ÖË Œ ∞. WO^Œ ∞=Å¡ =∂#=`« fiO Ñâ◊ √`åfixH kQÆ*Ïi#\∫¡`« ∞Ok.




Éè Ï=O : "åb‡H Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìHõ À É’Ü« ∞"å_» ∞. ~å=∂Ü« ∞ =∞Ç¨ HÍ"åºxfl ~° zOz, ~å=∞ <å=∞ [ÑO =Å¡=∞Ç¨ Ïi¬ Ü≥ ÿ ∞<å_» ∞. ‰õ ΩÅO HõO>Ë QÆ ∞O „Ñ¨ è •#"≥ ∞ÿ#^Œx x~° ∂Ñ≤OKå_» ∞.

hu : ‰õ ΩÅO HõO> QÆ ∞"Õ ∞ „Ñ¨ è •#O.

"åºMÏº#O : ‰õ ΩÅO HÍ^Œ ∞ QÆ ∞O „Ñ¨ è •#=∞x ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Ç≤ ÏO^Œ ∂ ãOÑ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’ Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO =$uÎ ÃÑ·P^è •~°Ñ_ç ‰õ ΩÅ =º=ã¨ ÷ U~° Ê_çOk. =$uÎx |\˜ ì XHõ =ºH˜ ÎH ã=∂[OÖ’ Q“~°=q∞=fi_»O [iˆ Qk. JkãiÜ≥ ÿ ∞# Ñ¨ Œ úu QÍ Œx „HO^Œ L^•Ç¨ Ï~° `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. N=∞„^•=∂Ü« ∞Ïxfl ãOã¨ ¯ $`«OÖ’ ~° zOz#

"åb‡H =∞Ç¨ Ïi¬ =$uÎÖ’ É’Ü« ∞"å_» ∞. [O`« ∞=ÙÅ#∞ "Õ\Ï_ç rqOKÕ "å_» ∞. J`«_» ∞ J~° ºOÖ’ =Úhâ◊ fi~° ∞Å^•fi~å *Ï<À^ŒÜ« ∂xfl á⁄Ok, `«Ñã¨ ∞û KÕã≤, q^•ºq*Ï<åÅ <åiOz ~å=∂Ü« ∞Ïxfl HÍ=ºOQÍ ~° zOz,J`« ∞º`« Î=∞"≥ ∞ÿ# =∞Ç¨ Ïi¬ Ñ¨ Œqx á⁄O^ŒQÆ ey<å_» ∞. ‰õ ΩÅO HõO> QÆ ∞O Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#"≥ ∞ÿ#^Œx x~° ∂Ñ≤OKå_» ∞.

Meaning: The poet Valmiki was a tribal hunter. He was able to compose the great

epic of the Ramayana, and with the chanting of the sacred name of Rama, he wastransformed into a great sage. It is character which is far more relevant than caste. This

is proved in his case.

Moral: Character is far more important than caste.

V

122. #∞ « [ÅÑ¨ Ói «O|∞ÅQÆ ∞ #∂ « ∞Å∞ #∂é˜ \HõO> ã¨ ∂#$ « „= « ! Ü≥ ÚHõ ÉÏq "Õ ∞Å∞ =∞i ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ #∂é \HõO> <˘Hõ ¯ ã¨ ¢ «¯ « ∞=k "Õ ∞Å∞ « „ « ¯ « ∞ â◊ «O|∞#HõO> ã ∞ « ∞O_» ∞ "Õ ∞Å∞ « « ∞û « â◊ «HõO|∞ HõO> <˘Hõ ã¨ ∂#$ « "åHõ º=Ú "Õ ∞Å∞ ã¨ ∂_»QÆ <£

Éè Ï=O : =∞Oz KÕ Œ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ «qfiOK«@O HõO> #∂~° ∞ kQÆ ∞_» ∞ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ «qfiOK«_»O "Õ ∞Å∞. #∂~° ∞ kQÆ ∞_» ∞ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ «qfiOK«@O HõO>Ë XHõ =∞Oz Ü« ∞[O KÕÜ« ∞@O "Õ ∞Å∞. #∂~° ∞ Ü« ∞*ÏÅ HõO>Ë XHõ =∞Oz Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞_» ∞HõÅQÆ@O "Õ ∞Å∞. =∞Oz Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞Å∞ #∂~° ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞ HõO>Ë XHõ ã¨ « º "åHõ ºO "Õ ∞Å∞.

hu : =O Œ=∞Ok ã¨ ∞Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞Å HõO>Ë XHõ ã¨ « º"åHõ ºO Q˘Ñ¨ Êk.

J~å÷ Å∞ : ã¨ ∂#$`«„=`« ! ´ ZÅ¡Ñ¨ C_» ∂ ã¨ åº<Õ fl =∂\Ï¡_» ∞`å#<Õ xÜ« ∞=∞O Hõ ey#"å_®!

"åºMÏº#O : XHõ •x «~åfi`« =∞~˘Hõ •xH˜ L`« ¯~° ¬ K≥Ñ¨ ÓÎ =i‚ ¿ãÎ ™ê~åÅOHÍ~°O J=Ù`« ∞Ok. JO>Ë XHõ •xHõO>Ë =∞~˘Hõ\ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê Jx K≥Ñ¨ Ê@=∞x J~° ÷O. D Ñ¨ Œ ºO =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «OÖ’ â◊‰õ ΩO`«Å Œ ∞+¨ ºO`« ∞Å Hõ ä ŒÖ’xk.â◊‰õ ΩO`«Å#∞ Œ ∞+¨ ºO`« ∞_» ∞ QÍO^è Œ~° fi q"åÇ¨ ÏO KÕã¨ ∞H˘x XHõ ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞x [#‡‰õ Ω HÍ~°‰õ Ω_≥ · P"≥ ∞#∞ Z~° ∞QÆ#@∞¡

=∂\Ï¡_» ∞`å_» ∞. JÖÏO\˜ J`«xx P"≥ ∞ ã¨ ∞#$`«=`« ! Jx ãOÉ’kèOK«_»OÖ’ ZuÎá⁄_» ∞Ñ¨ Ù LOk. ã¨ « ºO*’ºu ÖÏO\k, Jk =∞#Å#∞ =∞# K« ∞@∂ì L#fl "åà◊ §#∞ J^è Œ~° ‡O J<Õ QÀuÖ’ Ñ¨_ç <åâ◊#O HÍ‰õ ΩO_®HÍáê_ç "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. U ≥ ·<å H˘O^ŒiH "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞QÆÅ^Œ ∞ HÍx ã¨ « ºO =∂„`«O JO^ŒiH "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk.JO^Œ ∞ˆ H ZÅ¡Ñ¨ C_» ∂ JO^Œ~° ∂ ã¨`åº<Õ fl Ñ¨ÅHÍe.




Meaning: It is always better to dig one communal well instead of a hundred ordinary

wells. It is better to perform one “Yagya” with sacrificial offering instead of digging a

hundred communal wells. It is better to have one noble and a virtuous son than performing

a hundred yagyas. One single statement of truth is even better than having a hundred

noble sons.

Communal well = a large well with steps leading to the water used by the whole

community.

Moral: A single statement of truth surpasses all good actions, prayers and even having

a hundred noble sons.

Surpass = overtake

V

123. B#@OK« ∞ <˘Hõ ¯_®_ç # =∂@‰õ ΩHÍ Œ @OK« ∞ |Å∞Hõ Hõ ∆ =Ú Ñ¨ @∞ì, ^•x xÅ∞=nÜ« ∞ è • «Ü≥ ∞ kQÆ =Öˇ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : XHõ~° ∞ 'B#∞— J#fl =∂@#∞ 'HÍ^Œ ∞— J#_®xH XHõ Hõ ∆ O Ñ@∞ì « ∞Ok. HÍx •xx x~° ∂Ñ≤OK«_®xH˜„|Ç¨ Ï‡^Õ=Ù_» ∞ ky~å"åe. ã`åºxfl x~° ∂Ñ≤OK«_»O ZO`« Hõ+¨ ì "≥ ∂ nx=Å¡ J~° ÷=∞ø`« ∞Ok.

hu : ã¨ « º x~° ∂Ñ¨ Hõ+¨ ìO J~Ú<å ^•xfl q_» ∞=‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : XHõ ã=∞ã¨ º Ü≥ ∞^Œ ∞Ô ~· Õ, ^•x Ñiëê¯~åxH qAÖˇ ·#"å~° ∞ Z<Àfl Ñiëê¯~åÅ#∞ ã¨ ∂zã¨ ∂Î "å^•Å∞ KÕã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~° ∞. XHõ~° ∞ 'B#∞— J#fl^•xx, WOH˘Hõ~° ∞ 'HÍ^Œ ∞— J#_»O KåÖÏ ã¨ ∞ÅÉè íO. HÍx ^•xxJ#∞Éèí"åÅ`À, ™êH∆Íº^è•~åÅ∞ *’_çOz |∞∞A=Ù KÕÜ«∞_»O KåÖÏ Hõ+¨ìO. L^•Ç¨Ï~°‰õΩ, =~°Hõ@flÑ¨Ù^Œ ∞~åKå~åxfl, K«\ÏìÅ ^•fi~å x"åiOK«QÆÅ=∞x XHõ~°O\Ï~° ∞. HÍ^Œx "Õ~˘Hõ~°O\Ï~° ∞. WO`«=~°‰õ Ω Pq+Ü« ∞OÖ’ K«\ÏìÅ∞ KÕÜ« ∞|_®¤~Ú. HÍx ã=∞ã¨ º‰õ Ω Ñiëê¯~°O ^˘~°HõÖË Œ ∞. Ñ~°ã¨ Ê~° "å^•Å∞ =∂„`«O[~°QÆ ∞`« ∞<åfl~Ú.

Meaning: It takes but a moment to say ‘no’ to what someone else says ‘yes’. To

prove that a statement is right or wrong the Lord Brahma himself has to come down to

earth. From this it is understood how difficult it is to prove that something is true or

otherwise.

Moral: Never give up the attempt to prove the truth, however difficult it may

be to do so.

V




"åºMÏº#O : =∞Oz"åix QÆ∞iÎOK«_»O ZÖÏQÀ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥Ñ¨Ê|_çOk. Ö’HõOÖ’ J<ÕHõ q^è•Öˇ·#=∞#∞+¨ µºÅ∞<åfl~° ∞. "åi ~° ∂áêÅ∞ XHõ ¯\QÍ<Õ HõxÊã¨ ∂Î =ÙO\Ï~Ú. "åiÖ’ =∞Oz"åÔ ~=~À, "åi Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìÑ¨ Ó~Àfi`« Î~åÅ#∞, „Ñ=~° Î##∞ Ö’ « ∞QÍ ÑijeOz#Ñ¨ C_Õ ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω LÑ¨ C, Hõ~° ∂Ê~°O Ô ~O_» ∞`≥Å¡QÍ Xˆ H ~°OQÆ ∞Ö’ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. ~° ∞z K« ∂z#Ñ¨ C_Õ Uk =ÙáÈÊ, Uk Hõ~° ∂Ê~° "≥ ∂ `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍ|\˜ì=∞Oz, K≥_» ¤Å#∞ q_»=∞iz K≥Ñ¨ Ê_®xH Ö’ ≥ ·# ÑijÅ# J=ã~°O.

Meaning: Salt and camphor look alike. When examined closely, their tastes differ. In

the same manner, good, pious people are different from others. It is very difficult to

recognize who is good and who is not, by their outward appearances.

Moral: Pious people have to be identified and they should be the role models to all.

V

126. |O è Œ ∞[#∞ÅE_» ∞, ÉÏ è Œ Å ã¨ =∞Ü« ∂#, Éè íÜ« ∞=Ú"Õ à◊ E_» ∞, |O@∞ « #=Ú, ¿Ñ Œ Ñ_» ¤ "≥ #∞Hõ, ÃÑO_®¡ =Ú =∞u E_» ∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : h=Ù ÉÏ^è ŒÖ’¡ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ P^Œ ∞H˘#fl"å_Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# |O^è Œ ∞=Ù. h=Ù HõëêìÅ<≥ Œ ∞~À¯ÖËHõ, Éè íÜ« ∞O`À

=Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ h‰õ Ω À_» ∞QÍ =ÙO_ç ¿ã=Å∞ KÕÜ« Ú"å_Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# |O@∞. h=Ù Pi÷HõOQÍ zuHáÈ~Ú, ãO™ê~°Éè Ï~åxfl "≥ ∂Ü« ∞ÖËHõ J=ã¨ ÷Ñ_» ∞`« ∞#fl "Õà◊, x#∞fl „¿Ñ=∞`À K« ∂K« ∞#^Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# WÖÏ¡Å∞.

hu : PÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ =zÛ#Ñ¨ C_Õ PÑ¨ ÙÎÖ=~À `≥Å∞™êÎ~° ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : x["≥ ∞ÿ# Pf‡Ü« Úefl ZÖÏ QÆ ∞iÎOKåÖ’ WK« Û@ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. „Ñu "åiH |O è Œ ∞=ÙÅ∞O\Ï~° ∞. ¿ã=‰õ ΩÅ∞ LO\Ï~° ∞. ‰õ Ω@∞O|O LO@∞Ok. x["≥ ∞ÿ# |O^è Œ ∞=ÙÖ=~À, qâßfiãO QÆÅ ¿ã=‰õ ΩÖ=~À, „¿Ñ=∞QÆÅ ‰õ Ω@∞O| ãÉè í ∞ºÖ=~À `å#∞ PÑ¨ ŒÖ’ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_Õ P =ºH˜ ÎH `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. XHõ =∞x+≤ #ëêìÅáêÖˇ ·

ÉÏ^è ŒÖ’ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞, J`«xH À_» ∞QÍ xeÛ ™ê#∞Éè í ∂u K« ∂Ñ≤, HÍáê_Õ "å_Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# |O^è Œ ∞=Ù. WO\’¡ HÍxÉˇ ·@ QÍx ˘OQÆÅ =Å¡, „Ñ=∂^•Å =Å¡ =∞x+≤H Éè íÜ« ∞O Hõ eæ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ J`«x =ÚO Œ ∞ xeÛ, «# „áêÏÅ#∞

Ãã· «O "˘_ç ¤ ~°Hõ ∆ Hõ eÊOKÕ "å_Õ qâßfiãáê„`« ∞_≥ ·# ¿ã=‰õ Ω_» ∞. =∞x+≤ Pi÷HõOQÍ zuHáÈ~Ú, ãO™ê~° Éè Ï~°O "≥ ∂Ü« ∞ÖËHõ J=ã¨ ÷Å∞ Ñ_» ∞`« ∞#fl ã=∞Ü« ∞OÖ’, HõëêìÅ#∞ ÑOK« ∞HÀ=_®xH ã≤ Œ ú "≥ ∞ÿ, h_»ÖÏQÍ "≥#flO\ Ü« ÚO_ÕÉè Ï~° º =∂„`« "Õ ∞ x["≥ ∞ÿ# J~å÷Oy.

Meaning: A true relative is one who comes to help, when one is in trouble. A true

servant is one who stays with one, in times of fear or trouble. He supports and serves in

both bad times and good times. A truly good wife is one who supports and loves her

husband even when his wealth is gone and finds life very difficult to bear.




Moral: Only when one is deep in trouble, does a man realize who his true well

wishers are?

V

127. W#∞=Ú qiÔ Q<Õ x ~Ú=∂‡~° ∞ =Ú=∂‡~° ∞HÍz Ü« ∞ « ∞Hõ <Õ ~° ∞Û Hõ =∞‡s_» ∞ =∞#ã¨ ∞ qiÔ Q<Õ x =∞iÜ« ∞O@ <Õ ~° ∞Û<å? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : W#∞=Ú qiy Õ H˘eq∞Ö’ HÍz Ô ~O_» ∞ =¸_» ∞ Ñ~åºÜ« ∂Å∞ „ÑÜ« ∞uflOz J`« ∞Hõ=K« ∞Û. =∞#ã¨ ∞qiy Õ ZO`« „ÑÜ« ∞uflOz<å J`« ∞‰õ Ω "ÕÜ« ∞_»O ™ê^è Œ º=∞=Ù`« ∞O^•? HÍ|\˜ ì ~Ú`«~° ∞Å =∞#ã¨ ∞û#∞ <˘Ñ≤ ÊOKÕ

Ñ#∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. hu : =∞#ã¨ ∞ qiy`Õ J`« ∞HÀ¯^Œ ∞, HÍ=Ù# W «~° ∞Å`À ã¨ ∞xfl`«OQÍ "≥ ∞ÅQÍe.

"åºMÏº#O : =∞#ã¨ ∞û QÆux QÆ ∂iÛ ~ÚHõ ¯_» `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕÜ« ∞|_çOk. ÑÖˇ ¡@∂à◊ §Ö’ =º=™êÜ« ∞Ñ¨ Ù Ñ¨x=Ú>ˇ ÿ ¡#<åˆ QÅ∞‰õ Ω Z_» ¡ |O_çH W#∞Ñ ™ê=∂#∞ "å_» ∞`å~° ∞. W#∞=Ú qiy#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ Hõ=∞‡i H˘eq∞Ö’ •xx HÍeÛJuH˜™êÎ_» ∞. W^Œ Ì~° ∞ =º‰õ ΩÎÅ =∞^è Œ º qÉè Ë •Å∞ =zÛ, Hõiî<À‰õ ΩÎÅ`À XHõi<˘Hõ~° ∞ xOkOK« ∞H˘O>Ë =∞#ã¨ ∞ûÅ∞qiyáÈ`å~Ú. P =∞#ã¨ ∞ûÅ#∞ JuHOK«_»O ™ê^è Œ ºO HÍ Œ ∞.

Meaning: If an iron article is broken, the blacksmith heats it and mends it after two or

three attempts. But if a heart breaks it is impossible to mend it. So, one has to be careful

not to do things which can hurt or harm others.

mend = ÉÏQÆ ∞ KÕÜ« Ú, =∞~°=∞‡`« ∞Î KÕÜ« Ú

Moral: Move carefully with others, never hurting them, as a broken heart can never

mend.

V

128. « Ñ¨ CÖˇ #∞fl"å~° ∞ «O_ÀÑ¨ «O_»O|∞ Å∞ifi [#∞ÅÔ HÅ¡ #∞O_» ∞ « Ñ¨ C « Ñ¨ CÖˇ #∞fl"å~° ∞ « =∞ « Ñ¨ C Ö ~° ∞QÆ ~° ∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : «Ñ¨ CÅ∞ Ñ>Ë ì "å~° ∞ Ö’HõOÖ’ H˘Å¡Å∞QÍ =ÙO\Ï~° ∞. „ÑÑOK«OÖ’ JO ŒiH «Ñ¨ CÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. «Ñ¨ CÅ∞Ñ>Ë ì "å~° ∞ `«=∞ `«Ñ¨ Cefl `≥ eã≤HÀ~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì, ~Ú`«~° ∞Å `«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ Ñ@ì_»O =∞Oz Ñx HÍ^Œ ∞.

hu : Z=i `«Ñ¨ C#∞ "åˆ ~ `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ"åe.




"åºMÏº#O : XHõix `«Ñ¨ CÑ>Ë ì=ÚO^Œ ∞, `«# `«Ñ¨ C#∞ `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ"åÅx ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. XHõ =ºH˜ Î ÃÑ·=∞~˘Hõ =ºH˜ Î, XHõ ãOã¨ ÷ ÃÑ· =∞~˘Hõ ãOã¨ ÷, XHõ „ÑÉè í ∞`« fiO ÃÑ· =∞~˘Hõ „ÑÉè í ∞`« fiO, XHõ ^Õâ◊OÃÑ· =∞~˘Hõ ^Õâ◊O`«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ Ñ¨_» ∞`« ∞O\Ï~° ∞. `«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ ÖËx "ås „Ñ¨ÑOK«OÖ’<Õ ÖË~° ∞. `«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ Ñ¨@∞ìH˘<Õ "å~° ∞ `«=∞ `«Ñ¨ Cefl QÆ ∞iÎOK«ÖË~° ∞. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡<Õ, ~¸<å_» ∞ „ÑÑOK«=∞O «@ q"å^•Å∞ K≥Åˆ ~y JâßOu <≥ÅH˘#flk. L^•Ç Ï~° ‰õ Ω„Ñu ^Õâ◊OÖ’#∞ „ÑÉè í ∞`« fi ÑHõ ∆ O, „Ñu ÑHõ ∆ O =ÙO\Ï~Ú. XHõiÃÑ· XHõ~° ∞ ^Œ ∞"≥ ∞‡uÎ áÈã¨ ∞HÀ=_» "Õ ∞ ÑxQÍ

"å~° ∞ „Ñ=iÎOK«_»O =∞#=Ú K« ∂ã¨ ∞Î<åflO. Z^Œ ∞\˜ "åx `«Ñ¨ C K« ∂Ñ≤OK«_®xH, XHõ „"Õ ex =ÚO^Œ ∞‰õ ΩKåÑ≤ Õ, =¸_» ∞ „"Õà◊ √¡ =∞#"≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù K« ∂Ñ≤ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~Ú. XHõix `«Ñ¨ C Ñ>Ë ì=ÚO Œ ∞, =∞#q∞k QÆ ∞~° ∞ÎOK« ∞HÀ"åe.

Meaning: There are many people in the world who can find fault with others. There is

no man without a flaw. Those who criticize are unaware of their own shortcomings.

Hence it is not wise to find fault with others.

Moral: One should first know one’s own faults before pointing a finger at others.

V

129. hà◊ §Ö’# "≥ Úã¨ e, xy_ç ÜÕ ∞#∞QÆ ∞|@∞ì Éˇ ·@ ‰õ ΩHõ¯ KÕ « Éè íOQÆ Ñ_» ∞#∞, ™ê÷ #|e‡HÍx « #|e‡ HÍ ŒÜ« ∂ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : "≥ Úã¨ e, hà◊ §Ö’¡ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ ÃÑ^Œ Ì ÜÕ ∞#∞QÆ ∞#∞ ã¨ ∞<åÜ« ∂ãOQÍ Ñ@∞ìHÀQÆÅ^Œ ∞. J^Õ hà◊ § |Ü« ∞@=ÙO>Ë, ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ KÕuÖ’ Éè íOQÆÑ_ç áÈ`« ∞Ok. Jk "≥ Úã¨ e Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ JãÅ∞ |ÅO HÍ Œ ∞, ™ê÷#|ÅO =∂„`« "Õ ∞.HÍ|\˜ ì, Z=fi~° ∞#∞ `«=∞ ™ê÷#|ÖÏxfl áÈQ˘@∞ìHÀ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

hu : ™ê÷#|ÖÏxfl |\˜ ì #_» ∞K« ∞HÀ"åe.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_», ™ê÷#|ÖÏxfl QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»O [iyOk. "≥Úã¨ e, hà◊ ¡Ö’ =Ù#flÑ¨C_» ∞ U#∞QÆ ∞#∞

Ñ@∞ìHÀQÆÅ^Œ ∞. Éˇ ·@ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞, ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ KÕuÖ’ F_çáÈ`« ∞Ok. Wk "≥ Úã¨ e Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ ™ê÷#|Å"Õ ∞ HÍx x["≥ ∞ÿ#|ÅO HÍ^Œ ∞. ^Õâ◊OÖ’ =∞#O <åÜ« ∞‰õ Ωefl K« ∂ã¨ ∞Î<åflO. "åiH ã¨ fi™ê÷#OÖ’ Pã¨ ∞ÎÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. |O^è Œ ∞=ÙÅ∞ã¨ Ç¨ ÏK«~° ∞Å∞, ¿ãflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞Å∞ =ÙO\Ï~° ∞. "åi JO_» ŒO_»Å`À "å~° ∞ ã=∂[OÖ’#∞, „ÑÉè í ∞`« fiO Ö’#∞, JkèHÍ~°Ñ¨ Œ=ÙÅ‰õ Ω ZxflHõ J=Ù`å~° ∞. "Õ~˘Hõ ™ê÷<åxH "≥o§#Ñ¨ C_» ∞, JK« Û@ "åiH J\˜ ì QÆ ∞iÎOÑ¨ Ù =ÙO_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: A crocodile can attack an elephant easily when it is in water. The same

crocodile can be easily overcome by a dog when it is on land. The strength of a crocodile

is effective only in its natural home ground, that is water. Man has to learn that his

greatest advantage in a situation is, when he fights from his familiar home ground.

Moral: One’s strength is far greater on one’s own home ground. A person should be

careful outside his familiar surroundings. His weakness lies in his being an outsider.

V




130. "≥ #fl KÕ « |\˜ ì q=~°O|∞ ≥ eÜ« ∞Hõ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞$ « =Ú HÀ~° ∞#\˜ ì Ü« ∞ « x Éè íOy `å#∞ ≥ ·==∞Ü« Úº ≥ · =O|∞ ŒÅK« ∞#∞, qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : "≥#fl Hõiy¿ãÎ <≥~Úº J=Ù « ∞Ok. Jk `≥ eÜ« ∞Hõ "≥#fl KÕ « Ñ@∞ìH˘x <≥~Úº HÀãO "≥ ŒHõ_»OJ*Ï#=∞=Ù`« ∞Ok. `å<Õ ^≥ ·="≥ ∞ÿ# =∂#=Ù_» ∞ ^≥ ·=O HÀãO "≥ ŒHõ_»O ‰õ Ä_® J*Ï#"Õ ∞.

hu : Hõà◊ √¡ qâßfi#flO`«QÍ K« ∂_»QÆÅ=Ù, HÍx «=∞#∞ å=Ú K« ∂K« ∞HÀÖË=Ù. JÖÏˆ Q =∂#=Ù_» ∞ `«#Ö’ L#fl ^≥ · "åxfl K« ∂_»ÖË‰õ Ω<åfl_» ∞. JO>Ë „Ñu=∞x+≤Ö’#∞ ^≥ ·=O L<åfl_»x J~° ÷O.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» 'JÇ¨ ÏO „|Ç¨ ‡ã≤ ‡— JO>Ë '<Õ<Õ ^Õ=Ù˜ ‚ — J<Õ ã¨ ∂H˜ ÎH J~° ÷O `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ=∞x K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk.r=Ù_Õ ^≥ ·==∞x P^è •ºu‡Hõ "Õ « ÎÅ∞ K≥áêÎ~° ∞. S#Ñ¨ Ê\H, ^•xx QÆ ∞iÎOK«ÖËx =∂#=Ù_» ∞ ^≥ ·=O HÀãO,^Õ "åÅÜ« ∂ÅÖ’, Ñ¨ Ùºˆ H∆ „`åÅÖ’ "≥ Œ‰õ Ω`« ∞O\Ï_» ∞. `«# KÕuÖ’x "≥#fl Hõiy¿ãÎ JO Œ ∞Ö’ #∞OKÕ <≥~Úº=ã¨ ∞ÎO^Œ#fl q+Ü« ∞O `≥ eÜ« ∞Hõ, <≥~Úº HÀãO "≥kˆ H =∞x+≤ J*Ï<åxfl ~Úk ≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: When butter melts, it becomes ghee. When one is ignorant of that fact, even

when he has butter with him, he searches for ghee. Similarly, man himself being divine,

it is only sheer ignorance that he searches for God elsewhere.

Moral: Eyes can see the whole world. But they cannot see themselves. A man is

unable to see the divinity within himself. There is God in every human being.

V

131. è Œ ~° ‡A˝ Öˇ · # Ñ Ù~° ∞+¨ µÅ∞ è Œ ~° ‡=Ù#‰õ Ω ÉÏ è Œ ¿ãÜ« Ú è Œ ~° ‡=Ù<≥ · #<£ è Œ ~° ‡=ÚQÍ =∞k Œ ÅÑ¨ ~° ∞ è Œ~° ‡=Ù ã¨ ~° fiO|∞#‰õ Ω Ç≤ Ï «O|∞QÆ =ÅÜ« Ú<£.

Éè Ï=O : è Œ~° ‡ã¨ fi~° ∂ÑO ≥ eã≤# *Ï#∞Å∞ è Œ~å‡xH U =∂„ «O H©_» ∞ Hõ eyOKÕ Ñx<≥ ·<å è Œ~° ‡OQÍ Éè ÏqOK«~° ∞.JãÅ∞ è Œ~° ‡O JO>Ë Jk Ö’HõOÖ’ JO^ŒiH© "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕ‰õ Äˆ ~ÛkQÍ LO_®e.

hu : ^è Œ~° ‡O J<Õk JO ŒiH© ã=∂#OQÍ "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕ‰õ Äˆ ~ÛkQÍ LO@∞Ok.

J~å÷ Å∞ : è Œ~° ‡AÅ∞ è Œ~° ‡O ≥ eã≤#"å~° ∞† Ç≤ Ï`«O|∞QÍ "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕ‰õ Äˆ ~ÛkQÍ† q„ÑuÑuÎ Jaè„áêÜ« ∞Éè Ë ŒO

"åºMÏº#O : =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «OÖ’ ^è Œ~° ‡ ã fi~° ∂áêxfl `≥ e¿Ñ ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅ∞ J<ÕHõO L<åfl~Ú. JO^Œ ∞Ö’#∞ ^è Œ~° ‡ ã¨ ∂Hõ ∆ ‡O `≥ e¿Ñ Ñ¨ Œ ºq∞k. D Ñ¨ Œ ºO ta K«„Hõ=iÎ Hõ ä Œ‰õ Ω ãO|OkèOz#k. ^è Œ~° ‡O, Ñ~°=∞^è Œ~° ‡O J<Õ D

Ô ~O_çO\H© q„ÑuÑuÎ Hõ ey#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ è Œ~° ‡x~° ‚Ü« ∞O ZÖÏ KÕÜ« ∂e JO>Ë XHõ è Œ~å‡xH Ç¨ x Hõ eyOKÕ =∞~˘Hõ




^è Œ~° ‡O qâ◊ fi[h#O HÍ^Œ ∞. ta K«„Hõ=iÎ â◊~° Ïi÷ J~Ú# áê=Ù~åxfl HÍáê_ç`Õ _ÕQÆ, •x ‰õ Ω@∞O|O JO`åPHõ e`À Kå==Åã≤ =ã¨ ∞ÎOk. JO^Œ ∞Hõx â◊~° Ïi÷x HÍáê_»_»O ^è Œ~° ‡"Õ ∞ HÍx P ^è Œ~å‡K«~° Ö’ WOH˘HõiH˜

Ç¨ x [~° ∞QÆ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. JO^ŒiH© "Õ ∞Å∞ Hõ eyOKÕ Õ Ñ~°=∞ è Œ~° ‡O Jx _ÕQÆ taK«„Hõ=iÎ À ^è Œ~° ‡ ã¨ ∂H∆ Í‡xfl QÆ ∞iOz K≥Ñ¨ ÙÎOk. taK«„Hõ=iÎ Hõ ä Œ „Ñ¨ã≤ Œ ú "≥ ∞ÿ#^Õ. JÇ≤ ÏO™È Ñ~°=∞^è Œ~° ‡ó, Ñ~ÀÑ¨HÍ~å~° ÷q∞ ŒO â◊s~°O J<Õã¨ ∂‰õ ΩÎÅ`À áê@∞ JO^ŒiH "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕ‰õ Äˆ ~Û Õ Ñ~°=∞ ^è Œ~° ‡=∞<Õ ^è Œ~° ‡ã¨ ∂Hõ ∆ ‡O D Ñ^Œ ºO ^•fi~å `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: Learned men who are well-versed in the rules of righteous living, will not

consider any act as just and good, if it causes the slightest harm or pain to anyone.

What is considered as right and good has to offer justice to all.

q„ÑüÑuÎ ´ Jaè„áêÜ« ∞Éè Ë ŒO

Moral: True justice causes no harm to anyone and is fair and equal to all.

V

132. "Õ ∞_ç ÑO_» ∞ E_» "Õ ∞e"≥ ∞ÿ Ü« ÚO_» ∞#∞ á⁄@ì qzÛ K« ∂_» Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞ Å∞O_» ∞ Ñ≤ iH "åx =∞kx aOHõ g∞ ÖÏQÆ ∞~å, qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : JuÎÑO_» ∞ ÃÑ·# K« ∂¿ãÎ xQÆ xQÆ "≥ ∞~° ∞ã¨ ∂Î =ÙO@∞Ok. ^•x á⁄@ì qÑ≤ Ê K« ∂¿ãÎ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞Å∞HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú. Ñ≤iH˜ "å_» ∞ ÃÑ·H ZO`À aOHõOQÍ HõxÊ™êÎ_» ∞. HÍx "åx QÆ ∞O_≥ Œ_» Œ_» H˘@∞ì‰õ ΩO@∂ =ÙO@∞Ok.J\˜ ì "åix QÆ ∞iÎOz *Ï„QÆ « ÎQÍ =∞ãÅ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : "≥ ∞i¿ã^ŒO`å |OQÍ~°O HÍ^Œ ∞. ÃÑ· "≥ ∞~° ∞QÆ ∞Å∞ K« ∂z "≥ ∂ãáÈ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ¯_» ÃÑ·H aOHÍÅ∞ Ñ¨ eˆ H Ñ≤iH˜"åà◊ ¡#∞ QÆ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. JuÎ ÑÖ_»∞ÃÑ·# K«∂¿ãÎxQÆxQÆÖÏ_» ∞`« ∂, "≥ ∞~° ∞ã¨ ∂Î =ÙO@∞Ok. ^•x á⁄@ì qÑ≤ Ê K« ∂¿ãÎ Jã¨ Ç¨ ÏºOQÍ =ÙO_Õ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞Å∞ HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú.

J^Õ q^è ŒOQÍ ÃÑ·H _»OÉÏÅ∞ Ñ¨ eˆ H HõÑ@ "Õ+¨ è •~° ∞Å∞ Ñ≤iH˜ "åÔ ~· =ÙO\Ï~° ∞. ã=∞Ü« ∞O =zÛ#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞, ã=∞ã¨ ºÅ#∞Z^Œ ∞~À¯ÖËHõ áêiáÈ`å~° ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω, =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «OÖ’ q~å@~åA Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ QÀ=ÙÅ=∞O Œ#∞ |Å=O «OQÍ`ÀÅ∞H˘xáÈ=_®xH =zÛ# H“~°=ÙÅ#∞, Z^Œ ∞~˘¯#QÆÅ#x L « Î~° ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞_» ∞ „Ñü[ KÕ™êÎ_» ∞. |$Ç Ï#flÅ

"Õ+OÖ’ =Ù#fl J~° ∞#∞˜ ‚ ~°^ä Œ™ê~°kèQÍ KÕã¨ ∞H˘x Ü« Ú^Œ ú ~°OQÍxH "≥àÏÎ_» ∞. JHõ ¯_» H“~°= Ãã·<åºxfl K« ∂zÉè íÜ« ∞Ñ_ç, ~° ä ŒO ^Œ ∂H áêiáÈ`å_» ∞. J~° ∞#∞_» ∞ x[ "Õ+O ^è ŒiOz Ü« Ú^Œ úOÖ’ Ô QÅ∞™êÎ_» ∞.

Meaning: The fruit of the fig tree has a beautiful bloom on the outer side. When the

fruit is opened it is full of worms. A coward appears brave outwardly. But in his heart he

may be shivering with fright. One has to deal with them with care.

Moral: All that shines is not gold. Never get carried away by outward glow and

appearances.

V




133. J è Œ ~° =Ú Hõ Œ eÜ« Ú QÆ Œ ÅHõ =∞ è Œ ∞~° =ÚÅQÆ ∞ =∂@Å∞_ç y, =∞ø#„= « ∞_Ò #kèHÍ~° ~ÀQÆ Ñ¨Ói « |kè ~åO è ŒHõâ◊ ==Ú E_» ÉÏÑ¨ =Ú ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : HÍ~åº~° ∞÷Öˇ · ™ê=∂#º „Ñ[Å∞ `«##∞ ^Œi≈OK«_®xH =zÛ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ JkèHÍ~° QÆ~° fiO`À K≥=ÙÅ∞<åfl q#‰õ ΩO_», HõO_» ∞¡<åfl K« ∂_»‰õ ΩO_» =ÙO_Õ JkèHÍix XHõ áêÑ≤QÍ Éè ÏqOKåe. J\˜ ì "å~° ∞ JkèHÍ~° ∞Å∞HÍ‰õ ΩO_® K« ∂_®e.

hu : JkèHÍ~° QÆ~åfiO^è Œ ∞_» ∞ Hõà◊ √§<åfl K« ∂_»ÖË_» ∞. K≥=ÙÅ∞<åfl q#ÖË_» ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : J^è Œ~°=Ú ´ ÃÑ Œq† |kè~åO^è ŒHõ=â◊=Ú ´ K≥=Ù_» ∞, „QÆ ∞_ç ¤ «#=Ú QÆÅ Ñ‘#∞QÆ ∞

"åºMÏº#O : ~å[ºáêÅ#Ö’ JkèHÍ~°∞Å áê„`«#∞ QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚHõ¯_» `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ«∞|_çOk. „Ñ¨[Å#∞~°OlOÑ¨KÕÜ« Ú"å_» ∞ ~åA. ~åA `«# ÉÏ è Œ º`«Å#∞ „HOk JkèHÍ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω XÑ¨ ÊK≥Ñ¨ C`å_» ∞. P JkèHÍ~° ∞Å∞ã¨ ¢`« Ê=~° Î# HõÅ"åÔ ~· Õ, „Ñ*Ïr=#O ã¨ ∞Y=∞Ü« ∞OQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. JkèHÍ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω QÆ~° fiO`À Hõà◊ √¡ =¸ã¨ ∞‰õ ΩáÈ`Õ,„Ñ[Å∞ "ÕkèOÑ¨ ÙÅ‰õ Ω QÆ ∞i J=Ù`å~° ∞. QÆ~åfiO è Œ ∞_≥ ·# JkèHÍi ZÖÏ „Ñ¨=iÎ™êÎ_À ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. „Ñ[Å∞`«=∞ QÀ_» ∞ qxÑ≤OK« ∞HÀ_®xH áÈ`Õ, J`«_» ∞ "åix ã¨iQÍ K« ∂_»_» ∞. qxÑ≤OK« ∞HÀ_» ∞. ÃÑ^Œq qÑ≤ Ê XHõ=∂@ =∂\Ï¡_»_» ∞. Hõà◊ √¡<åfl K« ∂_»ÖËx, K≥=ÙÅ∞<åfl q#ÖËx, K≥ · «#ºO ÖËx â◊=OÖÏQÍ „Ñ=iÎ™êÎ_» ∞. J@∞=O\˜JkèHÍix K« ∂_»_»O áêÑ=∞O@∞<åfl_» ∞ Hõq. J\˜ ì JkèHÍ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω ~å[ºOÖ’™ê÷#O ÖË‰õ ΩO_» KÕÜ« ∞_»O =∞#

Hõ~° Î=ºO.Meaning: Common people approach a powerful official and go to him with their

complaints and requests. If he remains deaf to what they say, and remains silent, he is

full of arrogance and pride. He should be regarded as a sinner. Such people should

never be entrusted with power.

Moral: A man, who is blinded with his power and pride, can neither see nor hear.

V

134. JÑ≤ÊK«∞Û"å_» ∞, "≥ · Œ ∞º_»∞, <≥ Ñ¨ C_» ∞ <≥_» ≥QÆHõ áê~° ∞ <Õ ~° ∞#∞, kfiA_» ∞<£ K˘Ñ¨ Ê_ç # Ü« ¸~° #∞O_» ∞=Ú, K˘Ñ¨ Ê_»‰õ Ω#fl\˜ ì Ü« ¸~° ∞ K˘~°‰õ Ω=Ú ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : J=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ JÑ≤ ÊKÕ Û "åºáêi, "åºkèH zH˜ « û KÕ ¿ã "≥ · Œ ∞º_» ∞, q"åÇ¨ k HÍ~åºÅ∞ [iÑ≤OKÕÑ¨ Ù~ÀÇ≤ Ï`« ∞_» ∞ =Ù#fl\˜ ì „QÍ=∞OÖ’ x"åã¨ "Õ ∞~° Ê~° ∞K« ∞HÀ"åe. P =ã¨ « ∞Å∞ ÖËx KÀ\H áÈ~å^Œ ∞.




hu : J=ã~åxH `«y# =ã¨ « ∞Å∞ ÖËxKÀ@ x=ã≤OK«_»O =∞OzkHÍ Œ ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : kfiA_» ∞ ´ „ÉÏÇ¨ Ï‡∞_» ∞

"åºMÏº#O : x"åãÜ≥ ∂QÆ º"≥ ∞ÿ# „QÍ=∂xfl ZÖÏ ZOK« ∞HÀ"åÖ’ ~ÚHõ ¯_» q=iOK«|_çOk. J=ã~åxH˜

JÑ≤ ÊKÕ Û ãOã¨ ÷ =ÙO_®e. JÑ¨ C_Õ ã¨ fiÖÏÊ^•Ü« ∞O =Ù#fl "å~° ∞ ãiÜ≥ ÿ ∞# Láêkèx U~åÊ@∞ KÕã¨ ∞HÀQÆÅ∞QÆ ∞`å~° ∞.„Ñu z#fl [|∞ƒ‰õ Ω Ñ@ì ÏÅ‰õ Ω "≥à◊ ¡_»O =ºÜ« ∞ „ÑÜ« ∂ãÅ`À ‰õ Ä_ç#Ñx. JO ÕHÍHõ ã=∞Ü« ∞O =º~° ÷=∞ø « ∞Ok.HÍ|\˜ ì "≥ · Œ º ã¨^Œ ∞áêÜ« ∂Å∞ JO^Œ ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ =ÙO_®e. „`åQÆ ∞ h~° ∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_» r=#O QÆ_»=^Œ ∞. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡=∞Ozh\x JOkOKÕ r=#k „Ñ¨Hõ ¯<Õ „Ñ=Ç≤ Ïã¨ ∞ÎO_®e. „Ñu ÉÏÅ∞_» ∞, ÉÏeHõ q^Œ º <Õ~° ∞ÛHÀ"åe. JÑ¨ C_Õ

"å~° ∞ ãOÑ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’ ã=Úz « ™ê÷<åxfl á⁄O ŒQÆÅ~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì áê~î °âßÅ ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_ç =ÙO_®e. Wxfl =ã¨ « ∞Å∞#fl KÀ@<Õ x"åãO U~åÊ@∞ KÕã¨ ∞HÀ"åe. Wq ÖËx KÀ\H áÈ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: People should choose to reside in a town which has a pawnbroker from

whom one can borrow money, a doctor who can treat in case of ill-health, and a priestwho can conduct religious rites. Never stay in a place which does not offer these facilities.

Moral: A place is worth living in only if it offers safeguards for help in dire necessity.

dire = KåÖÏ J=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ#

V

135. LÑHÍiH #∞ÑHÍ~° =Ú qÑ¨ s « =Ú QÍ Œ ∞ ¿ãÜ« ∞ q=iOÑ¨OQÍ #ÑHÍiH #∞ÑHÍ~° =Ú <≥ Ñ¨ "≥ ∞#flHõ KÕÜ« Ú"å_» ∞ <Õ ~° Êi ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : `«#‰õ Ω LÑHÍ~°O KÕã≤# "åiH uiy LÑHÍ~°O KÕÜ« ∞_»O =∂=¸ÖË. `«#‰õ Ω JÑHÍ~°O KÕã≤# "åiH Z@∞=O\ <≥ÑO K« ∂Ñ‰õ ΩO_» LÑHÍ~°O KÕÜ« ∞_»OÖ’<Õ q"ÕHõO =ÙOk. WO Œ ∞=Å¡ JÑHÍ~°O KÕã≤#"å_» ∞ÑâßÛ`åÎÑÑ_ç, h‰õ Ω ^ŒQÆ æ~“`å_» ∞.

hu : â◊„`« ∞`åfixfl „¿Ñ=∞`À [~ÚOKåe.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» Ñ~ÀÑ¨HÍ~°O =Å¡ „ÑÜ≥ ∂[#"Õ ∞q∞\’ `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕÜ« ∞|_çOk. LÑHÍ~°O KÕã≤#"åiH˜LÑHÍ~°O KÕÜ« ∞_»O Hõ $`«[˝ «#∞ Kå@_» "Õ ∞. Jk ™ê=∂#º q+¨Ü« ∞O. JÑHÍ~°O KÕã≤# "åiH LÑHÍ~°OKÕÜ« ∞_»O qâı+O. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ JÑHÍ~°O KÕã≤# "åx Ç¨ Ï$^ŒÜ« ∞O #∞O_ç â◊„`« ∞`åfixfl Œ ∂~°O KÕã≤#@¡=Ù « ∞Ok.

