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Wireless Curriculum Development Section

ISSUE

3.2

TEMS DATA COLLECTION

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2

Security Level: InternalConfidential Information of Huawei.

No Spreading without Permission.

Fundamentals of TEMS 8.1

TEMS investigation is an air interface test tool for cellular networks

supporting

GSM/GPRS/EDGE

WCDMA

CDMA

TEMS enable monitoring of voice and data services.

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3Security Level: Internal

Confidential Information of Huawei.


Sony Ericsson K600i WCDMA/GSM

W600i GSM/GPRS/EDGE

Z800i WCDMA/GSM

V800 WCDMA/GSM

V802SE WCDMA/GSM

Z1010 WCDMA/GSM

S710a GSM/EDGE

T610GSM

T616 GSM

T618 GSM

LG U8130 WCDMA/GSM

Motorola M702iG* WCDMA/GSM

Razr V3x* WCDMA/GSM

E1070* WCDMA/GSM

E1000 WCDMA/GSM

A835 WCDMA/GSM

A845 WCDMA/GSM

Nokia N80* WCDMA/GSM/EDGE

6282* WCDMA/GSM/EDGE

6280* WCDMA/GSM/EDGE

6680 WCDMA/GSM/EDGE

6630 WCDMA/GSM/EDGE

6230 EU GSM/EDGE

6230 US GSM/EDGE

7600 WCDMA/GSM

6650 WCDMA/GSM

6651 WCDMA/GSM

* New equipment

Supported Equipment

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Qualcomm

TM6280WCDMA/GSM

TM6275 WCDMA/GSM

TM6250 WCDMA/GSM

TM6200 WCDMA/GSM

Qualcomm chipset based

Option 3G GlobeTrotter Fusion+ / GT MAX* (MSM6275)

Novatel Merlin U730/U740* (MSM6275)

Sierra Wireless Aircard 850/860* (MSM6275)

LG CU320* / CU500* (MSM6275)

Samsung SGH-ZX10* / ZX20* (MSM6275)

Samsung SGH-Z500* (MSM6250)

Samsung SGH-Z105 (MSM6200)

Vodafone MCC (MSM6200)

* New equipment

Supported Equipment (continued)

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MAIN MODULE

DATA COLLECTION:

Collect data ,record log files and replay the log files, one at a time.

ROUTE ANALYSIS:

Used for the analysis of log file ,can analyze more than 1 log file at a

time.

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TEMS work space

Menu bar Toolbars

Status bar

Worksheet

Navigator

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User interface

User modes:

1-Drive testing mode.

Can record new log files .

After connecting the external equipment it will switch to DT

mode.

2-Replay mode.

Initially in replay mode.After disconnecting devices it will switch to replay mode.

Cant use both modes at a time

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The Toll bars

EQUIPMENT CONTROL TOOLBAR

Selected equipment

scanning task

connect

disconnect

start recording

stop recording

scan property.

redial/disconnect call

equipment property.

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Connection & Record Toolbar

Connect all

Disconnect all

Start recording /Stop recording

insert file mark

pause recording/

Resume recording

swap log file

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Replay mode

open log file

close log file

rewind log file

play log file

stop log file

step log file

fast forward log file find in log file

information

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Report Toolbar & Status bar

GENERATE REPORT

help section

replay section

recording section

connection section

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The navigator

Menu tab

Three sub categories:

1-presentation.

2.control.

3.configuration

Info tab

Can change the color ,size and symbol of different element here.

Worksheet

Can make max 10 worksheet in 1 workspace.

Detail will be given in later chapter

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Cell Data

Cell data can be provided in tow ways.

1-.xml

2-.cel

We can make a txt file and then can rename it to .cel format.

Loading a cell file:

navigator configuration general cell file load

Brows the cell file .

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Connecting external equipment

TEMS can detect all the equipment automatically and we can also

connect the equipment manually.

The equipment can be connected via USB ( MS) ,com port, blue

tooth (GPS) or pc card (scanner).

navigator configuration equipment configuration

Here we can see the number ,IMEI,IMSI,AND INFO.

The colors shows the status of the equipment ,connected

Or disconnected (red or green)

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Manual Enabling of Equipment

navigator configuration equipment configuration

click add button in the equipment configuration window.

We can select the port and equipment .

When using a USB cable after connecting the MS we need to

refresh it .

