• Terrorism actually comes from the Latin Word “Fear”

• “The Unlawful Use of Force Against Persons or Property to Intimidate or Coerce a Government, the Civilian Population, or Segment Thereof, in the Furtherance of Political or Social Objectives.”

• Is an unlawful act of violence

• Intimidates governments or societies

• Goal is to achieve political, religious or ideological objectives

• Terrorism is different from regular crime because of its strong political properties

• The definition of terrorism can vary from people to people due to the differences in standpoint

• One person’s terrorist can be another’s fighter

• Terrorism is Asymmetric Warfare.– Asymmetric warfare is the

use of apparently random/unpredictable violence by an weak military against a stronger military to gain advantage. (Allen, 1997).

– The key of Asymmetric warfare is using unexpected, unconventional tactics in combat (Craig, 1998).

• 70% of Attacks Worldwide

• Maximizes Property Damage

• Target Individuals (Letter or Package Bombs)

• Destroy Building, Aircraft, Monuments, etc..

• Large Devices, Truck or Car Bombs

Terrorist Units and Cells:A Functional Approach

Funding

• Sources: crime, harvesting• Processing and management, •Nation States

Training

• Recruitment • Instructors• Sites• Equipment

Intelligence

• Supplied• Gathered• Internet/other open source• Information and politics

Logistics

• Equipment & supplies• Other essentials• Sources

Operations

• One-man• Team• Multilateral/ collaborative

Government Response to Terrorism:

A Functional Approach

Funding

• Sources: •Federal, State and •Local Taxes

Training

• Recruitment • Instructors• Sites• Equipment

Intelligence

• Supplied• Gathered• Internet/other open source• Information and politics

Logistics

• Equipment & supplies• Other essentials• Sources

Operations

• One-man• Team• Multilateral/ collaborative

• Dispersal of microbes or their toxins to produce illness, death and terror

• The paths of infection can be contaminated water, food, air and packages.

• Microbes– Bacteria– Viruses– Toxins

• Spreading of radioactive materials through ventilation system or explosion

• Disable nuclear reactor cooling system and cause leakage of radioactive materials

• Detonate a nuclear weapon

• No use of nuclear material for non-military terrorism has ever occurred

• Primary prevention:– Education!!!– Understand the differences

in cultures, religions, beliefs and human behaviors

– Think of the peace, freedom and equality of all human beings, not just “my group of people”

– Eliminate the root of terrorism

• Terrorism is unlawful act• Terrorism has a long history of being

used to achieve political, religious and ideological objectives

• Terrorism can be conducted through firearms, explosive devices and biological, chemical, nuclear materials

• Even through the events of 2001,the risk of dying from terrorism has remained much lower than that from motor vehicles, smoking, and alcoholic beverage.

The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.