J`«_» ∞ ÑâßÛ`åÎÑÑ_ç q∞„`« ∞_Ò`å_» ∞. q∞„`« ∞`« fiO =Å¡ =∞#óâßOu =ã¨ ∞ÎOk. WO^Œ ∞=Å¡ HõÅ`«Å∞ ÖËxã=∂[O U~° Ê_» ∞`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: There is nothing strange about a person helping in return, his benefactor.

What is unusual is, a person helping a man who has done him harm. It is wise to help a




person who has harmed him earlier so that he may repent. He is sure to draw closer

with no enmity in his heart.

Benefactor = one who does good; Repent = feel sorry for having done something

wrong; Hostility = enmity

Moral: Conquer enmity with love.

V

136. ZÑ¨ Ê\ Ô HÜ« ∞ºk „Ñã¨ ∞Î « =∞Ñ¨ Ê\HÍ =∂@ÖÏ_ç Ü« ∞#∞ºÅ =∞#=ÚÖò <˘Ñ≤ ÊOÑHõ `å <˘=fiHõ « Ñ≤ ÊOK« ∞Hõ u~°∞QÆ ∞"å_≥ èŒ #∞º_» ∞ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : U ã=∞Ü« ∞OÖ’ U =∂@Å∞ K≥áêÊÖ’ P =∂@Å∞ K≥Ñ¨ ÓÎ, `«#‰õ Ω QÍx, ~Ú`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω QÍx, <˘Ñ≤ Ê`«QÆÅ‰õ ΩO_® „Ñ=iÎã¨ ∂Î, ã=∞ã¨ ºÅÖ’ Ñ_»‰õ ΩO_® `«Ñ≤ ÊOK« ∞H˘x uiˆ Q =ºH˜ Î x[OQÍ ^è Œ#∞º_» ∞.

hu : ã¨=∞Ü« ∂#∞‰õ ÄÅOQÍ =∂\Ï¡_»@O JÅ=~° ∞ÛHÀ"åe.

"åºMÏº#O : Ñ¨ Ù„Ô ~H˘Hõ |∞kú, lÇ¨ ÏfiH˘Hõ =∂@ JO\Ï~° ∞ ÃÑ^Œ ÌÅ∞. Ö’HõO aè#fl ~° ∞K« ∞Å∞ QÆÅk. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡

aè#fl =~åæÅ =∞^è Œ º, =º‰õ ΩÎÅ =∞ è Œ º z#fl z#fl Q˘_»=Å∞, [QÆ_®Å∞ „Ñu KÀ@ [~°QÆ_»O =∞#O K« ∂ã¨ ∞Î<åflO.H˘\Ï¡_» ∞H˘<Õ W~° ∞=~åæÅÖ’ Z=iˆ Hk „Ñã¨ ∞Î « "≥ ∂ P =∂@ÖË =∂\Ï¡_ç, "åi =∞#ã¨ ∞û <˘=fi‰õ ΩO_», `å#∞<˘=fi‰õ ΩO_» „Ñ=iÎOKåe. D Ñ¨ Œ úu<Õ Ö∫Hõ ºO Jx ‰õ Ä_® JO\Ï~° ∞.

Meaning: One who is able to speak pleasantly and tactfully at any given time to suit

the situation, and does not cause hurt to himself or others, is always able to avoid

unpleasantness. He is a truly blessed man.

Moral: Practice speaking correctly and tactfully.

V

137. ZÑ¨ C_» ∞ ã¨OÑ¨ Œ QÆ ey# #Ñ¨ C_»∞ |O è Œ ∞=ÙÅ∞ = « ∞Î, ~° k Ü≥ ∞@¡ #fl<£ ≥ Ñ¨ ÊÅ∞QÆ K≥ ~° ∞=Ù xO_ç #

QÆ Ñ¨ ÊÅ∞ Ñ¨ k"Õ Å∞ KÕ ~° ∞ QÆ Œ ~å ã¨∞=∞f.



100 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Éè Ï=O : K≥~° ∞=Ù hà◊ ¡ À xO_ç#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ HõÑ¨ ÊÅ QÆ ∞OÑ¨ ÙÅ∞ Ñ~° ∞Ô Q`« ∞ÎH˘x=zÛ JO Œ ∞Ö’ KÕiáÈ`å~Ú. J^Õq^è ŒOQÍ, h ~ÚO\’¡ ãOÑ¨ Œ KÕi# q+Ü« ∞O ≥ eã≤# "≥O@<Õ, |O è Œ ∞=ÙÅ∞ h ~ÚO\˜H K≥Ñ¨ Ê‰õ ΩO_» =™êÎ~° ∞HÍ|\˜ ì x["≥ ∞ÿ# |O è Œ ∞=ÙÖ=~À QÆ ∞iÎOz "åix PÇ¨ fixOKåe.

hu : ãOÑ#∞flÅ‰õ Ω JO^Œ~° ∞ K« ∞\ÏìÖË.

"åºMÏº#O : D<å_» ∞ Ö’HõOÖ’ „¿Ñ=∂#∞|O è •ÅHõO>Ë, ^è Œ<å#∞|O^è •Å∞ ÃÑ· KÕ~ÚQÍ =Ù<åflÜ« ∞x ~ÚHõ ¯_»K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ZO`« ^ŒQÆ æi"å_≥ ·<å ^è Œ#O ÖËx "åx ~ÚO\˜H K« ∞\ÏìÅ∞ "≥à◊ ¡~° ∞. ^è Œ#O ‰õ Ä_çO^Œx `≥ eã≤#

"≥O@<Õ K≥Ñ¨ Ê‰õ ΩO_» J`«x ~ÚO\H "≥o¡ |O^è Œ ∞`« fiO HõÅ∞Ñ¨ ÙH˘O\Ï~° ∞. Jk Ö’Hõ<≥ ·[O. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω XHõK≥~° ∞=Ù ZO_çáÈ~Ú =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ XHõ ¯ HõÑ¨ Ê ‰õ Ä_» JHõ ¯_çH KÕ~° Œ ∞. K≥~° ∞=Ù hà◊ ¡ À xO_çO^Œx `≥ eÜ« ∞QÍ<Õ,HõÑ¨ ÊÅ∞ ‰õ ΩÑ¨ ÊÅ∞QÍ =zÛ KÕ~° ∞`å~Ú. ãOÑ¨ Œ K« ∂z =KÕ Û K« ∞\ÏìÅ∞ ‰õ Ä_» HõÑ¨ ÊÅ=O\ "åˆ ~.

Meaning:Frogs crowd in large numbers to a full lake. Similarly, when it is known that

someone has acquired wealth, relatives rush to his house even without invitation. Henceone should identify relatives who are true well wishers and those who are not.

Moral: Everyone claims to be connected to a wealthy man.

V

138. Hõ#Hõ Ñ¨ Ù ã≤OÇ¨ ã¨ #=Ú#â◊ √#Hõ =Ú QÆ ∂~° ∞ÛO_» Éˇ \˜ ì â◊ √Éè í ÅQÆ fl=Ú#O ^˘#~°QÆ |@ì =Ú QÆ \˜ ì # "≥ #∞Hõ \ QÆ ∞"Õ ∞Å =∂#∞, q#∞~å ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : XHõ ‰õ ΩHõ ¯#∞ |OQÍ~° ∞ ã≤OÇ¨ ã#O g∞^Œ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO_»É\ ˜ ì, Ñ\Ïìaè ¿+HõO [iÑ≤, ~å*ÏºkèHÍ~°OJÑ¨ Êy¿ãÎ, P ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ `«# "≥#Hõ\ QÆ ∞ÏÅ#∞ =∂#∞H˘O@∞O^•? HÍ|\˜ ì, J#~° ∞›˜ ‚ JkèHÍ~° Ñ‘~î °OÃÑ·‰õÄ~ÀÛÉ@ì‰õÄ_»^Œ∞.

hu : J#~° ∞›xH JkèHÍ~°q∞=fi‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : X#~°QÆ ´ «y# suQÍ

"åºMÏº#O : J#~° ∞›_çH JkèHÍ~°O W¿ãÎ U=∞ø « ∞O^À ~ÚO^Œ ∞Ö’ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ =∂OãO ~° ∞z =∞iy,K«~° ‡O`À KÕã≤# K≥Ñ¨ C#∞ QÆ ∂_» =^Œ eÃÑ@ì‰õ ΩO_» uO@∞Ok. J@∞=O\ ‰õ ΩHõ ¯#∞ |OQÍ~° ∞ ã≤OÇ¨ ã#O g∞ Œ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO_»É\˜ ì Õ, JHõ ¯_» •xH k‰õ Ω¯`ÀK« Œ ∞. Jk „HOkH˜ ^Œ ∂H JHõ ¯_» =Ù#fl ã¨O^Œ~° ≈‰õ ΩÅ K≥Ñ¨ Cefl H˘iH˜

u#_®xH „ÑÜ« ∞uflã¨ ∞ÎOk. J^Õ q^è ŒOQÍ ã¨ ¢`« Ê=~° Î# ÖËx, JÅ∞ÊxH˜ JkèHÍ~°Ñ¨ Œq ~ÚzÛ, JO^ŒÅOZH˜ ¯¿ãÎ, J`«_» ∞ #_»=∞O„`«Ñ¨ Ù JkèHÍ~°O`À J„Hõ=∂~° #‰õ Ω áêÅÊ_» å_» ∞. JO>Ë `«# ^Œ ∞¢+¨Ê=~° Î# "≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù "≥ ÚQÆ ∞æ K« ∂Ñ¨ Ù`å_» ∞.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 101

Meaning: If a dog is crowned, made to sit on the throne and given the power to rule,

can it forget its earlier habits natural to a dog? Thus a person, who does not deserve the

honour, should never be placed in a position of power.

Moral: An undeserving person should never be given power.

V

139. ‰õ ΩÅHÍO « `À_» <≥ Ñ¨ C_» ∞Hõ ÅÇ≤ ÏOÑ‰õ Ω, =\ ˜ ì « Ñ¨ C Ñ¶ ¨ ∞\˜ ~ÚOÑ‰õ Ωg∞HõÅHõOiîHõO@Hõhfl ~˘eH˜ # ã≤ i ~ÚO@ #∞O_» <˘Å¡ Œ ∞ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : ^è Œ~° ‡|^Œ úOQÍ q"åÇ¨ Ï=∂_ç# ~ÚÖÏ¡Å∞`À ZÑ¨ C_» ∂ HõÅÇ¨ ÏO ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. ÖËxáÈx `«Ñ¨ Cefl P"≥ ∞ g∞^Œ ~° ∞^Œ Ì‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. ¢ã‘ Î HõO@ h~° ∞ ÃÑ@ì‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. Jk [iy`Õ P ~ÚO\’¡ ÅH˜ ∆ ‡ xÅ∞=^Œ ∞.

hu : ¢ã‘ Îx ÉÏ^è Œ ÃÑ\˜ ì# KÀ@ ãOÑ¨ Œ xÅ=^Œ ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : HõÅHõOiî ´ ¢ã‘ Î

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» Éè Ï~åºÉè í~° ÎÅ ã¨O|O^è •xfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Éè Ï~°fÜ« ∞ ã¨O„Ñ¨ •Ü« ∞OÖ’ q"åÇ¨ ÏO

ˆ H=ÅO W Œ Ìi =∞#∞+¨ µÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ HÍ Œ ∞. Ô ~O_» ∞ =∞#ã¨ ∞ûÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ. Ô ~O_» ∞ P`« ‡Å HõÅ~ÚHõ. D |O è ŒOKåÅ Ñq„ « "≥ ∞ÿ#k. è Œ~° ‡|^Œ úOQÍ Hõ@∞ìH˘#fl è Œ~° ‡Ñufl P~° ∞ è Œ~å‡Å#∞ <≥~° "Õ~° ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍ~åºK«~° Ö’ •ã≤QÍ,=º=Ç¨ ~åÅÖ’ =∞O„uQÍ, Éè ’[#O =_ç ¤OKÕ@Ñ¨ C_» ∞ `« e¡QÍ, ~° ∂ÑOÖ’ ÅH˜ ∆ ‡QÍ, â◊Ü« ∞#OÖ’ ~°OÉè íQÍ,F~° ∞ÊÖ’ Éè í ∂^ÕqQÍ P"≥ ∞ Éè í~° Î rq`åxfl ÑOK« ∞H˘O@∞Ok. J@∞=O\ ‰õ ΩÅHÍO`« À HõÅÇ≤ ÏOK«‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.P"≥∞ÃÑ· =\˜ì xO^ŒÅ∞ "≥∂Ñ‰õ Ä_»^Œ∞. P"≥∞ HõO@ `«_çÃÑ_ç Õ, ÅH˜ ∆ ‡ ~ÚO\ #∞Oz "≥_»eáÈ`« ∞O^Œx

ÃÑ^Œ ÌÅO\Ï~° ∞.

Meaning: One should never quarrel with one’s lawfully wedded wife. She should

never be blamed with false accusations. The woman should never have occasion to

shed tears. If that happens, that home can never be prosperous.

Moral: Where a woman is unhappy there is no prosperity.

V



102 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

140. ‰õ Äiq∞ QÆ Å k#=ÚÅÖ’ <Õ ~° =Ú Ö #fl_» ∞#∞ Hõ Å∞QÆ <Õ ~° =Ù =∞i Ü« ∂‰õ Äiq∞ q~°ãOÉˇ · ##∞ <Õ ~° =ÚÖË `ÀK« ∞K« ∞O_» ∞ xHõ ¯=Ú ã ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : W^Œ Ì~° ∞ ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏÉè Ï=O À =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞, XHõi «Ñ¨ CÅ∞ =∞~˘HõiH HõxÊOK«=Ù. P ¿ãflÇ ÏO q~°ã¨ "≥ ∞ÿ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞,XHõi g∞ Œ =∞~˘HõiH `«Ñ¨ CÖË HõxÊã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~Ú. Wk Ö’HÍ#∞Éè í=O`À Õ e# ã¨`« ºO. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡ JO^Œ~° ∞

¿ãflÇ¨ ÏÉè Ï=O`À =ÙO_®e. â◊„`« ∞`åfixH `ågÜ« ∞QÆ ∂_» Œ ∞.

hu : U\ xO_» hà◊ √¡#flÑ¨ Ù_» ∞, J_» ∞QÆ ∞# =Ù#fl QÆ ∞O@Å∞, ~åà◊ √¡ Ug∞ HõxÑ≤OK«=Ù. U~° ∞ ZO_çáÈ`Õ,JO^Œ ∞Ö’ QÆ ∞O@Å∞, ~åàı ¡ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO Ü≥ ∞O`« qÅ∞"≥ ·#^À K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ã¨ $+≤ ìÖ’ fÜ« ∞xk ¿ãflÇ¨ Ï"Õ ∞<ÀÜü ∞ J<åfl_˘HõHõq. „Ñu "åiH ¿ãflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞Å∞O\Ï~° ∞. x["≥ ∞ÿ# ¿ãflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞Å =∞^è Œ º Jáê~å÷Å∞O_»=Ù. XHõi g∞^Œ, XHõiH˜`«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ Hõ#Ñ_»=Ù. P ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO q~°ã¨ "≥ ∞ÿ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞, ¿ãflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞Å∞ XHõiH˘Hõ~° ∞ T~° ˆ H Jáê~° ÷O KÕã¨ ∞‰õ ΩO\Ï~° ∞.XHõi g∞ Œ, XHõiH «Ñ¨ CÖË HõxÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~Ú. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω, XHõ #k =~° ŒÖ’ xO_» ∞QÍ „Ñ=Ç≤ Ïã¨ ∞Î#flÑ¨ Ù_» ∞ã=∞`«ÅOQÍ K«Hõ ¯QÍ ™êyáÈÜÕ ∞ „Ñ¨ "åÇ¨ ÏO HõxÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk. #k J_» ∞QÆ ∞# =Ù#fl~åà◊ √¡, ~°Ñ¨ ÊÅ∞, QÆ ∞O@Å∞HõxÊOK«=Ù. P „Ñ¨ "åÇ¨ ÏO PyáÈ~Ú, hà◊ √¡ ÖË#Ñ¨ C_» ∞, #kÖ’x ~åà◊ √¡ ~°Ñ¨ ÊÅ∞, QÆ ∞O@Å∞ =∂„`« "Õ ∞ HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú.

Meaning: In friendship, both the friends are not aware of each other’s shortcomings.

When their friendship breaks up, they become aware of only each other’s flaws. This isa universal truth. Thus there should be no place for hostility and all should learn to live

as friends.

hostility = enmity, ÑQÆ, q~À è ŒO

Moral: When the stream has plenty of water, no stones or ditches are visible. When

the stream dries up, only the rocks and pits are visible.

V

141. « #"å~° ∞ ÖË x KÀ@∞#∞ [#qOK« ∞Hõ ÖË xKÀ@, [QÆ_» =Ú KÀ@<£J#∞=∂#"≥∞ÿ# KÀ@∞#∞ =∞#∞A#Hõ @ xÅ∞= ŒQÆ Œ ∞ =∞Ç≤ ÏÖ’ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : ZHõ ¯_» `«#"å~°#∞H˘#fl "å~° ∞O_»~À, ZHõ ¯_» `«#‰õ Ω K«#∞=Ù ÅaèOK« À, ZHõ ¯_» [QÆ_®Å∞ x`« ºO[~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O\ÏÜ≥∂, ZHõ¯_» „Ñ¨u"å~°∞ `«##∞ J#∞=∂x™êÎ~À JHõ¯_» |∞kú=∞O`«∞_≥·# "å_≥=fi_»∞#∞x=ã≤OÑ¨‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. Wk J#∞Éèí=O =Å¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#fl q+¨Ü«∞O. J\˜ì KÀ@ x=ã≤OKÕ"åxH˜ âßOuÉè í„^Œ «Å∞O_»=Ù.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 103

hu : Éè í„^Œ « ÖËx KÀ@ LO_»~å^Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : =∞x+≤ =ÙO_» ŒQÆx KÀ@¡#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ ~ÚK« Û@ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ZO « Hõ eq∞ =Ù<åfl, J=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞JO_» ŒO_»Å∞ JOkOKÕ Ç≤ Ï`« ∞Å∞, ãxflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞Å∞ ÖËx KÀ@ x=ã≤OK«‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. ZO`« ÑÅ∞‰õ Ω|_ç =Ù<åfl, «#=ºH˜ ÎQÆ « ã=∞ã¨ ºÅ#∞ K«iÛOK« ∞H˘<Õ K«#∞=Ù, ™êfi`«O„ « ºO ÖËx KÀ@∞ x"åã¨Ü≥ ∂QÆ ºO HÍ^Œ ∞. HÍ~° =Ú<åfl,

ÖË‰õ Ω<åfl XHõi`À XHõ~° ∞ [QÆ_®Å∞ ÃÑ@∞ìH˘<Õ «QÆ ∞=ÙÅ =∂i [#O =Ù#fl KÀ@ x"åãO U~° Ê~° ∞K« ∞HÀ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.`«##∞ T~°Hõ J#∞=∂xOKÕ x`« ºâ◊OH˜ « ∞Å∞#fl KÀ@ =ÙO_»QÆ ∂_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: A wise man will never live in a place where he has no close friends or

relatives, where he is unable to interact freely, where there is unrest and disturbance

often and where people do not trust him. This is a fact. When one continues to live in

such a place, he cannot have safety or security.

Moral: Never stay at an unsafe, friendless place.

V

142. Ñ¨ Ù„`À`åûÇ¨ Ï=Ú «O„_çH˜ Ñ¨ Ù„ « ∞_» ∞ [x‡Oz#Ñ¨ Ù_≥ Ñ¨ Ù@ì Œ ∞, [#∞ÖÏ Ñ¨ Ù„ « ∞x QÆ #∞Q˘x á⁄QÆ_»QÆ

|∞„`À`åûÇ¨ ÏO|∞ <å_» ∞ á⁄O Œ ∞~° ã¨ ∞=∞f. Éè Ï=O : Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞_» ∞ [x‡Oz#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ HÍ^Œ ∞. P Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞x K« ∂z JO^Œ~° ∞ "≥ ∞K« ∞ÛH˘#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ `«O„_çH P#O^ŒOHõÅ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok. „Ñu Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞_» ∞, `«O„_çH J\˜ ì P#O^•xfl Hõ eæOKåe. JÑ¨ C_Õ J`«x [#‡ ™ê~° ÷Hõ=∞ø`« ∞Ok.

hu : H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω „Ñ¨Ü≥ ∂[‰õ Ω_≥ · `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å‰õ Ω P#O^ŒO Hõ eyOKåe.

"åºMÏº#O : Ñ¨Ù„`«∞x =Å¡ Hõ#fl"åiH˜ HõeˆQ P#O^•xfl QÆ∂iÛ ~ÚK«Û@ K≥Ñ¨Ê|_çOk. Ñ¨Ù„`«∞_»O>Ë

Ñ~°Ö’HõQÆ « ∞_≥ ·# «O„_çx Ñ¨ Ù<åfl=∞ #~°HõO #∞Oz ~°H˜ ∆ OKÕ "å_»x J~° ÷O. Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞xH =∞~˘Hõ ¿Ñ~° ∞ #O^Œ#∞_» ∞.JO>Ë P#O ŒO Hõ eyOKÕ "å_»x J~° ÷O. J\˜ ì Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞_» ∞ [x‡OK«_»O `«O„_çH P#O^Œ •Ü« ∞HõO. J~Ú`ÕÑ¨ Ù„`« ∞_» ∞ [x‡Oz#Ñ¨ C_Õ `«O„_ç ãO`Àëêxfl „Ñ¨ Œi≈OK«_» ∞. P Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞_» ∞ ÃÑiy ÃÑ^Œ Ì "å_≥ · q^•º|∞ Œ ∞ú efl <Õ~° ∞ÛH˘x, ã¨ å¯~åºÅ#∞ PK«iã¨ ∞ÎO>Ë Jk K« ∂z „Ñ[Å∞ „Ñâ◊Oã≤ã¨ ∞ÎO>Ë, JÑ¨ C_» ∞ `«O„_ç =∞Ç¨ Ï^•#O^•xfl á⁄O Œ ∞`å_» ∞.

Meaning: A father should be proud and happy, not just when a son is born. He should

be so when everyone showers praise on his son. It is the duty of every son to make his

father proud of him. Only then can he be called a true son who has fulfilled his duty.

Moral: A son should grow up to be a worthy son of whom the parents are proud of.

V



104 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

143. ã≤ iQÆ Å"åx Ô HÜ« ∞º_» Å *Ëã≤ # "Õ ∞Åk x+ Êù ÅO|QÆ ∞<£ <≥ iQÆ ∞i QÍ Œ ∞, ¿Ñ Œ Å‰õ Ω <Õ~° ∞Ê# *Ëã≤ # ã¨ « Êù ÅO|QÆ ∞<£ =~° Ñ¨ Ù# =zÛ "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ Ú_˘Hõ =~° ¬=Ú "å_ç # KÕ Å g∞ Œ @OQÆ ∞iã≤ # QÍHõ, Ü« ∞O|∞ è Œ ∞Å QÆ ∞~° fiQÆ <Õ q∞ Ñ¶ ¨ ÅO|∞, Éè Ïã¨ ¯~å!

Éè Ï=O : ^è Œ#O QÆÅ "å_çH h=Ù KÕ ¿ã "Õ ∞Å∞ =Å¡ „Ñ¨Ü≥ ∂[#O =ÙO_» Œ ∞. P "Õ ∞Å∞ h=Ù KÕÜ« ∞HõáÈ~Ú<å,J`«_» ∞ H∆ =∞OQÍ =ÙO\Ï_» ∞. ™êÜ« ∞O HÀãO Z Œ ∞~° ∞K« ∂KÕ ¿Ñ Œ "åxH h=Ù "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕ ¿ãÎ J`«_» ∞ ã¨ ∞YÑ_» å_» ∞.

"Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ Ú_» ∞ ã=Ú„ ŒOÖ’ =i¬¿ãÎ Hõ eˆ Q „ÑÜ≥ ∂[#"Õ ∞q∞\˜? J Õ "å_ç# KÕÅ g∞ Œ =i¬¿ãÎ ÑO@Å∞ ÑO_» ∞`å~Ú.„Ñ[Å‰õ Ω "Õ ∞Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok. Wk QÆ ∞~° ∞ÎOK« ∞H˘x, h=Ù J=ã~°=Ú#fl "åxˆ H "Õ ∞Å∞ KÕÜ« ∂e.

hu : ã¨ Ç¨ Ü« ∞O J=ã~°=Ú#fl "åiˆ H KÕÜ« ∂e.

J~å÷ Å∞ : JO|∞kè ´ ã=Ú„ ŒO† <≥iQÆ ∞iQÍ^Œ ∞ ´ ã Ô ~·# ÅHõ ∆ ºO HÍ^Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : ™ê è •~° OQÍ Ö’‰õ ΩÅ∞ ^è Œ#=O`« ∞Öˇ ·#"åiˆ H HÍ#∞HõÅ∞ Wã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~° ∞. ã<å‡<åÅ∞ KÕã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~° ∞.JO^Œ ∞=Å¡ "å~° ∞ è Œ#=O « ∞Å#∞ "≥ ∞Ñ≤ ÊOz "åi #∞O_ç uiy ™êÜ« ∞O U^À ~° ∂ÑOÖ’ ~å|@∞ìH˘#=K« ∞Û#xPÖ’zã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~° ∞. HÍx ^è Œ#=O`« ∞xH P HÍ#∞HõÅ∞, ã<å‡<åÅ =Å¡ [iˆ Q „ÑÜ≥ ∂[#"Õ ∞q∞ =ÙO_» Œ ∞.

"å\x ^è Œ#Ç‘ Ï#∞xH˜ ¿ãÎ J`«x rq`«O ã¨ ∞YOQÍ QÆ_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. J «_» ∞ Hõ $`«[˝ « K« ∂Ñ≤™êÎ_» ∞. Ñ~ÀÑ¨HÍ~°OKÕã≤# Ñ¶ ÅO ^•`«Å‰õ Ω ^Œ‰õ Ω¯`« ∞Ok. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω, "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞O ã=Ú„^ŒO g∞ Œ =i¬¿ãÎ ã=Ú„^•xH˜ Hõ eˆ Q„ÑÜ≥ ∂[#"Õ ∞q∞ =ÙO_»^Œ ∞. J^Õ "å_ç# KÕÅ g∞ Œ =~° ¬O ‰õ Ωi¿ãÎ, ÃÑ·~° ∞ ÃÑiy Ñ¨O@Å#Okã¨ ∞ÎOk. ^Õâ◊O

ã¨ ∞aèHõ ∆ OQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ ì, =∞#O Z=iH˜ J=ã~°O =ÙO@∞O^À "åiˆ H ™êÜ« ∞O KÕÜ« ∂e. JÑ¨ C_Õ P™êÜ« ∞O ãÑ¶ Å=∞ø`« ∞Ok.

Meaning:There is not much use in helping a wealthy man. Even if that help is not given

he can take care of himself. If help is given to a poor man, he is happy as he accepts it

with gratitude. What is the use of rain when the cloud rains on the ocean? If the same

rain falls on dry land, crops will grow and it will help the farmers. Keeping this in mind,

one should offer help to one who really needs it.

Moral: Help only the needy.

V

144. ã¨ ∞QÆ ∞=O « ∞~åÅ∞, ã¨ ∞ Œ uÜ≥ ÿ∞Ü« ÚO_ç # |∞kú =∞O « ∞Öˇ · # Ñ¨ Ù„ «∞ÖÁÑ¨Ê,

ã¨ fi~° æ "Õ ∞\HõÜ« ∞º ãO™êiHOHõ #∞! qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 105

Éè Ï=O : =∞Oz QÆ ∞ÏÅ∞ QÆÅ Éè Ï~° º, |∞kú=∞O`« ∞Öˇ ·# Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞Å∞O>Ë, ãO™êiH˜ J^Õ ã¨ fi~° æO. „Ñu =∂#=Ù_» ∞J\˜ ì ã¨ fi~åæxfl HÀ~° ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : ã¨ ∞Y ãO™ê~° "Õ ∞ ã¨ fi~° æO.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» QÆ $Ç¨ Ï™ê÷„â◊=∂xfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. =∞x+≤ rq «OÖ’ =¸_» ∞ „Ñ¨ è •#"≥ ∞ÿ# Ñ¶ ¨ ∞\ÏìÅ∞#flq. "≥Ú^Œ\˜k „|Ç¨Ï‡K«~åº„â◊=∞O. JO^Œ∞Ö’ „|Ç¨Ï‡KåiQÍ =ÙO_ç q^•º|∞^Œ∞úÅ∞ <Õ~°∞ÛHÀ"åe. Ô~O_»=kQÆ $Ç¨ Ï™ê÷„â◊=∞O. JO Œ ∞Ö’ q"åÇ¨ ÏO KÕã¨ ∞H˘x ãO™ê~°O KÕã≤ ãO`å<åxfl Hõx, ÃÑOz "åix =∞Ozáœ~° ∞Å∞QÍ fiÛk^•Ì e. ã Ç¨ ÏQÆ $Ç¨ Ïã¨ ∞÷Å`À Hõ eã≤ ã¨=∂[O Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ ãÖˆ H∆ =∂xH, ã ∞Y ãÖ`ÀëêÅ‰õ Ω Hõ $+≤KÕÜ« ∂e. =¸_»=k "å#„Ñ™ê÷„â◊=∞O. WO Œ ∞Ö’ q„âßO`« rq`åxfl „ÑâßO`«OQÍ QÆ_»áêe. «H˜ ¯# „Ñ[Å‰õ ΩJ=ã¨~åxfl |\˜ ì ^è Œ~° ‡É’^è Œ# KÕÜ« ∂e. D =¸_» ∞ P„â◊=∂Ö’¡ „âı+¨ ª "≥ ∞ÿ#k QÆ $Ç¨ Ï™ê÷„â◊=∞O. D P„â◊=∞OÖ’P#O^ŒO ‰õ Äˆ ~Û"åà◊ √¡, ã¨ ∞QÆ ∞=uÜ≥ ÿ ∞# WÖÏ¡Å∞, |∞kú=∞O`« ∞Öˇ ·# Ñ≤Å¡Å∞. "å~° ∞#fl ãO™ê~°O ã¨ fi~° æO`À

ã=∂#O. P ã¨ fi~åæ<Õ fl JO^Œ~° ∞ HÀ~° ∞HÀ"åe.Meaning: If a man has a virtuous wife and good sons, he has truly found heaven.

Every man has to wish for such a heaven.

Moral: True heaven is found in a happy family.

V

145. Ñ¨ Ùº=∞O «QÆ ∂_ç, Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_≥ · [x‡OÑ¨ áêÑ¨ =∞O «QÆ ∂_ç Ñ_» u Ü« ∞QÆ ∞<≥? ¢ã‘ Î Å∞ Ñ¨Ù~° ∞+¨ µÅ#∞K« ∞ UÅ~¸ Éè Ë Œ =Ú‡? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : ã¨ $+≤ ìÖ’ Ñ¨ Ùº=∞O`« Hõ eã≤ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_» ∞QÍ [x‡OÑÖË Œ ∞. áêÑ=∞O`å Hõ eã≤ ¢ã‘ ÎQÍ [x‡OÑÖË Œ ∞.[#‡Ö’ W^Œ Ì~° ∞ Xˆ H suQÍ [x‡OKå~° ∞. J~Ú#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ¢ã‘ Î Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µÅ =∞^è Œ º Éè Ë •Å∞ áê\OK« ∞@ ^è Œ~° ‡OHÍ Œ ∞.

hu : ¢ã‘ Î Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µÅÖ’ ~°Hõ Î =∂O™êÖÁHõ ¯>Ë, P`« ‡ XHõ ¯>Ë.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ¢ã‘ Î Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+ q=Hõ ∆ #∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Ñ¨ Ó~° fi HÍÅO #∞O_ç =∂#= ã=∂[OÑ¨ Ù~° ∞ëêkèHõ ºO`À ‰õ Ä_çÜ« Ú#flk. KåÅ ã=∂*ÏÅÖ’ ¢ã‘ Îx =O\O\˜ ‰õ ΩO^ÕÅ∞QÍ, a_» ¤ efl Hõ<Õ Ü« ∞O„`«OQÍK« ∂_»_»O [iyOk. P Ñïã≤ ÷u ~ÚÑ¨ C_» ∞ =∂iOk. ¢ã‘ ÎÅ∞ L#fl « q^Œ ºefl JÉè í ºã≤Oz Jxfl ~°OQÍÅÖ’=ÚO^ŒO[ "Õã≤, Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µx HõO>Ë `å=Ú `«‰õ Ω¯= HÍ^Œx x~° ∂Ñ≤ã¨ ∞Î<åfl~° ∞. nxx =∞#O ™êfiQÆuOKåe.

Meaning: No man is born because of merit, or a woman, of sin. Then why should

there be any discrimination between them when they both have been born of the same

creation?



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 107

=∞~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞#fl h~° ∞ PqiQÍ =∂i y<≥ fl =¸`«#∞ ÃÑ·H Ü≥ ∞`« Î_»O K« ∂z# âßGA_» ∞, Pqi Ü« ∞O„`åxfl ~° ∂á⁄OkOz, Ô ~·Å∞|O_çx #_çÑ≤OKå_» ∞.

Meaning: Science and knowledge have progressed only because the questions ‘what’

and ‘why’ have often been asked. There can be no progress without curiosity and

questioning. So all should learn to ask questions.

Moral: Only questioning helps man to progress.

V

148. =∞O_» ∞>O_» Ö’# =∂_» ∞K« ∞<åfl=x x#∞fl "≥ Œ‰õ Ω H˘#∞K« ∞ h_» ~å Œ ∞† K≥ @∞ì Œ iH h"≥ KÕ ~° ∞HÀ =ÅÜ« Ú#∞ =∞Ç≤ Ï « q#Ü« ∞jÅ! =∞Öˇ ¡ =∂Å!!

Éè Ï=O : h=Ù ZO_»Ö’ =Ù<åfl=x K≥@∞ì h_» x#∞fl "≥ Œ ∞‰õ Ω¯O@∂ h ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω ~å^Œ ∞. h"Õ K≥@∞ì ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω "≥àÏ¡ e. h‰õ Ω ™êÜ« ∞O J=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ™êÜ« ∞O KÕ ¿ã"åix h"Õ P„â◊~ÚOKåe.

hu : ™êÜ« ∞O x#∞fl "≥ Œ ∞H˘¯O@∂ ~å^Œ ∞. ^ÕxÔ H·<å „ÑÜ« ∞`« flO J=ã~°O.

"åºMÏº#O : J_»QÆ‰õ ΩO_» J"≥ ∞ÿ ‡<å ÃÑ@ì Œx ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. „Ñu"åiH˜ HõëêìÅ∞ =™êÎ~Ú. JO^Œ ∞Ö’#∞Oz Éˇ ·@Ñ_»_®xH, W`«~° ∞Å ™êÜ« ∞O J=ã~°O J=Ù « ∞Ok. JO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω h=Ù, W`«~° ∞Å#∞ P„â◊~ÚOK«=Åã≤=ã¨ ∞ÎOk. P„â◊~ÚOK«‰õ ΩO>Ë, ™êÜ« ∞O x#∞fl "≥ Œ ∞‰õ Ω H˘O@∂ ~å^Œ ∞. L^•Ç Ï~° ‰õ Ω, ZO_»Ö’ =Ù#fl"å_çH˜h_» J=ã~°O. h_» HÀãO J «_» ∞ K≥@∞ì ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω "≥à◊ ¡=Åã≤O^Õ HÍx, K≥@∞ì J`«x ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω ~å^Œ ∞.

Meaning: No shade will come to you and protect you. You will have to go searching

for shade if you want to protect yourself from the scorching sun. If you need help you

have to seek it with your own effort.

Moral: Help does not come to your aid when you need it. You have to find the sources

of help yourself.

V

149. =∞\ì Ñ≤ã¨ ∞‰õ Ω H˘#∞@ =∞~åº Œ QÍ Œ #∞

=∞x+≤ ˆ Hq∞ ≥ Å∞ã¨ ∞ =∞\˜ ì qÅ∞=, =∞x+≤ JÅÊrq, =∞\˜ ì z~°Orq =∞Ç≤ Ï « q#Ü« ∞jÅ! =∞Öˇ ¡ =∂Å!!



108 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Éè Ï=O : =∞\˜ ì Ñ≤ã¨ ∞‰õ Ω H˘x „|kˆ H =º=™êÜ« ∞ ^•~° ∞Å =O\ "åix K« ∞ÅHõ#QÍ K« ∂¿ã"åiH =∞\˜ ì qÅ∞=`≥ eÜ« ∞^Œ ∞. =∞\˜ ì z~°Orq. JO>Ë Kå=ÙÖËxk. =∞x+≤ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì, K«ã¨ ∂Î =ÙO\Ï_» ∞. D Éè Ë •xfl ≥ eã≤H˘x,=∞x+≤, =∞\˜ ìx Q“~°qOKåe.

hu : =∞\˜ ì x#∞fl ã¨ $+≤ ìã¨ ∞ÎOk. =∞\˜ ìx h=Ù ã¨ $+≤ ìOK«ÖË=Ù. JO^Œ ∞ˆ H =∞\˜ ìx Q“~°qOK« ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» =∞\˜ ì qÅ∞=#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. =∞\˜ ì ^≥ ·=ã¨ $+≤ ì. <åâ◊#O ÖËxk. =∞\˜ ì #∞O_çZ<Àfl =ã¨ ∞Î=ÙÅ#∞ ã¨ $+≤ ìOK«QÆÅO. HÍx =∞\˜ ìx ã¨ $+≤ ìOK«ÖË=Ú. =∞\˜ ìÖ’ ÑxKÕ ¿ã Ô ~· « ∞, =∞\˜ ì #∞O_ç ÑO@efl ÑO_çOz, =∞#‰õ Ω PÇ¨ ~åxfl ~Úã¨ ∞Î<åfl_» ∞. P =∞\˜ ì =∞x+≤H =∞#O `«y# =∞~åº Œ ~Ú"åfie.

Meaning: Anyone who feels that the work of a farmer, who works with clay, is

demeaning work, does not know the value of mud and clay. Man has a very short span

of life. The earth remains forever. It is deathless. Realizing this truth, a human being must

have immense respect for mother earth.

Demeaning=low

Moral: The earth gives birth to man. Man cannot create earth so he has to learn to

treat it with respect.

V

150. K≥ =∞@ HõOÑ¨ ÙQ˘@∞ì ÃãO@∞ "åã¨ # Q˘@∞ìJO « =∂„ « =Ú#<≥ JkèHõ =∞ø<≥ã≤ ~° ∞Å∞ QÆ ∂iÛÃÑ@∞ì K≥ =∞@Hõ #fl#∞ ÃãO@∞? =∞Ç≤ Ï « q#Ü« ∞jÅ! =∞Öˇ ¡ =∂Å!!

Éè Ï=O : K≥=∞@ HõOÑ¨ ÙQ˘_» ∞ÎOk. HÍx •xx <ÕÅ g∞ Œ zOkOz#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ <ÕÅ ãã¨ ºâßº=∞Å"≥ ∞ÿ r=<å è •~° "≥ ∞ÿ#ÑO@#Okã¨ ∞ÎOk. ÃãO@∞ =∞Oz ã¨ ∞"åã##∞ JÑ¨ Ê\HõÑ¨ C_Õ ~Úã¨ ∞ÎOk. ™œYºO Wã¨ ∞ÎOk. =∞x+≤ `«#rq «OÖ’ D Ô ~O_çO\Ö’ ÕxH Z‰õ Ω¯= qÅ∞= ~Ú"åfiÖ’ `«# q"ÕHõO`À `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : Hõ+¨ ì rqH Q“~°=O Z‰õ Ω¯=.

"åºMÏº#O : K≥=∞@ ^Œ ∞~° æO^è •xflã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍx Jk Hõ $+≤H zÇ¨ ÏflO. HÍÜ« ∞ Hõ+¨ ìO KÕã≤ K≥=∞\’_ç Û#Ñ¨ C_ÕãOÑ¨ Œ Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk. P ãOÑ¨ Œ rq`« HÍÖÏxHõO`å Jxfl ã¨ ∞MÏÅxã¨ ∞ÎOk. ÃãO@∞ ã¨ ∞QÆO^è •xflã¨ ∞ÎOk. Pã¨ ∞QÆO^è ŒO `å`å¯eHõOQÍ „Ñ¶ ¨ ∂ËO„kÜ« ∞ ã¨ ∞MÏxflã¨ ∞ÎOk. D Ô ~O_çO\Ö’ ^ÕxH Ü≥ ∞‰õ Ω¯= qÅ∞= x"åfie

J<Õk „Ñâ◊ fl. WHõ ¯_» K≥=∞@ „â◊=∞‰õ Ω, ÃãO@∞ P_»O|~åxH „ÑfHõÅ∞.Meaning: Sweat gives a bad smell. But sweat of hard labour also gives golden harvests.

Perfumes give out a pleasant fragrance which disappears after a little while. One has to

decide which of them has greater value and which merits greater respect.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 109

Moral:An industrious worker always commands great respect for the wealth he creates.

V

151. h~° =Ú « Ñ¨ Î Ö’Ç¨ Ï=Ú# xeÛ Ü« ∞<å=∞Hõ "≥ ∞ÿ #tOK« ∞, <å

h~° "≥ ∞ =Ú « º=∞@∞¡ #oh Œ à◊ ã¨Oã≤ ÷ « "≥ ∞ÿ « #~° ∞Û, <å h~° "≥ ∞ â◊ √H˜ Î Ö’|_ç =∞˜ « fi=ÚQÍOK« ∞ ã¨ =∞Oz « „Ñ¨ Éè íO, É∫~° ∞+¨ =$ « ∞Î e@¡ è Œ =Ú, =∞ è Œ º=Ú, #∞ « Î=Ú, Q˘Å∞Û"åiH˜ <£.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi

Éè Ï=O : h~° ∞, "Õ_ç ÃÑ#O g∞ Œ Ñ_ç Õ PqÔ ~· áÈ`« ∞Ok. `å=∞~å‰õ ΩÃÑ· Ñ_ç Õ, =Ú`« ºOÖÏ "≥ ∞~° ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk.PezÑ¨ ÊÖ’ Ñ_ç Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# =Ú « ºOQÍ =∂~° ∞`« ∞Ok. „Ñu =∞x+≤ Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ Éè íq+¨ º`« ∞Î, J «xH ÅaèOz#

P„â◊Ü« ∂xfl |\˜ ì =ÙO@∞Ok. J^è Œ=ÚÅ#∞ P„â◊~ÚOz#"å~° ∞ ã~° fi<åâ◊<åxfl, =∞^è Œ º=ÚÅ<å„â◊~ÚOz#"å~° ∞™œMÏºÉè Ïº™êxfl, L « Î=ÚÅ <å„â◊~ÚOz#"å~° ∞ "åã¨ Î= ™œMÏºxfl á⁄O Œ ∞`å~° ∞.

hu : h Éè íq+¨ º`« ∞Î h"å„â◊~ÚOz# "åix |\˜ ì =ÙO@∞Ok.

J~å÷ Å∞ : `«Ñ¨ ÎÖ’Ç¨ Ï=Ú ´ "Õ_çQÍ#∞#fl ~Ú#∞=Ú† #oh^Œà◊=Ú ´ `å=∞~å‰õ Ω† â◊ √H˜ Î ´ PeÛÑ¨ Ê†™œMÏºÉè ÏãO ´ ™œYºO Hõ eyO^Œ<Õ „Éè í=∞.

"åºMÏº#O : XHõ =∞x+≤ Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ qHÍãO, Éè íq+¨ º`« ∞Î J «xH ÅaèOz# P„â◊Ü« ∞O, ã¨ Ç¨ Ï"åãOÃÑ· P^è •~°Ñ_ç=ÙO@∞Ok. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω XHõ h\˜ K« ∞Hõ ¯, HÍÖË ÃÑ#O ÃÑ·# Ñ_ç Õ PqÔ ~·áÈ`« ∞Ok. Ñ¨ Œ ‡ ^Œà◊O g∞^Œ Ñ_ç Õ=Ú`« ºOÖÏ "≥ ∞~° ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. PezÑ¨ ÊÖ’ Ñ_ç Õ x["≥ ∞ÿ# =Ú « ºOQÍ =∂~° ∞`« ∞Ok. HÍ|\˜ ì L[fiÅ Éè íq+¨ º`« ∞ÎHÀã¨O, JO Œ~° ∞ L`« Î=ÚÅ#∞ P„â◊~ÚOz "åi`À ã¨ Ç¨ Ï"åãO KÕÜ« ∂e.