We can save the configuration.

From properties button we can exclude com ports ,power off on

disconnect and reconnect if disconnected .

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Properties

From properties button we can exclude com ports ,power off on

disconnect and reconnect if disconnected .

We can connect all the equipment at once or one by one .

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Logfiles

The extension for log file is .log

Default name for the log file is MMDD_nn.log

Month date and increment counter

start

stop

pause

file mark swap log file

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Log files option

Can change the path for saving the log files.

We can add the file mark or record a file by default name or can

give the user defined name.

Can add some comments in the log file .

Define the size of log file.

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Indoor drive Test

Walk and click.

A straight line will be drawn between the two points.

The point will be saved as file marks and will be available during

replay.

Before pausing pinpoint to keep all the data on map.

Pinpoint before changing direction

Maintain the same speed during test.

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Replay log file

We can replay the log file recorded by old version of TEMS

During replay we can find the information about the log file being

replayed.

We can change the speed of replay.

We can use search to find time instant, event ,file mark and

layer 3,layed 2 or mode report message.

We can copy one log file to another one

Cant copy the log file and external equipment data

at a time

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Exporting log file

We can export the log file to different formats.

Text

Map info etc

First disconnect all the external equipment.

Log file export log file

Click add

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Specifying The Content Of Export File

From setup button we can select the required information element

.

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Generating Report

Close the open log file if any

Disconnect all the devices

Click generate report

Select the log file

Specify the output directory

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Generating Report

From the IE TAB information element can be selected

Threshold are editable

Can choose the Event and MS ,by default all MS will be selected.

Adding user defined thresholds

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Event selection for report

We can select and deselect different event and can also add user

defined event for generating report.

Select MS.

Select out

put

directory

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Report Out put

We can show the result in statistic

and graph format.

Event [no.of]

Relatio

nshi

p

Cell Log

HandoverIntracell

3 - - 1

CallAttempt

1 - - 1

CallEstablished

1 - - 1

Handover

17 - - 1

IdleMode

1 - - 1

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GSM Scanning

TEMS can be used to scan the GSM radio frequency carrier with

Sony Ericsson phones are PCTel SeeGull LX/EX scanner.

Choose frequency scanning

Click the scan property button

we can scan the following

FREQUENCIES

C/I

BSIC

SYSTEM INFORMATIONS SI

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Presentation Of GSM Scan data

The top chart show the strongest scanned channels sorted by

decreasing signal strength .

Second chart show all the scanned ARFCN.

We can replay the scan data and also can scan a group of ARFCN

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Device Properties

We can view and modify certain properties of devices connected

Equipment control equipment properties

Access class can be changed

Automatically can answer the call ,can set the time duration for

call and end the call after that time ,redial the last dialed no

incase of call drop or blocked calls,

Can lock to PMLN

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MS IN IDLE MODE

In idle mode lock on to some channels or can prevent some

channel to selected or can use the default. Channels can be

selected from the neighbor are from a list of all the cells

Can ignore the setting of barred cell . Can select the neighbor are from a list.

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MS in Dedicated Mode

In dedicated mode we can lock on to a specific frequency and

prevent handover .

Can prevent handover from some specific frequencies

Can force the MS to a group of frequencies for handover.

We can define the no of channels for multi band to be reported

We can use the normal setting

by using default option.

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DEVICE PROPERTIES

MS can be restricted to a specific band.

MS capable of C/A measurement can be set to measure either one

channel (+-1)or (+-2) on either side of the carrier.

Speech codec can be enabled or disabled by setting the option.

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Event

To highlight the important occurrences during the DT we use the

event .Some important events are predefined and we can add

more by defining the new events.

Event can be presented in three ways.1-as symbols on the map

2-as symbols and verticals line in the line chart.

3-as audio signals.

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SETTING UP A USER DEFINED EVENT

Cont & configuration event definition add

Set the name ,system ,MS, and the element along with logical

operator if needed.

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example

To show the interference

When RX LEVEL is good and quality is worst .

C/I WORST<10

AND

RXLEVEL SUB(dbm) <-70.

2-

RX LEVEL SUB (DBM)<-70

RX QUALITY>5

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AUDIO INDICATOIN

For each event an audio signal can be specified to be played when

the event occur.

Cont & conf audio indication

Select MS,EVENT and SOUND FILE.

