Index To the reader....................................................................................I

WORK ENVIRONMENT/ SECTION

Health at work.......................................................................................2Fraud on Credit Cards..........................................................................5How can IT help your Business? …......................................................7

CULTURE SECTIONTANGO..................................................................................................9Holi, Hindu party..................................................................................10Oktoberfest..........................................................................................12

HEALTH, MIND & BODY

Adictions..............................................................................................14

TO THE READERWELCOME TO TODAYS

´WORLD MAGAZINE

ear reader, this article talks about information of health, culture

and computer science. We present various topics at our readers

that show an entertainment, the health, the technology. We will

present topics that teach you how you avoid addictions and

protect your physical and mental health. The addiction is an illness that attack

at lot of people of all ages such as adolescents, adults and old people.

DOn the other hand we are going to write about the health at work that is related

with the dentistry and the environment. We get information about the

occupational health and which are their importance in our workplace.

In this article readers can learn about others culture. We want to show what

happened with traditions of another countries, what they do on currently.

Here we want inform you about topics up to date because we pretend get a

modern magazine with social projection, educational and cultural. Each one

section of our magazine informs topics of your interest and could help to resolve

some problems in different way.

We to be waiting for this job been accepted for our readers and will be a media

of communication and dialog between we and our society.

WORK ENVIRONMENT/ SECTION

Health at work by Guido Mora.

In this essay we are going to

introduce the field of occupational

health and relate it to dentistry in

order to exemplify the importance of

this discipline work environment. Also

let’s talk about the branches of

occupational health and their

importance in the workplace.

Occupational health is the control of

risk in the workplace; it helps to

maintain a safe and healthy work

environment.

One of the main activities that must

be implementing in any work team is

first aid. This team strategy must be

implemented by professionals or

people trained in emergency care

who have the capacity to serve

personnel who have suffered an

accident or injury. The implementation

of first aid can make a difference

between life and death. The

importance of receiving immediate

first aid is to protect the wounded of

other complications that may occur by

the type of injury that the person has.

Among the topics involved in first aids

is a wound. Wounds are classified in

open, is when the bone is exposed to

the surface, and closed when the

bone not exposed to the surface.

Another topic is the burns who is the

redness of the skin, burns it’s

classified in three grades: one grade

who is a redness of the skin, second

grade that is redness of the skin with

blisters and third grade in type of burn

you see the skin with necrosis.

Another issue involving first aid is

cardio pulmonary resuscitation; this

maneuver is given to a patient who

loses pulse or respiration. This

maneuver includes five cycles with 30

compression of the cheat of the

person per 2 ventilations.

Currently companies try to avoid

accidents with good training and

security policies. Also a way to

prevent accidents from happening by

researching the causes in order to

every incident loss causal model

helps as find the causes of accidents.

It is easy to understand and it

analyzes the causes of incidents.

However this model also has some

disadvantages; for example, you

spend long time determining interview

a witness, that who may not always

tell the truth. Is fundamental known

the causes of accidents because you

can put rules to get changes in

comportments of the workers and with

these reduce the indices of accidents.

Actually there are literally millions of

people working behind a desk; most

of them spend the majority of hours

sitting in a chair doing their daily

assignments. This cause sedentary

and it is no healthy. It may cause neck

and back pain, cause muscle stiffness

and increase tiredness, one way to

stop this is to incorporate active

breaks into your daily work. Active

breaks are exercises that help people

at work; it takes from 10 to 15 minutes

and helps improve the working

environment. They are activities

workers can perform in order to

stretching, breathing and posture

exercises that help combat sedentary

lifestyles, improve such as health and

lower absenteeism. Here are some

ways to take an activity break work:

1. Leave of your chair; try to stand up as possible for example to the water

cooler to grab a drink of water or to get a cup of coffee

2. Eat your lunch out of the coffee: lunch time is the best opportunity to take an

active break so it is important do not eat in the office , make sure to eat in a

quiet place and requires a few minutes of walking

3. Stretch the kinks of your joint: there are some stretches do not even require

you to get up from your seat like sitting stretches.

