Terms Review ITerms Review I

The Pre-Colonial The Pre-Colonial and Colonial Erasand Colonial Eras

This was a series of wars This was a series of wars fought in the Middle Ages fought in the Middle Ages

by Christians to conquer the by Christians to conquer the Holy Land from Muslims.Holy Land from Muslims.

This was a series of wars This was a series of wars fought in the Middle Ages fought in the Middle Ages

by Christians to conquer the by Christians to conquer the Holy Land from Muslims.Holy Land from Muslims.

CrusadesCrusades

An instrument that uses a An instrument that uses a magnetic needle to indicate magnetic needle to indicate

direction.direction.

An instrument that uses a An instrument that uses a magnetic needle to indicate magnetic needle to indicate

direction.direction.

CompassCompass

An instrument that allowed An instrument that allowed sailors to find their position sailors to find their position

from the starsfrom the stars

An instrument that allowed An instrument that allowed sailors to find their position sailors to find their position

from the starsfrom the stars

AstrolabeAstrolabe

A ship with triangular sails A ship with triangular sails and rudderand rudder

A ship with triangular sails A ship with triangular sails and rudderand rudder

CaravelCaravel

European period of renewed European period of renewed interest in the sciences, art, interest in the sciences, art,

and literature.and literature. (1400-1700 AD) (1400-1700 AD)

European period of renewed European period of renewed interest in the sciences, art, interest in the sciences, art,

and literature.and literature. (1400-1700 AD) (1400-1700 AD)

RenaissanceRenaissance

He began the movement to He began the movement to reform the Catholic Church.reform the Catholic Church.

He began the movement to He began the movement to reform the Catholic Church.reform the Catholic Church.

Martin LutherMartin Luther

1616thth century movement century movement resulting in the separation resulting in the separation of the Protestant Churches of the Protestant Churches from the Roman Catholic from the Roman Catholic

Church.Church.

1616thth century movement century movement resulting in the separation resulting in the separation of the Protestant Churches of the Protestant Churches from the Roman Catholic from the Roman Catholic

Church.Church.

ReformationReformation

He was an explorer He was an explorer representing Spain who set representing Spain who set

out to find a new route to out to find a new route to Asia in 1492. His voyage Asia in 1492. His voyage marked the beginning of marked the beginning of

European efforts to European efforts to colonize the Americas.colonize the Americas.

He was an explorer He was an explorer representing Spain who set out representing Spain who set out

to find a new route to Asia in to find a new route to Asia in 1492. His voyage marked the 1492. His voyage marked the beginning of European efforts beginning of European efforts

to colonize the Americas.to colonize the Americas.

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus

The exchange of crops, The exchange of crops, plants, animals and plants, animals and diseases between diseases between

Europeans and Native Europeans and Native Americans.Americans.

The exchange of crops, The exchange of crops, plants, animals and plants, animals and diseases between diseases between

Europeans and Native Europeans and Native Americans.Americans.

Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange

Spanish explorers and Spanish explorers and soldiers who conquered soldiers who conquered

Native American empires.Native American empires.

Spanish explorers and Spanish explorers and soldiers who conquered soldiers who conquered

Native American empires.Native American empires.

ConquistadoresConquistadores

Spanish explorer who Spanish explorer who conquered the Aztecs in conquered the Aztecs in

Mexico.Mexico.

Spanish explorer who Spanish explorer who conquered the Aztecs in conquered the Aztecs in

Mexico.Mexico.

Hernando CortezHernando Cortez

He conquered Incas in Peru He conquered Incas in Peru with metal-clad soldierswith metal-clad soldiers

He conquered Incas in Peru He conquered Incas in Peru with metal-clad soldierswith metal-clad soldiers

Francisco PizarroFrancisco Pizarro

He searched for “Seven He searched for “Seven Cities of Gold” in the Cities of Gold” in the

present-day southwestern present-day southwestern United States.United States.

He searched for “Seven He searched for “Seven Cities of Gold” in the Cities of Gold” in the

present-day southwestern present-day southwestern United States.United States.

Francisco CoronadoFrancisco Coronado

He searched for gold in the He searched for gold in the present-day southeastern present-day southeastern

United States.United States.

He searched for gold in the He searched for gold in the present-day southeastern present-day southeastern

United States.United States.

Hernando deSotoHernando deSoto

He searched for the He searched for the “Fountain of Youth” in “Fountain of Youth” in

Florida.Florida.

He searched for the He searched for the “Fountain of Youth” in “Fountain of Youth” in

Florida.Florida.

Juan Ponce de LeonJuan Ponce de Leon

An economic policy which An economic policy which favors exports over imports favors exports over imports to increase a nation’s gold to increase a nation’s gold

reserve.reserve.

An economic policy which An economic policy which favors exports over imports favors exports over imports to increase a nation’s gold to increase a nation’s gold

reserve.reserve.

MercantilismMercantilism

First city founded by First city founded by Europeans in North Europeans in North

America.America.

First city founded by First city founded by Europeans in North Europeans in North

America.America.

St. AugustineSt. Augustine

A private company that sells A private company that sells shares to investorsshares to investors

A private company that sells A private company that sells shares to investorsshares to investors

Joint-stock CompanyJoint-stock Company

Colonial government made Colonial government made of elected representatives.of elected representatives.

Colonial government made Colonial government made of elected representatives.of elected representatives.

House of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses

Large estate farmed by Large estate farmed by many workers.many workers.

Large estate farmed by Large estate farmed by many workers.many workers.

PlantationPlantation

People who signed a People who signed a contract to work for a contract to work for a

certain length of time in certain length of time in exchange for passage to the exchange for passage to the

colonies.colonies.

People who signed a People who signed a contract to work for a contract to work for a

certain length of time in certain length of time in exchange for passage to the exchange for passage to the

colonies.colonies.

Indentured ServantsIndentured Servants

Colonial trade routes Colonial trade routes between the Caribbean, New between the Caribbean, New

England, and Africa.England, and Africa.

Colonial trade routes Colonial trade routes between the Caribbean, New between the Caribbean, New

England, and Africa.England, and Africa.

Triangular Trade RouteTriangular Trade Route

Agreement that the Pilgrims Agreement that the Pilgrims signed before landing in signed before landing in

Plymouth.Plymouth.

Agreement that the Pilgrims Agreement that the Pilgrims signed before landing in signed before landing in

Plymouth.Plymouth.

Mayflower CompactMayflower Compact