tems investigation kpi definitions -- ftp
DESCRIPTION
FTP TEMSTRANSCRIPT
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
Ascom 2010. All rights reserved. TEMS is a trademark of Ascom. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the copyright holder.
The contents of this document are subject to revision without notice due to continued progress in methodology, design and manufacturing. Ascom shall have no liability for any error or damage of any kind resulting from the use of this document.
Public
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D
Contents
1. Introduction ................................................................. 1
2. Service Independent KPIs .......................................... 12.1. Network Unavailability [%] ...................................................... 12.2. Attach Failure Ratio [%] .......................................................... 12.3. Attach Setup Time [s] .............................................................. 22.4. PDP Context Activation Failure Ratio [%] ............................... 22.5. PDP Context Activation Time [s] ............................................. 22.6. PDP Context Cut-off Ratio [%] ................................................ 3
3. FTP Specific KPIs ....................................................... 33.1. FTP Download Method A ..................................................... 4
3.1.1. Service Non-Accessibility [%] ................................................................. 43.1.2. Setup Time [s] ......................................................................................... 43.1.3. IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%] ....................................................... 43.1.4. IP Service Setup Time [s] ....................................................................... 53.1.5. Mean Data Rate [kbit/s] .......................................................................... 53.1.6. Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%] .............................................................. 53.1.7. Signaling Diagram .................................................................................. 6
3.2. FTP Download Method B ..................................................... 73.2.1. Service Non-Accessibility [%] ................................................................. 73.2.2. Setup Time [s] ......................................................................................... 73.2.3. IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%] ....................................................... 73.2.4. IP Service Setup Time [s] ....................................................................... 83.2.5. Mean Data Rate [kbit/s] .......................................................................... 83.2.6. Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%] .............................................................. 83.2.7. Signaling Diagram .................................................................................. 9
3.3. FTP Upload Method A ........................................................ 103.3.1. Service Non-Accessibility [%] ............................................................... 103.3.2. Setup Time [s] ....................................................................................... 103.3.3. IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%] ..................................................... 103.3.4. IP Service Setup Time [s] ..................................................................... 113.3.5. Mean Data Rate [kbit/s] ........................................................................ 113.3.6. Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%] ............................................................ 113.3.7. Signaling Diagram ................................................................................ 12
3.4. FTP Upload Method B ....................................................... 133.4.1. Service Non-Accessibility [%] ............................................................... 133.4.2. Setup Time [s] ....................................................................................... 133.4.3. IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%] ..................................................... 133.4.4. IP Service Setup Time [s] ..................................................................... 143.4.5. Mean Data Rate [kbit/s] ........................................................................ 143.4.6. Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%] ............................................................ 143.4.7. Signaling Diagram ................................................................................ 15
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
Public
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D 1(15)
1. Introduction This document describes in detail how KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) for the FTP service are calculated in TEMS Investigation.
The KPI definitions are based on ETSI TS 102 250-2 V1.4.1.
How input data to KPI calculations is collected is not dealt with in this document.
2. Service Independent KPIs
2.1. Network Unavailability [%] Denotes the probability that no packet-switched network is available in the cell currently used by the customer.
In GSM, the phone has access to a PS network if it has received System Information 13. This message is read once per KPI measurement cycle, at the beginning of the cycle.
In WCDMA, matters are simpler: the phone is always known to have access to a PS network.
The information element "Mode - System" in TEMS Investigation indicates whether the phone is connected to a WCDMA or a GSM network.
Because of the nature of this KPI, no start or stop triggers can be identified for it in the signaling diagrams.