4. What are hazard materials? According with to NOISH pocket

guide: “chemical products or dangerous goods are solids, liquids or gases that

can harm people, other living organisms, property, or the environment”.The

professionals in OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH are responsible for care the health

of coworkers , the work places water, animals and plants. To solve the problem

related with this materials, like, information related with risk, use, manipulation,

transportation labeling, storage, disposal or any emergency condition, the UN

created an international and standard regulation labels ( a diamond placard with

specific colors and numbers) with a categories:

1. Explosives

2. Gases

3. Flammable liquids

4. Flammable solids

5. Acidizing agents or organic peroxides

6. Toxic or infectious

7. Radioactive

8. Corrosive and

9. Miscellaneous.

Nowadays, with this symbols, all

employees , drivers of fire fighters can

understood the risk and type of any

material, the next step is know the

name or ID of the product.

Finally it is important to understand

the importance of Occupational

Health and safety polices in every

workplace, applying them also to our

daily acts. As we said occupational

health must be present in all careers,

for example dentistry: the dentists

have to maintain a good posture at

the time of attending the patient, also

the dentist always have to use safety

equipment such a gloves, cap, and in

the room there must be specific

trashcans for the different supplies

like needless to avoid any injury. It is

also important to indicate the

emergency exists, have a plan of

accidents well established, and of

course the right equipment and

installations for disable persons.

Fraud on Credit Cards by Jose Pablo Gomez.n 2012, The Consumer Sentinel Network from the US Department of Justice

showed the statistics and percentage of fraud committed. This Department

assures that there is a 10% of Americans who have been involved in fraud

with $5.5 Billion of looses worldwide. There are three main types of fraud on

credit cards.IIdentity theft is defined as a form of stealing someone´s identity; using their names,

Social Security Number or some other personal, financial or medical information

without the permission of the person who the information belongs to. US citizens

have experienced a 4% of identity theft fraud during the past years. There are

different types of people who commit identity theft; one type is the personal one, in

which the information is stolen by people who know their victims personally, often

friends or even family members who know very well the victim´s information. This

type of theft could have hundreds of victims, and even though some of those

thieves go to jail most of them do not, because families do not like to prosecute to

other family members. Another type of identity theft is Professional Identity Theft,

this fraud is when the personal information is stolen by trusted advisers, for

example, insurance agents, doctors, financial advisers or anyone else who has a

legitimated reason to collect personal information. The amount of victims in this

type of fraud can reach thousands of people, by the reason this people is allowed

to have and manage their customers personal information, they have more

possibilities to hide the identity theft, meaning that it may take longer for the victims

to discover that fraud is being committed to them. Application fraud happens when

a criminal uses stolen or fake documents to open an account in someone else's

name. Criminals may try to steal documents such as utility bills and bank

statements to build up useful personal information. People who commit these types

of fraud, can use a variety of ways to get what they want, one of them is by filling

out applications of accounts.

The main reason why fraud transactions are happening so often, is because in

most of the transactions merchants do not request any personal identification or

signature to the person who is processing the transaction. There are different types

of fraud more that can be committed, one of them is the account take over that can

take place when a fraudster or computer criminal poses as a genuine customer,

gains control of an account and then makes unauthorized transactions. Any

account could be taken over by fraudsters, including bank and credit cards.

Another type of fraud is called counterfit. In most of the cases, counterfit is the

bread and butter of most of the fraudsters. It occurs when a customer´s credit card

is duplicated and the bank or the client detect that there has been usage of the

credit card in different states or countries at the same time. There is another way

that scammers can get access to a person´s account, this is named account take

Over (ATO). Account takeover is one of the most prevalent forms of identity theft.

It occurs when a fraudster obtains an individual's personal information (account

number and social security number usually suffice), and changes the official

mailing address with that individual's financial

institution (FI). Once accomplished, the

fraudster has established a window of opportunity in which transactions are

conducted without the victim's knowledge. As detrimental as this can be to

consumers, the businesses and financial institutions actually suffer the greatest

loss.

According to Meridien Research, while the victim suffers an average loss of $808,

businesses and FIs absorb about $18,000 in fraudulent charges per victim.

People are sometimes responsible for their fraud, however; there is another type of

fraud in which people are not held responsible for that is when a merchant security

is breached or hacked. This occurs when some information of a customer´s credit

card could have been compromised. VISA, MasterCard, or American Express

report that a person may have obtained a hold of an account, therefore, the Banks

decide to change the customers cc number. In addition, International merchant

fraud is when the companies still bill a credit card without the customer´s approval

or authorization. The Banks need to remind the customer of their zero fraud liability

policy at all times, if applicable.