Use PC speaker uncheck

Test to check the sound before applying.

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Editing Audio Indication

Activate Sound.

Deactivate Sound.

Mute All.

Undo Mute All.

Delete.

We can select a single event and edit its property

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Presentation

Presentation windows are used to present information elements ,event

and messages in both case replaying log file and recoding mode.

All presentation window are synchronized .

We can analyze a message and it will be updated in all relevant windows

and chart. we can select an event ,message or any point in the line chart .

Every two point will be added to map and line chart in one second.

Information element can easily be represented by mean of different

coolers,

The presentations window can be exported and imported again

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Status window

Status window present information element in tabular form.

Under presentation template status window.

Make our own information element window.

Only add those element which we need to avoid concentrating on

different window at a time.

After defining status window we can not add new element to that

window ,only the properties of existing element can be modified

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Status Window

To create a user defined new status window follow as

Presentation template status window right click in status

window setup wizard

Add name ,MS,SYSTEM,INFORMATION ELEMENT, edit the color(better to keep default).

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Example Of Status Window

Let suppose we need to observe the following data mostly during

the DT ,so we an input all of them in one window

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Status Window Properties

Right click status window properties

Here we can select the no of rows and columns

In rows input the information element corresponding to each

column we can assign the information element.

In the header we can write the name of the column to be

displayed.

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Message Window

Message windows are used to list messages and report received or

transmitted by external devices (layer 2,layer 3,mode reports and

error report).

Presentation template message window properties

Here we can add the messages ,event and no of column.

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User Defined Message Window

Inside the message window we can check the detail of each

message ,double clicking that message.

All messages are synchronized by selecting a message in one

window will show the same instant in all windows including chart.

If we want to check handover related messages only then we can

select them only .

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Synchronized Messages

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Security Level: InternalConfidential Information of Huawei.No Spreading without Permission.

GPS Window

Show the information about GPS unit.

Actual long & lat ,speed of car during DT, no of satellites seen and

direction of vehicle

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Line Chart

In the line chart the numeric information element can be plotted

in order to visualize how their values evolve over time.

max four chart can be accommodate at a time in one window.

Max 7 element can be accommodated in each chart.

Line chart are synchronized with message windows ,selecting a

point in line chart will display the related messages at that

instance in other window also.

During DT recording and replay mode the progress can be hold for

the line chart .

By using left and right arrow keys can move the position on line

chart.

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Line Chart

Y-axis display the range of element

Legend window show the legend for chart but at a time only for

one chart can show other by changing the chart using right click

option in that window.

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Chart Window

Legend can be change for each chart one by one

More event are allowed to add including user defined event

event

l

e

g

e

n

d

ho

ld

Changing Line Chart Content &

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Changing Line Chart Content &

Properties

Right click on any one chart properties add chart

Or presentation template line chart right click

properties. ( for new user defined chart )

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Bar Chart

Here we can display the indices on the x axis.

Multiple element an be displayed at the same time.

Interval and labeling can be set .

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Multiple Information Element

Different information element can be displayed on a single chart.

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Map Window

Map window is used to display the map of drive test area and

present the drive test route graphically on the map.

Cell data ,events and information element can also be displayed

easily.

TEMS support MapInfo ,bitmap and TIF formats.

Different information elements and events are used to find the

location of problem area using map e.g. call drop handover failure

Roads, clutter and bitmap are useful for fine tuning of DT route .

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MAP Window

New theme marker are drawn twice a second.

The tool will interpolate the missing data, e.g. while passing

through a tunnel the GPS data will be lost but it will regain the

position outside the tunnel so the data will be displayed by mean

of interpolation.

In case the GPS can not regain the position again then the data

will be lost and can not be displayed.

The plotting density on the map is dependent on the map

zooming.

d

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Map Window

Layer: A layer is a set of data from a particular category which is

displayed in a map window e.g. road , streets etc.

There are two kind of layers

1- map layers e.g. roads2-presentation layers e.g. cell layer.

Theme: A theme is a component of a presentation layer,

displaying, for example, an information element or a type of

event.

Label: A label is a text string that belongs to a map and can be

displayed on it.

M Wi d

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Map Window

GeoSet: A GeoSet (file extension .gst) is a special type of workspace

used for map layers. A GeoSet contains settings regarding layer

order, projections, zoom levels, labels, colors, etc.