2.2. Attach Failure Ratio [%] Denotes the probability that a subscriber cannot attach to the GPRS/UMTS PS network:
Start trigger: Phone sending Attach Request message. Trigger point 1 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Phone receiving Attach Accept/Reject message. Trigger point 4 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
# of unsuccessful attempts to access PS network Network Unavailability [%] = -------------------------------------------------------------------- x 100
total # of attempts to access PS network
# of unsuccessful attach attempts Attach Failure Ratio [%] = ----------------------------------------------- x 100
total # of attach attempts
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
2(15) Public
2.3. Attach Setup Time [s] Denotes the length of the time period taken to attach to the GPRS/UMTS PS network:
Start trigger: Phone sending Attach Request message. Trigger point 1 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Phone receiving Attach Accept message. Trigger point 4 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
2.4. PDP Context Activation Failure Ratio [%] Denotes the probability that the PDP context cannot be activated. It is the ratio of unsuccessful PDP context activation attempts to the total number of PDP context activation attempts:
Start trigger: Phone sending PDP Context Activation Request message. Trigger point 5 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Phone receiving PDP Context Activation Accept message. Trigger point 8 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
2.5. PDP Context Activation Time [s] Denotes the length of the time period taken to activate a PDP context:
Start trigger: Phone sending PDP Context Activation Request message. Trigger point 5 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Phone receiving PDP Context Activation Accept message. Trigger point 8 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
PDP Context Activation Time [s] = tPDP Context Activation Accept tPDP Context Activation Request
Attach Setup Time [s] = tAttach Accept tAttach Request
# of unsuccessful PDP context activation attempts PDP Context Activation Failure Ratio [%] = ---------------------------------------------------------------------- x 100 total # of PDP context activation attempts
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D 3(15)
2.6. PDP Context Cut-off Ratio [%] Denotes the probability that a PDP context is deactivated without this being initiated intentionally by the user:
Start trigger: Phone receiving PDP Context Activation Accept message. Trigger point 8 in sections 3.1.7, 3.2.7, 3.3.7, and 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Phone receiving the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 41 in sections 3.1.7 and 3.2.7 Trigger point 42 in sections 3.3.7 and 3.4.7
PDP context deactivation not initiated intentionally by the user can be caused by either SGSN failure or GGSN failure, so the PDP context may be deactivated either by the SGSN or by the GGSN.
Note: The precondition for measuring this parameter is that a PDP context has been successfully established.
3. FTP Specific KPIs Two slightly different methods exist for calculating the KPIs. The difference is explained in the following extract from the ETSI specifications:
(ETSI TS 102 250-2 V1.4.1 (2006-03), section 4.2)
Currently two main views about the best way to reflect the user's experience are in place: One preferring the payload throughput philosophy and the other preferring the transaction throughput philosophy:
Method A [...] defines trigger points which are as independent as possible from the service used, therefore representing a more generic view (payload throughput)
Method B [...] defines trigger points on application layer, therefore representing a more service oriented view (transaction throughput).
Both methods are described in the subsections that follow.
# of PDP context deactivations (not initiated by user) PDP Context Cut-off Ratio [%] = ------------------------------------------------------------------------ x 100
total # of successfully activated PDP contexts
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
4(15) Public
3.1. FTP Download Method A
3.1.1. Service Non-Accessibility [%]
Denotes the probability that a subscriber cannot access the service successfully due to a failure that has occurred either during PDP context activation or during service access. This means that the data transfer cannot be started:
Start trigger: Connect on command socket. Trigger point 5 in section 3.1.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 36 in section 3.1.7
3.1.2. Setup Time [s]
Denotes the period of time it takes to access a service successfully, from the moment the dial-up connection is established until the first data packet is received:
Start trigger: Connect on command socket. Trigger point 5 in section 3.1.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 36 in section 3.1.7
3.1.3. IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%]
