test format 28 multiple choice questions (1.5 points each) 3 matching sections – memory check...
TRANSCRIPT
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Test Format
• 28 Multiple Choice Questions (1.5 points each)• 3 Matching sections– Memory Check Revisited (Combination of the two
sides into 1, 18 questions each word used once)– Phases of Mitosis (6 phases used once)– Campaign Posters (24 cell types, each used once)
• 4 Short Answer Questions
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Unit 2 Review
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The Game Board
1 2 3 4 5 6 78 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 2122 23 24 25 26 27 2829 30 31 32 33 34 3536 37 38 39 40 41 4243 44 45 46 47 48 4950 51 52 53 54 55 5657 58 59 60 61 62 6364 65 66 67 68 69 7071 72 73 74 75 76 77
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1
• When analyzing a specimen under a microscope, why do we stain the specimen?
Answer: Most cell parts appear clear under the bright light of a microscope. Staining them gives them color and therefore makes it easier to see. BACK
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2• When a chromosome copies itself, the copy is
referred to by this “relative” term.
Answer: sisterBACK
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3
• This membrane junction are impermeable junctions that bind cells together into leakproof sheets?
Answer: tight junctions BACK
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4• This is a nonfunctioning unit in a cell.
Answer: inclusion.BACK
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5• This type of tissue is also known as fat, and it
used to insulate the body and protect it from extreme conditions.
Answer: Adipose TissueBACK
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6• This is another name for a red blood cell.
Answer: erthrocyteBACK
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BACK
7• Describe what happens during diffusion.
Answer: Substances move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentrations until eventually there is an equal concentration in all areas.
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8• When analyzing a specimen under a
microscope, why must the sample be very thin?
Answer: This is to allow light to pass through the sample and to allow only one layer of cells to be observed at a time BACK
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9• In this phase, chromosomes appear as
threadlike coils at the start, but each chromosome is copied by the end.
Answer: interphaseBACK
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10• This is the process in which a pressure
gradient actually pushes a solute containing fluid from a higher pressure to a lower pressure.
Answer: filtrationBACK
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11• This refers to when a cell moves a large
amount of substances out of the cell
Answer: exocytosisBACK
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12
• What occurs if a solution is hypotonic and a cell was placed into it?
BACKAnswer: The cell would swell and possibly rupture
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13• This is the process during protein synthesis
when the DNA is copied by RNA.
Answer: transcriptionBACK
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14• This type of tissue is made up of connective
tissue sheets that attach to the body’s skeleton and help the body with movement by contracting.
Answer: skeletal muscleBACK
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15• This type of connective tissue forms the
cushionlike disks between the vertebrae.
Answer: fibrocartilageBACK
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16• This attaches skeletal muscles to bones.
Answer: tendonsBACK
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17
• This is also known as osseous tissue.
BACKAnswer: bone
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18• This word mean one layer of cells.
Answer: simpleBACK
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19• In this phase, centrioles appear and begin to
move to opposite ends of the cell while spindle fibers forms between the poles.
Answer: prophaseBACK
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20• In a homogenous mixture, this is the
substance that dissolves the other material.
Answer: solventBACK
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21• What type of
cell, which fights diseases, is this?
Answer: macrophage BACK
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22• This broad type of tissue if used for support.
Answer: connectiveBACK
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23
• This type of tissue consists of several layers of cells that have a flattened shape and are found in sites that receive a good deal of abuse and friction, such as the esophagus, the mouth, and the outer portion of the skin.
Answer: stratified squamous epithelium BACK
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24• In this phase, chromatids attach to the spindle
fibers.
Answer: metaphaseBACK
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25• Give two examples of tissues undergoing the aging
process and what happens to the tissue as it ages.
BACK
Answer: epithelial membranes lose their elasticity and began to sagWe begin to “dry out” as exocrine glands become less activeEndocrine glands produce less hormones so the body processes they control become less effectiveBones become porous and weakerMuscles begin to atrophy (deteriorate)
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26• This refers specifically to when liquid material
is taken into the cell.
Answer: pinocytosisBACK
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27
• This broad type of tissue is used for control.
BACKAnswer: nervous
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28
• What is area O called
Answer: Mitochondria BACK
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29• What occurs if a solution is hypertonic and a
cell was placed into it?
Answer: it would shrinkBACK
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30• This type of tissue help to insulate and protect
the delicate neurons.
Answer: Supporting cells of the nervous tissue BACK
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31• In this phase, chromatids separate and begin
to move to opposite ends of the cell.
Answer: anaphaseBACK
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32• What is inflammation and how does it help
the healing process.
Answer: A swelling of a tissue. It is used by the body to keep the injured area from moving and thus prevents further damage BACK
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33• This is a fragile, transparent barrier that
consists of two lipid layers arrange “tail to tail”
Answer: plasma membraneBACK
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34• small, dark-staining round body where
ribosomes are assembled
Answer: nucleolusBACK
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35• This is what the fluid inside the cell is referred
to.