Meaning: Water evaporates on a hot pan. It glows like a pearl when it rests on a lotus

leaf. It turns into a real pearl in an oyster. Every man’s fortune is shaped by the company,

support and environment he finds himself in.

Moral: One’s future is determined by the environment he has.

V

152. ãOÑ¨ Œ Å∞ QÆ Å∞æ « i =∞Ç¨ [#∞Å Ç¨ Ï$ ŒÜ« ∞ =∞aè #"À « ÊÅ HÀ=∞ÅO |QÆ ∞K« ∞ "≥ ÅÜ« Ú

<åÑ¨ Œ Å∞ "˘O Œ ∞#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ =∞Ç¨=∞Ç‘ Ï è Œ ~åâ◊ ‡ãOÑ¶ ¨ ∂ « Hõ~° ¯â◊OÉˇ · « #~° ∞Û.– Éè í ~° Î $Ç¨ Ïi



110 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Éè Ï=O : ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ =zÛ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ JÑ¨ C_Õ qHõã≤Oz# HõÅ∞= Ñ¨ Ó=ÙÖÏQÍ ã[#∞Å∞ Ç¨ Ï$^ŒÜ« ∞O HÀ=∞ÅOQÍ=ÙO_ç B^•~åºxfl „Ñ¨ Œi≈ã¨ ∞ÎOk. PÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ =zÛ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ÃÑ^Œ Ì H˘O_»Ö’x |O_»~å~ÚÖÏQÍ Hõ~° ¯â◊OQÍ =ÙO_ç^è ≥ ·~åºxfl „Ñ¨ Œi≈ã¨ ∞ÎOk. K« e Z‰õ Ω¯"≥ · Õ, =∞Ozh~° ∞ =∞OK« ∞QÆ_» ¤QÍ =∂~° ∞`« ∞Ok.

hu : ãOÑ¨ Œ Hõ ey#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ B^•~åºxfl, PÑ^ŒÅ∞ Hõ ey#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ ^è ≥ ·~åºxfl Hõ ey LO_®e.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» Hõ eq∞ÖË=ÚÅÖ’ ã[#∞Å „Ñ=~° Î##∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ Hõ eæ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ã[#∞Å Ç¨ Ï$^ŒÜ« ∞O JÑ C_Õ qHõã≤Oz# HõÅ∞=Ñ¨ Ù=ÙfiÖÏQÍ HÀ=∞ÅOQÍ =ÙO_ç, B^•~åºxfl „Ñ¨ Œi≈ã¨ ∞ÎOk.PÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ =zÛ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ "åi Ç¨ Ï$^ŒÜ« ∞O H˘O_»Ö’x |O_»~å~ÚQÍ =∂iáÈ~Ú è ≥ ·~åºxfl „Ñ¨ Œi≈ã¨ ∞ÎOk. PQÆ ∞ÏÅ∞ =∞#‰õ Ω P^Œ~° ≈OQÍ =ÙO_®e.

Meaning: When a good man prospers, his heart is gentle and beautiful like a lily that

has just bloomed. He is kind and generous. When misfortune overtakes him, his heart

is like a huge rock on the mountain side, brave, hard and unyielding.

Unyielding= immovable

Moral: Generosity in prosperity and courage in adversity are the qualities of great

men.

Adversity=misfortune

V

153. L~° ∞|ÖÏ_è » ∞º_≥ · # Ü« Ú^Àºy Ñ¨ ~° ∞_≥ · # « y# q « Î =Ú#fl « ~° ∞=∞O ≥ Ñ¨ ~° ∞Å‰õ ΩÑHõ iOz áêeOÑQÆ Å∞æ #∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : ZO`« |Å=O`« ∞_≥ ·<å, ÃÑ^Œ Ì L^ÀºQÆOÖ’ L<åfl, ^ŒQÆ æ~° ^è Œ#=Ú#fl"å_Õ ~Ú`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω ™êÜ« ∞OKÕÜ« ∞QÆÅ_» ∞. =\˜ ì KÕ « ∞Ö’Î =¸~°Å∞"Õ ¿ãÎ UO ÖÏÉè íO?

hu : ^è Œ#O Hõ ey#"å~° ∞ Z=Ô ~·<å U"≥ ∞ÿ<å KÕÜ« ∞QÆÅ~° ∞.

Meaning: However mighty a man may be, however high a position he may hold, he

can be successful only if he has money power to be able help others. What can empty

hands measure?

Moral: There is nothing impossible for a man with enough money power.

V



112 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

156. HÍx"åx KÕ « HÍã¨ ∞ gã¨ =ÚÅ∞Oz "≥O@ k~° ∞QÆ ∞"å_» ∞ "≥ „i"å_» ∞ Ñ≤ e¡ u#fl HÀ_ç Ñ≤ ez# Ñ Å∞‰õ Ω<å? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Ü≥ ∂QÆ ∞º_» ∞ HÍx"åxH, <åºÜ« ∞O ÖËx "åxH è Œ#O ~ÚzÛ, Jk uiy fã ∞HÀ_®xH, J`«x "≥O@uiˆ Q"å_» ∞ "≥„i"å_» ∞. Ñ≤ e¡ u#fl HÀ_çx ~°=∞‡x Ñ≤ e¿ãÎ =ã¨ ∞ÎO^•? HÍ|\˜ ì, XHõi #_»=_çx Ñ¨ ÓiÎQÍ`≥Å∞ã¨ ∞H˘#fl `«~åfi`«<Õ, J «x`À =º=Ç¨ ~åÅ∞ #_»áêe.

hu : Ñ¨ ÓiÎQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ‰õ ΩO_», Z=i`À#∞ =º=Ç¨ ~åÅ∞ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀ~å Œ ∞.

Meaning: Only a fool will chase a man who is untrustworthy and has no ethics, to

recover the money he has entrusted to him. Can a chicken gobbled up by a cat be

called back to life? Only after a person’s character has been tested should one entrustany responsibility to him.

Gobbled = eat hastily without proper chewing

Moral: Never entrust any responsibility to someone till they have been tried and tested,

and are proved trustworthy.

V

157. HÍx"åx `À_» Hõ Åã≤ "≥ ∞ÅQÆ ∞"å_» ∞HÍx "åx QÍ<≥ HÍ#|_» ∞#∞, `å\ „HO Œ áêÅ∞ „`åy# K«O Œ =∞ø qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`«ÖËx "åx`À Hõ eã≤ uiˆ Q"å˜ ‚, Ü≥ ∂QÆ º`« ÖËx"åx ÖÏˆ Q Ö’HõO ÑiQÆ ã¨ ∞ÎOk. `å\K≥@∞ì#∞O_ç HõÅ∞¡ wz `«Ü« ∂~° ∞ KÕ™êÎ~° ∞. P K≥@∞ì „HO^Œ áêÅ∞ „`åy<å HõÅ∞¡ „`åy#@∞¡QÍ<Õ K« ∂¿ã"å~° ∞Éè Ïq™êÎ~° ∞. JO^Œ ∞ˆ H, Ü≥ ∞Ñ¨ C_» ∂ ã[# ™êOQÆ « º"Õ ∞ KÕÜ« ∂e.

hu : JÜ≥ ∂QÆ ∞ºx`À Hõ eã≤ uiˆ Q"å˜ ‚, JÜ≥ ∂QÆ ∞ºxQÍ<Õ Éè Ïqã¨ ∞ÎOn Ö’HõO.

Meaning: A person found is in the company of evil men, is bound to be judged as an

evil man by others. Toddy is collected from Palmyra trees. If one were to drink milk

standing under that tree, people are bound to believe it is not milk but it is toddy. Hence

one should always be seen in good company.

Moral: If one were to choose bad company, the world will judge him as a bad man

too.

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 113

158. HÀu|\˜ ì ≥ zÛ H˘ « Î Ñ Ù@ì =Ú QÆ \˜ ìH˘O_» =ÚK« ∞Û Öˇ Å¡ Q˘eÛ#@∞ì, huÇ‘ Ï#∞<˘ ŒÌ x~åƒùQÆ ∞ºÅ∞O Œ∞~°∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : HÀuH =∞Oz "Õ+O "Õã≤, H˘O_»=ÚK« ∞ÛÅ∞ H˘ez#@∞¡QÍ huÖËx "åx = Œ Ì x~åƒùQÆ ∞ºÅ∞ KÕ~° ∞`« ∞O\Ï~° ∞.

hu : hu=∞O « ∞Å#∞ P„â◊~Ú¿ãÎ Ñ¶ ¨ e`«O LO@∞Ok.

Meaning: A monkey may be dressed up as a leader and baboons may worship it.

Those who gather around persons without good character would appear the same as

the baboons. The whole show would seem absurd and purposeless.

Moral : The company of noble people is rewarding.

V

159. Q˘„Ô ~Å∞ Ñ¨ k"Õ Å∞ ‰õ Ä_çÜ« ÚO_ç # KÀ@ « e¡ <≥ iy =K« ∞Û^•x H˘ Œ =∞, Ñ¨ ~° =∞Ü≥ ∂y <≥ iy Éè í‰õ ΩÎO_» ∞ =K« ∞Û~å

qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞! Éè Ï=O : Ñk"ÕÅ Q˘„Ô ~Å∞<åfl =∞O^ŒÖ’ Q˘„Ô ~Ñ≤Å¡ ^•x « e¡x QÆ ∞iÎOz =ã¨ ∞ÎOk. J^Õ q^è ŒOQÍ Éè í‰õ ΩÎ_» ∞Ñ~°=∞Ü≥ ∂yx QÆ ∞iÎ™êÎ_» ∞. Wk ã¨ Ç¨ Ï[ „¿Ñ=∞â◊H˜ Îx, |∞kú H“â◊ÖÏºxfl `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : |∞kú=∞O`« ∞_» ∞ `«# Pf‡Ü« ÚÖ=~À ã¨ ∞ÅÉè íOQÍ QÆ ∞iÎ™êÎ_» ∞.

Meaning: A lamb recognizes its mother in a flock of ten thousand sheep. A devotee

will be able to recognize his teacher and guide in the same way. His natural power of

love and sharp intelligence will help him to find the great wise teacher to guide him.

Moral: A good pious man will be able to recognize his venerable master without any

difficulty.

Venerable = to be respected

V



114 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

160. zH˜ ¯Ü« Ú#fl "Õ à◊ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO|∞<≥ · ##∞ |Hõ ¯ ‰õ ΩHõ ¯Ü≥ ÿ∞# ÉÏ è Œ ÃÑ@∞ì, |eq∞ÖË x "Õ à◊ ÑO « =ÚÖò K≥ Å¡ =Ù qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : zH˜ ¯áÈ~Ú |ÅÇ‘ Ï#OQÍ =Ù#fl ã≤OÇ¨xfl, |Hõ ‰õ ΩHõ ¯ ‰õ Ä_® ÉÏ^è Œ ÃÑ@ìQÆÅ^Œ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì |ÅOÖË#Ñ¨ C_» ∞, ÑO`åÅ‰õ Ω áÈ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. Z^Œ ∞\˜ "åi |ÖÏ|ÖÏefl JOK«<å "Õã¨ ∞H˘x =∞x+≤ =ÚO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω ™êQÍe.

hu : |ÅO ÖË#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ÑO`åÅ‰õ Ω áÈ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

Meaning:When a lion is weak and helpless, even a lean sick dog may trouble it. Thus,

when one is weak and has no power, there should be no attempt to oppose anyone.

Always weigh with wisdom, the power and strength of the opponent before taking the

next step.

Moral: Without enough power there is no use opposing anyone.

V

161. « #∞=ÙÅã≤ ÷ ~° =∞x è Œ #=ÚÅã≤ ÷ ~° =∞x

≥ Å∞ÑQÆ Å_» ∞ `å#∞ ≥ eÜ«∞ÖË_»∞, K≥ Ñ¨ Ê=K« ∞Û Ñ¨ #∞Å∞ KÕÜ« Ú@ Hõ +¨ ì =∞ø! qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : â◊s~°O Hõ ∆ Éè íOQÆ ∞~°=∞x, ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ XHõ KÀ@ ã≤ ÷~°OQÍ =ÙO_»=x ~Ú «~° ∞Å‰õ Ω É’kèOK«_»Oã¨ ∞ÅÉè íO. HÍx `å#∞ `≥ eã≤HÀ=_»O KåÖÏ Hõ+¨ ìO. JO^Œ ∞ˆ H K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»O ã¨ ∞ÅÉè íO KÕÜ« ∞_»O Hõ+¨ ìO J<åfl~° ∞

ÃÑ^Œ ÌÅ∞. Uk PK«~° ™ê^è Œ º"≥ ∂, J^Õ =∞#O W`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω É’kèOKåe.

hu : Uk =∞#O PK«iOK«ÖË "≥ ∂, Jk ~Ú`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω É’kèOK« «QÆ Œ ∞.Meaning: It is easy to tell others that a body’s existence is temporary in nature and

wealth never stays too long at the same place. It is very difficult for the very same

person who preaches, to understand the meaning of what he preaches to others. That

is why wise men have always said that it is easy to preach but difficult to practise. Thus

people should preach what can be practised by themselves and not ask others to practise

what they themselves do not follow.

Moral: No one should preach to others what they themselves do not practise.

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 115

162. `å=∞ã≤Oz KÕÜ« ∞ ŒQÆ ≥ \˜ ì HÍ~° ºO|∞ "Õ yiOÑ¨ #kÜ« Ú q+¨ =∞QÆ ∞#∞, Ñ¨ zÛHÍÜ« ∞ ≥ zÛ Ñ¨_» "ÕÜ« ∞ Ñ¶ ¨ Å=∞ø<≥ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : HÀÑO`À "Õy~°OQÍ U Ñ¨x KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. Jk q+=∞ Ñiã≤ ÷ « ∞efl ã¨ $+≤ ìã¨ ∞ÎOk. Ñ¶ ¨ e`«O =ÙO_» Œ ∞.Ñ¨ zÛHÍÜ« ∞#∞ HÀã≤ „H˜O^Œ Ñ¨_» "Õ ¿ãÎ Ñ¨O_» ∞ J=Ù`« ∞O^•?

hu : `˘O^Œ~°Ñ_ç ÜÕ ∞ HÍ~° ºO KÕÜ« ∞~å^Œ ∞.

Meaning:Never try to carry out any work in haste and anger. It can have very dangerous

consequences and will not have good results. Will a raw fruit ever ripen if it has dropped

on to the ground before it is ripe?

Moral: Never try to take on any work in haste without prior thought.

V

163. Hõ Å∞¡‰õ ΩO_» Ô Hxfl Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#Éè í ∂+¨ =Ú e_» ¤JO Œ ∞Ö’x HõOÑ¨ Ù zO Œ ∞e_» ≥?

« ∞Å∞= Ñ¨ Œ qQ˘#fl `˘e QÆ ∞"Õ ∞=∞QÆ ∞? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æ_» ∞ =∞Oz"å_» ∞QÍ =∂~åÅx Éè ÏqOz, Q“~°=O Hõ eÊOz, Ñ¨ ŒqÖ’ ‰õ Ä~° ∞ÛO_»É_ç Õ, `«# "≥#∞Hõ\ QÆ ∞"≥ ∞ÿ# ^Œ ∞~å‡~åæ<Õ fl „Ñ¨ Œi≈™êÎ_» ∞. HõÅ∞¡‰õ ΩO_»‰õ Ω =∞Oz Éè í ∂+¨ ÏÅ∞ Hõ\˜ ì<å, ^•xÖ’x HõOÑ¨ Ù zO^Œ ∞ÖËã¨ ∂Î<Õ =ÙO@∞Ok Hõ •.

hu : ^Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æxH Ñ¨ Œq ~Ú¿ãÎ ^Œ ∞~å‡~° æOQÍ<Õ „Ñ=iÎ™êÎ_» ∞.

Meaning: If an evil man is given a position of power and respect with the hope that he

will become a good man, he will soon show his innate bad qualities, which he had

shown earlier, and will do a great deal of harm. A toddy pot will give out the stench of

what it had been used for earlier. Even if it is beautifully decorated, the foul smell continues

to linger on.

Innate = inborn, natural

Moral: An evil man, if given respect, position and power, will go back to his evil waysand cause harm sooner or later.

V



116 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

164. Hõã¨ =Ù u#∞#∞ QÍ ≥ Ñã¨ ~°O|∞ Öˇ Ñ¨ C_» ∞ K≥ Ñ≤ Ê#@∞¡ q#∞K« ∞*ËÜ« Ú |#∞Å∞, "åx™ê\˜Ü≥ ÿ ∞# =∂#=Ù_˘Ñ¨ Ê_®? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : QÆ_ç ¤ u<Õ Ñâ◊ √=ÙÅ‰õ Ω, tHõ ∆ ~Ú¿ãÎ Jq =∞#O K≥Ñ≤ Ê# Ñ#∞Å∞ KÕ™êÎ~Ú. J#flO u<Õ =∞x+≤ JÖÏ„Ñ=iÎOK«_»O ÖË Õ ! Ñâ◊ √=ÙÅ∞ ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OQÍ PÖ’zOK«ÖË=Ù. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ =∞#‰õ Ω q^è ÕÜ« ∞OQÍ =ÙO\Ï~Ú. ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OQÍPÖ’zOKÕ â◊H˜ Î QÆÅ =∞x+≤, ZÑ¨ C_» ∞ ZÖÏ „Ñ=iÎ™êÎ_À =ÓÇ≤ ÏOK«_»O Hõ+¨ ìO.

hu : QÆ_ç ¤k<Õ Q˘_» ∞¤ =∂@ qO@∞Ok HÍx, J#flO u<Õ =∞x+≤ q#_»O ÖË Œ ∞.

Meaning: Animals that eat grass can be trained to obey man and he can get his work

done. A man who eats good food does not do the same. Animals cannot think for

themselves. Hence they obey man. Man, who can reason for himself and think, behavesas he chooses, and no one can predict his actions. Thus an animal which eats only grass

can be disciplined to obey, while man who eats far better food, does not know how to

impose a sense of discipline on himself.

Predict=foretell

Moral: An animal that feeds on grass obeys orders, while man who eats for better

food does not.

V

165. QÍ_≥ Ì "Õ ∞#∞ g∞ Œ QÆO è ŒO|∞ Ñ¨ Óã≤ # |∂kÖ’# Ñ¨_» ∞K« ∞, á⁄~° Å∞ =∞~° Å, "≥ ∂@∞"åx ™⁄QÆã¨ ∞ "≥ ∂ã¨ Î iÜ« ∞ºk ã¨ ∞g∞

qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞! Éè Ï=O : |∂_ç ŒÖ’ á⁄~°ÖÏ_Õ QÍ_ç Œ‰õ Ω ã¨ ∞QÆO^è ŒO Ñ¨ Ó¿ãÎ, Jk =∞~°ÖÏ |∂_ç ŒÖ’ Ñ_ç á⁄~°Å∞ « ∞Ok. "≥ ∂@∞ "åxH KÕ ¿ã ™⁄QÆã¨ ∞ WÖÏˆ Q =ÙO@∞Ok. áê„ « ∞_Ò<À HÍ^À ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ‰õ ΩO_» Z=fiiH Ug∞ KÕÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

hu : "≥ Ú~°@∞"åxH KÕ ¿ã ™⁄QÆã¨ ∞, |∞~° ŒÖ’ áÈ¿ã Ñ¨hfl~° ∞.

Meaning: The donkey which rolls in ash will do it again even after perfume is applied

to it. Though an uncultured man is made to dress well, he will not behave in a cultured

manner, and will not change his behavior at all. Never offer anything to anyone without

making sure that they deserve it.

Moral: Trying to make a rough man cultured is like pouring perfume in ash.

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 117

166. « #∞fl Ez Ü≥ Ú~° ∞Å∞ «QÆ "≥ ∞K« Û=Öˇ #x ™⁄=Ú‡ Ö~° =Ù ≥ zÛ <≥ q∞‡ g∞~°,Ü≥ Ú~° ∞Å H˘~°‰õ Ω `å<≥ Ü« Ú|∞ƒ#∞, =¸~° ∞ö_» ∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : W`«~° ∞Å∞ `«##∞ "≥ ∞K« ∞ÛHÀ"åÅx, ™⁄=Ú‡Å∞ Z~°=Ù ≥K« ∞ÛH˘x JÅOHõiOK« ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞ =¸~° ∞ö_» ∞.`«#<≥=fi~° ∞ Ñ\˜ ìOK« ∞HÀÖË Œx ≥ eã≤, «#‰õ Ω å<Õ =Úiã≤áÈ`å_» ∞. Wk P`« ‡#∂#º`åÉè Ï=O. nxx ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω~åhÜ« ∞‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞. ~åx¿ãÎ =ºH˜ Î « fi qHÍ™êxH J_» ∞¤ `«QÆ ∞Å∞ÎOk.

hu : J~° ∞=Ù ™⁄=Ú‡ |~° ∞=Ù KÕ@∞.

Meaning: A person who borrows ornaments, wears them, and hopes to win the

admiration of others, is very stupid. When no one notices him, he admires himself. This

is because of a complex that he has, of being inferior to others. One should never beencouraged to behave like this.

Moral: Borrowed things are harmful heavy weights, which can bring great trouble.

V

167. « e¡Ü« Ú#flÜ« ∞Ñ¨ Ù_≥ « #‰õ Ω QÍ~å|=ÚP"≥ ∞ áÈ=, « #∞fl #~°Ü« ∞ Ô ~=~° ∞, =∞OzHÍÅ=∞Ñ¨ Ù_≥ =∞~åº Œ <åiOÑ¨ Ù qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Wk `« e¡ „áê^è •<åºxfl K« ∂¿Ñ Ñ¨ Œ ºO. `« e¡ „|uH =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ a_» ¤<≥O`À QÍ~å|OQÍ K« ∂ã¨ ∞ÎOk.P"≥ ∞ áÈ~Ú# «~åfi « a_» ¤#∞ Ñ\˜ ìOK« ∞H˘<Õ "å~° ∞ Z=~° ∂ LO_»~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì « e¡ qÅ∞=#∞ JO Œ~° ∂ „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOKåe.

hu : Ñ≤Å¡Å‰õ Ω `« e¡x q∞Oz P ŒiOKÕ "å~° ∞ "Õ Ô ~=fi~° ∂ LO_»~° ∞.Meaning:- This is a verse that describes the worth of a mother. A mother loves, pampers

and takes the utmost care of a child. No one else cares so much after a mother is gone.

Hence everyone should know the value of mother.

Moral : No one cares and loves a person more than his mother.

V



118 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

168. "≥ ÅÜ« ∞QÆ #â◊ fi"Õ ∞ è ŒO |∞Å∞ "ÕÜ« Ú#∞ <˘Hõ ¯ ã¨ « º=Ú#∞ x~° ∞QÆ_» ÅO Œ ∞#x_ç « ∂ÑQÆ ã « º=Ú =Å## =ÚÅ∞ã¨ ∂Ñ¨ Ù Q“~° =O|∞# ¿Ñi‡<£

Éè Ï=O : XHõ „`åã¨ ∞Ö’ "Õ~Ú Jâ◊ fi"Õ ∞^è Œ Ü« ∞*ÏÅ Ñ¶ ¨ e`åxfl XHõ "≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù WOH˘Hõ "≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù XHõ ¯ ã¨ « º"å‰õ Ω¯#∞LOz`Õ =ÚÅ∞¡ |~° ∞=Ù`À ã`« ºO "≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù "≥ ÚQÆ ∞æ K« ∂Ñ¨ Ù`« ∞Ok.

"åºMÏº#O : Jâ◊ fi"Õ ∞^è Œ Ü« ∂QÆO KÕÜ« ∞@O Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#HÍ~° ºOQÍ, ™ê=∂#∞ºÅ∞ KÕÜ« ∞ÖËx ÑxQÍ J « ºO « Ñ¨ Ùº„Ñ¨ ŒOQÍÉè Ïq™êÎ~° ∞. HÍx ã¨ « ºO ÑÅHõ_» "Õ ∞ JO`«HõO>Ë Q˘Ñ¨ Ê q+Ü« ∞O. nx`À ÅaèOKÕ =∞Oz Ñ¶ ¨ e`«O =∞i^Õx`À#∞ á⁄O^ŒÖË=Ú. Wk â◊‰õ ΩO`«Å ^Œ ∞+¨ ºO`« ∞x`À K≥Ñ≤ Ê# =∂@.

"≥ÅÜ« ∞QÆ : „ÑHõ\OK«QÆ

hu : ã¨ « º"åHÍºxH L#fl â◊H˜ Î U Ñ¨ ÙºHÍ~åºxH LO_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: If the benefits of a hundred ‘Aswamedha yagyas’ were to be weighed

against a statement of truth, the balance would undoubtedly swing in favour of truth!

Moral: Truth has greater power than all prayers and rituals.

V

169. hà◊§ =Ú#∞QÆ <Õ Å? x è Œ ∞Å É @ìQÆ <Õ Å? "≥ Ú#ã≤ "Õ Å∞ÊÅ‰õ Ω#∞ „"≥ ÚHõ ¯<Õ Å?Hõ Å‡+¨ =Ú‡Öˇ <˘fl Hõ_» ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖ’#∞O_»QÍ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Hõ_» ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖ’ HõÅ‡+¨O ÃÑ@∞ìH˘x =Ù#fl =∞#∞+¨ µÅ∞, Ñ¨ Ùºf~å÷ÅÖ’ =Úxy#O`« =∂„`å#, =Ú_» ∞Ñ¨ ÙÅ∞K≥ e¡Oz#O « =∂„`å#, Õ=`«Å‰õ Ω „"≥ ÚH˜ ¯#O`« =∂„`å# Ñq„ « ∞Ö∫`å~å? U Ñx<≥ ·<å x+¨ ¯Å‡+ Ç¨ Ï$^ŒÜ« ∞O`ÀKÕÜ« ∂e. JÑ¨ C_Õ Ñ¶ ¨ e`«O Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : Hõ_» ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖ’ HõÅ‡+O Hõ_çy`Õ áÈ^Œ ∞.

Meaning: What is the use of having ritual baths in holy rivers, or making offerings to

the gods or praying to them when one’s heart is impure? Anything that is done with a

pure heart alone will bring in rewards.

Moral: The impurity in one's heart cannot be washed away easily.

V



120 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

172. J#∞=ÙQÍx KÀ@ #kè‰õ ΩÅ =∞#~å Œ ∞H˘OK≥ =ÚO_» ∞>ˇ Å¡ H˘ Œ ∞=HÍ Œ ∞H˘O_» Ü« ∞ Œ Ì =∞O Œ ∞ Q˘OK≥ "≥ ∞ÿ Ü« ÚO_» ^•? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Ñiã≤ ÷ « ∞Å∞ J#∞‰õ ÄeOK«#Ñ¨ C_» ∞, Jkè‰õ ΩÅ=∞x K≥Ñ¨ CHÀ~å^Œ ∞. Jy=ÙO_»_» "Õ ∞ =∞Ozk. J^Œ ÌOÖ’H˘O_» z#flkQÆ HõxÊã¨ ∞ÎOk. JO «=∂„`å# H˘O_» Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«#O «yæáÈ Œ ∞. nxx áê\OKÕ "å~° ∞ « ∞k q[Ü« ∞Oá⁄O Œ ∞`å~° ∞.

hu : `«yæ Õ<Õ <≥QÆ ∞æ å~° ∞. Q˘Ñ¨ ÊÅ‰õ Ω áÈ~Ú Éè íOQÆÑ_»‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: When circumstances are not favorable, one should lie low and not project

himself. A mountain looks small in a mirror. In no way does it mean that the mountain

has lost its might.

Moral: Victory is certain if one keeps a low profile at times. Rushing in haste to project

oneself could prove to be harmful.

V

173. "≥ ∞ÿ Å HÀHõ `À_» =∂ã≤ # « Å `À_»Ü≥ Ú_» e =ÚiH `À_» #∞O_≥ <Õ x,JkèHõ ‰õ ΩÅA<≥ · # J\˜ ì @∞ì Ñ≤ Å∞=~° ∞, qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : D Ñ¨ Œ ºO Ñiâ◊ √„Éè í «#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ ≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. ZO « ÃÑ Œ Ì =Oâ◊OÖ’ [x‡Oz#"å_≥ ·<å, =∂ã≤#=¢™êÎÅ`À, zOÑ≤i A@∞ì À, =ÚiH KÕi# â◊s~°O`À =ÙO>Ë J`« ˜ ‚ Z=fi~° ∞ K« ∂_»~° ∞ ÑÅ¯iOK«~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ìÑiâ◊ √„Éè í «, =∞Oz =G è •~° „Ñu"åiH J=ã~°O.

hu : Lz « =G è •~° , Ñiâ◊ √„Éè í « =∞x+≤H Q“~° "åxfl Hõ ey™êÎ~Ú.

Meaning: This stanza stresses the importance of cleanliness. However high-born a

person may be, if he is dressed in soiled clothes, his hair is unkempt and his body

unwashed no one would pay any attention to him. Hence, personal cleanliness and

decent clothes are important for everyone to make a good impression.

unkempt = untidy,`≥ ·Å ãO™ê¯~°O ÖËx

Moral: A well-dressed person, who looks neat and clean, is bound to command respect.

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 121

174. WÇ¨ Ï=Ú q_» ∞= Ñ¶ ¨ Å=Ú eOÑ¨ ÙQÆ QÆ Å=x =∞Ç≤ Ïx |Å∞¯ "åi =∂@Hõ Å¡, WÇ¨ Ï=ÚÖ’<≥ Ñ¨ ~° =Ú <≥ ~° ∞QÆ ∞@ HÍ#~å? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : WÇ¨ÏÖ’HÍxfl q_ç z, Ñ~°Ö’HÍxH áÈ~Ú#Ñ¨ C_Õ, h‰õΩ ã¨ ∞MÏÅ∞ Åaè™êÎÜ«∞<Õ "åi =∂@Å∞J|^•úÅ∞. WÇ¨ ÏÖ’HõOÖ’<Õ Ñ~°Ö’Hõ ã¨ ∞MÏefl J#∞Éè íqOK«_»O h=Ù <Õ~° ∞ÛHÀ"åe.

hu : WÇ¨ Ï Ñ~åÅ∞ Ô ~O_» ∞ =∂#=Ùx rq`«#kH˜ Ô ~O_» ∞ QÆ@∞¡.

Meaning: People who convince others that happiness can be found not on this earth

but only in heaven, are not speaking the truth. One has to learn to find the joy of heaven

on earth itself.

Moral: Earth and heaven are like the banks of a river on either side.

V

175. =OÑ¨ ÙHõ „~°QÍz =OÑ¨ Ù f~° ÛQÆ =K« ∞ÛH˘O_» Åxfl Ñ≤O_ç Q˘@ì =K« ∞Û

Hõ iî # z « ∞Î =∞#ã¨ ∞ Hõ ~° yOÑQÍ~å Œ ∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : =OHõ~°QÍ =Ù#fl Hõ„~°#∞ á⁄~ÚºÖ’ ÃÑ\˜ ì "Õ_çKÕã≤ QÍx, "Õ ˆ ~ q^è ŒOQÍ QÍx K«Hõ ¯QÍ =ÙO_Õ@@∞¡KÕÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û. H˘O_»Å#∞ QÆ ∂_» Ñ≤O_çQÍ Q˘@ì=K« ∞Û. HÍx Hõiî<å`« ∞‡x =∞#ã¨ ∞ûx HõiyOK«_»O ™ê è Œ ºO HÍ^Œ ∞.

hu : Hõiî<å`« ∞‡x =∞#ã¨ ∞û#∞ HõiyOK«_»O Hõ+¨ ìO.

Meaning: A crooked stick can be bent and shaped over a fire. It can be fashioned into

the required shape. It may be possible perhaps to pound mountains flat, but it is impossibleto melt the heart of a cruel man.

Moral: It is not easy to soften the heart of a cruel man.

V

176. Pe=OHõ "å~° ÖÏ « ‡|O è Œ ∞=ÙÖˇ · i « e¡ =OHõ "å~° ∞ « y#áê\˜ «O„_ç =OHõ "å~° ∞ ^•Ü« ∂k «QÆ =ÙÖ∫ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!



122 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Éè Ï=O : =∞^è Œ ºÖ’ =zÛ# Éè Ï~° º"≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù "å~° ∞ P`« ‡|O^è Œ ∞=ÙÖˇ ·áÈ`å~° ∞. `«##∞ Hõx „¿Ñ=∞`À ÃÑOz# `« e¡ "≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù "åi |O^è Œ ∞`« fiO JO`«O`« =∂„`« "Õ ∞. `«##∞ „"ÕÅ∞ Ñ@∞ìH˘x #_çÑ≤Oz, „ÑÜ≥ ∂[‰õ Ω˜ ‚ KÕã≤# `«O„_ç "≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù "å~° ∞ •Ü« ∂^Œ ∞Å∞ â◊„`« ∞=ÙÖ∫`å~° ∞. nx HõO`« HÍ~° O =ÚYºOQÍ Pã≤ Î ÑOÑHÍÅÖ’ =KÕ Û q"å^•ÖË. J\˜ ìq"å^•Å∞ ~å‰õ ΩO_® *Ï„QÆ « ÎÑ_®e. =ÚO Œ ∞QÍ =zÛ# K≥=ÙÅHõO> "≥#∞Hõ=zÛ# H˘=Ú‡Å∞ "å_ç. WnÖ’Hõsu.

hu : |O è Œ ∞`« fiO ã¨ ∞xfl`« "≥ ∞ÿOk. Z=iH ZO « „áê^è •#ºq∞"åfiÖ’ „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK«_»O =∞Ozk.

Meaning: The relatives from the wife’s side, who come later into one’s life, become

very close. The relatives from the mother’s side hardly matter, though a mother is the

closest and has brings one up from childhood. The relatives on the fathers’ side become

very hostile, though the father lovingly guides one in life. The reason often lies in property

disputes. One has to be careful to avoid such situations. The principle on which the

world moves is like that of horns that come much later in life are sharper, than the earthat one is born with.

Moral: Relationships are delicate and fragile. One should deal with them tactfully.

Fragile= easily breakable

Tact= careful thought

V

177. JHõ ¯~°‰õ Ω ~åx K« ∞@ì =Ú „"≥ ÚH˜ ¯# =~° g∞x "Õ Å∞Ê "≥ ∂Ç¨ Ï~° =Ú#, ^• <≥H˜ ¯# ÉÏ~° x QÆ ∞„~° =Ú „QÆ‰õ Ω¯# q_» ∞=OQÆ =ÅÜ« Ú QÆ Œ ~å ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : J=ã~° "≥ ∞ÿ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ JO_»QÍ xÅ=x K« ∞\Ïìxfl, ZO`« „"≥ ÚH˜ ¯<å =~°O „Ñ™êkOK«x ^≥ · "åxfl, Ü« Ú^Œ úã=∞Ü« ∞OÖ’ `å<≥H˜ ¯`Õ Ñ~° ∞QÆ ∞ fÜ« ∞x QÆ ∞„~åxfl =ke"ÕÜ« ∞_»O =∞Ozk. J#∞Éè í=O`À ÃÑ Œ ÌÅ∞ K≥ ¿ÑÊ=∂@~Úk. nxx JO Œ~° ∞ J#∞ãiOKåe.

hu : J=ã~åxH Ñ¨xH~åx^•xfl "≥O@<Õ q_ç zÃÑ\Ïì e.

Meaning: The kin who do not stand by one, in times of trouble, the God who does not

grant the wishes to whom one prays earnestly, and a horse that does not run fast enough

on the battle field are better discarded. Wise elders have often given this advice and it

is worth following.

Kin= relation



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 123

Earnest=sincere

Discard=leave

Moral: Anything that is not useful when needed should be discarded.

V

178. JÑ¨ CQ˘x KÕÜ« Ú qÉè í ==Ú =ÚÑ¨ C# „ÉÏÜ« ∞OÑ¨ Ù\ÏÅ∞, =¸~° ∞ö x « Ñ¨ =Ú<£ « Ñ¨ Ê~°Ü« ∞x #$Ñ¨ Ù~å[º=Ú ≥ Ñ¨ Ê~° "≥ ∞ÿ g∞ Œ w_» ∞ ≥ K« ∞Û~° ã ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : JÑ¨ C KÕã≤ Ñ¨Ñ¨ C‰õ Ä_» ∞ u#_»O, =Úã¨ e`«#OÖ’ ‰õ Ω„~° ÃÑO_®¡=Ú#∞ Hõ ey =ÙO_»_»O, =¸~° ∞ö_» ∞KÕ ¿ã HÍ~° º™ê^è Œ##∞ #=∞‡_»O, <åºÜ« ∂<åºÜ« ∞ qK«Hõ ∆ ÖËx ~åA Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ ~å[ºOÖ’ x=ã≤OK«_»O ZÑ¨ Ê\ Ô H·<å„Ñ=∂ ŒO Hõ eæ™êÎ~Ú. JO^Œ ∞KÕ «, "å\H ^Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_»_»O „âıÜ« ∞ã¨ ¯~°O.

"åºMÏº#O : H˘xfl „áêO`åÖ’¡ H˘xfl *Ï « ∞Ö’¡, H˘xfl =∞`åÅ"åà◊ ¡Ö’ _»|∞ƒ fã¨ ∞H˘x =Úã¨ e"åà◊ §H P_»Ñ≤Å¡ efl ÃÑo¡ KÕã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~° ∞. Hõ<åºâ◊ √Å¯O <å@HõO P ã=∞ã¨ º<Õ „Ñ¨ Œi≈OzOk. =Úã¨ e "åxH z#flÑ≤Å¡xzÛ ÃÑo§KÕÜ« ∞@O=Å¡ ã=∂[OÖ’ Z<Àfl J#~å÷Å∞ [~° ∞QÆ ∞`å~Ú. D q+Ü« ∂xfl `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕ ¿ã^Õ D Ñ¨ Œ ºO.

hu : =Úã¨ e"å_çH ‰õ Ω„~° ÃÑO_®¡O, HÀuH H˘|ƒiHÍÜ« ∞ ÖÏO\˜k.Meaning: Living off borrowed money, having a young wife in old age, depending on

the efficiency of a fool, and living in a country where the king does not differentiate

between the just and the unjust, are dangerous, and one should keep a distance from

these situations as they can cause trouble later.

Moral: A person should be wise enough to judge a situation and act accordingly.

V

179. Hõ =∞Å=ÚÅ∞ h@ÉÏã≤ #Hõ =∞ÖÏÑ¨ ÙÎ x~° t‡ ™ÈH˜ Hõ =∞e#Éè íOy<£ « =∞ « =∞ <≥ Å=ÙÅ∞ « Ñ≤ Ê#, « =∞ q∞„ « ∞Ö â◊ „ «∞ÅQÆ ∞@ « äŒ º=Ú ã ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : Ñ¨ •‡Å∞ hà◊ ¡Ö’ =Ù#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ ã¨ ∂~° ºHÍOu ™ÈH˜ Õ qHõã≤™êÎ~Ú. J"Õ Ñ¨ •‡Å∞ h\Ö’ ÖË#Ñ¨ C_» ∞,ã¨ ∂~° º~°t‡ ™ÈH˜ Õ =∂_çáÈ`å~Ú. Z=Ô ~·<å `«=∞`«=∞ ™ê÷<åefl =^Œ eÃÑ\˜ ì, Éˇ ·\H =¿ãÎ "åi q∞„`« ∞ÖËâ◊„`« ∞=ÙÅ∞QÍ =∂iáÈ`å~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì Z=i ™ê÷#OÖ’ "å~° ∞ Éè í„^ŒOQÍ =ÙO_®e.



124 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

hu : K≥@∞ì À =Ù#flÑ¨ C_Õ Ñ¨ Ù=Ùfi qHõã≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk. "Õ~° ∞KÕ ¿ãÎ ZO_çáÈ`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: Water lilies bloom in water only when sunlight is on them. The same flowers

wilt and die when they are taken out of water and the hot sun shines on them. To

anyone who moves away from their natural place in life, they find even friends turn into

enemies. All should wisely remain in the place life has allotted to them.

Moral: A flower blooms only when it is on the tree. If the flower is plucked away from

the tree, it fades and dies.

V

180. « #Ü« ¸i « Ñã≤ « Ñ¨ =Ú#∞

« # Ñ Ù„ « ∞x q Œ º ÃÑOÑ¨ Ù, « #ã¨ u~° ∂Ñ¨ Ù<£ « # ÃÑ~° \˜ K≥ @∞ì =∞O Œ ∞#∞ =∞#ã¨ ∞# =i‚OÑ¨ Ô ~\˜ ì =∞#∞AÅ∞ ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : «# „QÍ=∞O "åi HÍ~° º™ê è ŒHõ åfixfl, «# ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞x q^•º ãOÑ¨ Œ#∞, «# Éè Ï~° º ~° ∂ÑÖÏ=ÏºÅ#∞,`«# ÃÑ~°\ `À@Ö’x K≥@∞ì Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ =∞O^Œ ∞ qÅ∞=#∞, Z=~° ∞#∞, =i‚OK«_®xH ~Ú+¨ ìÑ_»~° ∞. ZO^Œ ∞HõO>ËJk P`« ‡ã¨ ∞Îu „HOkH =ã¨ ∞ÎOk. P`« ‡ã¨ ∞Îu ã[#∞x ÅHõ ∆ O HÍ^Œ ∞.

hu : Z=i _»ÉÏƒ "åà◊ √§ H˘@∞ìHÀ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.Meaning: A person usually hesitates to talk about the achievements of a man of his

town, the excellence of his son’s education, the beauty of his wife and the benefits of the

plants in his garden. It is because it would sound like boasting. Boasting is certainly not

the quality of a modest, cultured man.

Moral: Never boast of what is one’s own.

V

181. `«# Hõ eq∞, ~ÚO„ Œ Éè ’QÆ =Ú « # ÖË q∞Ü≥ ∞ ã¨ ~° fiÖ’Hõ ^•i„ Œ ºO|∞<£ « # Kå=Ù [QÆ „ « Êà◊Ü« ∞=Ú « # =Åz#Ü« ∞kÜ≥ ∞ ~°OÉè í, « ä Œ º=Ú ã¨ ∞=∞f.

Éè Ï=O : JÇ¨ ÏOHÍ~°O`À HõO_» ∞¡ =¸ã¨ ∞HõáÈ~Ú#"å_» ∞, TÇ¨ Ö’HõOÖ’ qÇ¨ Ïiã¨ ∂Î `«# ~ÚO\’¡ ãOÑ¨ Œ~ÚO„ ŒÉè ’QÆ=∞#∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. `«# ~ÚO\ ^•i„ Œ º"Õ ∞ Ö’HÍxHõO`å •i„^Œ º=∞#∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. `å#∞ K«xáÈ`Õ[QÆ « ∞Î HõO`å „Ñà◊Ü« ∞O J#∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. `å#∞ „¿Ñq∞Oz# ¢ã‘ ÎÜÕ ∞ ^Õ=HÍO «Ü≥ ÿ ∞# ~°OÉè í J#∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞.JÇ¨ ÏOHÍ~°O ky#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ W=hfl `å~° ∞=∂~“`å~Ú. HÍ|\˜ ì =∞x+≤H JÇ¨ ÏOHÍ~°O LO_»~å Œ ∞.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 125

hu : D „ÑÑOK«OÖ’x ãOÑ¨ ŒÅhfl `«# HÀã¨ "Õ ∞ ã¨ $+≤ ìOÑ|_®¤Ü« ∞#∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞ JÇ¨ ÏOHÍi.

Meaning: A vain, arrogant man truly imagines that his home is a divine palace, his

poverty is the misery of the whole world, and his death would herald the end of the

world. He believes that the woman he loves is as beautiful as the divine nymphs in

heaven. When his vanity and arrogance come down everything changes. It is never

wise to be proud and arrogant and live in a world of illusion.

nymphs = JÑ¨ û~°ã¨

Moral: An arrogant man is under the illusion that all the good things in life have been

created for him alone.

Illusion = deceptive appearance

V

182. qkeOÑ¨ #∞~° ∞‰õ Ω, ã≤OQÆ Ñ¨ ÙQ˘ Œ =∞Ü« Ú, =∞ Œ =∞e# QÆO_»‰õ ΩO[~° =ÚÅÃÑ· xk |ÅâßeH <≥ · [=ÚQÆ Œ, Õ *’xkèH =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞ HÍ~° =∞QÆ ∞<Õ?