Denotes the probability that, after successfully activating a PDP context, a subscriber cannot access the service, so that the data transfer cannot be started:
Start trigger: First [SYN] sent. Trigger point 9 in section 3.1.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 36 in section 3.1.7
# of unsuccessful attempts Service Non-Accessibility [%] = -------------------------------------- x 100
total # of attempts
Setup Time [s] = treception of first data packet tconnect to socket
# of unsuccessful service accesses IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%] = -------------------------------------------------- x 100 total # of service access attempts
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D 5(15)
3.1.4. IP Service Setup Time [s]
Denotes the time period needed to establish a TCP/IP connection to the FTP server, from sending the initial query to a server until the first data packet is received:
Start trigger: First [SYN] sent. Trigger point 9 in section 3.1.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 36 in section 3.1.7
3.1.5. Mean Data Rate [kbit/s]
Denotes the average data rate measured throughout the entire connect time (application throughput):
Start trigger: Reception of the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 36 in section 3.1.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 41 in section 3.1.7
3.1.6. Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%]
Denotes the probability that a data transfer cannot be completed when it has been started successfully:
Start trigger: Reception of the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 36 in section 3.1.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 41 in section 3.1.7
# of incomplete data transfers Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%] = ------------------------------------------------------ x 100
# of successfully started data transfers
file size [kB] x 8 Mean Data Rate [kbit/s] = ----------------------------------------
tlast data packet tfirst data packet
IP Service Setup Time [s] = treception of first data packet tfirst [SYN] sent
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
6(15) Public
3.1.7. Signaling Diagram
UE Network
2077 > 21 [SYN]
21 > 2077 [SYN, ACK]
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 220
Login
2077 > 21 [ACK]
2077 > 21 FTP Request: PORT X
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 200
Change Directory
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 150
20 > 2113 [SYN]
2077 > 21 FTP Request: RETR Y
20 > 2113 [ACK]
20 > 2113 FTP DATA [ACK]
2113 > 20 [SYN, ACK]
2113 > 20 [ACK]
2113 > 20 [ACK]
20 > 2113 FTP DATA [FIN, ACK]
2113 > 20 [FIN, ACK]
20 > 2113 [ACK]
2077 > 21 [ACK]
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 226
18
20
2221
23
26
27
13
16
33
19
9
12
28
31
29
24
25
36
37
32
30
34
49
38
44
42
45
47
35
39
14
15
17
10
11
41
46
43
40
50
48
Attach Request
Attach Response
PDP Context Activation Accept
PDP Context Activation5
8
1
4
6
7
2
3
PDP
Attach
Service
IP Service
Data Data Transfer
First Data Packet
Last Data Packet
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D 7(15)
3.2. FTP Download Method B
3.2.1. Service Non-Accessibility [%]
Denotes the probability that a subscriber cannot access the service successfully due to a failure that has occurred either during PDP context activation or during service access. This means that the data transfer cannot be started:
Start trigger: Connect on command socket. Trigger point 5 in section 3.2.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.2.7
3.2.2. Setup Time [s]
Denotes the period of time it takes to access a service successfully, from the moment the dial-up connection is established until the first data packet is received:
Start trigger: Connect on command socket. Trigger point 5 in section 3.2.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.2.7
3.2.3. IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%]
Denotes the probability that, after successfully activating a PDP context, a subscriber cannot access the service, so that the data transfer cannot be started:
Start trigger: First [SYN] sent. Trigger point 9 in section 3.2.7
Stop trigger: Reception ofhe ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.2.7
# of unsuccessful service accesses IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%] = -------------------------------------------------- x 100 total # of service access attempts
# of unsuccessful attempts Service Non-Accessibility [%] = -------------------------------------- x 100
total # of attempts
Setup Time [s] = treception of first data packet tconnect to socket
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
8(15) Public
3.2.4. IP Service Setup Time [s]
Denotes the time period needed to establish a TCP/IP connection to the FTP server, from sending the initial query to a server until the first data packet is received:
Start trigger: First [SYN] sent. Trigger point 9 in section 3.2.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.2.7