Since there has been a lot of fraud recently, many banks have implemented

different security measures to protect the customer’s information, for example;

adding different fraud department to specialize on the various types of frauds and

letting them know they are not responsible for fraudulent activity. Adding

passwords on the accounts can also decrease the percentage of ATO. Avoiding

entering credit card numbers to unknown websites can also caused duplication of

accounts. All customers should be aware that the credit card is a personal tool and

should not be given or lent to anyone, only if necessary. It is also essential to know

what to do when fraud is encounter. Credit card costumers ought to review their

monthly statements to make sure the charges are legitimate. People affected by

any type of fraud on their credit cards should immediately call their bank and start

an investigation and report it to police if necessary.

How can IT help your Business? by Daniel Martinez

In today’s economy every single company in the world is trying to stay ahead of his

competition. Technology on the other hand helps companies efficiently develop their

abilities in the best possible way with the best available resources. IT brings to the

table those tools to make it happen by giving businesses all around the world the

necessary tools to take the best out of available technologies.

IT stands for Information Technologies, this means basically all the available

technology applied to Information. There are numerous successful cases in which IT

has been applied to businesses in our country for example, handhelds; these allies are

the mobile devices that are known as handheld. By the years they have been

experiencing changes in his structure and function. Now they are more resistant to

hard working, humidity, and cold, resistant by falling from 2 meters. Also have options

to storage information on the unit or network connection using: wi-fi, bluetooth, 3G,

GSM, thus allowing immediate updating databases or query data accurate at the time.

In addition the use of these devices eliminates the high consumption of paper and

instant information management. In our country the have been used in the pineapple

exportation market helping keep track of what’s being exported.

Another ally who is here to stay are the systems of sales and online orders. These let

you manage many customers at once, without requiring a high number of employees

in a call center or office serving the public. These provide customers the ability to

check stock and prices of products without having to move to the company by

reducing the expenditure of time and money.

By seeing all these happening right now you may wonder what’s to come, well, the

next huge jump in the IT field is cloud computers. We will not need any hardware or

licensed software in the future because we will have all we need in the “cloud”. Instead

of installing a suite of software for each computer, you'd only have to load one

application. That application would allow workers to log into a Web-based service

which hosts all the programs the user would need for his or her job. Remote machines

owned by another company would run everything from e-mail to word processing to

complex data analysis programs. It's called cloud computing. In a cloud computing

system, there's a significant workload shift. Local computers no longer have to do all

the heavy lifting when it comes to running applications. The network of computers

that make up the cloud handles them instead. Hardware and software demands on the

user's side decrease. The only thing the user's computer needs to be able to run is the

cloud computing system's interface software, which can be as simple as a Web

browser, and the cloud's network takes care of the rest. By using cloud computing we

can also host meeting, have access to a remote desktop and seeing all that happens

within our business no matter where we are.

After all the wonders that IT offer us you may want to join this, well all it takes its

action. The first thing that you need before getting into this its assigning a budget to

spend on technology, in order to do this you might first want to hire an IT specialist

that will tell you how to spend that money wisely. Once you have all the Technology

that you need you might need to have a team within your company that takes care of

it. The results will amaze you.

As we can see the world of IT it’s pretty big and there is a huge amount of technology

to choose from. The results are pretty amazing and the best of it all it will put us in the

international market as a real competitor. As a country as well we need to invest into

having the besttechnology available at our hands to be important in this globalized

world.

CULTURE SECTIONTANGO by Tanya Ledezma

S ome experts say the tango dance is part of the Argentine tradition and folklore;

however it has been found to be the Uruguayan culture as well. Tango music comes before

the dance as part of the black and immigrant roots and it started to be known in the late

XIX century. Tango became a national and popular symbol with Carlos Gardel, in 1917,

when he recorded the song “mi noche triste”. Additionally, tango is defined by Royal

Academy: “Argentine dance with bonded couples, binary musical form and rhythm of two

by four, internationally spread”

This Argentine tradition emerged in the Rio de La Plata region, in the middle of popular

social classes, when merged European immigrants, African slaves and native people or

creoles habitants. It´s was born a particular cultural identity as a product of the mixture

of beliefs, rites and customs of this people.

Around the 80’s, tango started to spread in theaters and academies. In the beginning, this

dance was practiced by men and later women were incorporated as dance partners. Since

October 2009 tango musical gender is considered as Intangible Cultural Heritage by the

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO. Tango has

succeeded in spreading its true spirit worldwide, but at the same time it has adopted new

ages which includes a wide range of musicians, professional dancers and others.

