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air receiverA component that stores compressed gas and helps

stockpile a constant supply of pressurized gas.

axial compressorA type of dynamic compressor in which gas flows parallel to

the rotation of the axis.

blowerThe rotors of a lobe compressor. Common blowers have

either 2 or 3 lobes.

centrifugal compressor

A type of dynamic compressor that compresses air and

expels it with a centrifugal force from a rotating wheel with

radial vanes. Centrifugal compressors are often used for

fans and cooling units.

centrifugal forceA force directed outward and away from the center of a

rotating object.

compressor A component that pressurizes ambient air and directs it intoa pneumatic system.

crankshaftA rod that spins and drives a piston in a piston compressor.

The crankshaft is powered by a prime mover.

cubic feet per minute

A measurement of airflow that indicates how many cubic

feet of air pass by a stationary point in one minute. Cubic

feet per minute is abbreviated cfm.

diesel motor

A type of internal combustion engine, controlled by a

throttle, that is often used as a prime mover for mobile

pneumatic applications.

diffuserA part of a centrifugal compressor that transforms the high-

speed low-pressure gas into higher pressure.

double-acting compressor A pneumatic actuator that directs energy in both directions.

dry rotary screw compressorA type of rotary screw compressor that delivers air without

the use of lubrication.

dynamic compressor

A type of compressor that delivers larger volumes of air at

lower pressures. Common types of dynamic compressors

include centrifugal and axial compressors.

electric motor

A machine that converts electricity into mechanical energy

or motion. An electric motor is a type of prime mover for a

pneumatic system.

flow rate

A specification of a compressor that indicates how much air

a compressor can move in a certain amount of time. Flow

rate for pneumatic pumps is measured in cubic feet per

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minute.

fluid power

Power derived from the motion and pressure of a fluid,

such as water, oil, or air. Hydraulics and pneumatics are

sources of fluid power.

gas turbine engine

A type of rotary engine driven by high-speed gases that

convert the chemical energy into mechanical energy by

internal combustion.

horsepowerA unit of power used to describe the strength of a

pneumatic component. One horsepower equals 746 watts.

impellerThe rotors of a lobe compressor. Common impellers have

either 2 or 3 lobes.

intercooler

A component that cools air inside a compressor. An

intercooler is a type of heat exchanger that also removesmoisture.

internal combustion engine

A type of engine in which heat energy and mechanical

energy is produced inside the engine. Internal combustion

engines include gas turbines and types of diesel motors.

liquid ring compressor

A type of vane compressor that expels liquid with a

centrifugal force to create a liquid ring that forms a seal.

Liquid ring compressors are dust and oil free but not very

efficient compared to other compressors.

lobe The portion of a lobe compressor's impeller that interlocksand provides the ability to compress air.

lobe compressorA compressor that derives its pressurizing ability from two

interlocking gear-type rotors called impellers or blowers.

multi-stage compressor

A type of compressor that compresses air to the required

pressure in multiple stages with cooling in between stages.

Multi-stage compressors are often used for higher

pressures.

NTP An abbreviation for normal temperature and pressure.

operating pressureThe pressure at the actual operating point used to specify

the valves, actuators, and other devices.

pistonA rod inside a cylinder that is moved by pneumatic

pressure.

piston compressorA pneumatic compressor that uses a piston driven by a

rotating crankshaft to pressurize air in a pneumatic system.

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pneumatic powerPower derived from the motion and pressure of a gas, such

as air.

positive displacement compressor

A type of compressor that delivers a fixed volume of air at

high pressures. Common types of positive displacement

compressors include piston compressors and rotary screwcompressors.

prime moverThe component of a pneumatic system that powers the

compressor.

psiA measurement of pressure. Pounds per square inch is

abbreviated psi.

reciprocating compressorA compressor that derives its pressurizing ability from a

component, usually a piston, that moves back-and-forth.

revolutions per minute The number of times a component rotates 360, or in acomplete circle, in one minute. Revolutions per minute

(rpm) is a measurement of speed.

rotary screw compressor

A compressor that derives its pressurizing ability from two

interlocking threaded cylinders. The male-female thread

interaction traps and compresses air.

rotor The main spinning portion of a rotary compressor.

single-acting compressor A pneumatic actuator that directs energy in one direction.

single-stage compressor

A type of compressor that compresses air to the required

pressure in a single operation. Single-stage compressors are

often used for lower pressures.

staging

A method that handles the various pressure requirements

in a compressor. Compressors come in single and multiple

stages.

statorA stationary component used together with a rotating part

in an axial compressor.

STP

An abbreviation for standard temperature and pressure.

STP must be specified in a compressor before determining

volume of flow.

vane

A retractable spring-loaded mechanism that extends

radially from the center of a compressor rotor. Vanes trap

and move fluid to an outlet port.

vane compressorA pneumatic compressor that consists of a rotor mounted

off-center in a circular cavity. As the rotor spins, vanes trap

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and compress air.

water trap

A part of an air receiver that traps and drains away the

condensation formed due to reducing the air temperature

in the receiver.

wet rotary screw compressorA type of rotary screw compressor that delivers air with the

use of oil to lubricate the screws.

working pressureThe maximum pressure used to specifiy the compressor at

the outlet.

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