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç Ïi

Éè Ï=O : XHõ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO Ñ≤Å¡, =∞kOz# ÜÕ ∞#∞QÆ ∞#∞ K« ∂¿ãÎ, ^•x g∞kH =ÙiH K«OÑ_®xH „ÑÜ« ∞uflã¨ ∞ÎOk.Wk |ÅâßeH ã¨ Ç¨ Ï["≥ ∞ÿ# ÅHõ ∆ O. =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞û`À ãO|O è ŒO ÖËxk â∫~° ºO.

hu : =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞û‰õ Ω â∫~åºxH ãO|O^è ŒO ÖË Œ ∞.

Meaning: A lion cub will not hesitate to attack an elephant, without any fear. This is a

natural instinctive action of a brave mighty creature. Heroic, valiant acts have nothing to

do with age.

Moral: Courage and age have nothing to do with one another.

V

183. Hõ ∆ =∞Hõ =K«O|∞, „HÀ è Œ =∞kâ◊ „ « ∞=Ù, *Ï˝ u Ç¨ ï`åâ◊ #∞O_» ∞, q∞

„ « =Ú ŒQÆ ∞=∞O Œ∞, Œ ∞~° ˚ #∞Å∞ ^•~° ∞ Ñ #flQÆ =ÚÖò, ã ∞q Œ º q « Î, =Úz « Å[ Éè í ∂+¨ , =Ú^• « Î Hõ q « fi=Ú ~å[º g∞, Hõ ∆ =∂ „Ñ¨=ÚY Ñ¨ ^•~° ÷ =ÚÖò QÆ Å∞QÆ ∞ Ñ¨ @∞ì # « « ¯=Kå Œ ∞ ÖË \H˜ <£.

– Éè í ~° Î $Ç Ïi



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 127

Éè Ï=O : ^è Œ<åxH ^•#O KÕÜ« ∞_» "≥ ∂, J#∞Éè íqOK«_» "≥ ∂ ÖË • áÈQ˘@∞ìHÀ=_» "≥ ∂ J<Õ =¸_» ∞ J=ã¨ ÷Å∞LO\Ï~Ú. ^•#O KÕÜ« ∞Hõ, J#∞Éè íqOK«Hõ =ÙO_Õ "å_» ∞ ^è Œ<åxfl áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘O\Ï_» ∞.

hu : ^è Œ<åxfl J#∞Éè íqOKåe† ^•#O KÕÜ« ∂e.

Meaning: The three ways money can be used are to give it away in charity, enjoy it or

lose it. One who does not give it away in charity or enjoy it is bound to lose it.

Moral: Money is meant to be either enjoyed or given away in charity.

V

186. K≥ eq∞Ü« Ú ÑQÆÜ« Ú#∞, ≥ eqÜ« ÚHõ ÅHõÜ« Ú, è Œ ~° ‡O|∞ áêÑ¨QÆ uÜ« Ú#∞, ÃÑOÑ¨ ÙO « ∞Å∞= « #O|∞#∞ =K« ∞Û#∞ Ñ¨ Å∞‰õ Ω|_ç # HÍ#, á⁄ãQÆ Ñ¨ Å∞HõQÆ =ÅÜ« Ú<£.

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O

Éè Ï=O : ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO QÍx, q~À^è ŒO QÍx, ™ê=∞~°ã¨ ºO QÍx, q"å^ŒO QÍx, è Œ~° ‡O QÍx, áêÑO QÍx,ã¨ ¢`« Ê=~° Î# QÍx, ^Œ ∞¢+¨ Ê=~° Î# QÍx, =∂\Ï¡_Õ f~° ∞#∞ |\˜ ì U~° Ê_» ∞`å~Ú. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡ K«Hõ ¯QÍ =∂\Ï¡_»_»OJO Œ~° ∞ JÅ=~°K« ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : <À~° ∞ =∞Oz^≥ · Õ T~° ∞ =∞Oz^Œ=Ù « ∞Ok.

Meaning: The manner of speech can determine the way to promote a good bond of

friendship or cause enmity, promote amicable co-operation or raise a dispute, can give

a fair solution, wound feelings, or show good conduct or bad behavior. All will have to

adopt a pleasing way of speaking to keep everyone happy.

Moral: If one has pleasant speech, all the people in the world are good to him as he is

liked by all

V



128 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

13. JÇ≤ ÏO™ê Ñ¨ Œ úu

187. Ç≤ ÏOã¨ `À_» Z#fl_» ∞ ™êkèOÑ¨ ÖË ~° ∞ q[Ü« ∞OJÇ≤ ÏOãÜÕ ∞ ã≤ ÷ ~°âßOuH˜ JOu=∞ â◊ ~° O.

– =∂#=w «

Éè Ï=O : K«i„ «#∞ Ñije¿ãÎ =∞#‰õ Ω H˘xfl x*ÏÅ∞ `≥Å∞™êÎ~Ú. ~åAÅ =∞ è Œ º Z<Àfl Ü« Ú^•úÅ∞ [iQÍ~Ú.`å`å¯eHõOQÍ q[Ü« ∂Å∞ á⁄O^•~° ∞. HÍx âßOux ™ê÷Ñ≤OÑÖËHõáÈÜ« ∂~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì Ç≤ ÏOã¨ À Z#fl_» ∞#∞q[Ü« ∂xfl ™êkèOK«ÖË~° ∞. JÇ≤ ÏOã¨ À<Õ ã≤ ÷~°âßOu Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk.

hu : JÇ≤ ÏOãÜÕ ∞ ã≤ ÷~°âßOuH˜ JOu=∞ â◊~° O.

"åºMÏº#O : #~°*Ïu K«i„ « "≥ Ú`« ÎO Ç≤ ÏO™êÜ« Ú`« "≥ ∞ÿ# Ü« Ú^•úÅ`À #_ç zOk. Ô ~O_» ∞ Ü« Ú^•úÅ =∞^è Œ º#∞#fl ã¨ fiÅÊHÍÅ"Õ ∞ âßOu HÍÅO J~ÚOk. Ç≤ ÏOã =Å¡, âßOux <≥ÅH˘ÅÊ_»O ™ê^è Œ ºO HÍx Ñx. JO Œ ∞ˆ HQ“ «=∞|∞^Œ ∞ú_» ∞ JÇ≤ ÏO™ê ã≤ •úO`åxfl Ö’HÍxH É’kèOKå_» ∞. ã≤ ÷~°âßOu HÍ"åÅO>Ë JÇ≤ ÏO™ê =∂~° æ "≥ ÚHõ>Ëâ◊~° ºO.

Meaning: A study of history reveals some truths to us. There have been many battles

fought among kings. Some were able to win temporary victories. Yet they were unable

to establish peace. It is certain that violence can never earn a true victory. It is only non-

violence that can bring permanent peace.

Moral: The last refuge for permanent peace can be found only in non-violence.

V

188. Hõ uÎ `À_» ™êkèOz# Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#[Ü« ∞=Ú‡ "≥ ∞~°Ü« Ú <˘Hõ ™êi "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∂# "≥ ∞~° Ñ¨ Ù"ÀÖˇâßOu`À_» Ñ¨O_çOz# [Ü« ∞Ñ¶ ¨ Å=Ú‡ xez "≥ Å∞QÆ ∞#∞ =∞ nÑ Hõ oHõ "ÀÖ.

– =∂#= w «

Éè Ï=O : ‰õ « ∞ÎÅ`À Ç≤ ÏOã≤Oz ™êkèOz# q[Ü« ∞O, "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’ "≥ ∞~° ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖÏQÍ Hõ ∆ Hõ "≥ ∞ÿ#k. âßOu =∂~° æOÖ’™êkèOz# q[Ü« ∞O =∞nÑOÖÏQÍ âßâ◊ fi`«OQÍ "≥Å∞QÆ ∞xã¨ ∞ÎOk.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 129

hu : Ç≤ ÏOã¨ À ™êkèOKÕ q[Ü« ∞O `å`å¯eHõO. âßOu`À ™êkèOKÕ q[Ü« ∞O âßâ◊ fi`«O.

"åºMÏº#O : âßOux ™ê÷Ñ≤OKåÅ<Õ L^Õ Ìâ◊ ºO`À „Ñ¨ « º~° ∞÷ÅÃÑ· Hõ « ∞ÎÅ∞ Œ ∂ã≤ Ü« Ú^Œ úO KÕã≤ q[Ü« ∞O ™êkèOz# "å~° ∞<åfl~° ∞. J\˜ ì q[Ü« ∞O "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’ "≥ ∞~° ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖÏQÍ Hõ ∆ Hõ "≥ ∞ÿ#k. JÖÏ HÍ‰õ ΩO_®, „Ñ¨ « º~° ∞÷Å`À âßOuK«~° ÛÅ∞ [iÑ≤, q[Ü« ∂xfl á⁄O^ŒQÆ eæ Õ Jk âßâ◊ fi`«OQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. J\˜ ì q[Ü« ∞O =∞nÑO =Ö ZÅ¡Ñ¨ C_» ∞

"≥Å∞QÆ ∞#∞ „ÑãiOÑ¨KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: Any victory won with the sword is like a momentary flash of lightning in the

clouds. Victory won through non-violence is peace which is permanent like the light

given out by the lustre of a precious gem.

Moral: Victory won with violence is temporary whereas victory won with peace and

methods of non-violence is permanent.

Lustre = shine

V

189. HÍy#\˜ ì áêÅ∞ g∞QÆ_»Ü≥ ÿ ∞ Õ Å∞ á⁄Oy#\˜ ì áêÅ∞ á⁄~Úº áêÅ∞

P„QÆ Ç¨ Ï=Ú‡ ≥ K« ∞Û Jxfl J#~å÷ Å∞ã¨ Ç¨Ï#â◊H˜ Î ~ÚK« ∞Û ã¨ « Êù ÖÏÅ∞.– =∂#=w «

Éè Ï=O : á⁄Oy# áêÅ∞ á⁄~ÚºÖ’ Ñ_ç=∂_çáÈ~Ú#@∞¡, P„QÆ Ç¨ ÏO J#~å÷Å#∞ `≥ã¨ ∞ÎOk. ã¨ Ç¨ Ï#O, HÍy#áêÅ g∞^Œ g∞QÆ_» ÖÏQÍ ã¨ « Êù e`åÅxã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍ|\˜ ì P„QÆ Ç¨ ÏO =ke, ã¨ Ç¨ Ï<åxfl „Ñ¨ Œi≈Oz, HÍ~åºxfl ™êkèOK« ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : ã¨ Ç¨ Ï#O ã~° fi HÍ~° º ™ê^è Œ#O.

"åºMÏº#O : P„QÆ Ç¨ ÏO á⁄Oy# áêÅ=O\k. á⁄Oy# áêÅ∞ á⁄~Úº áêÖˇ · =º~° ÷ "≥ ∞ÿ áÈ~Ú#@∞¡ P„QÆ Ç¨ ÏOJ#~å÷Å‰õ Ω •ifã¨ ∞ÎOk. •x =Å¡ Ñ¶ ¨ e`«O =ÙO_» Œ ∞. F~° ∞Ê HÍy# áêÅÃÑ· ¿Ñ~° ∞H˘#fl g∞QÆ_» =O\k. JkÜ≥ ∞^Œ ∞\˜ "åi "≥ ∞Ñ¨ C#∞ á⁄O ŒQÆÅ∞æ « ∞Ok. ã`« Êù e`åÅxã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍ|\˜ ì P„QÆ Ç¨ xfl J∞K« ∞H˘x, ã Ç¨ Ï#O`À„Ñ=iÎOz, HÍ~åºÅ∞ ™êkèOK« ∞HÀ"åe.

Meaning:Milk that boils over into the flame is burnt. Anger is just like that, and bringsabout a great deal of harm. Patience gives rewards like the cream that spreads over

boiled milk. Hence anger and haste should be given up, patience shown, and whatever

has to be done can be achieved with ease.



130 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Moral: Patience has the ability to win over and achieve anything in this world.

V

190. Hõ uÎ EÑ¨ <≥ @∞¡ Hõ =∞ÅO|∞ qHõã≤OK« ∞!J~° ∞HÍOu ™ÈH˜ #Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ « Ñ¨ Ê, =∞=∞ « EÑ≤ #Ñ¨ Ù_≥ =∞#ã¨ ∞ =∂~° ∞#∞ « Ñ¨ Ê, Éè íÜ« ∞=Ú EÑ <Õ q∞ Ñ¶ ¨ Å=Ú Hõ Å∞QÆ ∞.

– =∂#= w «

Éè Ï=O : XHõ =ºH˜ Î Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ =∞#ã¨ ∞#∞ =∂~åÛÅO>Ë, =∞=∞`«#∞, „¿Ñ=∞#∞ K« ∂áêe HÍx Éè íÜ« ∞ÃÑ\˜ ì ÖÏÉè íOÖË Œ ∞. ã¨ ∂~° ºHÍOu ™ÈH#Ñ¨ Ù_Õ HÍx, HõuÎ EÑ≤#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ Ñ¨ Œ ‡O qHõã≤OK« Œ ∞ Hõ •!

hu : =∞#ã¨ ∞#∞ =∂~° Û_»O, „¿Ñ=∞`À<Õ ™ê è Œ ºO.

"åºMÏº#O : =∞#∞+¨µÅ =∞#ã¨ ∞û#∞ =∂~åÛÅO>Ë "åiÃÑ· =∞=∞`å#∞~åQÍÅ∞ K« ∂áêe. HÍx ÉèíÜ« ∞OK« ∂Ñ≤#O Œ ∞=Å¡ Ñ¶ ¨ e`«O =ÙO_» Œ ∞. XHõ ã~°ã¨ ∞ûÖ’ =Ù#fl Ñ¨ Œ ‡O L^Œ~ÚOKÕ ã¨ ∂~° ∞ºx HÍOu ™ÈH#Ñ¨ C_ÕqHõã≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍx HõuÎ K« ∂Ñ≤, Éè íÜ« ∞ÃÑ_ç Õ qHõã≤OK« Œ ∞. ã=∂[OÖ’ Ñi=~° Î# `Õ "åÅ#∞H˘<Õ "å~° ∞, nxxQÆ ∞~° ∞ÎOK« ∞H˘x „Ñ=iÎOKåe.

Meaning: To bring about a change of heart one should show love and affection andnot use force and intimidation. Only when sunlight falls on the lotus does it bloom. A

sword cannot force it to bloom, only sunlight can.

Intimidation = frighten

Moral: Only love can bring about a change of heart.

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 131

14. "Õ •O « Ñ¨ Œ úu

191. Uq∞ H˘#∞K« ∞ =K« ∞Û, <Õ q∞ `åQ˘xáÈ=Ù |∞@∞ì "Õ à◊ #~° ∞_» ∞ y@∞ì "Õ à◊ èŒ #=Ú Ö K« \˜ ˆ HQÆ ∞ `å<ÕQÆ ∞ <≥ K« \H? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : =∞x+≤ [x‡Oz#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ Uq∞ fã¨ ∞H˘x~å_» ∞. K«xáÈÜÕ ∞@Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ‰õ Ä_» Uq∞ fã¨ ∞H˘x áÈÖË_» ∞.^è Œ#O ZHõ ¯_çH áÈ`« ∞O^À =∞x+≤ Ü≥ ∞Hõ ¯_çH áÈ`å_À `≥ eÜ« ∞^Œ ∞.

hu : Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ì#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ `≥KÕ Ûk ÖË Œ ∞. K«xáÈÜÕ ∞@Ñ¨ C_» ∞ fã¨ ∞HõáÈÜÕ ∞k ÖË Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : =∞x+≤ rq «HÍÅOÖ’ `å#∞ ã¨OáêkOz# ãOÑ¨ ŒÅÃÑ· "åº"≥ ∂Ç¨ ÏO ÃÑOK« ∞H˘O\Ï_» ∞. «#‰õ ΩJ=™ê# HÍÅO ã¨g∞Ñ≤Oz#Ñ¨C_» ∞, P ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ#∞ =^Œ eÃÑ\˜ ì áÈ=Åã≤=ã¨ ∞ÎO^Œx kQÆ ∞Å∞ Ñ_» å_»∞.nx<Õ Éè í=|O^è ŒO JO\Ï~° ∞. =∞x+≤, `å#∞ [x‡Oz, Éè í ∂q∞ g∞kH =zÛ#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ Ug∞ fã¨ ∞H˘x ~åÖË Œ ∞.,`å#∞ =∞~° Oz, Éè í ∂q∞x =^Œ eáÈÜÕ ∞@Ñ¨ C_» ∞ Ug∞ fã¨ ∞H˘x áÈÖË_» ∞. =∞~° O «~åfi`« `å#∞ U=∞ø`å_À

`«# ãOÑ¨ Œ ÜÕ ∞=∞ø`« ∞O^À J`«xH `≥ eÜ« ∞^Œ ∞. D ã¨ åºxfl ≥ eã≤H˘#fl =∞x+≤, Éè í=|O^è ŒO #∞O_ç "≥ ∂Hõ ∆ Oá⁄Ok P#O^ŒOQÍ =ÙO\Ï_» ∞.

Meaning: A man brings nothing with him when he is born. He takes nothing with him

when he dies. No one knows where he goes from here or where his wealth finally goes.

Moral: None brings anything when born nor takes anything while dying.

V

192. Hõ #QÆ, ™⁄=Ú‡ Öˇ <˘fl Hõ #HõO| ^˘Hõ ¯>ˇ Ñã¨ ∞Å =<≥ fl Ö <˘fl áêÖÁHõ \Ü≥ ∞ Ñ¨ Ù+¨ Ê*Ï « ∞Öˇ <˘fl Ñ¨ Ó[ Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯>ã¨ ∞g∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : |OQÍ~°O XHõ>Ë. HÍx ^•x`À Z<Àfl ™⁄=Ú‡efl `«Ü« ∂~° ∞ KÕÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û. Ñâ◊ √=ÙÅ∞ Z<Àfl ~°OQÆ ∞Ö’¡=ÙO\Ï~Ú. HÍx Jq ~ÚKÕ Û áêÅ ~°OQÆ ∞ =∂„`«O XHõ ¯>Ë. JÖÏˆ Q Ñ¨ Ù+¨ Êù*Ï`« ∞Ö<Àfl =Ù<åfl~Ú. HÍx PÑ¨ ÓÅ`À =∞#O ^≥ · "åxH KÕ ¿ã Ñ¨ Ó[ XHõ ¯>Ë. nxx |\˜ ì aè#fl`« fiOÖ’ =Ù#fl UHõ åfixfl =∞#O „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOKåe.



132 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

hu : aè#fl`« fiOÖ’, UHõ « fiO =Ù#flk `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Hõ#QÆ ´ K« ∂_»QÆ † Ñã¨ ∞Å∞ ´ Ñâ◊ √=ÙÅ∞

Meaning: Gold remains the same, whatever jewellery is made from it. Cows may be

of many colours, black, white, brown or mixed, but the colour of milk is the same.

Similarly a variety of flowers are gathered for worship, but no matter whatever flowers

are used, worship remains the same. This unity in diversity should be clearly understood.

Unity = of one

Diversity = of many, varied

Moral: There is unity in diversity.

V

193. z « Îâ◊ √kú QÆ ey KÕã≤ # Ñ¨ ÙºO|∞H˘OK≥ "≥ ∞ÿ # #kÜ« Ú Q˘ Œ ∞= HÍ Œ ∞ q « Î #O|∞ =∞„i =$Hõ ∆ O|∞#‰õ Ω <≥O «? qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : z`« Îâ◊ √kú À =∞#O KÕã≤# Ñ¨ ÙºHÍ~° ºO ZO`« z#fl^≥ ·<å, Jk ÃÑ Œ Ì •x`À ã=∂#O. =∞„i q`« Î#OKåÖÏ z#flk. HÍx ^•xÖ’ =∞Ç =$Hõ ∆ O Wq∞_ç =ÙOk Hõ •!

hu : z`« Îâ◊ √kú À KÕ ¿ã HÍ~° ºO, ZO`« z#fl^≥ ·<å ÃÑ Œ Ì Ñ¶ ¨ e`åxflã¨ ∞ÎOk.

"åºMÏº#O : U HÍ~åºxfl KÕã≤<å, ^•xx z`« Îâ◊ √kú À KÕÜ« ∂e. z`« Îâ◊ √kú À KÕã≤# ZO`« z#fl ÑxÜ≥ ÿ ∞<å ÃÑ^Œ Ì Ñ¶ ¨ e`åxfl ~Úã¨ ∞ÎOk. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω, =∞„i q`« Î#O KåÖÏ z#flkQÍ =ÙO@∞Ok. HÍx JO^Œ ∞Ö’ =∞Ç¨

=$Hõ ∆ O Wq∞_ç =ÙOk.Meaning: Even a small action done with a pure heart, is equal to a very important

action. The seed of the banyan may be very small, but in it is dormant, a huge banyan

tree of the future.

Moral: However minor an action, if done with a pure and a sincere heart, will give

huge rewards.

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 133

194. Éè í ∂q∞ <åk Ü« ∞x# Éè í ∂q∞ Ñ¶ ‰õ Ω¯# #=Ùfi ^•#Ç‘ Ï#∞ Ez è Œ #=Ú #=Ùfi,Hõ Œ # cè « ∞ Ez HÍÅ∞_» ∞ #=Ùfi#∞, qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : =∞x+≤ K« zÛáÈ`Õ Éè í ∂q∞Ö’ Ñ¨ Ó_ç Û ÃÑ_» å~° ∞. JO^Œ ∞=Å¡ =∞x+≤, Éè í ∂q∞H ™⁄O`« "≥ ∞ÿáÈ`å_» ∞.J@∞=O@Ñ¨ C_» ∞, =∞x+≤ Éè í ∂q∞ <å^Œx JO>Ë Éè í ∂q∞ #=fi‰õ ΩO_® =ÙO@∞O^•? è Œ#O KåÅ K«OK«Å"≥ ∞ÿ#k.Jk ~¸ k#O h ŒQÆ æ~° =ÙO@∞Ok. ˆ ~Ñ\H, ~ÚOH˘Hõi ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω KÕ~° ∞`« ∞Ok. J@∞=O@Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ^è Œ#O<å^Œx =∞x+≤ K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»O #QÆ ∞ÉÏ@∞ J=Ù`« ∞Ok. Ü« Ú^Œ úOÖ’ â◊„`« ∞=ÙÅ∞ K«OÑ¨ Ù`å~°x Éè íÜ« ∞Ñ_ç áêiáÈ~Ú#XHõ Ãã·x‰õ Ω_» ∞ U^À XHõ ~ÀA =∞~° ™êÎ_» ∞. =∞~° Ïxfl `«Ñ≤ ÊOK« ∞HÀ"åÅx „ÑÜ« ∞uflOz# J`«xfl K« ∂zÜ« ∞=Ú_» ∞ #=Ùfi`å_» ∞. nxx |\˜ ì, D „Ñ¨ÑOK«OÖ’ U =ã¨ ∞Î=Ù ‰õ Ä_» `«# ™⁄O «O HÍ Œx `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : D „ÑÑOK«OÖ’ Un hk HÍ Œ ∞. h=Ù =zÛáÈÜÕ ∞ Ü« ∂„u‰õ Ω_»=Ù =∂„ « "Õ ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Hõ Œ#cè « ∞_» ∞ ´ Ü« Ú^Œ úOÖ’ Éè íÜ« ∞Ñ_» ¤ "å_» ∞† HÍÅ∞_» ∞ ´ Ü« ∞=Ú_» ∞

Meaning: When a man dies he is buried in the earth. He becomes one with it. When

man says “This land is mine” will the earth not be amused at his foolishness? Wealth

never stays steady at a single place for too long. Today it is with one man and tomorrow

with another. Thus when a man says “This wealth is mine” it is very amusing as he has to

leave it one day, ironically, too. A soldier afraid to die in battle deserts the army in themidst of fighting and perhaps dies later. The Lord of Death is certainly amused at a man

trying to flee from certain death. This shows there is nothing in this world that really

belongs to man.

Desert (verb) = ÉÏ^è Œ º`« #∞O_ç áêiáÈ=Ù@† Desert (nown) ´ Z_®i

Moral: Nothing belongs to a man on this earth. He is only a traveller, who comes stays

for a while, and leaves after a short sojourn.

Sojourn = temporary stay at a place

V

195. Hõ eã≤ PiOK« ∞H˘O Œ =Ú *Ï˝ #â◊H˜ Î

Hõ eã≤ rqO «, "≥ ∞=iÃÑ· HõHõ ∆ ÖËHõ,Hõ eã≤ ™êkèOK« ∞ Œ =Ú, g~° HÍ~° º=ÚÅ#∞Hõ eã≤, ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞H˘O Œ =∞„Hõ =∞=Ú #∞O_ç.

– Dâß"åã¨ º LÑ x+¨ « ∞Î



134 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Éè Ï=O : =∞#=∞O^Œ~°O Hõ eã≤ *Ï<åxfl ãOáêkOK« ∞H˘O^•O. Z=fii g∞^Œ Õ fi+O ÖË‰õ ΩO_» Hõ eã≤ rq^•Ì~.SHõ=∞ « ºO`À =∞Ç¨ Ï`å¯~åºÅ#∞ ™êkè •ÌO. J„Hõ=∂Å#∞O_ç =∞#efl =∞#O ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞H˘O^•O. Wk Dâß"åã¨ ºLÑx+¨ « ∞Î „Ñ¨É’ è ŒO.

hu : JO Œ~° ∂ Hõ eã≤ rq^•ÌO. =∞#efl =∞#O ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞H˘O^•O.

Meaning: All men should work and earn together. All should live in harmony with no

ill-will towards one another. United, they can achieve great things. All should protect

themselves from injustice. This is the wisdom of the Isavasya Upanishad.

Moral: All should live together and protect one another.

V

196. á⁄OyáÈ=_» ∞ ã¨ ∞Y=ÚÅ∞ á⁄Ok#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ „‰õ ΩOyáÈ_» ∞ Œ ∞óY=Ú‡ ÃÑ·H˘#fl Ü« ∞Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ Éè íÜ« ∞=Ú, ~åQÆ =Ú „HÀ è Œ =Ú‡ = Œ Å∞"å_» ∞J=xÖ’# ã≤ ÷ « „Ñ¨ A_» #QÆ |~°QÆ ∞.

– Éè íQÆ =næ « ã¨ ∂H˜ Î

Éè Ï=O : ã¨ ∞MÏefl á⁄Ok#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ á⁄OyáÈ~å^Œ ∞. HõëêìÅ∞ =zÛ#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ „‰õ ΩOyáÈ~å^Œ ∞. Éè íÜ« ∂xfl, ~åQÍxfl,HÀáêxfl =^Œ eÃÑ\Ïì e. J\˜ ì QÆ ∞ÏÅ∞ Hõ ey# "åxx ã≤ ÷ «„ÑA_»O\Ï~° ∞. Wk Éè íQÆ=næ å "åHõ ºO.

hu : Hõ+¨ ìã¨ ∞MÏÅ∞, HÍ=_ç ‰õ ΩO_»Å∞. "å\H ZÑ¨ C_» ∂ K« eOK«‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

Meaning: One who is never overjoyed with the good things in life, never loses heart,

when troubles overwhelm him. Fear, attachment and anger are discarded by him. Such

a one is called a truly steady man. This is a precept of the Bhagavat Gita.

Moral: Joy and sorrow should never distrub a steady, enlightened man.

V

197. Ñ¨ Ù#∞QÆ ∞Ñ≤ e¡ ˆ HÅ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ìOK≥ "åã¨ #Öò Hõ #Hõ =Ú « #ˆ Hq∞ Hõ Å¡ *Ëã≤

Z=iHõ ~° ÷ =∞ø#∞ D „|Ç¨ Ï‡KÕ « Å∞ qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 135

Éè Ï=O : XHõ ã¨ fiÅÊrqÜ≥ ÿ ∞# Ñ¨ Ù#∞QÆ ∞ Ñ≤ e¡x ã¨ ∞"åã#`À ã¨ $+≤ ìOz<å_» ∞ „|Ç¨ Ï‡^Õ=Ù_» ∞. JO^Œ~° ∞ HÀ~° ∞H˘xÉè í ∂+¨ =ÚÅ∞QÍ è ŒiOKÕ |OQÍ~åxH ã¨ ∞"åã# Hõ eÊOK«ÖË Œ ∞. „|Ç¨ Ï‡^Õ=Ùx KÕ «Å∞ Z=fiiH J~° ÷O HÍxq.

hu : ã¨ $+≤ ì ~° Ç¨ Ï™êºÅ∞ J~° ÷O HÍ=Ù.

Meaning: The Lord Brahma has created the small civet cat with its fragrance. Gold

which is desired by one and all, to wear as ornaments, has no fragrance. No one can

delve deep and understand the acts of the Creator Brahma.

Delve = dig

Moral: It is impossible to understand the mysteries of creation.

V

198. Éè í ∂q∞ ¿Ñ~° ∞ =Å¡, Ñ Ùºˆ H∆ „ « =Ú ÖÏÜ≥ ∞ "≥ ÅÜ« ∞ ~åà◊ ¡ =Å¡, "Õ Å∞ÊÖÏÜ≥ ∞ hà◊ ¡ ¿Ñ~° ∞ =Å¡, xdÅ f~° ÷ =Ú ÖÏÜ≥ ∞, qâ◊ fi^•aè ~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ =∞!

Éè Ï=O : Éè í ∂q∞ Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ =∞Ç¨ Ï`« Î fiO =Å¡ Ñ¨ Ùºˆ H∆ „`åÅ‰õ Ω, ~åà◊ ¡ tÅÊ "≥ ·Éè í=O =Å¡ q„QÆ Ç¨ Ï ~° ∂ÑOÖ’ =Ù#fl ^Õ=`å=¸~° ∞ÎÅ‰õ Ω, hà◊ ¡ =Å¡ Ñ¨ Ùºf~å÷Å‰õ Ω qÅ∞=ÖË~° Ê_ç<å~Ú QÍx, "å\˜H ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OQÍ qÅ∞=Å∞ ÖË=Ù.

hu : Éè í ∂q∞ =Å¡ Ñ¨ Ùºˆ H∆ „`åÅ∞, ~åà◊ § =Å¡ ^Õ=`å=¸~° ∞ÎÅ∞, hà◊ §=Å¡ Ñ¨ Ùºf~å÷Å∞ U~° Ê_®¤~Ú JO>Ë=¸Å Ñ¨ •~° ÷ "Õ ∞ =ÚYº=∞x J~° ÷O.

Meaning: Holy places of pilgrimage are flourishing because of the sanctity and the

power of the place, because of the sacred idols of the deities, and the sacred waters of

the rivers.

Sacred = holy

Moral: Holy places arose because of the place; sculpted idols of divinities have come

from the stones and centres of pilgrimages have arisen along the banks of the rivers.

The reason why all these have gained importance has to be understood.

V



136 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

199. xÜ« ∞ « « Ñ¨ =Ú#∞ xO„kÜ« ∞ x„QÆ Ç¨ ÏO|∞ Éè í ∂i q Œ ºÜ« Ú âßOuH HÍ~° =ÚÅ∞ "åx Ü« ∞xflO\˜HõO> "Õ ∞Öˇ · # âßOuHÍ~° =Ú Ö’Éè í =Ú_» ∞QÆ ∞@ H“~° "ÕO„ Œ !

– PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O Éè Ï=O : x+¨ ª À «Ñã¨ ∞û KÕÜ« ∞_»O, WO„kÜ« ∂Å#∞ x„QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK«_»O, L#fl « q^Œ º, âßOuH HÍ~° ÏÅ∞.âßOuH, "åx JxflO\HõO> "Õ ∞Öˇ ·# HÍ~° O Ö’Éè Ïxfl qãiOK«_»O. HÍ|\˜ ì âßOuHÍ=Ú‰õ ΩÅ∞, Ö’Éè íQÆ ∞Ïxfl =^ŒÅ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : Ö’Éè í « fiO =^ŒÅ∞H˘O>Ë âßOu Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: Performing penance with great devotion, acquiring perfect control over the

senses, and deep learning are all for the peace of mind. Above all it is overcoming

selfishness that is a must to have peace. Hence those who desire peace must overcome

selfishness and engage themselves in selfless service.

Moral: If selfishness is overcome, one can enjoy peace of mind.

V

200. Z=i HõO@|_»Hõ, Ü≥ ∞Å¡ ~° KÕ ≥ · = =∞#fl ¿Ñ~° Ñ¨ Ó[ÅO Œ ∞H˘#∞K« ∞JÅ~° ∞K« ∞#fl "åx J Œ ∞ƒù « bÖHÍâ◊ Û~° º=∞O Œ ∞ K« ∞O_≥ ã¨ ~° fi[QÆ u.

– ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O Œ ~°O

Éè Ï=O : Z=fiiH© Hõ#|_»‰õ ΩO_® =ÙO@∂, JO^ŒiKÕ Ñ Ó[ÅO^Œ ∞H˘O@∞#fl ^≥ ·=O Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ J^Œ ∞ƒù « bÅÅ∞K« ∂ã≤ Ö’HõO Pâ◊ Û~° ºáÈ`« ∞#flk.

hu : Z=fiiH© Hõ#Ê_»‰õ ΩO_®, ZÅ¡iKÕ Ñ¨ Ó[ÅO^Œ ∞H˘<Õ ^≥ ·=O, XHõ =∞Ç¨ ^Œ ∞ƒù «O.

Meaning: Never seen by anyone, but worshipped by all, the Lord remains the ultimate

wonder.

Moral: God is an enigma and can not be understood by man.

enigma = J~° ÷O HÍx

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 137

QÆ Œ º ÉèÏQÆ O



138 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 139

15. ã¨ OÑ¨ Ó~° ‚ huK« O„kHõ – hu ã¨ ∂ õΩÎÅ∞

1. QÆ ∞=O « ∞ÅÖ’ „Ñ¨ ä Œ =∞QÆ ∞º_»∞ QÍx H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω#∞ QÆ #fl « e¡HõO> "Õ ~° ∞ Q˘„_®Å∞ QÆ Å^•?QÆ ∞=O « ∞_» ~Ú# Ñ Ù„ « ∞_˘Hõ_» ∞ KåÅ∞#∞. =¸~° ∞ö Å∞ #∂~° ∞QÆ ∞~° =Å# Ñ¶ ¨ Å"Õ ∞q∞? XHõ ~° « fl=Ú`À QÆ ∞ÅHõ ~åÅ∞ QÆOÃÑ_» ~Ú##∞ ã iQÍ=Ù.

Éè Ï=O : QÆ ∞=O`« ∞ÅÖ’ J„QÆQÆ ∞º_» ∞ HÍx H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω#∞ Hõ#fl `« e¡ Q˘„_®Å∞`À ã=∂#O. QÆ ∞=O`« ∞_≥ ·#‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞_» ∞ XHõ ¯_≥ ·<å KåÅ∞. #∂~° ∞æ~° ∞ =¸~° ∞öÅ =Å# „ÑÜ≥ ∂[#O ÖË Œ ∞. QÆ ∞ÅHõ~åà◊ √¡ QÆOÃÑ_≥ ·<å, XHõ~° « flO`À ã=∂#O HÍ=Ù.

hu : |∞kú=∞O`« ∞_≥ ·# XHõ a_» ¤ KåÅ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : JÜ≥ ∂QÆ ∞ºÖˇ ·# Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞Å#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ «O„_ç Ñ_Õ ÉÏ è Œ#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. áê@b Ñ¨ Ù„`«#QÆ~åxfl áêeOKÕ ã¨ ∞^Œ~° ≈#∞_»<Õ ~åA, «# ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞Å∞, =¸~° ∞öÖˇ ·, q^•º|∞ Œ ∞úÅ∞ <Õ~° ∞ÛH˘#Hõ, P@áê@Ö’¡HÍÅO "≥à◊ §|∞K« ∞Û`« ∂ ™È=∞~° ∞Å∞QÍ =Ù#fl ã=∞Ü« ∞OÖ’, "åix «ÅOK« ∞H˘x, qKå~°O`À ~ÚÖÏ JO\Ï_» ∞.QÆ ∞=O`« ∞ÅÖ’ „Ñ¨ ä Œ=Ú_» ∞QÍx Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞x Hõ#fl`« e¡ Q˘„_®Å∞`À ã¨=∂#O. QÆ ∞=O`« ∞_≥ ·# XHõ Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞_» ∞KåÅ∞ J «_» ∞ =OâßxH H©iÎ „Ñu+¨ ªÅ∞ ≥ zÛ ÃÑ_®Î_» ∞. =¸~° ∞öÅ∞ #∂~° ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞O_ç Ñ¶ ÅO ÖË Œ ∞. Zxfl QÆ ∞ÅHõ~åà‹ ¡ Â#,XHõ ~°`« flO`À ã=∂#O HÍ=Ù.

Meaning: A woman can be considered as a barren woman, if her son is not good andhonest, and a man of good character. A good son, if he is a man of integrity and honour,

it matters very little if he is an only son. It is useless to have a hundred foolish sons. How

can a basketful of pebbles be compared in worth, to one precious gem?

Moral: It is worth having a single son, if he is good and honourable rather than having

a hundred worthless sons.

V

2. a_» ¤ Å‰õ Ω q^•ºÉè Ïºã =Ú KÕ ~ÚOÑ q∞ « e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å À+¨ =Ú. « e¡ ŒO„_» ∞ÅKÕ « tH˜ ∆ « ∞O_» ~Ú ÉÏÅ∞_»∞ q^•fiOã¨ ∞_»QÆ ∞#∞ QÍx, Ñ¨ Ù@ìQÍ<Õ q^•fiOã¨∞_»∞ QÍ_» ∞.Ñ¨Ù~° ∞+HÍ~°=Ú KÕ «QÍ~° º=ÚÅ∞ ã≤ kúOK« ∞#∞. i « Î HÀiHõ ÅKÕ « ã≤ kúOÑ¨ =Ù. x„kOK« ∞ ã≤OÇ¨ Ï=Ú <À~° =∞$QÆ =ÚÅ∞ « =∞O « =zÛ K˘~° =Ù.

Éè Ï=O : x„kOKÕ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO PÇ¨ ~åxfl ãOáêkOK« ∞HÀÖË Œ ∞. P ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO <À\ ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω [O`« ∞=ÙÅ∞ «=∞O`«`å=Ú =zÛ KÕ~°=Ù. Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+ „ÑÜ« ∞`« flO ÖË‰õ ΩO_® HÍ~åºÅ∞ ã≤kúOÑ=Ù. a_» ¤ Ñ Ù@ìQÍ<Õ q^•fiOã¨ ∞_» ∞ HÍÖË_» ∞.`« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å∞ P a_» ¤‰õ Ω q^•ºÉè ÏºãO KÕ~ÚOKåe. KÕ~ÚOK«‰õ ΩO_® =ÙO_»@O `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å `«Ñ¨ Ê=Ù`« ∞Ok.



140 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

hu : „ÑÜ« ∞`« flO ÖË‰õ ΩO_®, U Ñh ™êQÆ Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : `«=∞ Ñ≤Å¡Å‰õ Ω q^•º|∞^Œ ∞úÅ∞ <ÕiÊOK«_®xH `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å∞ „â◊ Œ ú =Ç≤ ÏOK«Hõ áÈ=_»O "åi`«Ñ¨ Ê=Ù`« ∞O^Œx ~ÚK« Û@ `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕÜ« ∞|_çOk. Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ J„ÑÜ≥ ∂[‰õ ΩÅ=Ù`« ∞<åfl~°x `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å∞, T~°Hõ

zOuOz LÑÜ≥ ∂QÆO ÖË Œ ∞. "åix =∞Oz QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù ŒQÆ æ~° KÕiÊOz q^•º|∞ Œ ∞úÅ∞ <ÕiÊOK«_»O « e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å

ÉÏ^è Œ º`«. „ÑÜ« ∞`« flO ÖË‰õ ΩO_», U Ñ¨x ™êQÆ Œ ∞. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω x„kOKÕ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO <À\ ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω, =∞$QÍÅ∞`«=∞O`« =zÛ PÇ¨ ~°O HÍ=Ù QÆ •. D q è ŒOQÍ zOuOz# ã¨ ∞^Œ~° ≈#∞_»<Õ ~åA, `«# ‰õ Ω=∂~° ∞Å‰õ Ω huÉ’ è Œ KÕÜ« ∞=∞x q+¨ µ‚â◊~° ‡#∞ „áêi÷™êÎ_» ∞. q+¨ µ‚â◊~° ‡, q∞„ «ÖÏÉè íO, q∞„ «Éè Ë ŒO, q„QÆ Ç¨ ÏO, ãOkè J<Õ q+Ü« ∂Å#∞,Ñ‰õ ∆ Ωefl, [O`« ∞=Ùefl áê„`«Å∞QÍ KÕã≤, q<À ŒÑ¨ Ói`«OQÍ Hõ ä ŒÅ ^•fi~å qxÑ≤Oz, hux É’kè™êÎ_» ∞.

Meaning: A sleeping lion cannot hope to get its food. Animals cannot, and will not

walk into its mouth. No man can earn or achieve without effort. A child cannot straight

away become a scholar, right at birth. The parents have to educate the child with care.

Imparting education to a growing child is the prime duty of the parents. They fail in theirduty if they do not do so.

Moral: Nothing can be achieved without effort

V

3. D~å¬ºà◊ √=Ù, AQÆ ∞áêû=O « ∞_»∞, xã¨ ûO`À+≤, „HÀ è Œ #∞_» ∞, x « ºâ◊OH˜ « ∞_» ∞ Ñ¨ ~° Éè ÏQÀºÑ¨ rqÜ« Ú ##∞"å ~å~° ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞ Œ ∞óYÉÏQÆ ∞Åx huHÀq Œ ∞Å∞ K≥ Ñ¨ C Œ ∞~° ∞.

Éè Ï=O : XHõ~° ∞ ÉÏQÆ ∞O>Ë K« ∂_»ÖËx D~å¬ºÑ~° ∞_» ∞, "Õ+OÖ’ Éè Ï+Ö’ ~À`«QÍ =ÙO_ç, ~Ú`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω Jã¨ Ç¨ ÏºOHõ eæOKÕ [QÆ ∞áêû=O`« ∞_» ∞, Uq∞zÛ<å, ZO`« ~ÚzÛ<å `« $Ñ≤ Î ÖË‰õ ΩO_® =ÙO_Õ xã¨ûO`À+≤, ZÑ¨ C_» ∞#∞HÀÑ¨O`À =ÙO_Õ „HÀ è Œ#∞_» ∞, Jxfl q+Ü« ∂ÅÖ’ ZÅ¡Ñ¨ C_» ∞ ãO^Õ Ç¨ ÏO "≥ e|∞KÕ Û x`« ºâ◊OH˜ « ∞_» ∞, XHõi™êÜ« ∞O g∞^Œ P^è •~°Ñ_ç „|kˆ H Ñ~°Éè ÏQÀºÑrq. D P~° ∞QÆ ∞~° ∞ ZÑ¨ C_» ∞ ^Œ ∞óYOÖ’ =ÙO\Ï~°x ÃÑ^Œ ÌÅ∞K≥|∞`å~° ∞.

hu : Œ ∞~° ∞æ ÏÅ∞ =^ŒÅHõáÈ`Õ ^Œ ∞óYO áêÖ∫`å~° ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : Wk q∞„`«ÖÏÉè íOÖ’x Hõ ä Œ. „ÑÜ≥ ∂[#O ÖËx ã¨O^Õ Ç¨ Å`À <À\HõOk# ‰õ Ä\x =∂#∞H˘<Õx`« º â◊OH˜ « ∞_» ∞ Œ ∞óYO áêÖ∫`å_»x ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. H˘xfl áê=Ù~åÅ∞ J_»qÖ’ ZQÆ ∞~° ∞`« ∂ =ÙO_»QÍ„HO^Œ <ÕÅ g∞^Œ H˘xfl #∂HõÅ∞ Hõ#Ñ_®¤~Ú. WO^Œ ∞Ö’ U^À "≥ ∂ã=ÚO Œx #∂HõÅHÍâ◊Ñ_»=^Œ Ìx áê=Ù~åÅ<åÜ« ∞‰õ Ω_» ∞ z„`«„w=Ù_»O\Ï_» ∞. HÍx XHõ =Úã¨ e áê=Ù~°O #qfi, =$ Œ ∞ú_≥ ·# <å =∂@ q#O_ç. J~° ÷O ÖËx

ãO^Õ Ç¨ Å‰õ Ω áÈ~Ú <À\HõOk# PÇ¨ ~åxfl =^ŒÅ∞HÀ= Œ Ìx K≥Ñ¨ Ù`« ∞Ok. D~å¬ºÑ~° ∞_» ∞, "Õ+Éè Ï+Ö’¡ ~À «QÍ=ÙO_Õ "å_» ∞, ÕxHx « $Ñ≤ ÎÑ_»x "å_» ∞, =Ú‰õ Ω¯g∞ Œ<Õ HÀÑO =ÙO_Õ "å_» ∞. W`«~° ∞ÅÃÑ· P^è •~°Ñ_ç rqOKÕ "å_» ∞,„Ñu^•xH˜ ãO^Õ Ç¨ ÏO "≥ e|∞KÕ Û"å_» ∞. ^Œ ∞óYO áêÖ∫`å~°x K≥Ñ¨ ÙÎOk.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 141

Meaning:A man full of jealousy, a man who is unkempt in appearance, always miserable,

ill-tempered, forever doubting everything and always dependent on others for his needs,

are the six types of unpleasant men can never find happiness.