Some characteristics that identify tango are: dance, music and poetry, since these elements

are part of the culture. Tango dance consists of three basic steps: the embrace, the slow

walking style and improvisation. However, the important thing is that with tango, through

the body language along the dance, the couple emotions have to be transmitted.

In the tango dance it is important the strong embrace of the couple, both have to see the

same side: woman to the right and man to the left and then both walk like if they were

supported in the front part of feet. During this dance, the couple must do shapes, pauses,

to create different movements for each of them without dropping each other, these steps

are called: “Cuts, creeks and doodles".

Nowadays, people dance tango to transmit some kind of

interpersonal communication; it is danced

in clubs, contests and as a hobby in some cases. Experts

say that tango reflects some sadness in dancers and for

other people also it is related to sexual desires.

Holi, Hindu party.by Guido Mora

According with a tradition Hindu, every year, thousands of Hindus participate in the festival Holi. The festival has many purposes. First and foremost, it celebrates the beginning of the new season, spring. Originally, it was a festival that commemorated good harvests and the fertile land. Hindus believe it is a time of enjoying spring's abundant colors and saying farewell to winter. It also has a religious purpose, commemorating events

present in Hindu mythology. Although it is the least religious holiday, it is probably one of the most exhilarating ones in existence. During this event, participants hold a bonfire, throw colored powder at each other, and celebrate wildly. Together, the rich and poor, women and men, enjoy each other’s presence on this joyous day. No one expects polite behavior; as a result, the atmosphere is filled with excitement, fun and joy.

Also, Holi is about fun, frolic and colour. The colorful festival brings people closer and reignites relationships. The best way to celebrate this joyful festival with your friends, family and loved ones, is take a little planning and a few easy tips to ensure your guests and you. To share a great time you must have music, food, water and colors.

A Holi party is incomplete without music; you can organize some live music, a dance floor and DJ where guests can put in requests for their favorite songs to be played. However, if you're planning a small party, you can compile a list of popular Bollywood Holi numbers like Rang Barse , Holi ke din , Do me a favor lets's play Holi. Something about food, keep a menu simple, for a day party, you can getaway with serving loads of finger foods and something like biryani with sauces and dips in the main course, also you can put aside trays of sweets like burfis, which your guests could even carry back as a return present. Holi is the festival of colors but make sure to use organic colors that don't ruin the skin. Keep plates of dry colour on each table from where your guest can easily access them. And don't let your guests get away without getting wet, you need install sprinklers or hoses to get a great party.Finally a good advice for your Holi is be careful with the colorant because the lack of control over the quality and content of these colors, is a problem, as they are frequently sold by vendors who do not know their origin, used dry colors, also called gulals, are toxic, with heavy metals causing asthma, skin diseases, temporary blindness and are associated with health issues.Oktoberfestby Daniel Martinez

There are many different ways to celebrate a wedding, here in Costa Rica we usually have a party with friends and family but in 1810 when King Ludwig I married Princess Therese of Bavaria they invited not just their friends but the whole town of Munich. This celebration has been alive until our days each year getting bigger and bigger now celebrating German culture and heritage.

Oktoberfest its celebrated running late September to the first weekend in October, originally it included horse races and breweries all around the city competed to make the finest beer for the festival. It all started because the wedding of the king of the city, King Ludwig I, for his celebrations he let everyone in the city into his castle grounds to party.

This festival nowadays consist of millions of people all around the world celebrating their German Heritage, this festivities include German music, cuisine and most

importantly beer. Beer it’s an elemental part of German identity, for the festival breweries in Munich produce millions of liters in order to satisfy the visitors, alcohol levels usually go a bit higher than normal beer going all the way up to 6.3% and jars of one litter are the minimum amount you can drink.

People eat a lot of foot as well, Hendl for example is whole chickens grilled on a spit and typically sold in halves, spit-roasted duck or goose, roasted meats, especially pork, and potato dumplings are served up with the traditional red cabbage and apple dish (Blaukohl) and fried fish as well. People usually sit on large tents with huge tables sitting up to 300 people that talk and share around food and beer. Music its essential for this celebration as well, typical groups of German popular music play all day on the tents dressed in typical costumes. It is normal to see people passed out of drunkenness on the streets and police usually watch after them.

This celebration now attracts millions of people from all parts of the world just to experience German culture, it is the most important tourist event in Germany and now its celebrated everywhere including Costa Rica. Germans residing in our country usually put up a similar celebration in the INbio parquet in Santo Domingo de Heredia.

