tesla energy battery performance & capacity monitoring · design for reliability pod pack...
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![Page 1: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDACopyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Tesla Energy Battery Performance
& Capacity Monitoring
Brinda A. Thomas, Ph.D. | Tesla, Inc.
20 April 2017
1
![Page 2: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Why is the market for electricity not like the
market for shoes?
-- Prof. Lester Lave (1939-2011)
Source: CMU
![Page 3: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
U.S. electric grid has a reliability problem
SAIDI
240 min = 99.950% availability
24 min = 99.995% availability
2015 US SAIDI = 198 minutes
2015 Germany SAIDI = 12 minutes
Compiled by Galvin Electricity Initiative
![Page 4: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Not because the U.S. is bigger
Source: 2017 DOE Quadrennial Energy Review, Chapter IV
![Page 5: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Grid reliability challenged with climate change-
induced extreme events & increased RE penetration
Source: CAISO
Compiled by Galvin Electricity Initiative
![Page 6: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Source: Tesla
13 MW / 52 MWh PV+Storage Site – Kauai, HI
![Page 7: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
![Page 8: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Design for Reliability
Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block
![Page 9: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Big Data + Good Data for Reliability*
Cell Data
100s of variants
~1 TBs
Manufacturing Data
30 M cells
~10-100 GBs
Field Data
~7000 sites32 GWh cumulative throughput
300 MWh installed
~2 TBs*Stationary Storage is ~1% of Tesla manufacturing & field battery data
![Page 10: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Tesla Energy Data Architecture
Tesla Data Center
Applications
Data Visualization
Performance Monitoring
Capacity Monitoring
Firmware Test & Validation
Work Orders
Batch Analytics Platform
Model/Predict/Control
StreamingPlatform
(Residential)Customer
Apps
(Industrial) Fleet
Management Portal
Service Tools
Tesla Energy Fleet
Opt. + Control
SW/FW
Opt. + Control
SW/FW
Opt. + Control
SW/FW
Opt. + Control
SW/FW
Opt. + Control
SW/FW
Opt. + Control
SW/FW
![Page 11: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Battery Performance Monitoring: Does battery’s delivered power meet commands?
How are sites used?
Performance Monitoring
![Page 12: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Availability: Evolving Definitions & IEEE-762
Definitions:
1. Percent of time inverter/DC block in faulted state
2. Ratio of available charge/discharge power to
nameplate power capacity (Closest to IEEE-762)
3. Accuracy in response to a charge/discharge
command
What if battery is not commanded to charge or
discharge? Should a fault during that time count
against availability?
Source: IEEE-762
Performance Monitoring
![Page 13: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Powerpack Usage Statistics Performance Monitoring
![Page 14: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Battery Capacity MonitoringHow much energy capacity in next cycle? Next year? Next decade?
Capacity Monitoring
![Page 15: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
• State of Energy (SOE): short-term measurement of battery energy capacity
• State of Health (SOH): long-term measurement of battery energy capacity retention
Battery Capacity Definitions
Sta
te o
f H
ea
lth
(SO
H)
Use
ab
le c
ap
ac
ity
Ra
ted
ca
pa
city
Sta
te o
f En
erg
y (
SO
E)
stored energy
empty
At installation, t0SOH(t0) = 100%
Sta
te o
f H
ea
lth
(SO
H)
Ra
ted
ca
pa
city
Sta
te o
f En
erg
y (
SO
E)
Use
ab
le c
ap
ac
ity
inactive
stored energy
empty
At t1 > t0SOH(t1) < SOH(t0)
Sta
te o
f H
ea
lth
(SO
H)
Ra
ted
ca
pa
city
Sta
te o
f En
erg
y
(SO
E)
Use
ab
le c
ap
ac
ity
inactive
stored energy
empty
At t2 > t1SOH(t2) < SOH(t1)
Capacity Monitoring
![Page 16: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Cycle Testing Lab CellsCapacity
Monitoring
![Page 17: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Measuring Cycles in Field Cells
Cycle Definition
Cycle Definition
Capacity Monitoring
![Page 18: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Battery Prognostics
• Goal: Estimate SOH and remaining useful life (RUL) of battery system
• Measure cycles & features from field cells and map them to lab-tested cells
• Use physics (DCR growth) & statistical models (aging & throughput) to forecast SOH
• Compare Actual – Expected battery capacity (SOH) to drive product & control improvements
Capacity Monitoring
![Page 19: Tesla Energy Battery Performance & Capacity Monitoring · Design for Reliability Pod Pack Inverter + DC Block. ... Model/Predict/Control ... (Residential) Customer Apps (Industrial)](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5af80be27f8b9a7444918979/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19Copyright 2014 Tesla Motors, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential, disclosed under NDA
Questions & Contact Details
mc2_maven
https://www.linkedin.com/in/brinda-thomas/