Moral: An immoral man who has no control over himself can never be happy.

V

4. Z=fi_» ∞ |∞kú =∞O « ∞_À "å_» ∞ =$ Œ ∞ú_» ∞ QÍx, ÜÕ ∞O_» ∞¡ g∞i# "å_® =$ Œ ∞ú_» ∞?

Éè Ï=O : UO_» ∞¡ ÃÑ·|_ç#O «=∂„`å#, XHõ ˜ ‚ =$^Œ ∞ú_»#ÖË=Ú. Z=_≥ · Õ |∞kú=∞O`« ∞_À, J`«xfl =$ Œ ∞ú_»xÑ≤Å"åe. =$^Œ ∞ú_»O>Ë *Ï#OÖ’ =$ Œ ∞ú_» ∞ QÍx =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞ûÖ’ HÍ^Œ ∞.

hu : *Ï#=$^Œ ∞ú_Õ =$^Œ ∞ú_» ∞. "åºMÏº#O : =Úã¨ e áê=Ù~°O =∂@Å∞ qx #∂HõÅ HÀãO „HO^Œ „"åe, JHõ ¯_» "Õ@HÍ_» ∞ Ñ~° z=Ù#fl =ÅÖ’ áê=Ù~åÅ∞ z‰õ Ω¯H˘O\Ï~Ú. Jq =Úã¨ e áê=Ù~åxfl K« ∂z, h=Ù =$^Œ ∞ú_»=Ù `≥ eã≤#"å_»=x #q∞‡ h =∂@Å∞ qx, ~¸ Hõ+¨ ìO ≥K« ∞ÛH˘<åflO. Z=fi_» ∞ |∞kú=∞O`« ∞_À "å_» ∞ =$^Œ ∞ú_» ∞ QÍx, UO_» ∞¡ =zÛ#"å_» ∞=$^Œ ∞ú_» ∞ HÍ_» ∞ Jx xOk™êÎ~Ú.

Meaning: Growing in years does not always mean that a man is mature in thought.

Only a wise man, is mature in his thought and behavior. It is not with age but with

wisdom that a man’s maturity can be determined.

Moral: Only a wise man is a mature in his thinking.

V

5. « #∞fl =∂e# è Œ ~° ‡=Ú, "≥ Ú Œ Å∞K≥_» ¤ ÉË ~° =Ú.

Éè Ï=O : `«##∞ `å#∞ ~°H˜ ∆OK«∞HÀÖËx "å_» ∞, W`«~°∞Å#∞ ~°H˜∆ OK«|∂#_»O JãÅ∞ˆ H "≥ ∂ã¨O. h\Ö’=ÚxyáÈ`« ∞#fl XHõ =ºH˜ Î, hà◊ ¡Ö’ =ÚxyáÈ « ∞#fl =∞~˘Hõ =ºH˜ Îx HÍáê_»|∂#_»O W@∞=O\˜ Õ.

hu : x#∞fl h=Ù ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞HÀÖËHõáÈ`Õ, W`«~° ∞Å#∞ ~°H˜ ∆ OK«ÖË=Ù.

"åºMÏº#O : SHõ=∞ « ºO`À ã=∞~° ÷ "≥ ∞ÿ#, <åÜ« ∞Hõ « fiO`À ÑxKÕ ¿ãÎ q[Ü« ∞O Åaèã¨ ∞ÎO^Œx ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk.=Úã¨ e áê=Ù~åxfl xOkã¨ ∞Î#fl áê=Ù~åÅ`À, áê=Ù~åÅ <åÜ« ∞‰õ Ω_çÖÏ JO\Ï_» ∞. =Úã¨ e "åxx xOkOz

=ÙÑ¨Ü≥ ∂QÆ "Õ ∞=ÚOk. „Ñã¨ ∞Î « Hõ~° Î=ºO PÖ’zOK«O_ç. JO^Œ~°=Ú XHõ ¯™êiQÍ =ÅÜ≥ ∞`« ∞ÎH˘x ZyiáÈ^•O.JÑ¨ C_» ∞ áê=Ù~åÅxfl =ÅÜ≥ ∞`« ∞ÎH˘x PHÍâ◊OÖ’H ZyiáÈ~Ú, áê=Ù~åÅ <åÜ« ∞‰õ Ωx q∞„`« ∞_≥ ·# Ç≤ Ï~° º‰õ Ω_»<ÕZÅ∞Hõ ~åA HõÅ∞QÆ ∞ ^ŒQÆ æ~° PQÆ ∞`å~Ú. =Å#∞ H˘iH =ÚO Œ ∞QÍ `«# P„t`« ∞Öˇ ·# áê=Ù~åÅ#∞ q_çÑ≤Oz`«~åfi`« «##∞ q_çÑ≤OK«=∞x áê=Ù~åÅ <åÜ« ∞‰õ Ω_» ∞ ZÅ∞Hõ ~åA#∞ J_» ∞QÆ ∞`å_» ∞. JO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω, `«#∞fl=∂e#



142 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

^è Œ~° ‡O "≥ Ú^ŒÅ∞ K≥_» ¤ÉË~°O QÆÅ^• Jx, ZÅ∞Hõ~åA „Ñtfl™êÎ_» ∞. L`« Î=Ú_≥ ·#"å_» ∞. «# rq`å<≥ · fl<å =∂#∞H˘x,=∞Oz"åix ~°H˜ ∆ OK«=ÖQÆ • Jx z„`«„w=Ù_»O\Ï_» ∞. ZÅ∞Hõ~åA «# ÑO_» ¡ À =Å#∞ "≥ Ú`« ÎO H˘iH˜Jxfl áê=Ù~åÅ#∞ q_çÑ≤™êÎ_» ∞.

Meaning: If a man neglects to help himself, it is foolish to presume, that he can help

others.


Moral: If one cannot take care of himself he cannot help others.

V

6. J~° ÷ Ñ¨ iÇ‘ Ï#∞#‰õ Ω x~°O « ~° =Ú MË Œ =Ú ãÖÉè í qOK« ∞#∞. x~°O « ~° MË Œ =Ú =Å# |∞kú Ç‘ Ï# « fi=Ú „áêÑ≤ ÎOK« ∞#∞. |∞kú Ç‘ Ï# « =Å# ã¨ =∞ã¨ Î HÍ~° º=ÚÅ∞ x^•Ñ¶ ¨ ∞#nÑ¨ Ó~° =Ú Å@∞¡ q<åâ◊=Ú <˘O^Œ∞#∞. è Œ#=O «∞# ˆH áœ~°∞+¨=Ú#∞, "Õ∞^è•ãÖÑüÎÜ«Ú, |O è Œ∞q∞„ « ∞Å∞#∞ QÆÅ∞QÆ ∞ Œ∞~° ∞.

Éè Ï=O : ^è Œ#O ÖËx "åxH kQÆ ∞Å∞ Ñ@∞ì‰õ ΩO@∞Ok. kQÆ ∞Å∞ =Å¡, |∞kú #tã¨ ∞ÎOk. |∞kú #tOz#O Œ ∞=Å¡J`«_» ∞ KÕ ¿ã Ñ#∞Åhfl, "Õãq HÍÅOÖ’ U\’¡ ZO_çáÈ~Ú# hà◊ ¡ ÖÏQÍ #+¨ ì "≥ ∞ÿáÈ`å~Ú. HÍ|\˜ ì ^è Œ#=Ú#fl

"åxˆ H áœ~° ∞+O, |O^è Œ ∞=ÙÅ`À ã¨ Ç¨ Ï"åãO U~° Ê_» ∞`å~Ú. hu : '^è Œ# =¸Å q∞ ŒO [QÆ ü — Jx `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ"åe.

"åºMÏº#O : è Œ#O áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘#fl"å_» ∞, Z\˜ ì MË •xH QÆ ∞i J=Ù`å_À ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω,áê=Ù~åÅ#∞ =Å #∞O_ç «Ñ≤ ÊOz# ZÅ∞Hõ ~åA Ç≤ Ï~° º‰õ Ω_» ∞ è Œ#O áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘x ZÖÏ n#ã≤ ÷uH kQÆ*Ï~å_À~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ÅÑ¶ ¨ ÚÑ¨ «#Hõ=∞<Õ HÍH, ZÅ∞Hõ ~å*ˇ ·# Ç≤ Ï~° º‰õ Ωx, ¿ãflÇ¨ xfl HÀ~° ∞`« ∞Ok. HÍH,ZÅ∞Hõ ¿ãflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞Ö∫`å~° ∞. "åi^Œ Ì~° ∞ =∞Oz PÇ¨ ~°O ^˘iˆ H ã¨ ÷ÅOÖ’ =Ù#fl =∞O^ä Œ~° ∞_»<Õ ¿Ñ~° ∞ QÆÅ `åÉËÅ∞

=^Œ Ì‰õ Ω KÕ~° ∞H˘O\Ï~° ∞. HÍH, ZÅ∞Hõ, `åÉËÅ∞ Hõ eã≤ ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO`À rqã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~Ú. `åÉËÅ∞, ZÅ∞Hõ Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ Ñ¨ Ó~° fi =$`åÎO`åxfl J_çy `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞H˘O@∞Ok. ZÅ∞Hõ, K« ∂_®Hõ~° ∞‚_»<Õ ã<åºã≤ P„â◊=∞O ^ŒQÆ æ~° HõÅ∞QÆ ∞Ö’x=ã≤ã¨ ∞ÎO_Õk. P HõÅ∞QÆ ∞Ö’ z~°HÍÅOQÍ ãOáêkOz# PÇ¨ ~åxfl xÅ∞=KÕã¨ ∞ H˘#flk. K« ∂_®Hõ~° ∞‚_» ∞u#QÍ q∞ye# PÇ¨ ~åxfl XHõ zÅ∞Hõ H˘Ü« ∞º g∞^Œ ÃÑ>Ë ì "å_» ∞. ZÅ∞Hõ zÅ∞Hõ H˘Ü« ∞º g∞kH Zyi, PPÇ¨ ~åxfl uO@∞O_Õk. ZÅ∞Hõ‰õ Ω, JO`« ÃÑ·H Zyˆ ~ â◊H˜ Î ~å=_®xH HÍ~° O Jk HõÅ∞QÆ ∞Ö’ ‰õ Ä_»É@∞ìH˘#fl Pã≤ Î Jx „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOz# ã<åºã≤, HõÅ∞QÆ ∞#∞ „`«qfi Pã≤ Îx fã¨ ∞‰õ ΩO\Ï_» ∞. ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω =zÛ# ZÅ∞Hõ#∞ Hõ„~° ÀH˘@ìE™êÎ_» ∞. D q è ŒOQÍ Pã≤ Îx HÀÖ’Ê~Ú# ZÅ∞Hõ n#ã≤ ÷uH kQÆ*Ï~° ∞`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: A poor man is a worried man. His worry causes him anxiety and he cannot

really think clearly. As he is unable to plan properly, whatever he undertakes ends in

failure. All his attempts fail, like water in a river drying up in summer. This verse makes

it clear, that only a man, who has wealth is able to win the respect of all.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 143

Moral: Wealth is vital to live in this world.

V

7. ãO™ê~° q+ =$Hõ ∆ =Ú#‰õ Ω Ô ~O_» ∞ Ñ¶ ¨ Å=Ú Å=∞$ « « ∞Åº=ÚÅ∞. HÍ"åº=∞$ « ~°ã¨ áê#"≥ ÚHõ ¯\˜

ã¨ [˚ # ã¨OQÆ u Ü≥ ÚHõ \. Éè Ï=O : ãO™ê~° r=#=∞<Õk |Ç¨ ï HõëêìÅ`À ‰õ Ä_» ∞H˘#flk. Wk q+ =$Hõ ∆ O ÖÏO\k. J~Ú<å ^•xH˜J=∞$`«OÖÏQÍ =∞^è Œ ∞~° "≥ ∞ÿ# Ô ~O_» ∞ Ñ¶ ÖÏÅ∞<åfl~Ú. "≥ Ú^Œ\k =∞Oz Hõq`«#∞ K«kq JO^Œ e ~°™êxfl P™êfikOK«_»O, Ô ~O_»=k ã[#∞Öˇ ·# "åi`À ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO KÕÜ« ∞_»O. D Ô ~O_» ∞ =∞x+≤H =∞Ç¨ Ï^•#O^•xfl Hõ eæ™êÎ~Ú.

hu : Hõq`«Å∞ K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ, ã[#∞Å#∞ HõÅ∞ã¨ ∞HÀ.

"åºMÏº#O : `åÉËÅ∞, ã¨ Ç¨ Ï"åãO =Å¡ ã ∞Yr=<åxfl á⁄Ok# ZÅ∞Hõ, `åÉËÅ∞‰õ Ω Hõ $`«[˝ « `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∂Î,ãO™ê~° q+=$H∆ ÍxH, ã¨ « ¯q`«#∞ q#_»O, ã[#∞Å ™êOQÆ åºxfl á⁄O^Œ_»O Ô ~O_» ∞ J=∞$`« Ñ¶ ÖÏÅxK≥Ñ¨ ÙÎOk.

Meaning: Mundane existence in this world is like a tree of poison. Strangely it puts

forth two wonderful fruits as sweet as nectar. One is the ability to read and enjoy

beautiful poetry, and the other is the opportunity to have the company of good and

great men. Both give immense happiness to any human being.

Mundane existence = worldly, earthly

Puts forth = puts forward

Nectar = sweet to taste

Immense = vast, unlimited

Moral: Learn to enjoy beautiful poetry and the company of great men.

V

8. Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_≥=fi_» ∞ „HÜ« ∂=O « ∞_À "å_» ∞ q^•fiOã¨ ∞_»∞.

~ÀQÆ∞Å H“+¨ èŒ=Ú ¿Ñ~°∞ K≥Ñ≤Ê# =∂„ «=Ú# ~ÀQÆâßOu QÍÉ’ Œ∞. q"ÕHõÇ‘Ï#∞xH˜âßG*Ï˝ #=Ú „QÆ ∞_ç ¤ "åxH ã fiÇ¨ Ïã¨ Î nÑ =Ú=Ö x+ Êù Å=Ú.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 145

9. ¿ã"å=$uÎ KÕ =K« ∞Û áêÜ« ∞ã¨ =Ú HõO> ã fiK« ÛùO Œ =$uÎ KÕ ÅaèOK« ∞ QÆOl "Õ ∞Å∞.

Éè Ï=O : ¿ã=‰õ Ω_» ∞QÍ ÑxKÕã≤ ãOáêkOK« ∞‰õ Ω#fl áêÜ« ∞ãO HõO>Ë ã¨ fi`«O„ «OQÍ rqOz ãOáêkOz#QÆOl "Õ ∞Å∞.

hu : h HÍà◊ §ÃÑ· h=Ù xÅ|_» ∞. "åºMÏº#O : ã fiK« ÛùO^Œ =$uÎ, ¿ã"å=$uÎ HõO>Ë Q˘Ñ¨ Ê^Œx ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. Wk q∞„`«ÉË è ŒOÖ’x Hõ ä Œ.Ñ≤OQÆà◊‰õ Ω_»<Õ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO J_»qH ~åA. P ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO XHõ ~ÀA XHõ Z Œ ∞Ì ~°OÔ H qx, Z=~À «#‰õ Ω „Ñ`« ºi÷QÍ=KåÛ_»x Éè íÜ« ∞Ñ_» ∞`« ∞Ok. Hõ~°@Hõ ^Œ=∞#‰õ ΩÅ<Õ Ô ~O_» ∞ #Hõ ¯Å∞, ã≤OÇ¨ xH P Éè íÜ« ∞O áÈQ˘\˜ ì J`«xH˘Å∞=ÙÖ’ L^ÀºQÆO ãOáêkOKåÅx PÖ’z™êÎ~Ú. Hõ~°@‰õ Ω_» ∞ ^Œ=∞#‰õ Ωx`À '~åAÅ#∞ #=∞‡‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞Hõ_» ∞Ñ¨ Ù ‰õ Ä\ HÀãO =∞# â◊s~åÅ#∞ Ñ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω J=Ú‡H˘#_»O ¿ÇÏÜ« ∞"≥ ∞ÿ# Ñx. Ñ~° ∞Å‰õ Ω ¿ã= KÕ ¿ãÎ =KÕ ÛáêÜ« ∞ãO Hõ<åfl, ã¨ fiÜ« ∞OQÍ „â◊q∞Oz PiOK« ∞‰õ Ω<Õ QÆOl "Õ ∞Å∞— Jx K≥Ñ¨ ÙÎOk.

Meaning: A man may earn rich delicacies to eat, by serving a master. Humble food

earned with independent effort can taste much better and is to be preferred.

Moral: Standing on one’s own feet is always a better choice.

V

10. L^ÀºyH ^Œ∂~°Éèí∂q∞Ü«Ú, q^•fiOã∞#‰õΩ |~°^Õâ◊=Ú#∞, „aÜ«∞"åkH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù#∞ ÖË xÜ« ∞@∞¡ |∞kú =∞O « ∞#‰õ ™ê è Œ º "≥ ÚHõ \ ÖË Œ ∞.

Éè Ï=O : ^Œ ∂~°O J#‰õ ΩO_» L^ÀºQÆO ZHõ ¯_» =ÙO>Ë JHõ ¯_çH L^Àºy "≥o¡ `«# q è Œ ∞efl x~° fiÇ≤ ÏOK«QÆÅ_» ∞.q^•fiOã¨ ∞_» ∞ U ^ÕâßxH áÈ~Ú<å JHõ ¯_» `«# q Œ º`À K«ÖÏ=∞ J=Ù`å_» ∞. „Ñ≤Ü« ∞OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_Õ "åxH˜â◊„`« ∞=ÙÅ∞O_»~° ∞. JÖÏˆ Q |∞kú=∞O`« ∞xH J™ê^è Œ ºO J<Õk LO_» Œ ∞.

hu : JO Œ~° ∂ |∞kú=∞O`« ∞Öˇ · Jxfl\h ™êkèOK« ∞HÀ"åe.

"åºMÏº#O : |∞kú=∞O`« ∞xH J™ê^è Œ ºO J<Õk =ÙO_» Œx ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ~å[¿ã= KÕÜ« ∂Å#∞H˘#fl ^Œ=∞#‰õ Ω_» ∞, Hõ~°@‰õ Ωx`À, ~å[¿ã=‰õ Ω HÍ=Åã≤# J~° ›`«Å#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ ~ÚÖÏ K≥áêÎ_» ∞. L^ÀºyH ^Œ ∂~°Éè í ∂q∞ÖË Œ ∞. q^•fiOã¨ ∞xH Ñ~° Õâ◊=Ú ÖË Œ ∞. „Ñ≤Ü« ∞OQÍ =∂\Ï¡_Õ "åxH â◊„`« ∞=Ù ÖË_» ∞. |∞kú=∞O « ∞xH J™ê è Œ º"≥ ∞ÿ#kUn ÖË Œ ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì =∞#O ~åA J#∞„QÆ Ç¨ ÏO ãOáêkOz, J`«x H˘Å∞=ÙÖ’ KÕ~° •O JO\Ï_» ∞.

Meaning: A Man pursuing his duties as an employee does not mind the distance to

place he has to work in, be it near, or be it far. A learned and a skilled man is happy

wherever his expertise is admired and honoured, anywhere in the world. A person,who has love in his heart and speech, has no enemy anywhere. Nothing is impossible to

an intelligent man.



146 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Moral: All should learn and acquire sharp skills in grasping, thinking and reasoning,

that is, the skills of the intellect, and achieve all that they set out to do.

V

11. |Çï^Õâß@#O|∞#∞, |Çï„â◊√`«∞Å `À_» x~°O`«~° ™êOQÆ «ºO|∞#∞, QÍ=º âßG qKå~°O|∞#∞ ~å*Ï™ê÷ #O|∞Å |Ç¨ ïHÍÅ¿ã=#O|∞ |∞~° ∞+¨ µ# Ô H\˜ ì "åxˆ Hx q"ÕHõO|∞ Ñ¨ Ù\˜ ìOÑ ã =∞~° ÷O|∞Å~Ú Ü« ÚO_» ∞.

Éè Ï=O : |Ç¨ ï^ÕâßÅÖ’ Ñ~° º\˜OK« ∞@ =Å¡, ã~° fiAÖˇ ·# xÑ¨ Ù∞Å`À ™êOQÆ « ºO U~° Ê~° ∞K« ∞H˘#flO^Œ ∞=Å¡HÍ"åºÅ#∞, âß¢™êÎÅ#∞ K« Œ ∞=Ù@ =Å¡, ~åAÅ P™ê÷<åÅÖ’ KåÖÏHÍÅO ¿ã= KÕÜ« ∞_»O =Å¡ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_≥\˜ì

"å_≥ ·<å q"ÕHõ=O « ∞_Ò`å_» ∞.

hu : XHõ "Õ ∞^è •q`À ãOÉè Ï+¨ , "Õ~Ú „QÆO^ä •Å Ñ~î °#O`À ã=∂#O.

"åºMÏº#O : Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_Õ q^è ŒOQÍ q"ÕHõ=O « ∞_Ò`å_À ~ÚHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ^Œ=∞#‰õ Ω_» ∞ J_»qH ~å*ˇ ·#ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω "≥o§, ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ ~å[ºáêÅ##∞ á⁄QÆ_» ∞`å_» ∞. `«##∞ `«# q∞„`« ∞x Hõ~°@‰õ ΩxH˘Å∞fiÖ’ KÕ~° ∞ÛH˘O>Ë, ~°OÔ H"Õã≤# P [O`« ∞=Ù‰õ Ω ~åA‰õ Ω ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO U~° Ê~° ∞™êÎ=∞x K≥áêÎ_» ∞. P ãO^Œ~° ƒùOQÍ^Œ=∞#‰õ Ω_» ∞ ~åA`À |Ç¨ ï^ÕâßÅ∞ u~° ∞QÆ ∞@ =Å¡ ÑO_ç « ∞Å`À ã¨ Ç¨ Ï"åãO KÕÜ« Ú@ =Å¡, HÍ"åºÅ#∞,âß¢™êÎÅ#∞ K« Œ ∞=Ù@ =Å¡, ~å*Ï™ê÷<åÅÖ’ KåÅ HÍÅO ¿ã=ÅOkOK« ∞@ =Å¡ Z@∞=O\ "åxÔ H·# q"ÕHõO

HõÅ∞æ « ∞Ok. Jk ÖËx"å_» ∞ ÉÏqÖ’x HõÑ¨ ÊÖÏO\ "å_» ∞, Jx q#flq™êÎ_» ∞. D q^è ŒOQÍ ã≤OÇ¨ xH `å=Úq"ÕHõ=O « ∞Å=∞x K≥Ñ≤ Ê =∞Oz KÕã¨ ∞H˘x Hõ~°@Hõ ^Œ=∞#‰õ ΩÅ∞ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO H˘Å∞=ÙÖ’ KÕiáÈ`å~° ∞.

Meaning: A man who has travelled widely and has spent much time in the company of

highly educated and skilled men of fame, one who has read all the texts, scriptures and

literature, or one who has served for a long time in the courts of kings, is bound to

emerge as very wise and shrewd man, no matter who he is or how he has been in his

early life.

Shrewd = sharp, intelligent

Moral: Conversation with a profound scholar is eual to reading a thousand books.

V

12. ‰õΩ\˜ ì # Õ ÅO„_» ∞, ‰õ Ω@ì‰õ Ω#fl QÆ ∞=∞‡~° Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞=O„_» ∞ QÍ ≥?

Éè Ï=O : `ÕÅ∞, ‰õ Ω=∞‡i Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞ Xˆ HÖÏQÍ HõxÊ™êÎ~Ú. U ≥ · Õ ‰õ Ω@∞ì « ∞O^À ^•xx `ÕÅO\Ï~° ∞. U^≥ · Õ‰õ Ω@ìÖË À •xx ‰õ Ω=∞‡i Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆO\Ï~° ∞. JÖÏˆ Q Z=_≥ · Õ ã=∞ã¨ º#∞ Z^Œ ∞~˘¯O\Ï_À J`« ˜ ‚ ã=∞~° ∞÷_»O\Ï~° ∞.Z^Œ ∞~À¯ÖËx"å˜ ‚ Jã=∞~° ∞÷_»O\Ï~° ∞.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 147

hu : |∞ã¨ ∞û=∞O>Ë<Õ áê=Ú#∞ QÆ ∞iÎ™êÎ~° ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : |Å=O`« ∞_≥ ·Ü« ÚO_ç, |ÅO „Ñ¨ Œi≈OK«x g~° ∞˜ ‚ Ö’HõO ZÖÏ K« ∞ÅHõ#QÍ K« ∂ã¨ ∞ÎO^À ~ÚHõ ¯_»K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. L^•Ç¨ Ï~° ‰õ Ω XHõ Hõ ä Œ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. XHõ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO J_»qÖ’x [O « ∞=Ùefl, ~Úëêì#∞™ê~°OQÍK«OÑ≤ uO@∞Ok. JO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω Éè íÜ« ∞Ñ_ç# [O`« ∞=ÙÅ∞, ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω "≥o§, =O`« ∞Å „ÑHÍ~°O XH˘¯Hõ ¯

=∞$QÍxfl ã≤OÇ¨ xH PÇ¨ ~°OQÍ XH˘¯Hõ ¯ ~ÀA ÑOÑ≤OKÕO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω XÑ¨ ÊO^ŒO KÕã¨ ∞H˘<åfl~Ú. P =O`« ∞ XHõ<å_» ∞XHõ ‰õ ΩO^ÕÅ∞‰õ Ω =zÛOk. P ‰õ ΩO^ÕÅ∞ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO ÉÏi #∞O_ç `«Ñ≤ ÊOK« ∞HÀ=_®xH LáêÜ« ∞O PÖ’zOz,ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO ^ŒQÆ æ~°‰õ Ω KåÖÏ PÅã¨ ºOQÍ "≥à◊ √ÎOk. JÑ¨ C_» ∞ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏO HÀÑ¨O`À =∞O_ç Ñ¨_ç ~ÚÖÏ JO@∞Ok.<Õ#∞ =∞$QÍÅ g∞ Œ ^ŒÜ« ∞^ŒÅz =O « ∞Å „ÑHÍ~°O PÇ¨ ~°O ÑOÑ≤OKÕO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω XÑ¨ CH˘<åfl#∞. Jk <å|ÅÇ‘ Ï#`«QÍ «Åz h=Ù PÅã¨ ºOQÍ =KåÛ=Ù. WHõ =ÚO Œ ∞ [O`« ∞=Ùefl <å ~Úëêì#∞™ê~°O K«OÑ≤ uO\Ï#∞,'‰õ Ω\˜ ì Õ `ÕÅ∞, ‰õ Ω@ì‰õ ΩO>Ë ‰õ Ω=∞‡iÑ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞— Jx ##∞fl K« ∞ÅHõ#QÍ K« ∂z#O^Œ ∞‰õ Ω q∞=∞‡efl tH˜ ∆ ™êÎ#∞ Jx‰õ ΩO^ÕÅ∞ÃÑ· ^Œ ∂‰õ Ω`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: A scorpion and a beetle look alike. The one that stings is known as a scorpion

and the one that does not, is known as a beetle. Similarly a man who courageously

solves his problems is known as an achiever and a successful man, and the one who is

unable to face and solve his problems is known as a failure in life.

Moral: Only if a creature hisses, it can be recognized as a snake.

V

13. 'â◊ s~° =∂ Œ ºO YÅ∞ è Œ ~° ‡™ê è Œ #— =∞‡x „áêA˝ Å∞ =HÍ¯O « ∞~°∞. Éè í $ « ∞ºO_» ∞ ™êfiq∞HÍ~° º Ç≤ Ï « „áê∞O_»Ü≥ ∞º<Õ x <åHõ Ö’Hõã¨ ∞YO |#∞Éè í qOK« ∞#∞.

Éè Ï=O : â◊s~°O =Ù#flk è Œ~å‡xfl ™êkèOK«_®xˆ H. XHõ ¿ã=‰õ Ω_» ∞ qâßfiãO`À Ü« ∞[=∂x Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ HÍ~åºxfl x~° fiÇ≤ ÏOK« ∞@Ö’ „áêÏÅ∞ HÀÖ’Ê`Õ J`«xH ã¨ fi~° æ „áêÑ≤ Î Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk. JO>Ë ^è Œ~° ‡ ™ê^è Œ#Ô H· `«# â◊s~åxfl `åºQÆO KÕã≤#"å_» ∞ Ö’HÍxH P~å^è Œ ∞º_Ò`å_» ∞.

hu : ™êfiq∞ HÍ~åºxÔ H· â◊s~° `åºQÆO KÕã≤#"å_» ∞ K«i`å~° ∞÷_» ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ~å[Éè íH˜ Îx QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. =∂#=Ù_» ∞ ~åA‰õ Ω ¿ã= KÕÜ« Ú@Ö’, `«# â◊s~åxfl ^è Œ~° ‡ ™ê^è Œ#OQÍ LÑÜ≥ ∂yOKåe. „áê åºQÍxH ã≤ Œ ú Ñ_®e. JÑ¨ C_Õ J`«x [#‡ ™ê~° ÷Hõ=∞ø`« ∞Ok.

Meaning: This human body has been given to man to serve the cause of the right and

the just. When a man serves his master faithfully and were to lose his life in this service,

he is sure to go straight to heaven. Thus a man who has sacrificed his life for the sake of duty, is a man who has died for what is right. Such a man is loved and honoured by all.

Moral: Any man, who sacrifices his life while serving his master, is remembered forever

as a hero.

V



148 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

14. J~° ÷O|∞ ãHõ Å Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞ëê~° ÷ ™ê èŒ #O|∞, è Œ #=Ú#‰õ Ω Œ ∞™êû è Œ ºO ÉÁHõ¯O_» ∞ ÖË Œ∞. Ö’‰õ ΩÅ∞‰õ ΩÅq^•º ~°∂ÑQÆ∞ qÇ‘Ï#∞<Õx èŒ #=O «∞x ã¨~°fi ãOÑ¨ #∞flO_» x =z~ÚO «∞~° ∞.ãHõ Å Œ ∞i «O|∞Å‰õ Ω •i„ Œ ºO|∞OÉ’Ö ãHõ Å Œ ∞i « Hõ ∆ Ñ¨ O|∞#‰õ Ω #~° ÷O|∞ x^•#O|∞.

Éè Ï=O : ^è Œ#O =Å¡ =∂#=Ù_» ∞ ^è Œ~å‡~° ÷ HÍ=∞ "≥ ∂Hõ ∆ =ÚÅ<Õ <åÅ∞æ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞ëê~å÷Å#∞ ™êkèOK«QÆÅ_» ∞. ^è Œ<åxH˜

™ê^è Œ ºO HÍx^Õn ÖË Œ ∞. ‰õ ΩÅO, q^Œ º, ~° ∂ÑO, QÆ ∞O ÖËHõáÈ~Ú<å ^è Œ#O =Ù#fl"åxfl Ö’‰õ ΩÅ∞ Q˘Ñ Ê"åxQÍ=i‚™êÎ~° ∞.

hu : ^è Œ#O ã~åfi~° ÷ ™ê^è Œ#O.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ^è Œ#O Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ „áê^è •<åºxfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ^è Œ#O =Å¡ =∂#=Ù_» ∞ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞ëê~å÷Å#∞ ™êkèOK«QÆÅ_» ∞. ‰õ ΩÅO, q^Œ º, ~° ∂ÑO, QÆ ∞O ÖË‰õ Ω<åfl ^è Œ#O LO>Ë J`« ˜ ‚ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê"åxQÍH©iÎOK«_»O Ö’Hõsu.

Meaning: Wealth helps win everything in life. Nothing remains impossible, when one

has wealth. He may have nothing else, of note like noble birth, caste, education, beauty

or character, but still he is honoured by all because of his riches. Poverty remains the

root cause of all misery, and wealth remains the cause of removing all misery.

Moral: There is nothing in life that wealth cannot achieve.

V

15. ã¨ [˚ #∞Å`À_ç ã¨ d « fiO|∞ ãOÉè Ï+¨ =∂„ «ã≤ Œ úO|∞

Éè Ï=O : ˆ H=ÅO =∂\Ï¡_» ∞@ =Å¡<Õ ã[#∞Å∞ ¿ãflÇ≤ Ï`« ∞Ö∫`å~° ∞.

hu : XHõ ¯ =∂@`À h=Ù ã[# ™êOQÆ åºxfl á⁄O^ŒQÆÅ=Ù.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ã[# ™êOQÆ åºxfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ã[#∞Öˇ ·#"å~° ∞ HõÅ¡ HõÑ@O ÖËx x~° ‡Å Ç¨ Ï$^ŒÜ« ∞O Hõ eæ =ÙO\Ï~° ∞. ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO HÀi =zÛ# "åiH XHõ ¯ ãOÉè Ï+¨ `À `«=∞ ™êOQÆ åºxfl JOk™êÎ~° ∞.

Meaning: Just by speaking to good people, it is possible to strike a friendship. They

extend their hand of friendship to all who seek it, with a warm heart.

Moral: Very little effort is needed to win the bond of friendship with a man of good

character.

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 149

16. "≥ ÚQÆ ∞Å∞ h~° ∞ #q∞‡, K≥ ~° ∞=Ù h~° ∞ áê~° [e¡OK« ∞#O « \ |∞kú =∞O « ∞_çO ≥ "åfi_» ∞#∞ ÖË_» ∞.

Éè Ï=O : PHÍâ◊OÖ’x "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’ h~° ∞#∞ #=Ú‡H˘x, K≥~° ∞=ÙÖ’x hà◊ §#∞ |∞kú=∞O`« ∞_≥ ·# "å_≥=fi_» ∞ áê~°[e¡OK«_» ∞.

hu : TÇ¨ ÏÅ∞ P^è •~°OQÍ x~° ‚Ü« ∂Å∞ fã¨ ∞HÀ‰õ Ä_» Œ ∞.

"åºMÏº#O : "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’ =Ù#fl hà◊ §#∞ #q∞‡, K≥~° ∞=ÙÖ’x hà◊ §#∞ áê~°[Å¡_»O, Ö’Hõ*Ï#O =Ù#fl"å_» ∞KÕÜ« ∞_» ∞.

Meaning: No one should let the water out of the lake to his fields, presuming that the

overcast sky will rain and fill the tank.

Moral: Never act on presumption.

V

17. 'ãÊ $tOK«∞K«∞<≥ kfiÑO|∞#∞, <å„Ñ¶∂OK«∞K«∞<≥ Ü«Ú~°QÆO|∞#∞, áêeOK«∞K«∞<Õ #$áêÅ∞O_» ∞#∞, #=ÙfiK« ∞<≥ Œ ∞~° ˚ #∞O_» ∞#∞, Ç≤ ÏOã≤O « ∞—~° x qK«Hõ ∆ ∞Å∞ Ñ¨ Å∞‰õ Ω Œ ∞~° ∞.

Éè Ï=O : H=ÅO `˘O_»O`À å‰õ Ω@ =Å¡ U#∞QÆ ∞, "åã# K« ∂K« ∞@ =Å¡ áê=Ú, ~å*Ïºxfl áêeã¨ ∂Î<Õ ~åA,#=Ùfi « ∂<Õ Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æ_» ∞ W`«~° ∞Å#∞ Ç≤ ÏOã≤™êÎ~°x q+Ü« ∞AÅ∞ K≥|∞`å~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì ÃÑ· "åiH Œ ∂~°OQÍ =ÙO_ç=∞#efl =∞#O ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞HÀ"åe.

hu : ÃÑ·H HõxÑ≤OK«‰õ ΩO_® Ç≤ ÏOã≤OK«QÆ ey# "å~° ∞<åfl~° ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : kfiÑO|∞ ´ U#∞QÆ ∞† L~°QÆO|∞ ´ áê=Ú† #$áêÅ∞_» ∞ ´ ~åA

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ‰õ Ω„@^•~° ∞Öˇ ·# ^Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æÅ#∞ QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. U#∞QÆ ∞ n~° … "≥ ∞ÿ# `«# `˘O_»O`À^Œ ∂~°O #∞O_ç XHõ K≥@∞ì#∞ ÃÑHõ eOK«QÆÅ^Œ ∞. q+ã~° ÊO "åã#`À Z Œ ∞\ „áêx QÆ ∞iÎOz `«# <åÅ∞Hõ Àqëêxfl K« e¡ K«OÑQÆÅ^Œ ∞. JÖÏˆ Q Œ ∞~å‡~° ∞æ_≥ ·# ~åA ‰õ Ω„@Ñxfl, ~° Ç¨ Ïã¨ ºOQÍ «# „Ñ¨ « º~° ∞÷Å#∞ =∞@∞ì ÃÑ_®Î_» ∞.

Meaning: Evil men scheme and destroy those who oppose them. An elephant can use

its trunk to strike. The snake can use its sense of smell and strike. A king may appear to

be a benevolent ruler but remove those who oppose him ruthlessly and a sadist can

torture someone with a smile on his face. Wisdom lies in keeping a distance from them.

Moral: There are people who can destroy without appearing to do so.

V



150 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

18. Ñ¨O_ç# =$Hõ ∆O|∞ K«O^ŒO|∞#, ã¨[˚#∞O_»∞ =OyÜ«ÚO_»∞#∞. =¸~°∞öO_»∞,â◊ √+¨ ¯HÍ+¨ ìO|∞O|Öˇ, Éè Ë Œ ∞ºO _»QÆ ∞OQÍx, #„=ÚO_» ∞ QÍ<Õ ~°_» ∞.

Éè Ï=O : ã[#∞_≥ ·#"å_» ∞ ÑO_» ¡ Éè Ï~°O`À =Oy# K≥@∞ì ÖÏQÍ #„=∞`« À =ÙO\Ï_» ∞. =¸~° ∞ö_» ∞ ZO_» ∞Hõ>ˇ ìÖÏQÍ xQÆ ∞_» ∞H˘x, QÆ~° fiO`À =ÙO\Ï_» ∞. J`«_» ∞ ≥|ƒ «ye#Ñ¨ C_» ∞ =OQÆ_» ∞. ZO_» ∞Hõ>ˇ ìÖÏQÍ qiyáÈ`å_» ∞.

hu : q#Ü« ∞O ™ê^è Œ ∞ ÅHõ ∆ O. QÆ~° fiO ^Œ ∞~° # ÅHõ ∆ O.

"åºMÏº#O : ã[#∞Å‰õ Ω, Œ ∞~° #∞Å‰õ Ω QÆÅ Éè Ë ŒO WHõ ¯_» K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. ã[#∞_» ∞ J‰õ Ω=`À =ÙO_ç ã=∞ã¨ ºÅÑiëê¯~åxH Ñ@∞ìq_» ∞Ñ¨ Ù K« ∂Ñ≤™êÎ_» ∞. ^Œ ∞~° #∞_» ∞ JÇ¨ ÏOHÍ~°O`À Ñ@∞ì=^ŒÅ‰õ ΩO_®, áÈ~å_ç, ã=∞ã¨ ºÖ’¡

z‰õ Ω¯Ñ_ç <åâ◊#"≥ ∞ÿáÈ`å_» ∞.

Meaning: A good and an honourable man is humble and gentle like a tree bent with

the weight of its fruit. A foolish proud man stands erect like a dried stick. He cannot

withstand a blow, and breaks easily as any dry stick would.

Moral: Humility is the quality of a true gentleman, while pride is the quality of a

scoundrel.

Humility = modesty

Scoundrel = A man who has no good qualities

V

19. 'K≥ eq∞"≥ ∞ÿ KÕ Œ ∞ "Õ ∞Ñ≤OÑ¨ =K« ∞ÛO QÍx, |eq∞ "≥ ∞~ÚOáêÅ∞ „^•qOÑ ~å Œ ∞—.

Éè Ï=O : ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏOQÍ =ÙO>Ë, XHõi KÕ « KÕ Œ ∞#∞ uxÑ≤OK«=K« ∞Û. |Å=O`«OQÍ áêÅ#∞ ‰õ Ä_® „`åyOK«ÖË~° ∞.

hu : ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO`À U^≥ ·<å KÕ~ÚOK«=K« ∞Û.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê`«<åxfl QÆ ∂iÛ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. |Å=O «OQÍ, XHõi KÕ`« áêÅ#∞‰õ Ä_» „`åyOK«ÖË~° ∞. ¿ãflÇ¨ ÏO`À KÕ Œ ∞#∞ QÆ ∂_» uxÑ≤OK«=K« ∞Û. K≥ eq∞Ü« ∞#flk "≥ÅÖËx Hõ eq∞. ^•xx„Ñu"å_» ∞ Hõ eæÜ« ÚO_®e.

Meaning: A person may be persuaded to eat something which is bitter to taste, if it is

given in a loving, caring manner; but it is impossible to make someone drink even milk,

by force.

Moral: A friendly and warm approach can persuade a person to do whatever is desired.

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 151

20. "åÑ‘‰õÄÑO|∞Å∞#∞, `«\ÏHõO|∞Å∞#∞, `«~°∞q=~°O|∞Å∞#∞ <≥=fi~°∞ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ <å„Hõ q∞OK« ∞H˘O Œ ∞~À <å\H "åiq QÍx Ü≥ ∞Å¡HÍÅ=Ú „Ñ¨ Õ ºHõ =ÚQÍ <˘Hõ i ™⁄ « ∞Î Å∞QÍ=Ù.

Éè Ï=O : h\ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞, K≥~° ∞=ÙÅ∞, K≥@∞ì `˘„~°Å∞ Z=~° ∞ =ÚO^Œ ∞QÍ P„Hõq∞OK« ∞‰õ ΩO>Ë P<å\˜ ˆ H "åiq.

ZÅ¡HÍÅO "åi ™⁄`« ∞ÎÅ∞ HÍ=Ù. "å\x H˘O Œ~° ∞ =^Œ e"≥o¡ Õ, "Õ ˆ ~"åà◊ √§ =zÛ P„Hõq∞OK« ∞H˘O\Ï~° ∞. hu : L#flO « ¿ã¿Ñ, L#fl"åxk ~ÚÅ∞¡.

J~å÷ Å∞ : "åÑ≤ ´ #_»ÉÏq† ‰õ ÄÑO|∞ #∞~Úº† «\ÏHõO|∞ ´ K≥~° ∞=Ù† «~° ∞q=~°O|∞Å∞ K≥@∞ì ˘„~°Å∞

"åºMÏº#O : Éè í ∂q∞ ÖË • ~ÚÅ∞¡ =O\ Pã¨ ∞ÎÅ#∞ Z=~° ∞ =ÚO^Œ ∞QÍ P„Hõq∞OK« ∞H˘O\Ï~À "åiˆ H P<å\H˜™⁄O`«=∞ø`å~Ú. "å~° ∞ "å\˜x =^Œ e"≥o§`Õ, "≥O@<Õ, "Õ~˘Hõ~° ∞ P„Hõq∞OK« ∞H˘O\Ï~° ∞. Wk Ö’HõOÖ’

J#∞Éè í=OÖ’ =Ù#fl q+Ü« ∞O.Meaning: Whether they are wells, ponds or the hollows of trees, only the first occupants

have the right of ownership over them but only temporarily. They cannot ever keep

them permanently. When the present owners move away others occupy them.

Moral: Ownership over anything can be only temporary.

V

21. ™êfi„t`å=#ã¨ "≥ ∂ # Ç≤ Ï è Œ ~° ‡=∞x "Õ Œ =ÚÅ∞ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞’+≤OK« ∞#∞ QÆ ^•? HÍ|\˜ ì Ü« ∂„t « ~°Hõ ∆ =Ú#‰õ Ω ã¨ =∂#=∞~Ú# è Œ ~° ‡=Ú =∞iÜ≥ ÚHõ \ ÖË Œ ∞.