3.2.5. Mean Data Rate [kbit/s]
Denotes the average data rate measured throughout the entire connect time (application throughput):
Start trigger: Reception of the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 34 in section 3.2.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 41 in section 3.2.7
3.2.6. Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%]
Denotes the probability that a data transfer cannot be completed when it has been started successfully:
Start trigger: Reception of the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 34 in section 3.2.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 41 in section 3.2.7
# of incomplete data transfers Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%] = -------------------------------------------------------- x 100 # of successfully started data transfers
File size (kB) x 8 Mean Data Rate [kbit/s] = ----------------------------------------
tlast data packet tfirst data packet
IP Service Setup Time [s] = treception of first data packet tfirst [SYN] sent
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D 9(15)
3.2.7. Signaling Diagram
UE Network
2077 > 21 [SYN]
21 > 2077 [SYN, ACK]
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 220
Login
2077 > 21 [ACK]
2077 > 21 FTP Request: PORT X
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 200
Change Directory
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 150
20 > 2113 [SYN]
2077 > 21 FTP Request: RETR Y
20 > 2113 [ACK]
20 > 2113 FTP DATA [ACK]
2113 > 20 [SYN, ACK]
2113 > 20 [ACK]
2113 > 20 [ACK]
20 > 2113 FTP DATA [FIN, ACK]
2113 > 20 [FIN, ACK]
20 > 2113 [ACK]
2077 > 21 [ACK]
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 226
18
20
2221
23
26
27
13
16
33
19
9
12
28
31
29
24
25
36
37
32
30
34
49
52
38
44
42
45
35
39
14
15
17
10
11
41
46
43
40
51
50
Attach Request
Attach Response
PDP Context Activation Accept
PDP Context Activation5
8
1
4
6
7
2
3
PDP
Attach
Service
IP Service
DataData Transfer
First DataPacket
Last DataPacket
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
10(15) Public
3.3. FTP Upload Method A
3.3.1. Service Non-Accessibility [%]
Denotes the probability that a subscriber cannot access the service successfully due to a failure that has occurred either during PDP context activation or during service access. This means that the data transfer cannot be started:
Start trigger: Connect on command socket. Trigger point 5 in section 3.3.7
Stop trigger: Sending the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 35 in section 3.3.7
3.3.2. Setup Time [s]
Denotes the period of time it takes to access a service successfully, from the moment the dial-up connection is established until the first data packet is sent:
Start trigger: Connect on command socket. Trigger point 5 in section 3.3.7
Stop trigger: Sending the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 35 in section 3.3.7
3.3.3. IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%]
Denotes the probability that, after successfully activating a PDP context, a subscriber cannot access the service, so that the data transfer cannot be started:
Start trigger: First [SYN] sent. Trigger point 5 in section 3.3.7
Stop trigger: Sending the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 35 in section 3.3.7
# of unsuccessful service accesses IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%] = -------------------------------------------------- x 100 total # of service access attempts
# of unsuccessful attempts Service Non-Accessibility [%] = -------------------------------------- x 100
total # of attempts
Setup Time [s] = tsending first data packet tconnect to socket
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D 11(15)
3.3.4. IP Service Setup Time [s]
Denotes the time period needed to establish a TCP/IP connection to the FTP server, from sending the initial query to a server until the first data packet is sent:
Start trigger: First [SYN] sent. Trigger point 9 in section 3.3.7
Stop trigger: Sending the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 35 in section 3.3.7
3.3.5. Mean Data Rate [kbit/s]
Denotes the average data rate measured throughout the entire connect time (application throughput):
Start trigger: Sending the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 35 in section 3.3.7
Stop trigger: Sending the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 42 in section 3.3.7
3.3.6. Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%]
Denotes the probability that a data transfer cannot be completed when it has been started successfully:
Start trigger: Sending the first data packet containing content. Trigger point 35 in section 3.3.7
Stop trigger: Sending the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 42 in section 3.3.7
# of incomplete data transfers Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%] = ---------------------------------------------------- x 100
# of successfully started data transfers
file size (kB) x 8 Mean Data Rate [kbit/s] = ----------------------------------
