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Test Format. 3 matching sections Anterior (19) Posterior (14) Movements (13) 30 Multiple Choice 4 Short Answer. Game Board. 1. This is the type of muscle shown by the figure below. Answer: circular. Back. 2. What are 3 of the five golden rules of skeletal muscle activity?. Answer: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Test Format
• 3 matching sections– Anterior (19)– Posterior (14)– Movements (13)
• 30 Multiple Choice• 4 Short Answer
Game Board
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1
• This is the type of muscle shown by the figure below.
Answer: circular
Back
2
• What are 3 of the five golden rules of skeletal muscle activity?
Answer:1. With a few exceptions, all muscles cross at least one joint2. Typically, the bulk of the muscle lies proximal to the joint crossed3. All muscles have at least two attachments: -the insertion and the origin4. Muscles can only pull, they never push5. During contraction, the insertion moves toward the origin
Back
3
• Name this muscle.
Answer: extensor carpi radialis longus
Back
4
• Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis and is a common movement of ball and socket joints
Answer: rotation
Back
5
• This is known as a single, brief, jerky contraction.
Answer: muscle twitch
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6
• This is the most superficial muscle of the hip that forms most of the flesh of the buttocks and is the most important muscle for extending the hip when power is needed.
Answer: gluteus maximus
Back
7
• This type of muscle is striated, involuntary and are arranged in spiral or figure-8 shaped bundles.
Answer: cardiac
Back
8
• The fleshy, triangle shaped muscles that form the rounded shape of your shoulders. Because they are so bulky, they are favorite injection site when relatively small amounts of medication must be given intramuscularly. They are also the prime movers of arm abduction.
Answer: Deltoid
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9
• Name this muscle.
Answer: biceps brachii
Back
10
• This type of ATP regeneration breaks glucose down into pyruvic acid and a small amount of ATP (2 per glucose molecule)
Answer: anaerobic glycolysis
Back
11
• This type of ATP regeneration uses a high energy molecule called creatine phosphate to recharge ADP molecules.
Answer: Direct phosphorylation
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12
• This is a disease that caused by a shortage of acetylocholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction and results in generalized muscle weakness and fatigability.
Answer: myasthenia gravis
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13
• These help the prime mover by producing the same movement or by reducing undesirable movements
Answer: synergists
Back
14
• Muscles that oppose or reverse a movement are referred to by this name.
Answer: antagonists
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15
• How does the muscular system develop in the embryo during pregnancy?
Answer: The muscular system is laid down in segments, which are invaded by nerves. Certain larger muscles (like those of the thoracic and lumbar regions) become very extensive and the development of all muscles and their control by the nervous system occurs rather early in the pregnancy.Back
16
• This is the type of muscle shown by the figure below.
Answer: parallel
Back
17
• The thick myofilament contains this protein.
Answer: myosin
Back
18
• This muscle is a fairly weak muscle that arises on the humerus and enters the distal forearm, where it mainly resides.
Answer: brachioradialis
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19
• This is the most common type of muscular dystrophy. It is mostly a male disease in which the muscles lack a protein called dystrophin.
Answer: Duchenne’s
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20
• This is also known as the kissing muscle.
Answer: orbicularis oris
Back
21
• These muscles press the thighs together, and have their origins on the pelvis and insert on the proximal aspect of the femur.
Answer: adductor muscles
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22
• This type of muscle is striated, voluntary and multinucleated.
Answer: skeletal
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23
• What are two functions of a muscular system?
Answer:Produce movementmaintain posturestabilize jointsgenerate heat
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24
• Depressing the foot and pointing the toes
Answer: plantar flexion
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25
• This is the term that is given to the gap between a neuron and muscle.
Answer: synaptic cleft
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26
• This type of ATP regeneration in the muscle is the most effective (yielding 36 ATP per glucose) but is slow.
Answer: aerobic respiration
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27
• This is the type of muscle shown by the figure below.
Answer: convergent
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28
• This muscle is a two bellied muscle that forms the curved half of the posterior leg and inserts into the heel of the foot using the Achilles tendon. It is usually referred to as the calf and as the “toe dancer’s” muscle.
Answer: gastrocnemius
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29
• This type of muscle is not striated, involuntary and has a single nucleus.