Éè Ï=O : «##∞ P„â◊~ÚOz# "åix ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞@ HõO> q∞Oz# è Œ~° ‡O "Õ~˘Hõ\ ÖË Œx "Õ •Å∞ K≥|∞ « ∞<åfl~Ú.P ^è Œ~å‡xfl JO^Œ~° ∞ áê\˜OKåe.

hu : P„â◊~ÚOz# "åxH JÉè íÜ« ∞O W=fi@O h Hõ~° Î=ºO. "åºMÏº#O : '™êfi„t`å=#ã¨ "≥ ∂#Ç≤ Ï ^è Œ~° ‡ó— Jx "Õ •Å∞ Ñ¶ ¨ ∞’+≤ã¨ ∞Î<åfl~Ú. JO>Ë PÑ^ŒÖ’ =ÙO_ç P„â◊Ü« ∞OHÀi# "åix ~°H˜ ∆ OK«_»O`À ã=∂#"≥ ∞ÿ# ^è Œ~° ‡O =∞~˘Hõ\ ÖË Œ ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì P ^è Œ~å‡xfl =∞#O áê\OKåe.

Meaning: A person is honour bound to offer protection to anyone who seeks his

help. There can be no greater act of virtue than this. The Vedas have laid down this

tenet.

Moral: It is the duty of a person of honour to give protection to anyone who asksfor it.

V



152 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

22. ^ÕÇ¨Ï=ÚÅ∞ |∞^Œ∞ƒ^Œ „Ñ¨u=∞O|∞Å∞† Ñ¨~°∞==Ú ¿Ñ¶#ã¨^Œ$â◊O|∞† ã¨OÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ « \˜ K« ÛOK« ÅO|∞Å∞† JÅOHÍ~°O|∞Å∞ aè uÎ z„ «O|∞Å∞† •~° Ñ¨ Ù„`å Œ ∞ÖÏâ◊ ‡âß#QÆ =∞#∞Å∞QÍx Ü« ∂ Ñ ~Úx =K« ∞Û"å~° ∞ HÍ~° ∞† è Œ ~° ‡"≥ ÚHõ ¯\ÜÕ ∞ `À_» =zÛ « #∞fl QÍK« ∞#k.

Éè Ï=O : â◊s~åÅ∞ QÍe |∞_»QÆÅ ÖÏO\q. Jq Ü≥ ∞Ñ¨ C_À ÑyeáÈ`å~Ú. „áêÜ« ∞O h\˜ ÃÑ· #∞~° ∞QÆ ∞ÖÏO\˜k.

L#fl@∞ìO_ç =∂Ü« ∞"≥ ∞ÿáÈ`« ∞Ok. ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞OÖ’x "≥ ∞~° ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖÏ¡QÍ `«à◊ √‰õ Ω¯=∞x Hõ ∆ HÍÅO "≥ ∞~° ∞™êÎ~Ú.=∞#O KÕã¨ ∞H˘<Õ JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ QÀ_» g∞ Œ ÉÁ=∞‡ÅÖÏO\q. ZÑ¨ C_À =∂ã≤áÈ`å~Ú. Éè Ï~åº Ñ¨ Ù„`« ∞Å∞=∞#O K«xáÈ~Ú#Ñ C_» ∞ =∞# â◊=O "≥O|_ç ã¨ ‡âß#O ^•HÍ =™êÎ~° ∞. =∞#O KÕã≤# ^è Œ~° ‡O =∂„`« "Õ ∞=∞~° Ï#O`«~°O =∞# "≥O@ =ÙO@∞Ok. JO Œ ∞=Å¡ =∞#O è Œ~å‡xfl PK«iOKåe.

hu : h "≥O@ =KÕ Ûk, h=Ù KÕã≤# ^è Œ~° ‡"≥ ÚHõ ¯>Ë.

J~å÷ Å∞ : |∞^Œ ∞ƒ^Œ„Ñu=∞O|∞Å∞ ´ h\˜|∞_»QÆÅ∞† ¿Ñ¶#ã¨ Œ $â◊O|∞ ´ #∞~° ∞QÆ ∞`À ã=∂#O† «\˜ ü ´q^Œ ∞ºÅ¡ « † aèuÎ ´ QÀ_» † ^•~° ´ Éè Ï~° º.

"åºMÏº#O : =∂#=Ù_» ∞ =∞~° Oz# `«~åfi`«, J «xx ã¨ ‡âß<åxH fã¨ ∞H˘x áÈÜÕ ∞@Ñ¨ C_» ∞, |O^è Œ ∞=ÙÅ∞q∞„`« ∞Å∞ `«k`«~° ∞Å∞ ã¨ ‡âß#O =~° ˆ H "≥O@ =™êÎ~° ∞. `«~åfi`« J`« ˜ ‚ Ö’HõO =∞~° záÈ`« ∞Ok. J`«_» ∞ KÕã≤#=∞OzÑ#∞ÖË "≥ ∞ÿ<å =ÙO>Ë, "åx<Õ Ö’‰õ ΩÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞ÎOK« ∞H˘O\Ï~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì =∞#O rq «OÖ’ =∞Ozx PK«iOKåe.

Meaning: Human lives are like air bubbles which are bound to burst at any moment.

Youth is like the foam on the surface of water. It can vanish easily. Wealth is like the

momentary flash of lightning in the clouds. All pomp and show can fade away likepictures on a wall. A dead man’s wife and children follow him only up to the grave. Only

the good that a man has done during his lifetime remains with him after death. All should

remember that a noble life lived, leaves its imprint on time forever.

Vanish= disappear

Moral: Only the memory of one’s righteous acts remains after one is dead.

V

23. ã¨ ^•~°O„ è •<Õ fi+¨ "Õ ∞ Ñ¨ xQÍ ‰õ Ω\˜ ÅQÆ ux =iÎOK« ∞ áêÑ¨ *ÏuH Z@∞ì ŒÜ« ∞Ñ¨ Ù@∞ì #∞?

Éè Ï=O : áê=ÚÅ∞ ZÑ¨ C_» ∞#∞ ~°O„^è •Å∞ "≥ Œ ∞‰õ Ω¯O@∂ =OHõ~°\OHõ~°QÍ Ñ~° ∞Ô Q`« ∞Î « ∞O\Ï~Ú. "å\H ŒÜ« ∞=ÙO_» Œ ∞. JÖÏˆ Q ‰õ Ω\Å∞Öˇ ·# "å~° ∞ =∞#Ö’ `«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ "≥ « ∞‰õ Ω`« ∂ J^è Œ~° ‡ =∂~° æOÖ’ #_» ∞ã¨ ∞ÎO\Ï~° ∞. "åiH˜

=∞#ÃÑ· ^ŒÜ« ∞ =ÙO_» Œ ∞. =∞#‰õ Ω JÑHÍ~°O KÕÜ« ∞_®xH „ÑÜ« ∞ufl™êÎ~° ∞. hu : ^Œ ∞~° #∞Å‰õ Ω `«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ Ñ@ì_» "Õ ∞ Ñx.

J~å÷ Å∞ : áêÑ*Ïu ´ áê=ÚÅ *Ïu† ~°O„^è •<Õ fi+¨ =Ú ´ ~°O„ è •Å#∞ "≥ ŒHõ@O



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 153

"åºMÏº#O : ZÑ¨ C_» ∞ `«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ Ñ>Ë ì "åix QÆ ∂iÛ ~ÚK« Û@ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. áê=ÚÅ∞ =OHõ~° \OHõ~°QÍ„ÑÜ« ∂™êÎ~Ú. ŒÜ« ∞ÖË‰õ ΩO_®, q+Ñ¨ Ù HÍ@∞"Õã≤ r=Ùefl K«OÑ¨ Ù`å~Ú. J^Õ q^è ŒOQÍ ‰õ Ω\˜Å „Ñ=~° Î#∞Ö ·#"å~° ∞,=∞#Ö’ `«Ñ¨ CÅ∞ "≥ Œ ∞‰õ Ω`« ∂, ^ŒÜ« ∂^•H˜ ∆ ÏºÅ∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_», JÑHÍ~°O KÕÜ« ∞_®xH „ÑÜ« ∞ufl™êÎ~° ∞. J\˜ ì "åi#∞O_ç =∞#efl =∞#~ ~°H˜ ∆ OK« ∞HÀ"åe.

Meaning: Snakes are forever in search of holes, writhing and wriggling all the time.Similarly evil men are forever trying to harm others and think in a crooked manner.

They cannot be kind to anyone and always try to harm others.

Moral: Evil people always find fault with others and try to harm them.

V

24. |QÆ ∞æ # =∞O_» ∞ Œ "å#ÅO|∞ =$H∆ Í„QÆO|∞ÅO QÍeÛ q_» ∞K« ∞O QÍx, "åxx x~° ∂‡Å=ÚQÍqOÑ *ÏÅ Œ ∞† â‹ · « ºjÅ =∞Ü« Úº#∞ #n [ÅO|∞ « @ã≤ ÷ « =ã¨ ∞=∞f[O|∞Å =¸ÅO|∞Å `À_» ÃÑÅ¡ yOK« ∞#∞. HÍ|\˜ ì =∞Oz =∂@Å`À ™êkèOÑ¨ =K« ∞Û Ñ¨ xx Ñ¨ ~å„Hõ =∞â◊ «O|∞KÕ <≥ · # ™êkèOÑ¨ ~å Œ ∞.

Éè Ï=O : Éè íQÆ ∞æ# =∞O_Õ ^•"åyfl K≥@¡ z=~° efl =∂„`« "Õ ∞ HÍeÛ =kÖËã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍx "≥ Ú^ŒÅO@ <åâ◊#OKÕÜ« ∞^Œ ∞. K«Å¡QÍ =ÙO_Õ U\˜ h~° ∞ „Ñ¨ "åÇ¨ Ï "ÕQÆO`À K≥@¡#∞ „"Õà◊ ¡ À ‰õ Ä_» ÃÑH˜ eOz ‰õ ÄÅ^Àã¨ ∞ÎOk. JO>Ë

|Å„ÑÜ≥ ∂QÆO`À KÕÜ« ∞ÖËx Ñxx =∞Oz =∂@Å`À KÕÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û. WHõ ¯_» ^•"åyflx |Å„Ñ¨Ü≥ ∂QÆO`À#∞,U\˜h~° ∞#∞ =∞Oz =∂@Å`À#∞ áÈÅÛ|_çOk.

hu : |Å„ÑÜ≥ ∂QÆO`À ™êkèOK«ÖËxk =∞Oz =∂@Å`À ™êkèOK«=K« ∞Û.

J~å÷ Å∞ : Œ "åÅ#O|∞ J_»qÖ’ ÖËKÕ =∞O@† â‹ · « ºjÅ=Ú K«Å¡ Œ#O HõÅk, «@ã≤ ÷ « QÆ@∞ìg∞ Œ#∞#fl†=ã¨ ∞=∞f[=Ú K≥@∞ì.

"åºMÏº#O : WHõ ¯_» J_»qÖ’x =∞O@‰õ Ω, U\Ö’x =~° Œ‰õ Ω QÆÅ Éè Ë ŒO `≥Å∞Ñ¨|_çOk. J_»qÖ’ =∞O@Å∞ÖË ¿ãÎ Jq K≥@¡ Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ z=~° efl HÍeÛ =^Œ e"Õ™êÎ~Ú. U\ =~° ŒÅ∞ =¿ãÎ K≥@¡#∞ ‰õ ÄHõ\„"Õà◊ §`À ÃÑHõ eOz "Õ™êÎ~Ú. WHõ ¯_» =∞O@Å∞ |Å„ÑÜ≥ ∂QÆO`À#∞, U\ =~° Œ K«Å¡x =∂@Å`À#∞ áÈÅÛ|_®¤~Ú. JO>Ë|Å„ÑÜ≥ ∂QÆO`À KÕÜ« ∞ÖËx Ñxx K«Å¡x =∂@Å`À KÕÜ« ∞=K« ∞Û#x J~° ÷O.

Meaning: A Sudden burst of flames burns only the edges of the trees but does not

destroy the whole tree, while a sudden flood of water can uproot the entire tree. In

other words, what cannot be done with the use of force can be done easily with cool,

persuasive words. Here the fire is likened to force and the flood water to the use of quiet convincing words.



154 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Moral:what cannot be achieved with force can be successfully done with kind persuasive

words.

Persuade (verb) = convince, get someone to agree, persuasive (adjective)

V

25. td tMÏ « Ñ¨ ÎO |QÆ ∞[ÅOÉ á⁄OyÑ_ç Ü« ∂Ü« ∞yflO [ÖÏ¡ ~° ∞ÛK« ∞O_» ∞@ Ö’Hõ è Œ ~° ‡=Ú.

Éè Ï=O : Jyfl h\˜x "Õ_çKÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. HÍx "Õ_≥H˜ ¯# h~° ∞ á⁄OyÑ_ç P Jyflx K«ÖÏ¡~° ∞Û`« ∞Ok. Wk Ö’Hõ^è Œ~° ‡O. JO>Ë =∞#O W`«~° ∞Å‰õ Ω H©_» ∞ KÕ ¿ãÎ uiy "åà◊ √¡ =∞#‰õ Ä H©_» ∞ KÕ™êÎ~° ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì Z=iH© H©_» ∞KÕÜ« ∞~å^Œ ∞.

hu : ^≥|ƒu#fl"å_Õ, uiy ≥|ƒ H˘_» å_» ∞.

J~å÷ Å∞ : td ´ Jyfl† tMÏ «Ñ¨ Î=Ú ´ =∞O@KÕ HÍÅÛ|_ç#k

"åºMÏº#O : XHõ K«~° º‰õ Ω „ÑuK«~° º =ÙO@∞O Œ<Õ Ö’HÀH˜ Î =ÙOk. XHõifl h=Ù Ç≤ ÏOã≤ ¿ãÎ J`«_» ∞ x#∞fl uiy Ç≤ ÏOã≤™êÎ_» ∞ L^•Ç Ï~° ‰õ Ω XHõ áê„ «Ö’x h\x Jyfl`À "Õ_çKÕ ¿ãÎ, P h~° ∞ á⁄OyÑ_ç, P Jyflx K«ÖÏ¡~° ∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Meaning: Fire heats up and makes water boil. The same water which boils and

overflows the vessel can put out the fire. This is a universal truth. Similarly if one tries to

harm another, the one who is hurt can turn around and destroy the one who has harmed

him.

Moral: A man who has been hurt can react by destroying his tormentor.

Torment (verb) = cause pain, tormentor (noun)

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 155

16. PO„ è Œ Õâ◊=Ú – Ñ¨ Ó~° fi HÍÅÑ¨ Ù ¿ Ñ~° ∞¡ – =∞O_»Å=ÚÅ∞

Ñ¨ iK«Ü« ∞O :

PO„^è Œ Õâ◊=Ú – Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHÍÅÑ¨ Ù ¿Ñ~° ∞¡ – =∞O_»Å=ÚÅ∞ J<Õ D áê~î åºOâ◊O YO_»=e¡ ÅH© ;~°O[#O,YO_»=e¡ ÉÏÖËO^Œ ∞ âıY~°OQÍ~° ∞¡ ~° zOz# 'PO„ è Œ ∞Å K«i„ « – ãOã¨ ¯ $u— J<Õ „QÆO^ä ŒO #∞O_ç „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOÑ|_çOk.

„Ñã¨ ∞Î «O PO„ è Œ„Ñ¨ Õâò ~åROÖ’x H˘xfl „áêO`åÅ∞ Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO qq^è Œ <å=∂Å`À =º=Ç¨ ÏiOÑ|_Õq.<Õ_» ∞ "å\Ö’ H˘xfl ¿Ñ~° ∞¡ H˘O`« =∂~° ∞Ê`À Ñ≤Å∞=|_» ∞`« ∞<åfl~Ú. PO„^è Œ Õâ◊O ÖË • `≥Å∞QÆ ∞<ÕÅ JxÑ≤Å∞=|_ç# =∞# ~åROÖ’x Ñ¨Å∞ „áêO`åÅ#∞ QÆ ∞iOz D áê~î åºOâ◊OÖ’ `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞H˘O\ÏO.

=∞# Éè Ï+‰õ Ω PO„^è ŒO, ≥#∞QÆ ∞, `≥Å∞QÆ ∞ J<Õ Ñ¨ •Å∞ =º=Ç¨ ~°OÖ’ =Ù<åfl~Ú. D Ñ¨ •Å Ñ¨ Ù@∞ìÑ¨ Ó~Àfi`« Î~åÅ#∞ QÆ ∞iOz PO„^è Œ Õâ◊OÖ’ x=ã≤Oz# qq è Œ *Ï « ∞Å#∞ QÆ ∞iOz ‰õ Ä_® D áê~î åºOâ◊OÖ’`≥Å∞ã¨ ∞‰õ ΩO\ÏO.

PO„ è Œ Õâ◊OÖ’ „Ñ¨ è •# „áêO`åÅ∞ :

PO„^è Œ„Ñ¨ ÕâòÖ’ „Ñ¨ è •#OQÍ =¸_» ∞ „áêO`åÅ∞<åfl~Ú. Jq ã=Ú„ Œ f~°Ñ¨ Ù lÖÏ¡Å∞, ~åÜ« ∞Åã‘=∞lÖÏ¡Å∞, `≥ÅOQÍ lÖÏ¡Å∞. Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO f~° „áêO`«OÖ’x L`« Î~° lÖÏ¡Å#∞ L`« Î~° ã~å¯~° ∞Å∞ J<Õ "å~° ∞. D

¿Ñ~° ∞#∞ =∞ è Œ º Ü« ÚQÆOÖ’ =∞Ç Ï=∞‡nÜ« ∞ ÑiáêÅ‰õ ΩÅ∞ ÃÑ\Ïì~° ∞. P HÍÅOÖ’ P „áêO`«=∞O`å XHõ ÑiáêÅ<åqÉè ÏQÆOQÍ =ÙO_Õk. P „áêO`«O ã=Ú„ Œf~°OÖ’ "åºÑ≤Oz LO_»@O =Å¡ ^•xfl '™êQÆ~° ã‘=∞— JO\Ï~° ∞.

`« ∂~° ∞ÊQÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ J=∞ÖÏÑ¨ Ù~°O åÅ∂HÍÖ’ 'HÀ#ã‘=∞— J<Õ ¿Ñ~° ∞ QÆÅ „Ñ¨ Õâ◊O LOk. Jk<Õ\H©P ¿Ñ~° ∞`À<Õ =º=Ç¨ ÏiOÑ|_» ∞`« ∂ =ÙOk. H˘O`« Éè í ∂Éè ÏQÆO HÀOQÍ ã¨=Ú„ ŒOÖ’H K˘K« ∞ÛH˘xáÈ~Ú=ÙO_»_»O =Å¡ ^•xHÍ¿Ñ~° ∞ =zÛOk.

`≥Å∞QÆ ∞"å~° ∞ x=ã≤OKÕ „Ñ¨ ÕâßxH "≥ Ú^Œ\#∞O_ç U ¿Ñ~° ∞ LO_Õ À ≥ eÜ« ∞^Œ ∞. S`« ˆ ~Ü« ∞ „ÉÏÇ¨ Ï‡OÖ’xâ◊ √#âı ≈Ñ¨ Ùx Hõ^ä ŒÖ’ PO„^è Œ*Ïu ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_çOk. HÍh "å~° ∞ x=ã≤OKÕ „Ñ¨^Õâ◊O K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_»ÖË Œ ∞. ~å=∂Ü« ∞HÍÅOÖ’ <Õ\ PO„^è Œ„Ñ¨ ÕâòÖ’x H˘O`«ÉèÏQÆO ^ŒO_»HÍ~° ºOQÍ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. N~å=∞K«O„^Œ ∞_» ∞x=ã≤Oz# „Ñ¨ ÕâßÅ∞ H˘xfl PO„ è Œ Õâ◊OÖ’ =Ù<åfl~Ú. Jq Éè í„^•K«ÅO ãg∞Ñ¨OÖ’x Ñ~° ‚âßÅ „áêO`«OÖ’xq. J^Õ ^ŒO_»HÍ~° ºO. J^Õ â◊ ¥~° ÊY ™È^Œ~° ∞Öˇ ·# Y~° Œ ∂+¨ Ïk ~åHõ ∆ ã¨ ∞Å∞O_ç# „Ñ¨ Õâ◊O.

=∞Ç¨ÉèÏ~°`«OÖ’ PO„^èŒ*Ïu QÆ∞iOz# „Ñ¨™êÎ=# HõxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk. =∞Ç¨ÉèÏ~°`« HÍÅOÖ’ PO„^èŒ∞Å∞^ŒH˜ ∆ ÏÑ¨ ä Œ "åã¨ ∞Åx `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. "åi x"åãÉè í ∂q∞ <Õ\ PO„^è Œ Õâ◊=∞x K≥Ñ¨ Ê=K« ∞Û.

É∫^Œ ú Ü« ÚQÆOÖ’ PO„^è Œ ÕâßxH =∞Or~° ^Õâ◊=∞h, =„[^Õâ◊=∞h, <åQÆÉè í ∂q∞ Jh ¿Ñ~° ∞¡ LO_Õ=x`≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

„Ñâ◊ fl : 1. PO„^è Œ Õâ◊OÖ’x „Ñ¨ è •# „áêO åÖËq?V



156 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

=∞Or~° Õâ◊O :

=∞Or~° ^Õâ◊O WÑ¨ Ê\ `≥ÅOQÍÏ‰õ Ω =º=Ç¨ ~° <å=∞OQÍ LO_Õk. x*Ï=∂ÉÏ^£ lÖÏ¡Ö’ „Ñ=Ç≤ ÏOKÕ=∞Or~° #k =Å¡ P ¿Ñ~° ∞ U~° Ê_çOk. =∞Or~° #k QÀ^•=i #kH˜ LÑ#k. É∫ Œ ú „QÆO^ä •Ö’¡ nxfl '=O[~° —Jx ¿Ñ~˘¯<åfl~° ∞. HõoOQÆ ^ÕâßxH =ÚYº Ñ@ì "≥ ∞ÿ# ^ŒO`«Ñ¨ Ù~åxH =∞OriHÍ^Õâ◊O ^ŒH˜ ∆ kâ◊Ö’ L#fl@∞¡

É∫^Œ ú „QÆO^ä •Ö’¡ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. =„[ Õâ◊O :

PO„^è Œ ÕâßxH '=„[ Õâ◊=∞<Õ — ¿Ñ~° ∞ ‰õ Ä_® É∫^Œ ú*Ï`«Hõ „QÆO^ä •ÅÖ’ Hõ#|_» ∞`« ∞Ok. ^è Œ~° HÀ@‰õ Ω L`« Î~°Éè ÏQÆOÖ’ Ñi\ÏÅ = Œ Ì Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHÍÅO #∞Oz =„*ÏÅ∞ ˘~° ∞‰õ Ω`« ∞<åfl~Ú. É∫^Œ ∞úÅ „"å «ÅÖ’ |∞ Œ ∞úx ŒO`åÅ#∞QÆ ∞iOz KåÖÏ Hõ ä ŒÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. HõoOQÆ ^Õâ◊Ñ¨ Ù ~å[‰õ Ω=∂Ô ~Î, P"≥ ∞ Éè í~° Î |∞^Œ ú Éè íQÆ "å#∞x ^ŒO`«O QÆÅ

ÃÑ>ˇì#∞ fã¨ ∞H˘x ^ŒO`«Ñ¨Ù~°O #∞O_ç |Ü« ∞Å∞^Õi F_» <≥H˜ ¯ ã≤OÇ¨ ÏàÏxH˜ (<Õ\ NÅOHõ) „Ñ¨Ü« ∂OKÕã¨ ∞Î#flÑ¨ C_» ∞ ^•iÖ’ gi F_» =„*ÏÅk<≥ fl J<Õ KÀ@ "≥ ∞~°Hõ ZH˜ ¯Ok. P =„*ÏÅk<≥ fl <åQÆ~åAÅ∞áêeOz# ^è •#ºHõ@HõO. ^è Œ~å‡â’‰õ Ω_» ∞ J<Õ <åQÆ~åA =„*ÏÅk<≥ fl =^Œ Ì XHõ ^Õ "åÅÜ« ∂xfl Hõ\˜ ìOKå_»xã≤OÇ¨ Ïà◊ ^Õâ◊ „QÆO^ä •Ö’¡ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. P HÍÅOÖ’ QÀ^•=iH˜ `« ∂~° ∞Ê Éè í ∂Éè ÏQÆO HõoOQÆOQÍ QÆ ∞iÎOKå~° ∞.Hõ $ëê‚QÀ^•=i # Œ ∞Å =∞^è Œ º Éè ÏQÆO, Hõ $ëê‚#kH kQÆ ∞= „áêO`«O, <≥Å∂¡~° ∞, QÆ ∞uÎ, HõO^Œ<ÀÅ∞ (<Õ\ Hõ~° ∂flÅ∞)=∞O_»ÖÏÅ#∞ =„[Éè í ∂q∞QÍ P HÍÅOÖ’ QÆ ∞iÎOKå~° ∞.

<åQÆ Éè í ∂q∞ :

É∫ Œ ú Hõ ä ŒÅÖ’ PO„ è Œ Õâ◊O <åQÆÉè í ∂q∞QÍ ‰õ Ä_® K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. QÆOQÍ#k =ÚY^•fi~åxH ã≤OÇ¨ Ïà◊ nfiáêxH˜=∞^è Œ º# LO_Õ „Ñ¨ Õâ◊O <åQÆ ∞Å x"åã Éè í ∂q∞QÍ LO_Õk. <åQÆ ∞Å∞ |∞^Œ ∞úx =∞`«O Ñ@¡ Éè íH˜ Î qâßfi™êÅ∞Hõ ey LO_Õ "å~° ∞. <åQÆ~åA « ä •QÆ « ∞x Ñq„ « "≥ ∞ÿ# Jã≤ ÷HõÅ∞ ãOáêkOz "å\˜ ÃÑ· =„*ÏÅk<≥ fl =^Œ Ì ã¨ ∂÷ÑOxi‡OKå_» ∞. J^Õ J=∞~å=u ã¨ ∂÷ÑO. D <åQÆ~åA ã≤OÇ¨ Ïà◊ nfiáêxH ~å*ˇ ·# "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞=~° ∞‚xH q∞„`« ∞_»x,

"Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∞=~° ∞‚_» ∞ <åQÆ~åA = Œ Ì#∞#fl |∞^Œ ∞úx Ñ¨q„ « Pã≤ ÷HõÅ#∞ á⁄O ≥#x É∫ Œ ú Hõ ä ŒÅ∞ K≥Ñ¨ ÙÎ<åfl~Ú. D Hõ ä ŒPO„^è Œ ÕâßxH ãO|OkèOzOk. É∫^Œ úÜ« ÚQÆOÖ’ ã≤OÇ¨ Ïà◊nfiáêxH <åQÆ nfiÑO, ~° « fl nfiÑO Jx ¿Ñ~° ∞¡

LO_Õq. „Ñ¨â◊flÅ∞

1. =∞Or~° ^Õâ◊=∞x PO„ è Œ ÕâßxH ¿ÑÔ ~ÖÏ =zÛOk?2. PO„ è Œ ÕâßxH˜ =„[^Õâ◊=∞<Õ ¿Ñ~° ∞ ZÖÏ =zÛOk?3. PO„ è Œ ÕâßxH <åQÆÉè í ∂q∞ J<Õ ¿Ñ~° ∞ ZÖÏ =zÛOk?

V



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 157

„ueOQÆ Õâ◊O :

PO„^è Œ ÕâßxH˜ Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO L#fl ¿Ñ~° ¡Ö’ '„ueOQÆ Õâ◊O— J<Õk =ÚYº"≥ ∞ÿOk. ' ≥Å∞QÆ ∞— â◊ÉÏÌxH Ñ¨ Ó~° fi~° ∂ÑO„ueOQÆ Jx, „uHõ eOQÆ Jx Ñ¨O_ç « ∞ÅÖ’ aè#fl Jaè„áêÜ« ∂Å∞ L<åfl~Ú. HÍHõfÜ« ∞ „Ñ¨ åÑ¨~° ∞„^Œ K«„Hõ=iÎP™ê÷#Hõq J~Ú# q^•º<å ä Œ ∞_» ∞ «# '„Ñ¨ åÑ~° ∞„^Œ Ü« ∞â’Éè í ∂+¨ O—Ö’ PO„ è Œ Õâ◊O =¸_» ∞ „Ñã≤ Œ ú â‹ ·=ˆ H∆ „`åÅKÕ

áê=#"≥ ∞ÿO^Œx, Jq Nâ‹ ·ÅO, HÍàıâ◊ fi~°O, „^•H∆ Í~å=∞O Jx, W"Õ „ueOQÆ ãO[#∞ D ÕâßxH Hõ eyOKåÜ« ∞xK≥áêÊ_» ∞. „ueOQÆ â◊|ÌO Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ qHõ $u '`≥Å∞QÆ ∞— Jx "åºHõ~° "Õ « ÎÅ∞ K≥áêÎ~° ∞. `≥Å∞QÆ ∞ J<Õ ~° ∂Ñ¨ "Õ ∞

"≥ Ú^Œ\˜ Œx, „ueOQÆ â◊|ÌO ÑO_ç « ∞Å∞ KÕã≤# ãOã¨ ¯ $fHõ~° =∞x P^è Œ ∞xHõ q=∞~° ≈‰õ ΩÅ∞ Éè Ïqã¨ ∞Î<åfl~° ∞.„H©.â◊. 150 ãO=`« û~åÅHÍÅO <å\˜ „w‰õ Ω Éè í ∂QÀà◊ âßGA_» ∞ '\ÏÖg∞— `«# „QÆO^ä ŒOÖ’ '\˜ eOQÍ<£ — J<ÕÑ¨ ŒO LÑÜ≥ ∂yOKå_» ∞. |~å‡Ö’ '`≥ ·ÅOQÆ ∞— Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_Õ *Ïu „Ñ[Å∞ L<åfl~° ∞.

H˘O^Œ~° ∞ Ñiâ’^è Œ‰õ ΩÅ∞ „ueOQÆ â◊|ÌO „uHõ eOQÆ â◊|ÌÉè í==∞x K≥Ñ¨ ÙÎ<åfl~° ∞. „uHõ eOQÆ Ñ¨ ŒO âßã<åÅÖ’

HõxÊã¨ ∞Î#flk. QÀ^•=i « ∂~° ∞Ê f~°O #∞O_ç =∞Ç #k =~°‰õ Ω QÆÅ Õâ◊O Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHÍÅOÖ’ 'HõoOQÆ —QÍ Ñ≤Å∞=|_Õk.`≥<åe ~å=∞Hõ $+¨ ‚ Hõq «# áêO_» ∞~°OQÆ =∞Ç¨ `« ‡ºOÖ’ 'Ñ‘iîHÍÑ¨ Ù~°O— HõoOQÆ Õâ◊ PÉè í~° O Jx =i‚OKå_» ∞.Ñ‘iîHÍÑ¨ Ù~°O J#QÍ Ñ≤+¨ ìÑ¨ Ù~°O. J^Õ <Õ\ 'Ñ≤~î åÑ¨ Ù~°O—. Wk QÀ^•=iH L`« Î~°OÖ’ LOk. HõoOQÆO =¸_» ∞Éè ÏQÍÅ∞QÍ LO_Õk. =∞¿ÇÏO„^Œyi #∞O_ç qâßYÑ@ì O lÖÏ¡ cè=Úx Ñ@ì O =~°‰õ Ω QÆÅ „áêO`«O L « Î~°HõoOQÆO ÖËHõ L`« ¯à◊O J<Õ "å~° ∞. cè=Úx Ñ@ì O `åÅ∂HÍ‰õ Ω K≥Ok# Éè ’QÆÑ¨ Ù~°O =∞^è Œ º HõoOQÆ ^Õâ◊OÖ’x^Œx `« ∂~° ∞Ê Kåà◊ √Hõ º =Oâ◊ã¨ ∞÷_≥ ·# 'H˘H˜ ¯e =~° ‡— =∞Ç¨ ~åA ÉÁ_Õ ¤~° ∞ âßã#OÖ’ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. QÀ^•=i#∞O_ç cè=Úx Ñ@ì O =~°‰õ Ω QÆÅ „Ñ¨ Õâßxfl '^ŒH˜ ∆ HõoOQÆO— J<Õ "å~° ∞. D =¸_» ∞ HõoOQÍÅ ãg∞Hõ~° "Õ ∞

„uHõ eOQÆO. LKåÛù~° "ÕQÆO KÕ « „uHõ eOQÆ â◊|ÌOÖ’x 'Hõ —HÍ~°O =∂Ü« ∞"≥ ∞ÿ „ueOQÆ â◊|ÌO q∞yeO ŒO@∞<åfl~° ∞.WÖÏ U~° Ê_ç# „ueOQÆ â◊|ÌO "å_» ∞HõÖ’ LO_»QÍ q^•º<å ä Œ ∞_À ÖËHõ W`«~° ãOã¨ ¯ $`« q^•fiOã¨ ∞Ö’ =¸_» ∞t=eOQÍÅ =∞ è Œ º „Ñ¨ Õâ◊=∞x J~° ÷O Hõ eÊOz LO_»=K« ∞Û.

Nâ‹ ·ÅO, „^•H∆Í~å=∞O, HÍàıâ◊ fi~°O J<Õ „ueOQÆ â‹·=ˆH∆ „`åÅÖ’ Nâ‹·ÅO Hõ~° ∂flÅ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’ LOk.„^•H∆ Í~å=∞O « ∂~° ∞ÊQÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ LOk.HÍàıâ◊ fi~°O ≥ÅOQÍÏÖ’x HõsO#QÆ~ü lÖÏ¡Ö’ QÀ^•=i „áêÇ≤ Ï`«ãOQÆ=∞™ê÷# „áêO «OÖ’ LOk. D q è ŒOQÍ PO„ è Œ Õâ◊OÖ’x „Ñã≤ Œ ú qÉè ÏQÍÖˇ ·# ~åÜ« ∞Åã‘=∞, ™êQÆ~°ã‘=∞,

`≥ÅOQÍO J<Õ =¸_» ∞ „Ñ¨ ÕâßÅ∞ ≥Å∞QÆ ∞"åi Ñq„ « "≥ ∞ÿ# HÍÏz Jx `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞Î#flk. „Ñ¨â◊flÅ∞

1. „ueOQÆ ^Õâ◊O QÆ ∞iOz „"åÜ« ∞O_ç?2. HõoOQÆO Zxfl Éè ÏQÍÅ∞QÍ LO_Õk? "å\x QÆ ∞iOz „"åÜ« ∞O_ç?3. `≥Å∞QÆ ∞ "åi Ñq„ « HÍÏz Uk?

V



158 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Hõ oOQÆ ∞Å∞ :

HõoOQÆ ∞Å‰õ Ω P ¿Ñ~° ∞ ã¨=Ú„^Œf~° Éè í ∂=ÚÅÖ’ x=ã≤OK«_»O =Å¡ =zÛOk. HõoOQÆO JO>Ë J#∂ÑOÖË • '[Å=∞Ü« ∞ „Ñ¨ Õâ◊O— Jx J~° ÷O. [Å=∞Ü« ∞OQÍ LO_Õ PO„^è Œ Õâ◊Ñ¨ Ù ™êQÆ~° „áêO`åxH HõoOQÆ ãO[˝KåÖÏ HÍÅO =~°‰õ Ω xezOk. Éè Ï~° « Õâ◊O #∞O_ç `« ∂~° ∞Ê ã=Ú„ Œ n=ÙÅ‰õ Ω, ^ÕâßÅ‰õ Ω =Åã áÈ~Ú#k

"≥ Ú@ì "≥ Ú^Œ@ HõoOQÆ ∞ÖË. PÜ« ∂ „Ñ¨ ÕâßÅÖ’ g~° ∞ ã≤ ÷~° x"å™êÅ∞ U~° Ê~°K« ∞‰õ Ω<åfl~° ∞. gi «~åfi « Œ ∂~° ÕâßÅ‰õ Ω=Åã¨ "≥o§# "åà◊ √§ `«q∞à◊ √Å∞. "≥ Ú^Œ@ „áê^ä Œq∞Hõ =Åã[#∞Å∞ HõoOQÆ ∞Å∞ HÍ=_»O KÕ`« `«~åfi`« =zÛ#

"åix ‰õ Ä_® HõoOQÆ ∞Å∞QÍ Éè ÏqOz „áêK« º n=ÙÅÖ’x [#∞Å∞ "åà◊ ¡#∞ 'H˜ ¡OQÆ ∞— Åx Ñ≤ eKå~° ∞.

„Ñ¨â◊fl

1. HõoOQÆ *Ïux QÆ ∂iÛ „"åÜ« ∞O_ç?

V

≥ #∞QÆ ∞ :

`≥Å∞QÆ ∞ â◊|ÌO ÖÏQÍ<Õ '`≥#∞QÆ ∞— J<Õ Ñ¨ ŒO ‰õ Ä_® PO„^è Œ ∞Å#∞ ¿Ñ~˘¯#_»OÖ’ „áê=ÚYºO Hõ ey LOk.„QÆO^ä Œ „ÑÜ≥ ∂QÆO |\˜ ì K« ∂¿ãÎ `≥Å∞QÆ ∞ Ñ¨ ŒO Hõ#fl `≥#∞QÆ ∞ Ñ¨ Œ "Õ ∞ Ñ¨ Ó~° fi"≥ ∞ÿO^ŒxÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk. "åQÆ#∞âßã#∞_» ∞Jx ¿Ñ~° ∞ á⁄Ok# ##flÜ« ∞ `«# PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° å=`åiHõÖ’ `≥#∞QÆ ∞ J<Õ Ñ¨ •<Õ fl „ÑÜ≥ ∂yOKå_» ∞.

`≥Å∞QÆ ∞ â◊|ÌO „ueOQÆ â◊|ÌO #∞O_ç =zÛ#@∞¡ `≥#∞QÆ ∞ Ñ¨^ŒO „u#QÆ â◊|ÌO #∞O_ç =zÛO Œx Ñ¨O_ç « ∞Å∞K≥áêÎ~° ∞. „u#QÆ=ÚÅ∞ J#QÍ =¸_» ∞ Ñ¨~° fi`åÅ∞. =∞¿ÇÏO„^Œyi, HÍà◊ Ç¨ Ïã≤ Î tY~°O, Nâ‹ ·Å Ñ~° fi`«O J<Õq„u#QÆ=ÚÅ∞. HÍh WO`«Hõ<åfl ã¨ Ç¨ Ï["≥ ∞ÿ# =Ùº « ÊuÎ '`≥<£JQÆ ∞— J<Õk `≥<£ J#QÍ „^•q_» Éè Ï+Ö’ ^ŒH˜ ∆ OJx J~° ÷O JO>Ë ^ŒH˜ ∆ Ïaè=ÚYOQÍ ãOK«iOz#"å~° ∞, ^ŒH˜ ∆ Ï# L#fl"åà◊ √§ `≥#∞QÆ ∞ "åà◊ √§ Jx J~° ÷O„^•q_» *ÏuH K≥Ok# D ≥#∞QÆ ∞ "åà◊ √§ "≥ Ú@ì "≥ Ú^Œ@ qO^è Œ º Ñ~° fi`« áê^•Å „áêO`«OÖ’ x=ã≤ã¨ ∂ÎP~° ∞ºÅ =uÎ_ç KÕ « ^ŒH˜ ∆ ÏxH "≥àÏ§eû =zÛOk. HÍ=Ù# gà◊ √§ '^ŒH˜ ∆ Ï`« ∞ºÅ∞— ÖËHõ '`≥#∞QÆ ∞"å~° ∞— JxÑ≤Å∞=|_ç<å~° ∞. `≥#∞QÆ ∞ "å~° ∞ '`≥ÅQÆ — "åiQÍ =∂~å~° ∞. `≥ÅQÍÅ∞, ≥ÅQÍ∞ºÅ∞ "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·# Ñ¨ •Å∞ W>Ë ¡

U~° Ê_®¤~Ú. `≥Å∞QÀà◊ √§ J<Õ =∂@ <Õ\H© [#∞Å "å_» ∞HõÖ’ =ÙOk. „Ñ¨â◊fl

1. ' ≥#∞QÆ ∞— Ñ¨ ŒO „áê=ÚYº « QÆ ∞iOz „"åÜ« ∞O_ç?

V

"ÕOy Õâ◊O :`« ∂~° ∞Ê Hõ#∞=∞Å #∞O_ç ã=Ú„ ŒO =~°‰õ Ω Hõ $ëê‚ QÀ^•=~° ∞Å =∞^è Œ º qã¨ ÎiOz L#fl f~° „áêO`åxH˜

Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO '"ÕOy— Jx ¿Ñ~° ∞ LO_Õk. n<Õ fl '^ŒQÆ ú ~åRO— Jx ‰õ Ä_® Ñ≤ eKÕ "å~° ∞. Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO J~° º=∞Ü« ∞"≥ ∞ÿ#



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 159

D „áêO`åxfl «QÆÅÉ\˜ ì [#x"å™êxH J#∞‰õ ÄÅOQÍ =∂~° ∞ÛHÀ=_»O =Å¡ '^ŒQÆ ú~åRO— J<Õ ¿Ñ~° ∞ =zÛOk.##flÜ« ∞ '~å[=∞¿ÇÏO„^Œ=~åxfl— "ÕOy ÕâßxH˜ <åÜ« ∞Hõ=∞ (=ÚYº Ñ¨@ì O) Jx K≥áêÊ_» ∞. âßÅOHÍÜ« ∞#~åAÅ #∞Oz « ∂~° ∞Ê Kåà◊ √‰õ ΩºÅ =~°‰õ Ω =ÚYº Ñ@ì OQÍ LO@∂ =zÛ# '"ÕOy #QÆ~°O— #∞Oz "ÕOy Õâ◊OJ<Õ ¿Ñ~° ∞ =zÛOk. ã=Ú„^Œ QÆ ∞Ñ¨ ÙÎx 'JÅÇ¨ ÉÏ^£ âßã#O—Ö’ D „áêO`åxfl áêeOz#~åA "≥ ·Oˆ QÜ« ∞

Ç¨ Ïã≤ Î=~° ‡ Jx K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. "ÕOy WÑ¨ Ê\ UÅ∂~° ∞ Ñ@ì ÏxH ãg∞ÑÖÖ’ LOk. Wk WÑ¨ C_» ∞ Ñ¨ Ó~° fi "≥ ·Éè í=O HÀÖ’Ê~Ú z#fl Ñ¨Öˇ ¡QÍ xezOk. ÃÑ Œ "Õy, z#"Õy J<Õ ‰õ Ω„QÍ=∂ÖË nx J=âıëêÅ∞. WHõ ¯_»Éè í ∂QÆ~° ƒùOÖ’ `«qfi Õ „áêp# tkäÖÏÅ∞ HõxÑ≤ã¨ ∞Î<åfl~Ú. UÅ∂~° ∞ Ô ~·ÖË fi¿ãì+<£‰õ Ω `«~åfi`« L#fl ^≥O^Œ ∞Å∂~° ∞‰õ Ä_» Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHÍÅÑ¨ Ù K«i„`« Hõ ey#^Õ. ^≥O^Œ ∞Å∂~° ∞ q+¨ µ‚‰õ ΩO_ç# =Oâ◊~åAÅ‰õ Ω =ÚYº #QÆ~°OQÍ LO_Õk.

"ÕOy #QÆ~åxH ãg∞ÑÖÖ’ ÃÑ^Œ Ì =∞Ozh\ [ÖÏâ◊Ü« ∞O XHõ\ LOk. nx<Õ 'H˘ÖË ¡~° ∞ ã~°ã¨ ∞û— JO\Ï~° ∞.Wk [ÅÑ‰õ ∆ ΩÅ‰õ Ω xÅÜ« ∞"≥ ∞ÿ KåÖÏ qã‘ Î~° ‚O Hõ ey ~°=∞ºOQÍ LO@∞Ok.

„Ñ¨â◊fl

1. "ÕOy Õâ◊O QÆ ∞iOz „"åÜ« ∞O_ç?

V

PO„ è Œ Õâ◊O – =∞O_» Å=ÚÅ∞, q+Ü« ∞=ÚÅ∞ :

D<å_» ∞ lÖÏ¡Å∞ `åÅ∞HÍÅ∞ =Ö<Õ Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHÍÅOÖ’ D ^Õâ◊O ÑiáêÅ<å ™œHõ~åºxH˜ ~åRO, q+¨Ü« ∞O

PÇ¨ ~°O, <å_» ∞ "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·# qÉè ÏQÍÅ∞ Hõ ey LO_Õk. g\ ãiÇ¨ Ï^Œ ∞ÌÅ∞ WÑ¨ C_» ∞ YzÛ`«OQÍ QÆ ∞iÎOK«_®xH˜gÅ∞ HÍ Œ ∞. g\˜ =ÚYº Ñ¨@ì ÏÅ ¿Ñ~° ∞`À Wq Ñ≤Å∞=|_ç#@∞¡QÍ HõxÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk.