Answer: intracellular fluidBACK
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36• These detoxify the cell of poisonous materials
and deactivate free radicals using oxidase enzymes.
Answer: peroxisomesBACK
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37
• This type of tissue is a specialized impulse-conducting cell that gathers information and controls body functions.
BACKAnswer: nerve cells (neuron)
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38• In this phase, two nuclei form and the
chromosomes appear as chromatin.
Answer: telophaseBACK
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39• This cell type covers and lines body organs.
Answer: epithelial cells BACK
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40• These are the “wires” that help to resist
pulling forces on the cell.
Answer: intermediate filamentsBACK
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41• Why are stratified epithelial tissues better for
protection purposes than simple epithelial tissues?
Answer: Stratified epithelial tissue has multiple layers of cells, which means there are more cells to absorb the damage BACK
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42• This is the female cell of reproduction.
Answer: oocyteBACK
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43• Name this type of cell
BACKAnswer: Epithelial Cells
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44
• This is a slick membrane that lines the ventral body cavity and covers the organs in the cavity.
BACKAnswer: serosae
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45
• The lower surface of an epithelial tissue is known as this.
BACKAnswer: the basement membrane
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46• These are tiny fingerlike projections that
greatly increase the surface area for faster absorption
Answer: microvilliBACK
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47• In this phase, cell membranes moves inward
to create two daughter cells.
Answer: cytokinesisBACK
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48• This refers to a increase in size in an organ or
body area.
Answer: hyperplasia BACK
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49• This is the term used when a cell loses its
ability to divide when it becomes fully mature.
Answer: amitotic BACK
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50• These are tiny, bilobed, dark bodies that are
the protein making factories of the cell
Answer: ribosomes BACK
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51
• This type of tissue is a cobwebby tissue that is the most widely distributed connective tissue that cushions the body organs.
BACKAnswer: areolar tissue
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52
• This is the organelle located at letter F.
Answer: rough endoplasmic reticulum BACK
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53• This type of tissue travels throughout the body
in a fluid matrix called plasma and has a variety of functions including transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Answer: bloodBACK
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54
• This is known as an abnormal mass of proliferating cells.
BACKAnswer: neoplasm
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55• This is the
organelle located at letter H.
Answer: Golgi Apparatus BACK
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56• This is a sequence of three nucleotides
forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule that corresponds to the complementary information on a messenger RNA.
Answer: anticodonBACK
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57• Are the following a representation of plant or
animal cells under a microscope?
Answer: animalBACK
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58• In a homogenous mixture, this is the
substance that is dissolved the other material.
Answer: soluteBACK
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59• What are the three main regions of a cell?
Answer: plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm BACK
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60• Name an example of passive transport.
Answer: facilitated diffusion, osmosis, filtration, or diffusion BACK
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61• This membrane junction allows to adjacent
cells to communicate with each other by allowing molecules to pass directly from on cell to the other.
Answer: gap junctionBACK
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62• This type of RNA is a cloverleaf-shaped
molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome.
Answer: transfer RNABACK
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63• This is defined as a DNA segment that carries
the information for building one protein or polypeptide chain.
Answer: geneBACK
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64• This type of RNA molecule is a long, singular
nucleotide strand that resemble half of a DNA molecule that carries the information from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Answer: messenger RNABACK
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65• This refers to a decrease in size in an organ or
body area.
Answer: atrophyBACK
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66• This is the process during protein synthesis
when the protein is made as the information is being read and decoded.
Answer: translationBACK
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67• This is the technique the body uses to repair
tissues which results in scar tissue.
Answer: fibrosisBACK
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68• This is what the fluid outside the cell is
referred to.
Answer: Interstitial fluidBACK
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69• This refers specifically to when solid material
is taken into the cell and is referred to as “cell eating”.
Answer: phagocytosisBACK
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70• The following picture is of this type of cell
(scientific name).
Answer: erythrocyteBACK
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71• Are the following a representation of plant or
animal cells under a microscope?
Answer: plantBACK
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72• Name an example of active transport in a cell.
Answer: solute pumping (or sodium potassium pump), bulk transport (or endo and exo cytosis) BACK
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73• These are special pores created by proteins
that allow water into the cell.
Answer: aquaporinsBACK
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74• When a tissue is injured, the body sets a series
of events into motion. Which of the following is NOT true?– The surface epithelium regenerates– The capillaries become less permeable– Phagocytes concentration increases– Granulation tissue forms
Answer: The capillaries become less permeable BACK
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75• During active transport process, cells use this
molecule to power the movement.
Answer: ATPBACK
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76• This is the movement of water through a
selectively permeable membrane from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
Answer: osmosisBACK
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77• The elongated shape of this cell lies along the
cable-like fibers that it secretes. It also has an abundant rough ER and large Golgi apparatus to make and secrete the protein building blocks of these cells.
Answer: fibroblastBACK