tlast data packet tfirst data packet
IP Service Setup Time [s] = tsending first data packet tfirst [SYN] sent
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
12(15) Public
3.3.7. Signaling Diagram
UE Network
Attach Request
Attach Response
PDP Context Activation Accept
PDP Context Activation5
8
1
4
6
7
2
3
2077 > 21 [SYN]
21 > 2077 [SYN, ACK]
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 220
Login
2077 > 21 [ACK]
2077 > 21 FTP Request: PORT X
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 200
Change Directory
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 150
20 > 2113 [SYN]
2077 > 21 FTP Request: STOR Y
20 > 2113 [ACK]
2113 > 20 FTP DATA [ACK]
2113 > 20 [SYN, ACK]
20 > 2113 [FIN, ACK]
20 > 2113 [ACK]
2113 > 20 FTP DATA [FIN, ACK]
2113 > 20 [ACK]
2077 > 21 [ACK]
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 226
2077 > 21 [ACK]
18
20
2221
23
26
27
13
16
33
19
9
12
28
31
29
24
25
35
38
32
30
34
56
57
37
44
41
54
36
40
14
15
17
10
11
42
43
39
58
55
53
2113 > 20 [FIN, ACK] 5048
2113 > 20 [ACK] 5251
PDP
Attach
Service
IP Service
ThrughputCut off Data Transfer
First Data Packet
Last Data Packet
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D 13(15)
3.4. FTP Upload Method B
3.4.1. Service Non-Accessibility [%]
Denotes the probability that a subscriber cannot access the service successfully due to a failure that has occurred either during PDP context activation or during service access. This means that the data transfer cannot be started:
Start trigger: Connect on command socket. Trigger point 5 in section 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.4.7
3.4.2. Setup Time [s]
Denotes the period of time it takes to access a service successfully, from the moment the dial-up connection is established until the first data packet is sent:
Start trigger: Connect on command socket. Trigger point 5 in section 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.4.7
3.4.3. IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%]
Denotes the probability that, after successfully activating a PDP context, a subscriber cannot access the service, so that the data transfer cannot be started:
Start trigger: First [SYN] sent. Trigger point 5 in section 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.4.7
# of unsuccessful service accesses IP Service Access Failure Ratio [%] = -------------------------------------------------- x 100 total # of service access attempts
# of unsuccessful attempts Service Non-Accessibility [%] = -------------------------------------- x 100
total # of attempts
Setup Time [s] = tsending first data packet tconnect to socket
-
TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP 2010-10-08
14(15) Public
3.4.4. IP Service Setup Time [s]
Denotes the time period needed to establish a TCP/IP connection to the FTP server, from sending the initial query to a server until the first data packet is sent:
Start trigger: First [SYN] sent. Trigger point 9 in section 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.4.7
3.4.5. Mean Data Rate [kbit/s]
Denotes the average data rate measured throughout the entire connect time (application throughput):
Start trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the [FIN, ACK] for the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 42 in section 3.4.7
3.4.6. Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%]
Denotes the probability that a data transfer cannot be completed when it has been started successfully:
Start trigger: Reception of the ACK from the first SYN, ACK. Trigger point 34 in section 3.4.7
Stop trigger: Reception of the [FIN, ACK] for the last data packet containing content. Trigger point 42 in section 3.4.7
# of incomplete data transfers Data Transfer Cut-off Ratio [%] = ------------------------------------------------------- x 100 # of successfully started data transfers
file size (kB) x 8 Mean Data Rate [kbit/s] = ---------------------------------
tfirst data packet tlast data packet
IP Service Setup Time [s] = tsending first data packet tfirst [SYN] sent
-
2010-10-08 TEMS Investigation KPI Definitions FTP
TMS-06:000076 Uen Rev D 15(15)
3.4.7. Signaling Diagram
UE Network
Attach Request
Attach Response
PDP Context Activation Accept
PDP Context Activation5
8
1
4
6
7
2
3
2077 > 21 [SYN]
21 > 2077 [SYN, ACK]
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 220
Login
2077 > 21 [ACK]
2077 > 21 FTP Request: PORT X
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 200
Change Directory
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 150
20 > 2113 [SYN]
2077 > 21 FTP Request: STOR Y
20 > 2113 [ACK]
2113 > 20 FTP DATA [ACK]
2113 > 20 [SYN, ACK]
20 > 2113 [FIN, ACK]
20 > 2113 [ACK]
2113 > 20 FTP DATA [FIN, ACK]
2113 > 20 [ACK]
2077 > 21 [ACK]
21 > 2077 FTP Response: 226
2077 > 21 [ACK]
18
20
2221
23
26
27
13
16
33
19
9
12
28
31
29
24
25
35
38
32
30
34
56
57
37
44
41
54
36
40
14
15
17
10
11
42
43
39
58
55
53
2113 > 20 [FIN, ACK] 5048
2113 > 20 [ACK] 5251
PDP
Attach
Service
IP Service
DataData Transfer
First Data Packet
Last Data Packet