Answer: smooth
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30
• This is a disease that causes fat and connective tissue to be deposited in the muscle, which causes the muscles fibers to degenerate.
Answer: muscular dystrophy
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31
• What is this pointing at?
Answer: the Z disc
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32
• This chewing muscle covers the angle of the lower jaw and is used to close the jaw by elevating the mandible.
Answer: masseter
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33
• Combines a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction and results in the limb outlining a cone
Answer: circumduction
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34
• This is a large muscle that fans across the crest from the shoulder to the breastbone.
Answer: pectoralis major
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35
• This is also known as the smiling muscle because it raises the corner of the mouth upward.
Answer: zygomaticus
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36
• The foot movement that allows the sole to turn medially
Answer: inversion
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37
• This is the toughest connective tissue sheath that surrounds skeletal muscles that covers the entire muscle and blends into either tendons or aponeuroses.
Answer: epimysium
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38
• Name this muscle.
Answer: adduction muscle
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39
• This is the delicate connective tissue sheath that covers each muscle fiber.
Answer: endomysium
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40
• This is the dark banded area of a skeletal muscle.
Answer: A band
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41
• This organelle stores calcium and releases it when the muscle needs to contract.
Answer: sarcoplasmic reticulum
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42
• This is the light banded area of a skeletal muscle.
Answer: I band
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43
• This is the area where a neuron and a muscle meet.
Answer: neuromuscular junction
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44
• This type of contraction occurs when the muscle is pitted against an unmovable object and therefore cannot contract.
Answer: isometric
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45
• The foot movement that allows the sole to turn laterally
Answer: eversion
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46
• This is the type of muscle shown by the figure below.
Answer: multipennate
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47
• Occurs when the forearm rotates laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly and the radius and ulna are parallel
Answer: supination
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48
• This type of contraction occurs when the myofilaments are successful in their sliding movements and the muscle contracts.
Answer: isotonic
Back
49
• Occurs when the forearm rotates medially so that the palm faces posteriorly, which crosses the radius and ulna
Answer: pronation
Back
50
• Name an advantage and disadvantage of steroid use.
Answer:A - increase muscle mass and strength, increased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, and an increase in aggressive behavior (can be turned into game motivation)D - bloated faces, shriveled testes and infertility, liver damage and cancer, changes blood cholesterol levels, and serious psychiatric problems Back
51
• What is this showing?
Answer: A sacromere
Back
52
• The thin myofilament contains this protein.
Answer: actin
Back
53
• A movement that increase the angle of the joint and increases the distance between two bones
Answer: extension
Back
54
• Name this muscle.
Answer: occipitalis
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55
• How does the effect of aerobic exercise differ from the effect of isometric exercise
Answer: aerobic exercise makes muscles more flexible muscles with greater resistance to fatigue so you can use them for longer (stamina) while isometric exercise results in bigger muscles (strength)
Back
56
• Moving a limb away from the midline
Answer: abduction
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57
• This muscle is the powerful prime mover for flexion of the forearm and acts to supinate the forearm. It is also the most familiar muscle of the forearm because it bulges when the elbow is flexed.
Answer: biceps brachii
Back
58
• What is an advantage and disadvantage of using steroids?
Answer: Advantages - increase muscle mass and strength, increased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, and an increase in aggressive behavior (can be turned into game motivation)Disadvantages - bloated faces, shriveled testes and infertility, liver damage and cancer, changes blood cholesterol levels, and serious psychiatric problems
Back
59
• This muscle group contains the semimembranosus, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus and is located on the posterior thigh.
Answer: hamstring
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60
• This facial muscle, which covers from your forehead to your eyebrow, allows you to raise and move your eyebrows and to wrinkle your forehead.
Answer: frontalis
Back
61
• What allows the myosin head to detach from the actin and return to the ready position?
Answer: An ADP molecule is replaced by an ATP molecule. Back
62
• The _______ muscles help to move and make up the wall of the chest and are located between the ribs.
Answer: intercostal
Back
63
• The most superficial muscles of the posterior neck and upper trunk. They form a diamond or kite shaped muscle mass and they also can elevate, depress, adduct, and stabilize the scapula.
Answer: trapezius Back