terrain analysis
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Terrain Analysis. Terrain Analysis Defined. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 1 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 2 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis Defined
The collection, analysis, evaluation, and interpretation of geographical information on the natural and man-made features of the terrain combined with other relevant factors to predict the effect of terrain on military operations. (FM 1-02 Operation Terms and Graphics)
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 3 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis--Relevance Used during the OPORD
process Conducted during the METT-TC
phase of the Troop Leading Procedures (TLPs)
Uses the acronym OCOKA to identify and evaluate the effects of terrain and weather on all military operations
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 4 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
O bservation and Fields of Fire
C over and ConcealmentO bstaclesK ey TerrainA venues of Approach
Terrain Analysis--OCOKA
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 5 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Observation is the ability to see the threat either visually or through use of surveillance devices.
Fields of Fire are areas that a weapon or group of weapons may effectively cover with fire from a given position.
OCOKAObservation and Fields of Fire
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 6 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning: Observation & Fields of Fire
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 7 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKACover and Concealment
Cover is protection from the effects of direct and indirect fires.
Concealment is protection from observation.
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 8 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:Cover and Concealment
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 9 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKAObstacles
An obstacle is any obstruction designed to disrupt, turn, fix or block the movement of an opposing force in order to impose additional losses to personnel, time and equipment.
Obstacles can be natural or manmade, or a combination of both
Obstacles are classified as existing and reinforcing
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 10 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Purpose/Effects of Obstacles Disrupt—upsets the enemy’s formation, tempo,
timetable, and forces him to commit forces prematurely and attack in a piecemeal fashion
Fix—prevents the enemy from moving any part of his force from a particular location for a particular period of time
Turn—forces the enemy from one avenue of approach or route onto another
Block—denies the enemy access to an area or prevents his advance along a direction or avenue of approach
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 11 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:Obstacles
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 12 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKAKey Terrain Any locality or area of which the seizure,
retention, or control affords a marked advantage to either combatant.
Decisive Terrain—Key terrain whose seizure, control, or retention is mandatory for mission success
Seize versus secure Key Terrain
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 13 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning: Key Terrain
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 14 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKAAvenues of Approach
An air or ground route of an attacking force of a given size leading to its objective or to key terrain in its path
Mobility Corridor - Areas where a force will be canalized due to terrain restrictions. They allow military forces to capitalize on the principles of mass and speed
Routes and Infiltration Lanes—more defined course to be traveled, may or may not be along a mobility corridor
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 15 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Classification of Terrain
Unrestricted terrain Restricted terrain Severely restricted terrain
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 16 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:Classify Terrain
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 17 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain AnalysisEffects of Weather & Light
OCOKA Troops Vehicles Equipment
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 18 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning: How weather effects military operations
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 19 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning: How weather effects military operations
Rev. 10 Oct 2005 Slide 20 of 20
MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Questions?