To make a new geoset map follow as.

start Geoset manager

open layer control

select the Tab files and open.

File save geoset (Geoset file must be saved in the same

directory as the TAB Files).

MAP OF PAKISTAN

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MAP OF PAKISTAN

D t P t ti O M

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Data Presentation On Map

Themes: The following are the predefined themes available.

Information element themes: Can display the information element

on map and edit the display settings.

Event Themes: presenting the event like handover . Cell themes: presenting cell information e.g. cell name ,cell BCCH.

Pinpoint themes: presenting pinpoint information.

New layer and theme can be added and displayed on map.

P t ti L

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Presentation Layers

In the map window click add/edit themes to view the current

presentation layers and themes within them.

A new layer or theme can be added.

Select a layer and add a theme inside that layer.

P ti i f ti El t

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Presenting information Elements

By varying the color , size and symbol we can display the

information about three different information elements.

In the map window a single point will give three kind of

information let suppose we set it like this .

Color Rx lev sub (dbm)

Size Rx Qual sub

Symbol Mode (num)

Mean colure of the point will show the Rxleve strenthe ,size will

represent the Rx quality level and the symbol will represent the

mode of MS ,e.g. idle ,dedicated and no service etc.

P ti i f ti El t

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Presenting information Elements

We can change the setting for example we ca display different SQI

by using symbol, and color will represent RX lev and size will show

the quality at that instant.

C t IE Th

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Create a new IE Theme

Add/edit theme in map window

Select a layer add theme

Select system GSM,MS AND OFFSET.

In the color select the IE

In the size select the second IE

or for a single IE select fixed .

In symbol select the third

IE or make it fixed size and

select the symbol to be displayed.

Diff t Offs ts

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Different Offsets

Use Of Offset

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Use Of Offset

Using different offsets more IE can be displayed &analyzed .

Presentation Of event On Map

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Presentation Of event On Map

MAP window add/edit theme event layers add theme

We can show the user defined event on map.

Mostly an offset should be set to display the event symbol away

from route.

Event display on map

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Event display on map

Call drop display on map.

Presenting cell files

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Presenting cell files

Map window add/edit theme cell layer

Following kind of cell themes exist by default.

Cell theme: Basic plotting of cell theme.

Cell line theme: indication of serving cell and handover.

Cell color theme: visualization of neighbor relations.

Cell ARFCN theme: Indication of cells using the same ARFCN.

Adding cell theme

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Adding cell theme

Map window add edit theme cell layer add theme.

size ,color and label are used to display a cell .

For the cell having incomplete data like azimuth for one sector it

will be used by default e.g. zero degree.

Cell Line Theme

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Cell Line Theme

This theme is used to indicate serving cells and positions where

handovers have taken place.

Cell Color Theme

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Cell Color Theme

Color of serving cell ,neighbor cell and serving to neighbor cell lines

can be displayed by cell color theme.

Cell ARFCN Theme

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Cell ARFCN Theme: This theme is used to point out other cells that

use a specified BCCH or TCH of a selected cell .

By default, matching cells are colored as follows:

• Cells that use the selected ARFCN as BCCH are colored cyan (light

blue).

• Cells that use the selected ARFCN as TCH are colored blue.

Presenting Pinpoints

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Presenting Pinpoints

The Pinpoint theme presents the markers that we create when

using pinpointing rather than a GPS to position data .

Used during the indoor drive testing.

Type ,size color and symbol can be set.

All the available themes are editable .e.g.

Adding new theme, deleting existing themes.

To show a theme ,to hide a themes .

Reordering of theme .

Right Hand-Pan Of Map Window

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Right Hand-Pan Of Map Window

On the right hand of map window we can see the textual detail of

the points selected in the map. Here we have three parts.

1-INFO:

2-LEGEND:

3-GRAPH:

For info tab there are further three parts.

1-inforamation elements:

2-event:

3-cell:

Info Tab Of Map Window

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Info Tab Of Map Window

Selecting a single theme marker on the map, the marker is

highlighted in red color and in the info tab it will show all the

information about that instant of DT e.g. Rx lev, quality etc.

In the event window it will show the no of occurrence of that event

etc.

In the cell tab ,important info of the cell will be displayed.

Info And Graph Tab

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Info And Graph Tab

Some basic statistics for a set of theme markers selected can be

displayed on the map. Textual information is then presented on

the Info tab, and graphs are drawn on the Graph tab.