PÇ¨ ~åÅ∞ :

âß`« "åÇ¨ Ï#∞Å HÍÅOÖ’ PÇ ~åÅ∞ J<Õ =∂O_» eHõ ãÖ[Å∞ LO_Õq. QÀ=~° ú<åÇ¨ ~°, =∂=∞ÖÏÇ¨ ~°,™ê`« "åÇ¨ Ï<åÇ¨ ~åÅ∞ âßã<åÖ’¡ ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_®¤~Ú. QÀ=~° ú# #QÆ~°O HO„ Œ ™ê÷#OQÍ Hõ eæ#k QÀ=~° ú# Ç¨ ~°O.Wk =∞Ç¨ ~åRÖ’ LOk. ™ê`« "åÇ¨ Ï<åÇ¨ ~°O |àÏ¡i lÖÏ¡ P^Àx „áêO`«O. Wk âß`« "åÇ¨ Ï#∞Å [#‡ ™ê÷#OJx H˘O Œ~° ∞ Ñiâ’^è Œ‰õ ΩÅ Jaè„áêÜ« ∞O. |$Ç Ï`« ÊùÖÏÜ« ∞# [Ü« ∞=~° ‡ =∞Ç¨ ~åA H˘O_»=Úk âßã#OÖ’'‰õ Ä_» ∂~° ∞ Ç¨ ~°O— Ö’x 'áêO@∂~° „QÍ=∞O— ^•#OQÍ W=fi|_çOk Jx L#flk. ‰õ Ä_» ∂~° ∞ Ç¨ ~°O „Ñã¨ ∞Î «O|O^Œ~° ∞ „áêO`åxH =iÎã¨ ∞ÎOk.

Ñ¨ ä ŒO :

Ñ¨ ä ŒO J<Õk =∞~˘Hõ qÉè ÏQÆO. ÃÑ·~î °# Ñ¨ ä ŒO nxH L^•Ç¨ Ï~° . Ñ¨ ä ŒO J<Õ ãO[ =∞O_»ÅO Hõ<åfl

qã‘ Î~° ‚ "≥ ∞ÿ# Õâ◊Éè ÏQÍxH ‰õ Ä_® "å_»|_çOk. ŒH˜ ∆ Ï Ñ¨ ä ŒO qO è Œ º‰õ Ω ŒH˜ ∆ Ï# L#fl qã¨ Î $`« Õâßxfl ã¨ ∂zã¨ ∞ÎOk.t=ã¨ ¯O^è Œ=~° ‡ '"≥ ∞ÿ Œ "ÀÅ∞ âßã#O—Ö’ PO„ è Œ ÕâßxH 'JO^è ŒÑ¨ ä ŒO— Jx K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk.



160 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

~åRO :

~åRO J<Õ qÉè ÏQÆO 'JÅ∂¡~° ∞— âßã#OÖ’ ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_çOk. J=∞~å=u âßã#O XHõ\ Ñ¨ Óy ~å¢ëêìxfl L^•Ç¨Ï~°QÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯Ok. Wk `«~åfiu HÍÅOÖ’ 'áêHõ<å_»∞—QÍ HõxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk. WH∆Ífi‰õΩ =OjÜ«Ú_≥·#g~°Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ Œ « ∞Îx [QÆ æÜ« ∞º¿Ñ@ âßã#OÖ’ 'Hõ~° ‡ ~åR— x"åã≤ J~Ú# XHõ ^•`« „Ñâ◊Oã =zÛOk. Wk

„Ñã¨ ∞Î «O QÆ ∞O@∂~° ∞ =∞O_»ÖÏxH K≥Ok#k. „Ñã¨ ∞Î «O Hõ_»Ñ =∞O_»ÅOÖ’x '[=∞‡Å=∞_»Hõ — `åÅ∂HÍ‰õ ΩJÑ¨ C_» ∞ 'Ç≤ Ï~° º~åRO— Jx ¿Ñ~° ∞O_Õk. „H©.â◊. „áê~°OÉè í â◊ å|ÌOÖ’ Hõ $ëê‚#kH ŒH˜ ∆ Ï# « ∂~° ∞Ê ã=Ú„ Œf~°O#∞Oz ÑtÛ=∂# HÀÖÏ~° ∞ =∞O_»ÅO =~°‰õ Ω PO„^è ŒÑ¨ ä ŒO J<Õ ¿Ñ~° ∞`À „Ñã≤kú K≥Ok LO_Õk. =∞#‰õ Ω`≥ eã≤#O « =~°‰õ Ω Wk <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ ~å¢ëêìÅ∞QÍ qÉè ílOÑ¨|_ç LO_Õk. 1. `« ∂~° ∞Ê Hõ~° ‡ ~åRO, 2. ^•xH˜ÑtÛ=∂# Ç≤ Ï~° º ~åRO, 3. ^•xH Ñ_»=∞@ Hõ<åfl_» ∞ 4. WÑ¨ Ê\ |àÏ§i „áêO «OÖ’x ™ê « "åÇ¨ Ï#~åRO.

„Ñ¨â◊fl 1. Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHÍÅOÖ’ ÑiáêÅ# qÉè ÏQÍÅ∞ Uq? "å\˜x QÆ ∞iOz ~åÜ« ∞O_ç?

V

<å_» ∞ :

=∞ è Œ º Ü« ÚQÆOÖ’ ™ê÷xHõ qÉè ÏQÍÅÖ’ '<å_» ∞— J<Õ ãO[ ã~° fi™ê=∂#ºO. W@∞=O\˜ "å\Ö’ "Õy<å_» ∞, "≥Å<å_» ∞, áêHõ<å_» ∞, ÑÖÏfl_» ∞ (ÑÅ¡=<å_» ∞) "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q „Ñã≤ •úÖˇ ·#q. `« ∂~° ∞Ê ã=Ú„^•xH, Hõ#∞=∞Å‰õ Ω,Hõ $ëê‚ – QÀ^•=i #^Œ ∞Å‰õ Ω =∞^è Œ ºÖ’ L#fl „áêO`«O "Õy<å_» ∞. QÆ ∞O@∂~° ∞ =∞O_»ÅOÖ’x 'K«O^Œ "ÀÅ∞—„áêO`«O "≥Å<å_» ∞ Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_çOk. "≥Å<å\ KÀ_» ∞Å∞ JHõ ¯_» Ñ¨iáêÅ# KÕâß~° ∞. QÆ ∞O@∂~° ∞ #∞O_ç=Ú<Õ fl~° ∞ =~°‰õ Ω "åºÑ≤Oz# ÕâßxH 'Hõ=∞‡<å_» ∞— Jx ¿Ñ~° ∞. =Ú<Õ fl~° ∞ #∞O_ç ÃÑ#fl =~°‰õ Ω QÆÅ „áêO`«OáêHõ<å_» ∞ Jx Ñ≤Å∞=|_çOk. ÑÅ¡=ÙÅ [#‡ ™ê÷# qÉè ÏQÆO 'ÑÅ¡=<å_» ∞— ÖËHõ 'ÑÖÏfl_» ∞—. PO„^è Œ "≥ ·kHõ„ÉÏÇ¨ Ï‡∞ÅÖ’ "Õy<å\˜, "≥Å<å\˜, =ÚÅHõ<å\, HÍãÅ<å\˜ âßYÅ "å~° ∞ L<åfl~° ∞ =ÚÅHõÅ∞ J#∞"å~° ∞

"≥ ∞^ŒH± lÖÏ¡ „ÉÏÇ¨ Ï‡Ë «~° ∞ÅÖ’#∂ L<åfl~° ∞. gà◊ √§ PÜ« ∂ <å_» ∞ÅÖ’ "≥ Ú^Œ@ x=ã≤Oz# "åÔ ~·#O Œ ∞=Å¡ "åi âßYÅ‰õ Ω P ãO[Å∞ Hõ eQÍ~Ú. =ÚÅHõ<å\ "åix J[˝ «KÕ =ÚiH<å\ "å~°x Ö’HõO =º=Ç Ïiã¨ ∞ÎOk.=ÚÅHõ<å_» ∞ J<Õk KåÖÏ „áêp#"≥ ∞ÿ# Õâ◊qÉè ÏQÆOQÍ HõxÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk. Q“ «g∞ Ñ¨ Ù„ «âß «Hõi‚ [~ÚOz# ~å¢ëêìÅÖ’=ÚÅHõ Õâ◊O LOk. Wk ÃÑ·~î °#∞ „áêO`åxH =iÎã¨ ∞ÎO^Œx Kåi„`«‰õ ΩÅ Éè Ï=#. HÍh `«~åfiu HÍÅOÖ’ D

¿Ñ~° ∞ WÑ¨ Ê\ Hõ_»Ñ lÖÏ¡Ö’ H˘O`« Éè ÏQÍxH K≥Å∞¡ « ∂ =zÛOk.

HÍãÅ<å_» ∞ J<Õ „áêO`«O `≥ÅOQÍÏÖ’x Ñ~î å<£ K≥~° ∞=Ù (á⁄@¡ K≥~° ∞=Ù) Ñiã~° „Ñ¨ Õâ◊O. PO„^è ŒxÜ≥ ∂y „ÉÏÇ¨ Ï‡∞ÅÖ’ ‰õ Ä_® Ñ¨ Ó~° fiO '<å_» ∞— qÉè ÏQÍÅ∞ LO_Õq. =∞Ç¨ Hõq N<å ä Œ ∞_» ∞ 'áêHõ<å\O\˜

"å_»=Ù— Jx ã¨OÉ’kèOÑ|_®¤_» ∞. xÜ≥ ∂QÆ ∞ÅÖ’ KåÖÏ „Ñã≤kú QÆÅ P~° ∞ "ÕÅ âßYÅ "å~° ∞ 'P~° ∞ "ÕÅ<å_» ∞—‰õ ΩK≥Ok#"åà◊ √§. D P~° ∞"ÕÅ <å_» ∞ "≥Å<å_» ∞‰õ Ω =∂~° ∞¿Ñ~° ∞. "≥Å<å_» ∞ P~° ∞"ÕÅ „QÍ=∂Å Ñiq∞u HõÅk



162 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

17. K« Œ ∞=Ù (Hõ ä •xHõ )– •â◊ ~° kä ~° OQÍKå~° º

Ñ¨ iK«Ü« ∞O :

ˆ H`« ∞ qâ◊ fi<å^ä Œ Ô ~_ç ¤, áÈÅ∞ ã¨ « º<å~åÜ« ∞QÍ~° ∞¡ ãOHõÅ#O KÕã≤# 'K« Œ ∞=Ù Hõ ä ŒÅ∞— J<Õ Hõ ä •ãOÑ¨ Ù\˜#∞O_ç ^•â◊~°kä ~°OQÍKå~° º QÍ~° ∞ ~° zOz# 'K« Œ ∞=Ù— Hõ ä •xHõ „QÆ Ç≤ ÏOK«|_çOk.

D K« Œ ∞=Ù Hõ ä •xHõÖ’ "≥OHõ\ J<Õ ¿Ñ ŒÉÏÅ∞_ç rq «O ZO « ^Œ ∞~° ƒù~°OQÍ LO^À ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞ÎOk. J «_» ∞ÉÏxã¨ « fiÑ¨ Ù ãOÔ Hà◊ §Ö’ zH˜ ¯ Ç‘ Ï#ã≤ ÷uÖ’ ŒÜ« ∞hÜ« ∞OQÍ „|`« ∞‰õ Ω`« ∞O\Ï_» ∞. JÖÏO\˜ ÉÏÅ∞_» ∞ K« Œ ∞=Ù g∞^ŒPãH˜ Î À ÉÏxã¨ « fiÑ¨ Ù ãOÔ Hà◊ §#∞ Kè ÕkOK« ∞H˘x „ÑÉè í ∞`« fiO U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤# q^•º=HÍâßÅ#∞ ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞H˘xK« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ=_®xH =ÚO Œ ∞‰õ Ω ™êQÆ ∞`å_» ∞.

D Hõ^ä•xHõ ^•fi~å ã¨=∂[OÖ’ XHõ =~°æO ¿Ñ^Œ"åix ^ÀK«∞H˘<Õ q^è•#O `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. ^•xfl x"åiOK«_®xH˜ „Ñ¨Éèí∞`«fiO KÕã≤# ÉÏÅ HÍi‡Hõ K«\Ïìxfl LÑ¨Ü≥∂yOK«∞HÀ=_»O ¿Ñ^Œ q^•º~°∞÷Å∞K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ=_®xH „ÑÉè í ∞`« fiO Hõ eÊOz# Lz`« =ã¨ « ∞Å#∞ `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞HÀ=_»O, K« Œ ∞=Ù „áê^è •#º`«#∞ ≥ÅÊ_»OJ<Õq D Hõ ä •xHõ =ÚYº L Õ ÌâßÅ∞.

"≥OHõ \ n#ã≤ ÷ u :

"≥OHõ\H Hõ_» ∞Ñ¨ ÙÖ’ ¿ÑQÆ ∞ÖË ¡=Ù. XO\Ö’ HõO_»ÖË Œ ∞. Hõà◊ §Ö’¡ "≥Å∞QÆ ∞ ÖË Œ ∞. K≥OÑÖ’¡ #∞#∞Ñ¨ Ù ÖË Œ ∞.J~Ú<å „|`« ∞‰õ Ω`« ∞<åfl_» ∞. JO`ÕHÍ Œ ∞ Ñ¨x KÕã¨ ∞Î<åfl_» ∞.

"≥OHõ\x _®Hõ ì~° ∞¡ K« ∂_»ÖËkO «=~°‰õ Ω. K« ∂ã≤ LO>Ë Pâ◊ Û~° ºÑ_çáÈÜÕ ∞"å~° ∞. J`«_» ∞ =Ü« ∞ã¨ ∞‰õ Ω `«y#Z`« ∞Î ÖË_» ∞. |~° ∞=Ù ÖË_» ∞. J`«x PÇ¨ ~°OÖ’ q@q∞#∞¡ ÖË=Ù. „áÈ\©#∞¡ ÖË=Ù. JãÅ∞ PÇ¨ ~°O ÖË Œ ∞. Pâ◊ Û~° ºOHõ •! =∞i _®Hõ ì~° ¡‰õ Ω. J`«#∞ rqã¨ ∞Î#flO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω! JO`ÕHÍ Œ ∞ Ñ¨x KÕã¨ ∞Î#flO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω ‰õ Ä_®.

"≥OHõ\ ÃÑ Œ Ì "å_» ∞ HÍ^Œ ∞. Ñ¨ Õà◊ § Ñã≤ "å_» ∞. áêÅ|∞QÆ æÅ`À LO_®eû"å_» ∞. |_çÖ’ K« Œ ∞=Ù`« ∂ LO_®eû# "å_» ∞. P@ÅÖ’ áÈ\© Ñ_®eû#"å_» ∞. Ñ≤Å¡Å`À u~°QÍeû# "å_» ∞. `« e¡ ŒO„_» ∞Å QÍ~å|O <ÀK« ∞HÀ"åeû# "å_» ∞.

"≥OHõ\ Éè ÏqÉè Ï~° «áœ~° ∞_» ∞. ™ê=∂lHõ âßGAÅ∞ J`« ˜ ‚ K« ∂_»ÖË Œ ∞. K« ∂¿ãÎ J`«#∞ ã=∂*ÏxH Éè Ï~°OJ=Ù`å_»x K≥ ¿ÑÊ"åˆ ~. <Õ~åÅ∞ KÕã≤ rq™êÎ_»x, =∞~˘Hõix „| «Hõx=fi_»x, `å#∂ „|`«Hõ_»x!

"≥OHõ\ Ñ¨ Õà◊ §ˆ H Jxfl ÉÏ è Œ º`«Å∂ x~° fiÇ≤ Ïã¨ ∞Î<åfl_» ∞. "≥OHõ\ Z^ŒQÆÖË Œ ∞. Z^ŒQÆ_®xH HÍ"åeû# uO_çÖË Œ ∞. á⁄\˜ ìQÍ LO\Ï_» ∞. J`«x â◊s~°OÖ’ HõO_»ÖË Œ ∞. HÍ|\˜ ì Z=ÚHõÅ‰õ Ω K«~° ‡O `˘_çy#@∞¡ |Hõ ¯QÍ

LO\Ï_» ∞. J`«xH _˘Hõ ¯ L#fl@∞¡ HõxÑ≤OK« Œ ∞. Jk Ö’`« ∞QÍ "≥o§ gÑ¨ Ù‰õ Ω JO@∞‰õ ΩOk. "≥#∂fl _˘HÍ¯ XHõ>Ë<Õ "≥ ∂ JxÑ≤ã¨ ∞ÎOk. J «x â◊s~°O g∞^Œ |@ìÅ∞O_»=Ù. #_» ∞=Ú‰õ Ω XHõ xHõ ¯~° ∞ LO@∞Ok. K« ∂_»QÍ<ÕJk J`«xk HÍ Œx `≥ eã≤áÈ`« ∞Ok. XHõ zOÑ≤i QÆ ∞_» ¤ `«Å‰õ Ω K« ∞@∞ì‰õ ΩO\Ï_» ∞. `«Å g∞k "≥O„@∞HõÅ∞



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 163

Z„~°QÍ LO\Ï~Ú. Hõà◊ √§ Ñ‘‰õ Ω¯áÈ~Ú ZO_ç# K≥~° ∞=ÙÖÏ¡QÍ LO\Ï~Ú. |∞QÆ æÖ’¡ =∂OãO ÖË Œ ∞. J`«x=Ú‰õ Ω¯ ÃÑ^Œ ÌQÍ LO@∞Ok.

^˘~° ^ŒQÆ æ~° "≥OHõ\ ÉÏxãQÍ L<åfl_» ∞. ^˘~°Å∞ ZHõ ¯_» ∞<åfl~°x g∞~° ∞ J_»QÆ=K« ∞Û. x*ÏO #"å|∞`À<Õ^˘~°Å∞ áÈÜ« ∂~°x g∞ Jaè„áêÜ« ∞O HÍ=K« ∞Û. KåÖÏ =∞OkH ÖÏˆ Q g∞‰õ Ω ‰õ Ä_® "åã¨ Î "åÅ∞ `≥ eÜ« ∞=Ù.

^˘~° «<åÅ∞ áÈ~Ú<å ^˘~°Å∞ áÈÖË Œ ∞. WOHÍ ÉÏxãÅ∞ ZHõ ¯_» ∞<åfl~°x g∞‰õ Ω J#∞=∂#O HõÅ∞QÆ=K« ∞Û.ÉÏxã¨ « fiO áÈ~ÚOk HÍh ÉÏxãÅ∞ áÈÖË Œ ∞.

"≥OHõ\ ^˘~° Ñ¨â◊ √=ÙÅ#∞ HÍ™êÎ_» ∞. L^ŒÜ« ∞"Õ ∞ =zÛ Ñâ◊ √=ÙÅ ¿Ñ_» T_» ∞™êÎ_» ∞. áêÅ∞ Ñ≤ « ∞‰õ Ω`å_» ∞.Ñâ◊ √=ÙÅ#∞ J_»qÖ’ ÑQÆÅO`å HÍ™êÎ_» ∞. ™êÜ« ∞OHÍÅO "å\x ÀÅ∞H˘x =zÛ Hõ>Ë ìã≤ "Õ ∞`« "Õ™êÎ_» ∞. hà◊ √§`À_ç ‰õ Ω_çu Hõ eÑ≤, Ñâ◊ √=ÙÅ‰õ Ω `åÑ≤, áêÅ∞ Ñ≤ « ∞‰õ Ω`å_» ∞. =ÚQÆ ∞æ À ÖÏO`«~° ∞¡ `« ∞_ç z "≥ ey™êÎ_» ∞. WO\˜H˜áÈ`« ∞#fl@∞¡ ^˘~°‰õ Ω K≥|∞`å_» ∞. ^˘~° WOHÍ q∞ye# Ñ¨#∞Å‰õ Ω Ñ¨ Ù~°=∂~Ú™êÎ_» ∞. JÑ¨ C_» ∞ q∞ye# Ñ#∞Å∞

‰õ Ä_» KÕã≤# `«~åfi`« "≥OHõ\ `«Å QÆ ∞_» ¤ qÑ≤ Ê <ÕÅ g∞ Œ Ñi¿ãÎ JO Œ ∞Ö’H ^˘~° ™ÈÖ_» ∞ yO[Å∞ áÈ™êÎ_» ∞.WHõ "≥OHõ_» ∞ WO\ À= Ñ_®Î_» ∞. J`«_» ∞ QÍ#∞QÆ Z^Œ ∞ÌÖÏO\˜ "å_» ∞. J`«_» ∞ Ñã≤ "å_» ∞ HÍ|\˜ ì QÍ#∞QÆ Œ ∂_»J#=K« ∞Û. J~Ú`Õ ^Œ ∂_»Å#∞ QÍ#∞QÆÅ‰õ Ω Hõ@ì~° ∞. =∞#∞+¨ µÅ‰õ Ω P ã¨ ∂„`«O =iÎOK« Œ ∞.

„Ñ¨â◊flÅ∞

1. "≥OHõ\ n#ã≤ ÷ux QÆ ∞iOz =i‚OK«O_ç?2. "≥OHõ\ Z=~° ∞? J`«#∞ KÕã¨ ∞Î#fl Ñ#∞ÖËq∞\’ q=iOK«O_ç?

V

K« Œ ∞=ÙÃÑ· PãH˜ Î :

XHõ<å_» ∞ "≥OHõ\ ^˘~° WO\’¡ ÖÏO`«~° ∞¡ `« ∞_ç z "≥ eyOKå_» ∞. "≥OHõ\ ÖÏO`«~° ∞ Ñ@∞ìH˘x pHõ\˜QÆkÖ’H „Ñ¨ "ÕtOKå_» ∞. P QÆkÖ’ XHõ |Å¡ Ô ~O_» ∞ ‰õ ΩsÛÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. XHõ ‰õ ΩsÛ g∞^Œ ^˘~° H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω‰õ Ä~° ∞Û<åfl_» ∞. =Ú^Œ ∞ÌQÍ ÉÁ Œ ∞ÌQÍ L<åfl_» ∞. =∞~À ‰õ ΩsÛÖ’ ÑO`« ∞Å∞ ‰õ Ä~° ∞Û<åfl_» ∞. |Å¡ g∞ Œ Ñ¨ Ùã¨ ÎHõOLOk. "≥OHõ\ ÖÏO`«~° ∞ ÃÑ@ì_»O`À "≥Å∞QÆ ∞ =zÛOk. ÑO`« ∞Å∞ K≥Ñ¨ Ù`« ∞O>Ë ^˘~°a_» ¤ K« Œ ∞=Ù`« ∞<åfl_» ∞.

"≥OHõ\ K« ∂ã¨ ∞Î<åfl_» ∂, qO@∞<åfl_» ∞.

'K« Œ ∞=ÙÖ’ ãHõÅO LOk. K« Œ ∞=Ù <ÕiÛ#"å_» ∞ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê"å_» ∞HÍ=K« ∞Û. q^Œ ºÖËx"å_» ∞ qO`« Ñâ◊ √=Ù—.

"≥OHõ\ `« ÕHõOQÍ K« ∂ã¨ ∂Î `«#‡Ü« Ú_≥ · qO@∞<åfl_» ∞. J`«xH |Ü« ∞\ „ÑÑOK« "Õ ∞ `≥ eÜ« ∞_»O ÖË Œ ∞.^˘~° =zÛ QÆkÌOKÕ •HÍ, J «_» ∞ D Ö’HõOÖ’ ÖË_» ∞. ^˘~° `«iq∞ Õ |Ü« ∞@H˘KåÛ_» ∞.

"≥OHõ\ `«=∞ QÆ ∞_ç Ãã‰õ Ω =KåÛ_» ∞. J`«x `« e¡ =Ú`« Î=∞‡ ‰õ ΩH˜ ¯=∞OK«OÖ’ Ñ_» ∞H˘x LOk. P WO\’¡nÑO q∞∞‰õ Ω q∞∞‰õ Ω=∞O\’Ok. HÍh, Jq Ug "≥OHõ\ QÆ=∞xOK«ÖË Œ ∞.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 165

^˘~° ^Ò+¨ ìºO :

`≥Å¡ "åiOk. =∂=¸Å∞ Ñ#∞Ö’¡ =ÚxyáÈÜ« ∂_» ∞ "≥OHõ\. ™êÜ« ∞OHÍÅ=∞~ÚOk. "≥OHõ\ ÖÏO`«~° ∞¡`« ∞_çKå_» ∞. =Ú\˜ ìOz# ÖÏO «~° ∞ Ñ@∞ìH˘x ˘~°=ÚO Œ ∞ «Å=OK« ∞H˘x xÅ|_®¤_» ∞. U^À J_»QÍÅ#∞‰õ Ω<åfl_» ∞HÍx J_»QÆÖËHõáÈÜ« ∂_» ∞.

^˘~° ã≤QÆ Ô ~@∞ì "≥ eyOK« ∞H˘O@∂ 'UOk~°, U"≥ ∂ #ã¨ ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞<åfl=Ù. `˘O^Œ~°QÍ J^Õ À U_» fi~å— JxJ<åfl_» ∞.

'^˘~° <Õ#∞ K« Œ ∞=Ù‰õ ΩO\Ï— Jx "≥OHõ_» ∞ J<åfl_» ∞.

'g_» ∞ K« Œ ∞=Ù‰õ ΩO\Ï_»O@<Õ — Jx Q˘Å∞¡# #"åfi_» ∞ ˘~°. 'K« Œ ∞=ÙH˘x ˘~° «#O KÕ™êÎ=ÙÉË...áÈ...áÈ...ÖÏO`«~°Hõ ¯_» ÃÑ\˜ ìáÈ. WO\’¡ g∞ J=∞‡ K« ∂ã¨ ∞ÎOk— J<åfl_» ∞.

"≥OHõ\ JHõ ¯_ç #∞O_ç Hõ ŒÖË ¡ Œ ∞.

'K≥Ñ¨ Ù`« ∞O>Ë q#Ñ_» •! áÈ~å QÍ_ç Œ H˘_»HÍ! ÑO`« ∞Å∞ =zÛ LO\Ï_» ∞— Jx ^˘~° J<åfl_» ∞.

'^˘~° ! <å‰õ Ω K«^Œ ∞=ÙHÀ"åÅx LOk— Jx "≥OHõ\ J<åfl_» ∞.

^˘~° HÀÑO`À TyáÈÜ« ∂_» ∞. 'K« Œ ∞=Ù‰õ ΩO\Ï"å QÍ_ç Œ H˘_»∞Hõ — Jx Hõ„~° JO^Œ∞H˘x "≥OHõ\˜xÉÏ^•_»∞ ^˘~°. "≥OHõ\˜ KÕuÖ’x ÖÏO`«~°∞ „HÕ^ŒÑ¨_ç ÑÿeáÈ~ÚOk. P ^≥|ƒÅ‰õΩ "≥OHõ\˜ Xà◊√§

¿ÑeáÈ~ÚOk. P ã¨=∞Ü« ∞OÖ’ QÆkÖ’ ‰õ Ä~° ∞Û#fl ÑÖ`« ∞Å∞, ^˘~° H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω, ^˘~° Éè Ï~° º JO^Œ~° ∂ Ñ¨~° ∞QÆ ∞Ñ~° ∞QÆ ∞# =KåÛ~° ∞.

"≥OHõ\ Xà◊ √§ z\˜ ¡ ~°Hõ ÎO HÍ~° ∞`ÀOk.

'J^Õq∞\ Ñ≤Å¡ "åx „áêO f¿ã™êÎ "å? "å_» ∞ K« ¿ãÎ =∞#g∞^ŒH˘ã¨ ∞ÎOk— J#flk ^˘~°Éè Ï~° º. Hõ„~° qizáêˆ ~âß_» ∞ ^˘~°. 'D <å H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω K« Œ ∞=Ù‰õ ΩO\Ï_»@ K« Œ ∞=Ù— Jx ÃÑ^Œ Ì ÃÑ Œ Ì J_» ∞QÆ ∞Å∞ "Õã¨ ∂Î WO\’¡H˜

"≥àÏ§_» ∞ ^˘~°.

"≥OHõ\ U_»=ÖË Œ ∞. QÍÜ« ∂Å`À<Õ ÖË z, "≥ ∞@∞¡ ky pHõ\Ö’<Õ WO\H "≥o§áÈÜ« ∂_» ∞.

Jk K« ∂ã≤# ^˘~° H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù`À '™ê~ü ! <å#fl ZO^Œ ∞‰õ Ω "≥OHõ\x H˘\Ïì_» ∞— Jx J_çQÍ_» ∞.

'"≥OHõ_» ∞ K«^Œ ∞=Ù‰õ ΩO\Ï#x J<åfl_»@— Jx QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù ^˘~°H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω`À J<åfl_» ∞.

QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù =∂@Å∞ q#fl ˘~°H˘_» ∞‰õ Ω '=∞i <Õ#∞ K« Œ ∞=Ù‰õ ΩO@∞<åfl#∞ Hõ •?— Jx J_çy# J=∂Ü« ∞HõÑ¨ Ù

„Ñâ◊ fl‰õ Ω QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù ["å|∞ K≥Ñ¨ ÊÖËHõáÈÜ« ∂_» ∞. HÍ^Œ ∞, K≥Ñ¨ ÊÖË_» ∞.



166 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

„Ñ¨â◊fl

1. "≥OHõ_» ∞ K« Œ ∞=Ù‰õ ΩO\Ï#x ^˘~°#∞ J_çy#Ñ¨ Ù_» ∞ [iy# ÑiÏ=∂Å∞ Uq∞\?

V

K« Œ ∞=Ù H˘~°‰õ Ω „ÑÜ« ∞ « flO :

"≥OHõ\ `« e¡x K« ∂ã≤ Éè ’~° ∞# U_®Û_» ∞. `« e¡ „áêO qÅqÖÏ¡_çOk. HÀÑO á⁄OQÆ ∞ H˘zÛOk. PHÀÑÖÖ’ ^˘~°#∞ xÅn¿ã Õ ! ^Œ ∞e¿Ñ¿ã^Õ ! HÍx `«#∞ ÉÏxã. P"≥ ∞‰õ Ω ‰õ Ä_® =∞#ã¨ ∞O^Œx P"≥ ∞ Ãã· «OQÆ ∞iÎOK«ÖË Œ ∞. `«#Ö’ `å<Õ U_ç ÛOk. JO`Õ ! HõhãO â◊Ñ≤OK«ÖË Œ ∞.

P ~å„u W^Œ Ì~° ∂ LÑ¨ "åãO.

QÍÜ« ∂Å~Ú# â◊s~°O`À<Õ ÑxÖ’H "≥àÏ§_» ∞ "≥OHõ\. ÖÏO`«~° ∞#∞ QÆkÖ’H ÃÑ>Ë ìÑx `˘ÅyOKå_» ∞^˘~°. WKÕ Û yO[Å∞ ã¨QÍxH `«yæOKå_» ∞. J~° ™ÈÖ_» ∞ yO[Å∞ K≥O|∞Ö’ áÈ¿ãÎ Hõà◊ §Ö’¡ hà◊ √¡ uiQÍ~Ú.^˘~° "≥ ·Ñ¨ Ù *ÏeQÍ K« ∂âß_» ∞. ^˘~° =∞x+~Ú Õ P K« ∂Ñ¨ ÙÅ‰õ Ω HõiyáÈÜÕ ∞"å_Õ ! ^˘~° Hõ~°QÆÖË Œ ∞.

"≥OHõ\ ^˘~°HÍà◊ §g∞^ŒÑ_ç U_®Û_» ∞. '^˘~° ! <Õ#∞ K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ#∞— Jx Hõhflà◊ §`À J<åfl_» ∞. K«^Œ ∞=ÙHõO>ËyO[Å∞ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê=x `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞‰õΩ<åfl_» ∞ "≥OHõ\˜ ! D q+Ü« ∞O ^˘~°‰õ Ω "≥ Ú^Œ\ #∞O_ç ≥Å∞ã¨ ∞. JO^Œ∞ˆ HJ~°™ÈÖ_» ∞#∞ ™ÈÖ_» ∞ KÕÜ« ∞ÖË Œ ∞.

"≥OHõ\ r`«O KÕã¨ ∂Î<Õ L<åfl_» ∞. «Ñ¨ Ê^Œ ∞ =∞i. J`«xH XHõ "åã¨ Î=O ≥ eã≤ =zÛOk. ˘~°‰õ Ω K« Œ ∞=O>ËÉè íÜ« ∞O. HÍ|\˜ ì «#∞ K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ"åe. P «Ñ# J «xfl =^ŒÅ_»O ÖË Œ ∞. Ñã≤QÆ ∞O_≥Ö’ Ñi`åÑO Z‰õ Ω¯"≥ ·Ok.

"≥OHõ\ XHõ ~ÀA ~å„u ÑO`« ∞Å∞ WO\ Ô HàÏ§_» ∞. `«Å∞Ñ¨ Ù `«_ç Õ ÑO`« ∞Å∞ fâß_» ∞. P ~å„u "Õà◊Ö’ "≥OHõ\x K« ∂ã≤ Pâ◊ Û~° ºáÈÜ« ∂_» ∞.

'^˘~°Ñ≤ eKå_®— Jx ÑO`« ∞Å∞ J_çQÍ_» ∞.

'HÍ ŒO_ç <Õ<Õ =KåÛ#∞—

'Uq∞\ ãÖQÆu—

'K« Œ ∞=Ù HÀ"åÅx L#fl^ŒO_ç ! <å‰õ Ω K« Œ ∞=Ù K≥áêÎ~å! ~å„u"Õà◊ =™êÎ#∞. ˘~°‰õ Ω ≥ e¿ãÎ „áêO f™êÎ_» ∞—ÑO`« ∞Å∞ QÆ ∞O_≥ HõiyOk. K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ"åÅx ZO`« `«Ñ# LOk. D ‰õ Ω„~å_çH K« Œ ∞=Ù ÖË Œ ∞. ^˘~° H˘_» ∞H˜ ¯ ZO`« K≥Ñ≤ Ê<å ~å Œ ∞. J@∞=O\ ^˘~° H˘_» ∞H˜ ¯ K« Œ ∞=Ù K≥áêÊe. qO «QÍ LOk Ñïã≤ ÷u.

'^˘~°H˘\˜ ìOk =∞~° záÈÜ« ∂"å!— Jx J_çQÍ_» ∞ ÑÖ`« ∞Å∞.'^˘~°H˘\˜ ì<å_» ∞ HÍ|>Ë ì <å‰õ Ω K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ"åÅx LOk. ~å„u"Õà◊ =™êÎ#∞. <å‰õ Ω K« Œ ∞=Ù K≥áêÎ~å?—



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 167

'"≥OHõ\© ! Ñ@ì ÏxH áÈQÆ ∂_» Œ ∂! K« Œ ∞=Ù K≥Ñ≤ Ê, _»|∞ƒÅ∞ W™êÎ~° ∞.—

'ZÖÏ áÈ`å#O_ç? =∂ <å#fl ^˘~°‰õ Ω Jq∞‡<å_» ∞. WHõ K«KÕ Û^•HÍ ÉÏxã<Õ ! ZÖÏ áÈ å#∞ K≥Ñ¨ ÊO_ç'

'"≥OHõ\˜ ! H˘`« Î „ÑÉè í ∞`« fi P~° ¤~° ∞ =zÛOk ≥Å∞™ê! ÉÏxãQÍ Ñx KÕ~ÚOK« ∞HÀ=_»O <Õ~°O. h ÉÏxã¨ «#O

áÈ~ÚOk. h=Ù q_» ∞^ŒÅÜ« ∂º=Ù WHõ ^˘ˆ ~q∞ KÕÜ« ∞ÖË_» ∞ x#∞fl—.'U=∞<åfl~°O_ô ÑO`« ∞Å∞QÍ~° ∞? ˘~°|ÅO áÈ~ÚO^• <Õ#∞ ÉÏxã#∞ HÍ<å? ##∞fl ^ ˆ ~g∞ KÕÜ« ∞ÖË_®?

ÑO`« ∞Å∞QÍ~° ∂ h HÍà◊ √§ "≥ Ú‰õ Ω¯`å! <å áêe@ ^Õ=Ù_çq— Jx ÑO`« ∞efl H©iÎOKå_» ∞ "≥OHõ\.

"≥OHõ\ `« e¡ ^ŒQÆ æiH Ñ~° ∞Ô Q`åÎ_» ∞. QÆ\˜ ìQÍ ˆ HHõ "Õã≤ K≥áêÊ_» ∞. 'J=∂‡ =∞#O ÉÏxãÅO HÍ=Ú. H˘`« Î„ÑÉè í ∞`« fiO P~° ¤~˘zÛOk. =∞#O Ñ@ì O áÈ^•O. <Õ#∞ K« Œ ∞=Ù‰õ ΩO\Ï!—

=Ú`« Î=∞‡ Hõà◊ §Ö’ "≥Å∞QÆ ∞Å∞ HõxÑ≤OKå~Ú. ¿ãfiK« ÛùÖ’ ZO`«\ "≥Å∞QÆ ∞O^À HõxÑ≤OzOk.

'x[=∂ <åÜ« ∞<å! =∞#O ÉÏxãÅ∞ HÍ=∂! ^˘~°|ÅO K« zÛáÈ~ÚO^•?— P"≥ ∞ =∂@Ö’¡x P#O^ŒOJHõ ∆ ~åÅ‰õ Ω JO^Œ Œ ∞.

`≥Å¡ "å~°QÍ<Õ ÑÅHÍ Ñ¨ Ùã¨ ÎHõO Ñ@∞ìH˘x ˘~° WO\H "≥àÏ§_» ∞ "≥OHõ\. ˘~° x~° ∞`« Î~° ∞_»~Ú<å_» ∞ "≥OHõ\xK«∂ã≤!

'^˘~å! <Õ#∞ K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ=_®xH Ñ@ì ÏxH áÈ « ∞<åfl#∞— "≥OHõ\Ö’ QÆ~° fiO HõxÑ≤OzOk.

^˘~°Ö’ Ñ_»QÆ <ÕÅ‰õ Ω H˘@∞ì‰õ ΩO@∞#fl áê=Ú HõxÑ≤OzOk.

„Ñ¨â◊flÅ∞

1. "≥OHõ\H K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ"åÅ#fl Ñ@∞ì ŒÅ ZÖÏ =zÛOk?2. "≥OHõ\ K« Œ ∞=ÙHÀ=_®xH Uq∞ KÕâß_» ∞?

V



168 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 169

"åºHõ~° O



170 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 171

18. Kè «O^Œ ã¨ ∞û

„Ñ¨ ™êÎ =# :

"Õ •Å∞ ≥ ·=xˆ ~Ìâ◊O Jx =∞# Ñ¨ Ó~° ∞fiÅ #=∞‡HõO. "å\H J#∞QÆ ∞OQÍ<Õ D "Õ •OQÍÅ∞ ‰õ Ä_®^≥ ·=^Œ « Î "≥ ∞ÿ#q. Hõ#∞Hõ "Õ •OQÍÖ’¡ Éè ÏQÆ "≥ ∞ÿ# Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û Ñ~° "Õ ∞â◊ fi~° ∞x #∞O_ç Ñ~°OÑ~°OQÍ Éè í ∂Ö’HÍxH˜„ÑÜ« ∂OzO^Œx Kè «O^Œâß≈G ~°K«# KÕã≤# Hõ=ÙÅ∞ JO^Œ~° ∂ ¿Ñ~˘¯#_»O [iyOk. <Õ_» ∞ D "Õ •OQÍÖËâß¢™êÎÅ∞QÍ Ñi_è »qÅ∞¡ « ∞<åfl~Ú. JO^Œ ∞Ö’ Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û, "åºHõ~° O ™êÇ≤ Ï`« º ã¨ $+≤ ìH ™Èáê<åÖˇ · xÅ∞ã¨ ∞Î<åfl~Ú.

x~° fiK« #O :

Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û XHõ âßGO. Wk Ñ¨ Œ º ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ#∞ `≥ eÜ« ∞KÕã¨ ∞ÎOk. Ñ¨ Œ ºO ZÖÏ „"åÜ« ∂e? ^•x ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞

ZÖÏ LO\Ï~Ú? PÜ« ∂ Ñ¨ •ºÅ#∞ „"åÜ« ∞@OÖ’ áê\˜OK«=Åã≤# xÜ« ∞=∂Å∞ Uq∞? J<Õ q+Ü« ∂Å#∞q=iOKÕk Kè «O^Œâß≈GO. 'Kè «k PÇ¨ ¡ Œ<Õ — J<Õ ^è •`« ∞=Ù #∞O_ç 'Kè «O^Œãπ — J<Õ Ñ¨ ŒO U~° Ê_çOk. J#QÍ'PÇ¨ ¡ •xfl Hõ eyã¨ ∂Î XHõ ÅÜ« ∞ Hõ eyOk— Jx J~° ÷O. 'Kè «k ãO=~° Ë — – Jx =∞~˘Hõ =Ùº « ÊuÎ. 'ãO=~° O—JO>Ë P=iOK«_»O Jx J~° ÷O. =∞#Ö’ Ñ¨ Ù>Ë ì Éè Ï"åÅ`À ‰õ Ä_ç# J<ÕHõ "åHÍºÅ∞ XHõ qÅHõ ∆ "≥ ∞ÿ# x~å‡Ïxfl á⁄O^Œ@O – Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û J#=K« ∞Û.

„ÑÜ≥ ∂[#O :

Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û#∞ P^è •~°O KÕã¨ ∞H˘x Hõq`« fiO Ñ¨ Œ ºOQÍ#∞, â’¡HõOQÍ#∞ ~° ∂áêxfl •Å∞Û`« ∞Ok. "Õ ŒO Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_» ∞Jx =∞#O J#∞H˘O>Ë P "Õ^ŒÑ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µxH Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û áê^ŒO =O\k. áê^•Å∞ ÖË‰õ ΩO_® Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_» ∞ ZÖÏ#_»=ÖË_À JÖÏˆ Q "Õ Œ Ñ¨ Ù~° ∞+¨ µ_» ∞ ‰õ Ä_® Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û ÖË‰õ ΩO_® #_»=ÖË_» ∞ Jx áêx ^ŒQÆ æ~° #∞Oz JÑ¨ ÊHõq=~°‰õ Ω JO^Œ~° ∂ Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ „ÑÜ≥ ∂[<åxfl Xˆ H q è ŒOQÍ K≥áêÊ~° ∞.

Ñ¨ Œ ºO ≥Å∞QÆ ∞"åi ™⁄`« ∞Î. D Ñ¨ Œ ºO Ü≥ ÚHõ ¯ x~å‡Ïxfl Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û xˆ ~Ìtã¨ ∞ÎOk. Ñ¨ Œ ºO â◊ $u „¿ÑÜ« ∞OQÍLO_ç ÅÜ« ∞|^Œ úOQÍ áê_» ∞HÀ=_®xH gÅ∞QÍ LO_Õ@@∞¡ KÕã¨ ∂Î è •~° KÕÜ« ∞_®xH LÑHõiOKÕk Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û.

QÆ∞~° ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞ – "å\ ã fi~° ∂áêÅ∞ :

Ñ¨^ŒºO ^•x xÜ«∞=∂#∞™ê~°OQÍ áê^•Å∞QÍ qÉèílOÑ¨|_»∞`«∞Ok. P áê^•Å∞ QÆÏÅ g∞^ŒP^è •~°Ñ_» ∞`å~Ú. P QÆ ÏÅ∞ JHõ ∆ ~åÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Ö¡ U~° Ê_» ∞`å~Ú. Éè Ï+Ö’ L#fl JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ "å\ "å\˜ã¨ fi~° ∂áêÅ#∞|\˜ ì, ã¨ fiÉè Ï"åÅ#∞|\˜ ì Kè «O^Œâß≈GOÖ’ "å\H 'QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù – ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù— Jx ¿Ñ~° ∞ ÃÑ@ì_»O[iyOk. D QÆ ∞~° ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ HõÅ~Úˆ H QÆ ÏÅ∞. W"Õ Ñ¨ •ºxH˜ =¸ÖÏ è •~°O.

