termite feeding and the protozoa +=. symbiotic relationship association of two dissimilar organisms...
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Termite Feeding and the Protozoa
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Symbiotic RelationshipAssociation of two dissimilar organisms in a
beneficial relationship
Formosan Subterranean Termites
(Kingdom Animalia)
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Spirotrichonympha leidyi Koidzumi
Holomastigotoides hartmanni Koidzumi
Pseudotrichonympha grassiiKoidzumi
Protozoa(Kingdom Protista)
The Benefits of the Symbiotic Relationship
The Protozoan receives:1. A home (shelter) by living in the
termite gut.2. Cellulose (food) from wood that the
termite eats
The cellulose is digested and acetate, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and methane are produced and released.
The Termites receives/absorbs:1. Acetate produced by the Protozoa. The termites use the acetate as their energy source to carry out daily bodily functions.
The Transfer of Protozoa in a NEW colony
The queen and the king are responsible for feeding and passing on the protozoa to the offspring in the new colony.
The Transfer of Protozoa in an OLDER Colony
The workers are responsible for feeding and transferring the protozoa in an older colony.
Stomadeal Feeding•Passing partially digested food with the mouth to another termite.
Proctodeal Feeding•Receiving food from the anus.
External Anatomy of a TermiteIdentification of Body Sections
head
thorax
abdomen
2. Thorax = The 3 pairs of legs are attached to the thorax.
3. Abdomen = The abdomen holds all reproductive organs.
1. Head = The eyes, antennae, and mouthparts are on the head.
Internal Anatomy of a TermiteHow wood is digested
4. Acetate release by protozoa is absorbed by the termite
1. Pieces of wood enters the mouth.
2. Wood is ground in the crop.
3. Wood particles enters the hind gut and are consumed by the protozoans, who release acetate, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and methane.
5. Digested material passed out of the anus to feed others or build carton
Herbivore
Energy Source
Consumers/Hetertrophs Producers
Carnivore
Omnivore
Producer
Carnivore
SOIL BACTERIA(decomposers)
Extracting Protozoa from Termite Gut: Materials
• 5-6 Formosan Subterranean Termites (workers)• 2 Forceps• 1 Light microscope• 1Microscope slide• 1 Cover slip• 2 drops of saline solution• 1 disposable pipette• Kimwipes
Extracting Protozoa from Termite Gut: Method/Procedure
1. Place a drop of saline solution on a microscope slide.
Microscope slide with a dropof saline solution
Extracting Protozoa from Termite Gut: Method/Procedure
2. Gently grab the termite’s head and thorax with a forcep.
head
thorax
abdomen
Extracting Protozoa from Termite Gut: Method/Procedure
3. Locate the tip of the abdomen and the end of the termite’s gut.
4. With the second forcep, grab and pull out the termite’s gut.
head
thorax
abdomen
Extracting Protozoa from Termite Gut: Method/Procedure
5. Place the gut in the saline solution on the microscope slide.
6. Slowly lower a cover slip on to the sample and press down gently.
Microscope slide with a dropof saline solution and termite intestine
Cover slip
Extracting Protozoa from Termite Gut: Method/Procedure
7. If there is extra saline solution on the microscope slide, use a paper towel to wipe the slide clean.
Microscope slide with a dropof saline solution and termite gut
Extracting Protozoa from Termite Gut: Method/Procedure
8. Observe the gut sample under the microscope and complete the laboratory worksheets.
My laboratory Worksheet