There are two ways to select a set of theme markers:

To select all objects within a rectangular area, use the Area

Statistics Tool. Click and drag in the map pane to mark the

rectangle .

To select a segment of a route, use the Selection Tool. Click

the marker where you want the segment to begin. Press and hold

Ctrl, then click the marker that is to be the endpoint of the

segment.

Info & Graph Tab

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Info & Graph Tab

INFO tab will show mean ,max ,min and no of sample e.g. for Rx

lev.

Event box will show the no of occurrence of every event selected.

Cell box show the detail of all the cell used as serving cell in that

area.

Info Tab And Graph

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Info Tab And Graph

Map layer

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Map layer

add/edit themes

Add layer

The map info tab file can be added

directly by using the layer option

from map window.

SQI(SPEECH QUALITY INDEX)

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SQI(SPEECH QUALITY INDEX)

SQI reflect the quality of the speech, it estimate the speech quality in the cellular

network as perceived by human listener .

SQI more sophisticated than RX QUALITY.

Rx Quality and its limitation.

RX quality is obtained by transforming the bit error rate (BER) into a scale from 0 to7.

It simply reflect the average BER

over a certain Period of time(0.5 s)

Receiving quality level BER

0 < 0.2%

1 0.2 ~ 0.4%

2 0.4 ~ 0.8%

3 0.8 ~ 1.6%

4 1.6 ~ 3.2%

5 3.2 ~ 6.4%

6 6.4 ~ 12.8%

7 > 12.8%

RX Quality And SQI

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RX Quality And SQI

Distribution of BER over time: For a given BER, if the BER fluctuates very

much, the perceived quality is lower than if the BER remains rather

constant most of the time.

a high BER variance gives a better RxQual than a low variance does. This is

completely misleading from a speech quality point of view.) .

Frame erasures. When entire speech frames are lost, this affects the

perceived quality in a very negative way.

Handovers. Handovers always cause some frames to be lost, which

generally gives rise to audible disturbances. This does not show at all in

RxQual, however, since during handovers BER measurements are

suppressed.

The choice of speech codec: quality is different for different speech codec .

Design of SQI

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Design of SQI

SQI prediction of speech quality is independent of channel

condition and other circumstances. the computation of SQI

involves.

The bit error rate (BER).

The frame erasure rate (FER).

Data on handover events.

Different algorithm for different codec.

stolen frames (i.e. speech frames that have been replaced by

signaling ).

Statistic on the distribution of each of these parameter.

SQI VS RX QUALITY

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SQI VS RX QUALITY

For a given RxQual, the actual quality indicated by SQI will vary

depending on the channel conditions and the speech codec used.

Conversely, for a given actual quality level, a wide range of

RxQual values are possible.

SQI as a function of RxQual for the EFR codec .

SQI

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SQI

SQI is available for GSM FR (full rate), GSM EFR (enhanced full

rate), GSM HR (half rate), AMR (adaptive multi rate), AMT FR,

AMR HR.

TEMS products, the SQI shows the quality on the downlink channel.

TEMS is updating the SQI every 480 millisecond (i.e once every

SACCH multi frame ).

Frequency hopping will improve the radio conditions, thus

decreasing the bit error rate and the frame erasure rate. This is

built into the SQI algorithm.

Range Of SQI

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a ge O SQ

TEMS gives three kinds of display legend by default for SQI.

-20<=SQI<0: RED BAD

0<= SQI<18:YELLOW GOOD

18<=SQI<=30GREEN VERY GOOD.Range of SQI?

GSM EFR: -20 <-> 30

GSM FR: -20 <-> 21

GSM HR: -20 < -> 17

SQI RANGE

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SQ

AMR fullrate Codec SQI max

12.2 30

10.2 28

7.95 28

7.4 27

6.7 27

5.9 24

5.15 21

4.75 19

AMR halfrate Codec SQI max

7.95 28

7.4 27

6.7 27

5.9 24

5.15 21

CHANNEL VERIFICATION

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The GSM Channel Verification tool allows you to check the

availability of a set of GSM traffic channels, typically those used in

one cell or a set of cells. TEMS Investigation lets one or several Sony

Ericsson GSM phones make calls repeatedly on the chosen channels

until all timeslots of interest have been tested.