QÆ ∞~°∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞ – x~° fiK« <åÅ∞ :JHõ ∆ ~åÅ#∞ <À\˜ À Ñ¨ eˆ H@Ñ¨ C_» ∞ XHõ JHõ ∆ ~°O H˘O « ã¨=∞Ü« ∂xfl fã¨ ∞HÀ=@O [~° ∞QÆ ∞`ÀOk. JÖÏ

JHõ ∆ ~°O fã¨ ∞‰õ Ω<Õ ã=∞Ü« ∂xfl '=∂„`« — ¿Ñ~° ∞`À H˘Å∞ã¨ ∂Î Kè «O^Œâß≈GOÖ’ JHõ ∆ ~åÅ#∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞QÍ



172 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

QÆ ∞iÎOK«_»O [~° ∞QÆ ∞`« ∞Ok. XHõ JHõ ∆ ~°O ÑÅHõ_®xH˜ ™ê=∂#ºOQÍ ZO « ã=∞Ü« ∞O Ñ_» ∞`« ∞O^À P ã=∞Ü« ∞O`≥ eÜ« ∞KÕ ¿ãk =∂„`«. JO`ÕQÍHõ 'z\˜ Ô H—#∞ ‰õ Ä_® Kè «O^Œâß≈GOÖ’ '=∂„`« — Jx JO\Ï~° ∞.

ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù – x~° fiK« #O :

UHõ =∂„`åHÍÅOÖ’ J#QÍ XHõ 'z\˜ Ô H— "Õ ¿ã HÍÅOÖ’ ÑÅ∞Hõ|_Õ JHõ ∆ ~åÅ#∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù JO\Ï~° ∞. nxQÆ ∞~° ∞Î POQÆ ¡ Éè Ï+Ö’x 'I — =Ö LO@∞Ok.

QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù – x~° fiK« #O :

kfi=∂„`åHÍÅOÖ’ J#QÍ Ô ~O_» ∞ 'z\˜ Ô HÅ∞— "Õ ¿ã HÍÅOÖ’ Ñ¨Å∞Hõ|_Õ JHõ ∆ ~åÅ#∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù JO\Ï~° ∞.nx QÆ ∞~° ∞Î POQÆ ¡ Éè Ï+Ö’x 'U — =Ö LO@∞Ok.

ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù#∞ QÆ ∞iÎOK«_»O :1. „Ç¨ Ï™êfiHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞ : „Ç¨ Ï™êfiHõ ∆ ~°O J#QÍ á⁄\˜ ì JHõ ∆ ~°O.L^• : J – W – L – |∞∞ – Z – X "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

2. „Ç¨ Ï™êfiHõ ∆ ~åÅ`À ‰õ Ä_ç# Ç¨ ÏÅ∞¡Å∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞L^• : Hõ – Ñ – q∞ – K˘ – Ü≥ Ú "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

3. „Ç¨ Ïã¨ fi"≥ ∞ÿ# kfi`åfiHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞L^• : Hõ ¯ – Ü« ∞º – =∞‡ – #fl "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

4. „Ç¨ Ïã¨ fi"≥ ∞ÿ# ãOÜ« ÚHÍÎHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞L^• : Hõ ‡ – Ñ¨ Î – K« º – @fl "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

5. J~°ã¨ ∞#fl`À ‰õ Ä_ç# JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞L^• : Jñ @ñ

6. `Õ eÛ ÑÅ∞Hõ|_Õ ˆ ~Ñ¶ ¨ À ‰õ Ä_ç# JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ – ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞L^• : J„ Œ ∞K« ∞ – q„ Œ ∞K« ∞ – Hõ„^Œ ∞= "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù#∞ QÆ ∞iÎOK«_»O :

n~å… K« ∞ÛÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : P – D – T – |∞∂ – U – S – F – B

n~å… K« ∞ÛÅ`À ‰õ Ä_ç# Ç¨ ÏÅ∞¡Å∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : HÍ – w – =Ó – <À – "Õ ∞ "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q. n~å… Öˇ ·# kfi`åfiHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L • : HÍ¯ – =∂‡ – QÍæ – "åfi "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 173

n~å… Öˇ ·# ãOÜ« ÚHÍÎHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : HÍÊ – =∂º – QÍ‡ – "åfl "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

kfi`åfiHõ ∆ ~åÅ‰õ Ω =ÚO^Œ ∞#fl JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : JHõ ¯ – J=∞‡ – <å#fl "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

ãOÜ« ÚHÍÎHõ ∆ ~åÅ‰õ Ω =ÚO^Œ ∞#fl JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : xÅfi – Hõ#º – â◊H˜ Î "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

ã¨ ∞#fl`À ‰õ Ä_ç# JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : JO| – QÆOÑ – JO ŒO – K«O^ŒO – =∞O_» ∞ "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

qã~° æ À ‰õ Ä_ç# JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : =ó – Hõó – =∞ó "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

á⁄Å∞¡ À ‰õ Ä_ç# JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ : L^• : H˘O^Œi<£ – KÕÜ« Ú^Œ ∞<£ "≥ Ú^ŒÖˇ ·#q.

„Ñ¨â◊flÅ∞

1. Kè «O^Œã¨ ∞û#∞ x~° fizOz „Ñ¨Ü≥ ∂[<åÅ#∞ `≥ÅÑO_ç?2. QÆ ∞~° ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ#∞ QÆ ∞iÎOKÕ q^è •<åxfl `≥ÅÑO_ç?

V



174 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

QÆ O – ~° HÍÅ∞

JHõ ∆ ~åÅ zÇ¨ flÖˇ ·# QÆ ∞~° ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ ã=Ú^•Ü« ∞O QÆ O. D QÆ ÏÅ ã¨ fi~° ∂áêxfl |\˜ ì, ã¨ fiÉè Ï"åxfl |\˜ì Ô ~O_» ∞ ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ =sæHõiOK«=K« ∞Û.

1. ã¨ fi~° ∂áêxfl |\˜ ì QÆ ÏÅ qÉè í [# :

ã¨ fi~° ∂ÑO JO>Ë WHõ ¯_» JHõ ∆ ~åÅ =Å¡ U~° Ê_Õ QÆ ÏÅ∞. ã¨ fi~° ∂áêxfl |\˜ ì U~° Ê_Õ QÆ ÏÅ∞ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞~°HÍÅ∞QÍ L<åfl~Ú.

1. UHÍHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞ 2. Œ fi ºHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞

3. „`« ºHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞ 4. K« « ∞~åHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞1. UHÍHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞ :

Xˆ H JHõ ∆ ~°O QÆ OQÍ U~° Ê_»\Ïxfl UHÍHõ ∆ ~° QÆ O JO\Ï~° ∞. Wq Ô ~O_» ∞ q^è •Å∞.

=~° ∞ã¨ QÆ O ¿Ñ~° ∞ ÅHõ∆ O zÇ¨ÏflO L^•Ç¨Ï~°

1. Å – QÆ O XHõ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù I ~°1. QÆ – QÆ O XHõ QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù U áÈ

2. Œ fi ºHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞ :

Ô ~O_» ∞ JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ L#fl"å\˜ À U~° Ê_Õ QÆ ÏÅ#∞ ^Œ fi ºHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞ JO\Ï~° ∞. Wk <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ q^è •Å∞.

=~° ∞ã¨ QÆ O ¿Ñ~° ∞ ÅHõ∆ O zÇ¨ÏflO L^•Ç¨Ï~°1. ÅQÆO / =QÆ O XHõ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù

XHõ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙIU ~°=∂

2. QÆÅO / Ç¨ ÏQÆ O XHõ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙXHõ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù

UI ~åA

3. ÅÅO / 'ÖÏ—QÆ O Ô ~O_» ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞ II Å «4. QÆQÆO / 'QÍ—QÆ O Ô ~O_» ∞ QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ UU "å©



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 175

3. „ « ºHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞ :

=¸_» ∞ JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ Hõ eã≤ U~° Ê_Õ QÆ ÏÅ#∞ „`« ºHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞ JO\Ï~° ∞. Wq Zxq∞k q^è •Å∞. D =¸_»Hõ ∆ ~åÅQÆ ÏÅ‰õ Ω 'QÆ Ï+¨ ìHõO— J<Õ ¿Ñ~° ∞ HõÅ^Œ ∞.

=~° ∞ã¨1.

ÅHõ∆OQÆ O ¿Ñ~° ∞Éè í QÆ O

zÇ¨ÏflOUII

L^•Ç¨Ï~°~å=Ú_» ∞Pk QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù

2. [ QÆ O IUI qâße=∞^è Œ º QÆ ∞~°∞=Ù

3. ã QÆ O IIU ã¨ ∞=∞fJO « º QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù

4. =∞ QÆ O UUU N~å=∂Jxfl QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞

5. Ü« ∞ QÆ O IUU ~°"Õ∞âßPk ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù

6. ~° QÆ O UIU ~å=Ú_®=∞ è Œº ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù

7. « QÆ O UUI ~å~åAJO « º ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù

8. # QÆ O III Ü« ∞=Ú#Jxfl ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞

QÆ Ï+¨ ìHõ =Ú#∞ QÆ ∞iÎOK« ∞H˘#∞@‰õ Ω =∞~˘Hõ Ñ¨ Œ ú u :

=¸_»Hõ ∆ ~åÅ QÆ ÏÅ#∞ QÆ ∞iÎOK« ∞@‰õ Ω 'Ü« ∞ =∂ å ~å [ Éè Ï # ã Å QÆO— J<Õ "åHÍºxfl QÆ ∞~° ∞ÎOK« ∞HÀ"åe.WO^Œ ∞Ö’x XH˘¯Hõ ¯ JHõ ∆ ~°O XH˘¯Hõ ¯ QÆ Ïxfl K≥Ñ¨ Ù`« ∞Ok. =∞#‰õ Ω U QÆ OÖ’ Zxfl ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞, Zxfl QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙÅ∞ L<åflÜ≥ ∂ „HOk Ñ\˜ ìHõ `≥Å∞Ñ¨ Ù`« ∞Ok.

Ü«∞ =∂ `å ~å [ Éè Ï # ã¨ Å QÆO

I U U U I U I I I U



176 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

4. K« « ∞~åHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞ :

<åÅ∞QÆ ∞ JHõ ∆ ~åÅ`À Hõ eã≤ U~° Ê_Õ QÆ ÏÅ#∞ 'K« « ∞~åHõ ∆ ~° QÆ ÏÅ∞— Jx JO\Ï~° ∞. Wq =¸_» ∞ q è •Å∞.

=~° ∞ã¨ QÆ O ¿Ñ~° ∞ ÅHõ∆ O zÇ¨ÏflO L^•Ç¨Ï~°1. #ÅO #QÆ O XHõ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù IIII â◊√#Hõ=Ú

2. #QÆO #QÆ O XHõ QÆ ∞~° ∞=Ù IIIU #~°Ç¨ Ïs

3. ãÅO ãQÆ O XHõ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=Ù IIUI Hõ=∞ÖÏH˜∆

ã¨ fiÉè Ï"åxfl |\˜ ì QÆ qÉè í [# :

ã¨ fiÉè Ï=O JO>Ë QÆ ∞Ïxfl |\˜ ì QÆ ÏÅ#∞ Ô ~O_» ∞ ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ qÉè ílOKå~° ∞.

Jq 1. ã¨ ∂~° º QÆ ÏÅ∞, 2. WO„^ŒQÆ ÏÅ∞

1. ã¨ ∂~° º QÆ ÏÅ∞ : Wq Ô ~O_» ∞ ~°HÍÅ∞

=~° ∞ã¨ QÆ O ¿Ñ~° ∞ zÇ¨ÏflO L^•Ç¨Ï~°1. QÆÅO / Ç¨ ÏQÆ O

UI

â∫i2. #QÆO

III [Å[



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 177

2. WO„ Œ QÆ ÏÅ∞ :

Wq P~° ∞ ~°HÍÅ∞. WO^Œ ∞Ö’ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ JHõ ∆ ~°=ÚÅ∞ QÆÅ QÆ ÏÅ∞ =¸_» ∞, =¸_» ∞ JHõ ∆ ~°=ÚÅ∞ QÆÅ QÆ ÏÅ∞=¸_» ∞ HõÅ=Ù.

=~° ∞ã¨ QÆ O ¿Ñ~° ∞ zÇ¨ÏflO L^•Ç¨Ï~°1. #ÅO IIII q[Ü«∞=Ú

2. #QÆO IIIU =ÅÜ«∞=∂

3. ãÅO IIUI „Ñ≤Ü«∞~å˜

4. Éè íQÆ O UII

HÀÑ¨=Ú5. ~°QÆO UIU ~åQÆ "≥ ∞ÿ

6. «QÆO UUI ~å"åe

„Ñ¨â◊flÅ∞

1. ã¨ fi~° ∂áêxfl |\˜ ì QÆ ÏÅ∞ Zxfl ~°HÍÅ∞? Jq Uq?2. ã¨ fiÉè Ï"åxfl |\˜ ì QÆ ÏÅ∞ Zxfl ~°HÍÅ∞? Jq Uq?

V



178 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Ñ¨ Œ º Éè Ë^•Å∞

Ñ¨ iK«Ü« ∞O :

Ñ¨ •ºÅ#∞ |\˜ ì Éè Ë •Å∞ =¸_» ∞~°HÍÅ∞. Jq1. =$`åÎÅ∞

2. *Ï « ∞Å∞

3. LÑ*Ï`« ∞Å∞

1. =$`åÎ Å∞ :

JHõ ∆ ~°QÆ ÏÅKÕ « U~° Ê_Õq =$`åÎÅ∞. =$`« ÎO J#QÍ K«„HõO. J#QÍ =∞~°Å =∞~°Å Ñ¨ Ù#~å=$`«O JÜÕ ∞ºk. D xÜ« ∞=∞O „ÑHÍ~°O Ñ¨^•ºxH˜ xˆ ~ÌtOz# QÆ ∞~° ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ QÆ ÏÅ∞ „Ñuáê^ŒOÖ’ uiy J"Õ "å_»@O=Å¡ g\˜H =$`åÎÅx ¿Ñ~° ∞ =zÛOk. JO>Ë Ñ¨ •ºxH˜ xˆ ~ÌtOz# QÆ ∞~° ∞ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞ ã≤ ÷~°OQÍ LO\Ï~Ú.

L^• : 1. L « ÊÅ=∂Å2. K«OÑHõ=∂Å

3. âß~° ∂ÌÅ q„H©_ç «=Ú4. =∞`Õ ÎÉè í q„H©_ç «=Ú

2. *Ï « ∞Å∞ :

Wq =∂„`åQÆ ÏÅ KÕ « U~° Ê_» ∞`å~Ú. QÆ ∞~° ∞ ÅÑ¶ ¨ Ú=ÙÅ∞ ã≤ ÷~°O HÍ^Œ ∞. QÆ ÏÅ∞ Ñ¨ Ù#~å=$`«O HÍ=K« ∞Û.HÍHõáÈ=K« ∞Û. g\Ö’ LÑQÆ ÏÖˇ ·# ã¨ ∂~° º, WO„^Œ QÆ ÏÅ∞ "å_»|_» å~Ú. Ü« ∞u, „áêã¨ xÜ« ∞=∞O Hõ eyLO\Ï~Ú.

L^• : HõO^ŒO

3. LÑ *Ï « ∞Å∞ :

Wq `≥Å∞QÆ ∞‰õ Ω =∂„`« "Õ ∞ ãO|OkèOz# Ñ¨ •ºÅ∞. JO>Ë ãOã¨ ¯ $`« „ÑÉè Ï=O ÖËxq. Wq ‰õ Ä_®=∂„`«ÅÃÑ·# P è •~°Ñ_ç LO\Ï~Ú. HÍx *Ïu Ñ¨^•ºÅ‰õ Ω#fl „áêãxÜ« ∞=∞O g\Ö’ ÖË Œ ∞. HÍx '„áêã¨Ü« ∞u— "å_» ∞@‰õ Ω J=HÍâ◊O HõÅ^Œ ∞.

L^• : 1. Õ@wu2. P@"≥Åk3. ã‘ã=Ú



180 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Ü« ∞u : ≥ – ^Œ $, 11 = JHõ ∆ ~°O

„áê™êHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ :e – e =~° ∞ãQÍ Ô ~O_» ∞ áê^•Ö’¡x Ô ~O_À JHõ ∆ ~åÅq.

„Ñâ◊ fl :

1. L`« ÊÅ=∂Å =$`« Î Ñ¨ Œ º ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ#∞ L^•Ç¨ Ï~° Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHõOQÍ ≥ÅÊO_ç?3. âß~° ∂Ì ÅO – ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞

D Ñ¨ Œ ºOÖ’ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ áê^•Å∞O\Ï~Ú.

„Ñu áê ŒOÖ’ =∞ – ã – [ – ã¨ – « – « – QÆ J<Õ QÆ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú.

Ü« ∞u™ê÷#O – 13= JHõ ∆ ~°O

„áêã¨ xÜ« ∞=∞O LO@∞Ok

„Ñuáê ŒOÖ’ "≥ Ú`« ÎO 19 JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú.

L^• : P~°OaèOÑ~° ∞ hK« =∂#∞=ÙÅ∞ qÑ¶ ¨ ∂flÜ« ∂ã ã¨O„`«ã¨ ∞ÎÖˇ ·P~°OaèOz Ñi`« º lO`« ∞~° ∞~° ∞ qÑ¶ ¨ ∂flÜ« ∞`« ∞ÎÖˇ · =∞^è Œ º=ÚÖò

`≥ e q Ü≥ Ú HO `« ÖË x Ü≥ ∞ _» ^Œ $ Ñ¨ ÙÎ _» <≥ · Hõ i Éè íOy ã~° fi=Ú<£III

# [ Éè í [ [ [ ~°IUI UII IUI IUI IUI UIU

P ~°O aèO Ñ ~° ∞ h K« =∂ #∞ =Ù Å∞ q Ñ¶ ¨ ∂fl Ü« ∂ ã ãO „ « ã¨ ∞Î Öˇ ·UUU

=∞ ã¨ [ ã¨ « « QÆIIU IUI IIU UUI UUI U

Ü« ∞u : P – Ñ¶ ¨ ∂fl 13 = JHõ ∆ ~°O

„áê™êHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ : ~°O – ~°O. =~° ∞ãQÍ Ô ~O_» ∞ áê^•Ö’¡x Ô ~O_»= JHõ ∆ ~åÅq.

L^• : `≥ eq Ü≥ ÚHO`« ÖËx Ü≥ ∞_» ^Œ $Ñ¨ ÙÎ_»<≥ · HõiÉè íOy ã~° fi=Ú<£≥eã≤u#OK« ∞ QÆifi «=∞u<£ qÇ¨ ÏiOzu ^˘e¡ ~ÚÑ¨ C_» ∞<£



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 181

4. =∞ Õ Î Éè íO – ÅHõ ∆ÏÅ∞


„Ñu áê ŒOÖ’ ã – Éè í – ~° – # – =∞ – Ü« ∞ – = J<Õ QÆ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú.

Ü« ∞u™ê÷#O – 14= JHõ ∆ ~°O „áêã¨ xÜ« ∞=∞O LO@∞Ok

„Ñuáê ŒOÖ’ "≥ Ú`« ÎO 20 JHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú.

L^• : XHõKÀ <ÕÅ#∞ |=fioOK« ∞ <˘HõKÀ <˘áêÊ~° ∞ |∂Ãã[˚ ÃÑ·<˘HõKÀ âßHõ=Ú ÖÏ~°yOK« ∞ <˘HõKÀ #∞`« ¯ $+¨ ì âßÖ’º^Œ#O

X Hõ KÀ <Õ Å #∞ | =fi oO K« ∞ <˘ Hõ KÀ <˘ áêÊ ~° ∞ |∂Ãã [ ÃÑ·IIU

ã¨ Éè í ~° # =∞ Ü«∞ =UII UIU III UUU IUU IU

Ü« ∞u : X – <˘, 14 = JHõ ∆ ~°O

„áê™êHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ :Hõ – Hõ =~° ∞ãQÍ Ô ~O_» ∞ áê^•Ö’¡x Ô ~O_À JHõ ∆ ~åÅq.

*Ïu Ñ¨ Œ ºO

5. HõO ŒO – ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞ :

Wk *ÏuÑ¨ Œ ºO


1, 3 áê^•Å∞ XHõ f~° ∞QÍ, 2, 4 áê^•Å∞ XHõ f~° ∞QÍ LO\Ï~Ú.

Éè í – [ – ã – # Å – QÆ QÆ J<Õ QÆ ÏÅ∞ =∂„`« "Õ ∞ "å_®e.

1,3 áê^•Ö’¡ 3 QÆ ÏÅ∞, 2, 4 áê^•Ö’¡ 5 QÆ ÏÅ∞ LO_ç, XHõ Éè ÏQÆOÖ’ 8 QÆ ÏÅ∞, =∞~À

Éè ÏQÆOÖ’ 8 QÆ ÏÅ∞ Hõ eÑ≤ "≥ Ú`« ÎO 16 QÆ ÏÅ∞ HõO^ŒOÖ’ LO\Ï~Ú. ÉËã≤ QÆ ÏÖ’¡ [QÆ O "å_»~å^Œ ∞



182 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

6= QÆ O #ÅO QÍx – [QÆ O HÍx "å_®e

2 – 4 áê^•Ö’¡x z=i JHõ ∆ ~°O QÆ ∞~° ∞=ÙQÍ LO_®e.

„áêã¨ xÜ« ∞=∞O LO@∞Ok.

Ü« ∞u : 2, 4 áê^•Ö’¡x "≥ Ú^Œ\ QÆ O "≥ Ú^Œ\ JHõ ∆ ~åxH <åÅæ= QÆ O "≥ Ú^Œ\ JHõ ∆ ~åxH Ü« ∞uK≥Å∞¡ « ∞Ok.

L • : |Å=O`« ∞_» <åˆ H=∞xÑÅ∞=Ù~°`À x„QÆ Ç≤ ÏOz Ñ¨Å∞‰õ Ω@"Õ ∞ÖÏ?

Ü« ∞u : Ñ – Ñ 4 = QÆ O „Ñ¨ ä Œ=∂Hõ ∆ ~°O

„áê™êHõ ∆ ~åÅ∞ :Å – Å∞ =~° ∞ãQÍ Ô ~O_» ∞ áê^•Ö’¡x Ô ~O_À JHõ ∆ ~åÅq.

„Ñâ◊ fl :

1. HõO^Œ Ñ¨ Œ º ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ#∞ L^•Ç¨ Ï~° Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHõOQÍ `≥ÅÊO_ç?

LÑ *Ïu Ñ¨ ^•ºÅ∞ :

1. P@"≥Åk2. Õ@wu3. ã‘ã=Ú

Ñ Å∞ =Ù ~° `À x „QÆ Ç≤ ÏO z Ñ Å∞ ‰õ Ω @ "Õ ∞ ÖÏ?IIII

#Å QÆQÆ [ #Å QÆQÆUU IUI IIII UU

| Å =O `« ∞ _» <å ˆ H =∞ xIIU

ã¨ ã¨ Éè íIIU UII



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 183

6. P@"≥ Åk Ñ Œ ºO – ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞ :

Wk LÑ*Ïu Ñ¨ Œ ºO

D Ñ¨ Œ ºOÖ’ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ áê^•Å∞O\Ï~Ú

1–3 áê^•Ö’¡ 3 ã¨ ∂~° ºQÆ ÏÅ∞ 2 WO„^Œ QÆ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú 2–4 áê^•Ö’¡ 5 ã¨ ∂~° º QÆ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú.

Ü« ∞u U áê •xH P áê^ŒO 4= QÆ O „Ñ¨ ä Œ=∂Hõ ∆ ~°O

„áêã xÜ« ∞=∞O ÖË Œ ∞.

„áêã Ü« ∞ux "å_» ∞HÀ=K« ∞Û

L^• : J#QÆ##QÆ ~åQÆ=∞uâ◊~ÚÅ∞¡K« ∞#∞O_» ∞u#QÆu#QÆ "Õ=Ú uÜ« ∞º#∞O_» ∞™ê^è Œ#=Ú# Ñ#∞Å∞ ã=∞‰õ Ä~° ∞ ^è Œ~°Ö’#qâ◊ fi^•aè~å=∞ q#∞~° "Õ=∞

J # QÆ # # QÆ ~å QÆ =∞ u â◊ ~Ú Å∞¡K« ∞#∞O_» ∞III

# # QÆÅ #QÆ ã¨Å

III UI IIIU IIUI

u # QÆ u # QÆ "Õ =Ú u Ü« ∞º #∞O _» ∞III

# # QÆÅ QÆÅ QÆÅIII UI UI UI

Ü« ∞u : "≥ Ú^Œ\ áê^ŒOÖ’x "≥ Ú^Œ\ QÆ OÖ’ "≥ Ú^Œ\ JHõ ∆ ~°O 'J—, <åÅæ= QÆ OÖ’x "≥ Ú^Œ\ JHõ ∆ ~°O'=∞—Å‰õ Ω Ü« ∞u K≥ e¡Ok. J^Õ q^è ŒOQÍ Ô ~O_»= áê ŒOÖ’ 'u— – 'u— Å‰õ Ω Ü« ∞u K≥ e¡Ok.

„áêã : LÑ¨*Ïu Ñ¨ Œ ºOÖ’ „áêã ÖË Œ ∞.

7. Õ @wu Ñ¨ Œ ºO – ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞ :

Wk LÑ*Ïu Ñ¨ Œ ºO D Ñ¨ Œ ºOÖ’ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ áê^•Å∞O\Ï~Ú

„Ñu áê ŒOÖ’ 1 ã¨ ∂~° º QÆ O – 2 WO„^Œ QÆ ÏÅ∞ – 2 ã¨ ∂~° º QÆ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú.



184 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

Ü« ∞u U áê •xH P áê^ŒO 4= QÆ O „Ñ¨ ä Œ=∂Hõ ∆ ~°O

„áêã xÜ« ∞=∞O ÖË Œ ∞.

„áêã Ü« ∞ux "å_» ∞HÀ=K« ∞Û

L^• : ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞ QÆÅ∞æ «i =∞Ç¨ [#∞Å Ç¨ Ï$^ŒÜ« ∞=∞aè#"À`« ÊÅ HÀ=∞ÅOÉˇ · `«#~° ∞Û

Ü« ∞u : "≥ Ú^Œ\ áê^ŒOÖ’ ã – [ Å‰õ Ω, Ü« ∞u K≥ e¡Ok.


8. ã‘ã Ñ Œ ºO – ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞ : Wk LÑ*Ïu Ñ¨ Œ ºO

D Ñ¨ Œ ºOÖ’ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ ÃÑ Œ Ì áê^•Å∞O\Ï~Ú. ™œÅÉè í ºO HÀãO „Ñu áê^•xfl 2 Éè ÏQÍÅ∞QÍ qÉè íl™êÎ~° ∞.

„Ñu áê^•xH 6 WO„^Œ QÆ ÏÅ∞, 2 ã ∂~° º QÆ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú.

„Ñu z#fl áê ŒOÖ’#∞ "≥ Ú^Œ\ QÆ O "≥ Ú^Œ\ JHõ ∆ ~åxH =¸_»= QÆ O "≥ Ú^Œ\ JHõ ∆ ~åxH Ü« ∞u

K≥Å∞¡ « ∞Ok. „áêã xÜ« ∞=∞O ÖË Œ ∞

„áêã Ü« ∞u "å_»=K« ∞Û.

ã‘ã Ñ¨ Œ ºO =Úyã≤# `«~åfi`« P@"≥Åk Ñ¨ Œ ºO QÍx, Õ@wu Ñ¨ Œ ºO QÍx `«Ñ¨ ÊHõ ~åÜ« ∂e.

L^• : "Õ ∞Ñ¶ ¨ ∂Å #iÎOK« ∞ "≥ ∞~° ∞Ñ¨ Ù fQÆ#∞ kOz~ÚO\˜H k"≥ fiQÍqOK≥<≥=_» ∞

ãO Ñ ^Œ Å∞ QÆ Å∞æ `« i =∞ Ç¨ [ #∞ Å Ç¨ Ï$ ^Œ Ü« ∞UI

QÆÅ ã¨Å #QÆ # #IIUI IIIU III III



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 185

"Õ ∞ Ñ¶ ¨ ∂ Å # iÎO K« ∞ "≥ ∞ ~° ∞ Ñ¨ Ù f QÆ #∞ kO zUUI

`« `« #QÆ ã¨ÅUUI IIIU IIUI

~ÚO \˜ H k "≥ fi QÍ qO K≥ <≥ = _» ∞UIIÉè í ~° Ç¨Ï #

UIU UI III

Ü« ∞u : ÃÑ· ÃÑ Œ Ì áê ŒO 2 z#fl áê^•Å∞QÍ qÉè ílOK«|_ç# `«~åfi`« „Ñ¨u z#fl áê ŒOÖ’#∞ "≥ Ú^Œ\˜QÆ O "≥ Ú^Œ\ JHõ ∆ ~åxH =¸_»= QÆ O "≥ Ú^Œ\ JHõ ∆ ~åxH Ü« ∞u K≥ e¡Ok. Jq "Õ ∞ – "≥ ∞, ~ÚO – qO


„Ñâ◊fl :

1. ã‘ã Ñ¨ Œ º ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ#∞ L^•Ç¨ Ï~° Ñ¨ Ó~° fiHõOQÍ `≥ÅÊO_ç?



186 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

19. JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞

=∂#=ÙÅ‰õ Ω JO •xfl Hõ eyOKÕq ÖË • ™œO^Œ~åºxfl ≥ zÛÃÑ>Ë ìq JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞. JÖÏˆ Q XHõ HÍ"åºxH˜QÍh, Éè Ï+‰õ Ω QÍh =∞iO`« â’Éè í#∞ ÖË • ~°=∞º «#∞ Hõ eyOKÕ "å\x JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ JO\Ï~° ∞. Wk H=ÅOJÅOHÍ~åÅ∞QÍ<Õ HÍHõ, K≥ ¿ÑÊ q+Ü« ∂xfl K«Hõ ¯QÍ J~° ÷O KÕã¨ ∞H˘#∞@‰õ Ω ã¨ Ç¨ Ü« ∞Ñ_» å~Ú.

JÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ Ô ~O_» ∞ ~°HÍÅ∞.

1. â◊ÉÏÌÅOHÍ~åÅ∞, 2. J~å÷ÅOHÍ~åÅ∞

1. â◊ÉÏÌÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ : â◊|ÌO „Ñ¨ è •#OQÍ QÆÅ JÅOHÍ~åÅ#∞ â◊ÉÏÌÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ JO\Ï~° ∞.

2. J~å÷ÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ : J~° ÷O „Ñ¨ è •#OQÍ Hõ ey# JÅOHÍ~åÅ#∞ J~å÷ÅOHÍ~åÅ∞ JO\Ï~° ∞.J~å÷ÅOHÍ~åÅÖ’x P~° ∞ „Ñ¨ è •#"≥ ∞ÿ# JÅOHÍ~åÅ#∞ QÆ ∞iOz `≥Å∞ã¨ ∞‰õ ΩO^•O.

Jq

1. LÑ=∂ÅOHÍ~°O2. L¢ Õ ÊH∆ ÍÅOHÍ~°O

3. ~° ∂ÑHÍÅOHÍ~°O4. Juâ◊Ü≥ ∂H˜ Î JÅOHÍ~°O5. ã¨ fiÉè Ï"ÀH˜ Î JÅOHÍ~°O6. J~å÷O`«~°<åº™êÅOHÍ~°O

1. LÑ¨ =∂ÅOHÍ~°O :

LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∂xH, LÑ=∂<åxH K«Hõ ¯x áÈeHõ K≥Ñ≤ Ê`Õ ^•xx LÑ¨=∂ÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.

D JÅOHÍ~°OÖ’ „Ñ¨ è •#OQÍ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞O\Ï~Ú.

Jq :1. LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞O2. LÑ=∂#O3. ã=∂# è Œ~° ‡O

4. LÑ=∂"åK«HõO

LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞O ´ U =ã¨ ∞Î=Ù#∞ =i‚OK« ŒÅKå"≥ ∂ P =ã¨ ∞Î=Ù#∞ 'LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞O— JO\Ï~° ∞.



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 187

LÑ=∂#O ´ U =ã¨ ∞Î=Ù`À áÈÅÛ ŒÅKå"≥ ∂ P =ã¨ ∞Î=Ù#∞ LÑ=∂#O JO\Ï~° ∞.

ã=∂#^è Œ~° ‡O ´ LÑ=∂#, LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞=ÚÅ Ô ~O_ç\Ö’ ã=∂#OQÍ Hõ ey# ^è Œ~å‡xfl 'ã=∂# è Œ~° ‡O—JO\Ï~° ∞.

LÑ=∂"åK«HõO ´ LÑ=∂<åxH, LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∂xH QÆÅ ãO|O^è •xfl `≥ e¿Ñ Ñ¨ •xfl 'LÑ=∂"åK«HõO—JO\Ï~° ∞.

LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞O, LÑ=∂#O, ã=∂#^è Œ~° ‡O, LÑ=∂"åK«HõO J<Õ <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅ∞ Hõ ey# JÅOHÍ~åxfl 'Ñ¨ Ó~À‚Ñ=∂ÅOHÍ~°O— JO\Ï~° ∞.

ÃÑ· <åÅ∞QÆ ∞ ÅHõ ∆ ÏÅÖ’ Uk Ö’Ñ≤Oz<å ^•xx Å∞áÈÎÑ=∂ÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.

L^• :

'ZÑ¨ C_» ∞ ã¨OÑ¨ Œ QÆ ey#Ü« ∞Ñ¨ C_» ∞ |O^è Œ ∞=ÙÅ∞ =`« ∞Î~°k Ü≥ ∞@¡#fl<£`≥Ñ¨ ÊÅ∞QÆ K≥~° ∞=Ù xO_ç#HõÑ¨ ÊÅ∞ Ñk"ÕÅ∞ *Ë~° ∞ QÆ Œ~å ã¨ ∞=∞f.—

q=~° : ÃÑ· Ñ¨ Œ ºOÖ’ LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞O ´ |O^è Œ ∞=ÙÅ∞, LÑ=∂#O ´ HõÑ¨ ÊÅ∞† ã=∂#^è Œ~° ‡O ´ ãOÑ¨ ŒÅ∞HõÅ∞QÆ ∞@, K≥~° ∞=Ù xO_» ∞@† LÑ=∂"åK«HõO ´ Z@¡#fl<£

D L^•Ç Ï~° Ö’, |O^è Œ ∞=ÙÅ ã¨ fiÉè Ï"åxfl =i‚OK«_®xH Hõq JÖÏO\ ã fiÉè Ï"åxfl Hõ ey# HõÑ¨ ÊÅ#∞K«Hõ ¯x áÈeHõ À K≥áêÊ_» ∞. Hõ#∞Hõ Wk LÑ¨=∂ÅOHÍ~°O.

„Ñâ◊fl :

1. LÑ=∂ÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõ ∆ º ÅHõ ∆ ã¨=∞#fiÜ« ∞O KÕÜ« ∞O_ç?

V

L¢ Õ ÊH∆ ÍÅOHÍ~°O :

TÇ¨ Ï „Ñ¨ è •#OQÍ Hõ ey# JÅOHÍ~åxfl L¢ Õ ÊH∆ ÍÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.

LÑ=∂# è Œ~° ‡O ™ê=∞ºO KÕ « LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∂xfl LÑ=∂#OQÍ TÇ≤ Ï¿ãÎ •xx L¢ Õ ÊH∆ ÍÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.

L^• : 'P"≥ ∞ ã¨ fi~°O HÀHÅ ã¨ fi~°=∂ J#fl@∞¡ L#flk—.

q=~° : ÃÑ· L^•Ç¨ Ï~° Ö’ LÑ=∂#, LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞=ÚÅ =∞^è Œ º TÇ¨ Ï#∞ „Ñ¨ è •#OQÍ K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»O [iyOk.'P"≥ ∞ ã¨fi~°O— J<Õ LÑ¨"Õ ∞Ü« ∞ =ã¨∞Î=Ù#∞, HÀHÅ ã¨ fi~°=∞<Õ LÑ=∂#OQÍ TÇ≤ ÏOK«_»O [iyOk.

HÍ=Ù# nxx L¢`Õ ÊH∆ ÍÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.



188 `≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O

„Ñâ◊ fl :

1. L¢ Õ ÊH∆ ÍÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõ ∆ º ÅHõ ∆ ã=∞#fiÜ« ∞O KÕÜ« ∞O_ç?

~° ∂ÑHÍÅOHÍ~°O :

LÑ¨=∂#, LÑ¨"Õ∞Ü«∞=ÚÅ‰õΩ ÉèË^ŒO ÖË‰õΩO_® K≥Ñ¨Ê_»O QÍx, LÑ¨"Õ∞Ü«∞OÖ’ LÑ¨=∂# ^èŒ~å‡xfl P~ÀÑ≤OK«_»O QÍx ~° ∂ÑHÍÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.

LÑ=∂# =ã¨ ∞Î=ÙÖ’ L#fl è Œ~å‡Å#∞, =∞#O =i‚OK« `«Åz# LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞ =ã¨ ∞Î=Ù`À JÉè Ë ŒOQÍ K≥Ñ≤ Ê`Õ^•xx ~° ∂ÑHÍÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.

L^• : 'q^Œ º Ü« ∞â◊ã¨ ∞û, Éè ’QÆHõi, q Œ º QÆ ∞~° ∞O_» ∞, q^Õâ◊|O^è Œ ∞_» ∞<£ —

q=~° : ÃÑ· Ñ¨^Œ º áê^ŒOÖ’ 'q^Œ º— J<Õ LÑ¨ "Õ ∞Ü« ∞=Ú#‰õ Ω 'Ü« ∞â◊ã¨ ∞û—, 'Éè ’QÆHõi—, 'QÆ ∞~° ∞O_» ∞—, 'q^Õâ◊|O^è Œ ∞_» ∞— J<Õ LÑ=∂#=ÚÅ`À JÉè Ë ŒO K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk HÍ=Ù# Wk ~° ∂ÑHÍÅOHÍ~°O.

„Ñâ◊ fl :

1. ~° ∂ÑHÍÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõ ∆ º ÅHõ ∆ ã=∞#fiÜ« ∞O KÕÜ« ∞O_ç?

V

4. Juâ◊Ü≥ ∂H˜ Î JÅOHÍ~°O :QÀ~°O`« q+Ü« ∂xfl H˘O_» «Å∞QÍ KÕã≤ K≥Ñ¨ Ê_®xfl Juâ◊Ü≥ ∂H˜ Î JÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.

L^• : 'P Ñ¨ Ù~°=∞O^Œ e "Õ ∞_»Å∞ PHÍâßxfl JO@∞`« ∞#flq—.

q=~° : ÃÑ· L^•Ç¨ Ï~° Ö’ '"Õ ∞_»Å∞— Z « ∞ÎÖ’ L<åfl~Ú J<Õ Éè Ï"åxfl =ºHõ ÎO KÕÜ« ∞_®xH, PHÍâßxfl JO@∞`« ∞<åflÜ« ∞x Juâ◊~ÚOz, =∞s Z‰õ Ω¯= KÕã≤ K≥Ñ¨ Ê|_çOk. HÍ=Ù# Wk Juâ◊Ü≥ ∂H˜ Î JÅOHÍ~°O.

„Ñâ◊ fl :1. Juâ◊Ü≥ ∂H˜ Î JÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõ ∆ º ÅHõ ∆ ã=∞#fiÜ« ∞O KÕÜ« ∞O_ç?

V

5. ã¨ fiÉè Ï"ÀH˜ Î JÅOHÍ~°O :

*Ïu, QÆ ∞, „HÜ« ∂^Œ ∞Å KÕ « •x ã¨ fiÉè Ï"åxfl ã¨ Ç¨ Ï[ ã¨ ∞O^Œ~°OQÍ =i‚OK«_®xfl ã¨ fiÉè Ï"ÀH˜ Î JÅOHÍ~°O

JO\Ï~° ∞.L^• : ''zxfl p=∞Å∞ <À@ =∞#∞fl#∞ Q˘x ≥ zÛ



`≥ Å∞QÆ ∞ *Ïu q"Õ Hõ O 189

Hõ\˜ ì# JO^•Å Ñ¨ Ù@ì K« ∂_» ∞q∞Å q∞Å "≥ ∞iÃã_» ∞ lÅ∞QÆ ∞ ^•~°=ÚÅ`À‰õ ÄiÛ# ™êbx QÆ ∂_» ∞ K« ∂_» ∞.——

q=~° : ÃÑ· L^•Ç¨ Ï~° Ö’ p=∞Å∞ Ñ¨ Ù@ì#∞ xi‡OK«_®xfl ã¨ Ç¨ Ï[ ã≤ Œ úOQÍ =i‚OK«_»O [iyOk.

JÖÏˆ Q ™êeÑ¨ Ù~° ∞QÆ ∞ QÆ ∂_» ∞#∞ ã¨ ∞O^Œ~°OQÍ, ã¨ Ç¨ Ï[suÖ’ K≥Ñ¨ Ê_»O [iyOk. HÍ=Ù# Wk ã¨ fiÉè Ï"ÀH˜ ÎJÅOHÍ~°O.

„Ñâ◊fl :

1. ã¨ fiÉè Ï"ÀH˜ Î JÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõ ∆ º ÅHõ ∆ ã=∞#fiÜ« ∞O KÕÜ« ∞O_ç?

V

6. J~å÷O « ~° <åº™êÅOHÍ~°O :'™ê=∂#ºO KÕ « qâı+O QÍx, qâı+O KÕ`« ™ê=∂#ºO QÍh ã=∞i÷OK«|_ç Õ ^•xx J~å÷O`«~°<åºã¨

JÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞.

L^• : 1. Ç¨ Ï#∞=∞O`« ∞_» ∞ ã=Ú„ Œ=Ú#∞ ^•>#∞.=∞Ç¨ `« ∞‡Å‰õ Ω ™ê^è Œ º=Ú HÍxk U=Ú#flk?

2. Q˘Ñ¨ Ê"åi`À Hõ eã≤ LO_»_»O =Å¡ JÅ∞ÊÅ‰õ Ω ‰õ Ä_® Q“~°=O Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk.Ñ¨ ÓÅ`À ^•~°O ‰õ Ä_® `«ÅÔ H‰õ Ω¯`« ∞Ok Hõ •!

"≥ Ú^Œ\ L^•Ç¨ Ï~° Ö’ 'Ç¨ Ï#∞=∞O`« ∞_» ∞ ã=Ú„ Œ=Ú#∞ •>#∞— J#fl qâıëêOâ◊O '=∞Ç¨ `« ∞‡Å‰õ Ω ™ê^è Œ ºOHÍxk U=Ú#flk— J<Õ ™ê=∂<åºOâ◊O`À ã=∞i÷OK«|_çOk.

Ô ~O_»= L^•Ç¨ Ï~° Ö’ Q˘Ñ¨ Ê"åi`À Hõ eã≤ LO_»_»O =Å¡ JÅ∞ÊÅ‰õ Ω ‰õ Ä_® Q“~°=O Åaèã¨ ∞ÎOk J#fl ™ê=∂<åºOâ◊O Ñ¨ ÓÅ`À ^•~°O ‰õ Ä_® `«ÅÔ H‰õ Ω¯`« ∞Ok Hõ •! J#fl qâı+O KÕ « ã=∞i÷OK«|_çOk. HÍ=Ù#

nxx J~å÷O`«~°<åº™êÅOHÍ~°O JO\Ï~° ∞. „Ñâ◊fl :

1. J~å÷O`«~°<åº™êÅOHÍ~åxfl ÅHõ ∆ º ÅHõ ∆ ã=∞#fiÜ« ∞O KÕÜ« ∞O_ç?

V



ã¨O„ÑkOK«∞ „QÆO^ä•Å∞

1. PO„ è Œ =∞Ç¨ Éè Ï~° «O – Hõq„ «Ü« ∞O (##flÜ« ∞, uHõ ¯#, Zé]#)

2. ã¨ ∞=∞f â◊ «HõO – |^≥ Ì# Éè í ∂áêÅ∞_» ∞3. Éè Ïã¨ ¯~° â◊ «HõO – =∂~° Œ "≥OHõÜ« ∞º4. hu K«O„kHõ – Ñ¨~°=ã¨ ∞Î z#flÜ« ∞ã¨ ∂i5. <å~° ¡ â◊ «HõO – <å~° ¡ "≥OHõ>Ëâ◊ fi~°~å=Ù6. x`« º ã¨ åºÅ∞ – =∞Öˇ ¡=∂Å ã¨ ∞O^Œ~° ~åq∞Ô ~_ç ¤7. ã¨ « ºO t=O ã¨ ∞O^Œ~°O – LO_ÕÅ =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô ~_ç ¤

8. =∂#= w`« – LO_ÕÅ =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô ~_ç ¤9. r=# w`åÅ∞ – LO_ÕÅ =∂ÅH˘O_®Ô ~_ç ¤

telugu text

Documents