To perform GSM channel verification, open the GSM Channel

Verification window from the Control menu or the Control folder

in the Navigator.

CHANNEL VERIFICATION

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To add a test case.

We can add multiple test cases

without exiting the dialog,

by entering the settings for onetest case at a time and clicking

Apply after each. The result in

the GSM Channel Verification

window will look like this:

Manual and Automatic Verification

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Automatic verification: For each timeslot, TEMS Investigation

decides whether the timeslot can be accepted or not. In order for a

timeslot to pass, the call must be set up correctly and maintained

for a user-specified period of time, and in addition a set of user-

specified quality requirements must be satisfied.

Manual verification: For each timeslot, user decide himself

whether to accept or reject the result of the test, by clicking either

of two buttons. How to take this decision is up to the user. By

making call and deciding him slef.

Testing Method

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g

start testing

When testing began

accepted time slot

accepted time hopping slot to reject a time slot

rejected time slot

rejected hopping timeslot

DT DISPLAY ON MAP

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The real map showing the important window during the drive test

will look like this.

Coverage problem

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Many reason can cause the low coverage e.g. output power,

antenna height, tilt, azimuth etc.

MISSING NEIGHBORE

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ASH000 missing neighbors with AS001and cant handover at the

end caused call drop

Interference problem

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The carrier-over-interference ratio is the ratio between the signal

strength of the current serving cell and the signal strength of

undesired (interfering) signal components .

The measurement range extends from –5 dB to +35 dB. A C/I

below –5 dB can be regarded as highly unlikely .

C/I>9 is acceptable .

C/I<9 is considered to be a bad one.

Example Of C/I PROBLEM

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RX Level is good , SQI is bad and C/I is below 10

Low

SQI,LO

W

C/I,HIG

H RX lev

Export A Log file

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We can export TEMS log file in different format already explained.

Here we will concentrate on map info tab format.

• First, if the log file is currently open, close it. While a log file is

open it cannot be exported.

• From the Log file menu, choose Export Log file.

Export Log File

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Click add .

Input the log file by browsing to

The location and select the path

for the out put file. In the format select map info tab.

Export Log File

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By clicking on the setup button we will get this window.

Here we can select the required item to be exported .

We can select

and deselectsome event of information

elements.

After selecting all the

Information required we can

Save it.

Click ok

Executing Export

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Click start to execute the export.

We can input more than one log file .

After execution of the export orders is successful you will see the

Export Result as shown.

s

t

a

r

t

Analyze Using MapInfo

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To analyze drive test data using MapInfo, you will need an input

data and this input data is the TEMS exported log files.

We can use MapInfo to analyze RX_LEV and RX_QUAL as we shall

see in the following sections.

File name Select file name where saved

Files of type Select “MapInfo (*.tab) ”

Preferred View Change from “Automatic ” to

“Current Mapper ”

RX LEVEL ON MAP INFO

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We will get the following map.

CREATING THEMATIC MAP

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To create Thematic Map, from menu bar choose Map > Create

Thematic Map. The Create Thematic Map - Step 1 of 3 dialog

displays. Creating a thematic map is a three-step process .

Step 1: Choosing A Type Of

Thematic Map:

To create a thematic map we

can only use the “Ranges”

under “Type”

Click next


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Step 2: Select a Table and a Field

Table: Select a table (these tables are logfiles)

Field: Select a field (specify what you want to analyze

e.g. RXLEV_FULL)

Click Next


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Step 3: Customizing Thematic Map

Here we can change the legend ,style and ranges and can

see the preview before displaying on map.

We can change the legend order ascending or descending.


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Customizing thematic map.

Ranges - Allows us to customize settings on a ranged map. This

option is available for ranged maps .

Styles - Enables you to customize

style attributes such as color and size


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Here we can define the ranges as


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Finally we will get this kind of map.


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The size of the thematic map can be modified (i.e. made more

presentable) from the tool bar.

Choose Layer Control > select Layer and click Display > Style

override

Font: Select font (select MapInfo Symbols)

Size: Select size of your choice (preferably 6)

Symbol: Select desired symbol

Color: Select desired color

Then click OK


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Final thematic map result for RX LEVEL.

We can repeat the same steps to display other information

elements like Rx quality etc.


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We can use different symbol to display different ranges of Rx level.


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Rx quality

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THANK YOU

tems1

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