Celebrations can bring up people together all around the world to be happy and share. There are many excuses like weddings, births, independence or religious, what’s interesting it’s our nature to celebrate life and be around others to share the happiness.

References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberfest#History

http://www.muenchen.de/int/en/events/

oktoberfest.html

Health, Mind & Body

People’ addictionsby Guido Mora

hat is the real meaning of addiction?

Do you have one? Dr. May C. says

“addiction is abstract concept, further

to the social, confront the dilemma

between medical – social to guilt –

moral.” I totally agree with Dr. May

because an addict can’t see the

difference between their health, a

social problem or if their actions are

morally correct. The majority of

people are not conscious of their

problems they need help. Now we will

talk about some important aspects of

addictions, such as the most common

addictions today, their relation to

stress and how to overcome them.

Believe or not, Thomas Ryan (2011)

writes, “The top ten legal addictions

are, shopping, TV, video games,

celebrity gossip, fast food, gambling,

pornography, alcohol, cigarettes and

finally prescription drugs”.

Are you part of this group? But, what

is it cause? Some of main causes of

addictions are, feel good brain

stimulus, genetic factors (parents or

grandparents), addictive substance or

an environment in their growing up,

think a moment in your house or

neighborhood, if you have an alcohol

bottles near you, you could have

more percentage to be an alcoholic.

According to the O.M.S (Global

Organization of Health) “stress is the

group of physiological reactions of the

body an action”, well, addictions can

produce a reaction in the body or

behavior, this is the relationship

between addictions and stress. Also,

if you have a lot of work, assignments

or problems, you can fall quickly in

addictions to try to escape from the

real world. At the beginning addict feel

better and part of a selected group.

In order to overcome an addiction you

must be brave, because you first

need recognize your problem, and

then find professional help, a

specialist doctor like a psychologist.

Sometimes the treatment requires the

person take pills or to be hospitalized

in a clinic. The best help is God and

the family, the majority of addicts fall

again in few weeks or months, the

real power to overcome them is inside

of your brain. You can be part of the

solution if you participate with special

groups to support addicts, like

“Hogares Crea”, “Centro de

restauración Maná” or “Anonymous

Alcoholics”

Finally, if you waste a lot of time in

particular activities like gambling,

consume pills or drugs every day, you

go to spend thousands of colones on

something or things, is time to stop

and evaluate your actions, behavior

and way to live. A good piece of

advice to move away from addictions

is to practice sports, go to church,

share time with your family and

friends. Don’t be afraid, recognize

your addictions is your opportunity to

continue fighting, you can do it.

AdictionsBy Tanya Ledezma

Addiction is a behavior that generates

pleasure in an individual. It is a habit

that dominates a person's will. There

is an over-reliance some substance,

an activity or even a

relationship. The

addict become

dependent on a

behavior and forgets

to do others

activities. Currently,

there are many modern addictions

liked to technology, cell phone, social

networks, to work, to exercise.

Addictions control the thoughts and

behaviors of individuals and then

addicts try to satisfy your wishes and

up commit improper acts in order to

achieve the desires of your addiction.

Experts say that addictions are

psychological disorders that qualify

how obsessive - compulsive.

Addiction can lead to negative

consequences in the lives of addicts.

Addictions cause problems in health,

family and labor relations,

psychological functioning,

interpersonal functioning and

occupational functioning; and legal,

financial and spiritual problems. When

a person is addicted to any drugs and

consume very often then damaged

his body and its vital functions. But

they also produce conflicts with family

members because they are

consumed in this addiction and forget

their responsibilities as parents or

children, and move away from the

family. At work is also very common to

evaluate the negative results that

produce an addiction since people are

often absent, are angry and upset by

not be doing his addiction.

People become addicts when they

cannot control the activities or the use

of some substances, so they become

feeling angry and upset, when they

cannot consume their addiction.

Stress is another manifestation of our

body when we feel that something or

someone is a threat, they are external

situations that cause us fear,

discomfort, fatigue, physical and

emotional pain.

However, the people try to find some

recreational activities to help them

overcome the stress such as for

example, exercise, practice some

sport, eat healthy food, sleep good

and talk to family or friends to release

emotions. To prevent addictions and

live without stress it is important to

live in harmony, I want to say, find a

balance in our lives, with our family

and friends, at work, at the University,

with everything, they should have a

positive attitude and should have

good feelings and thoughts of

ourselves and of others.

Finally, to overcome addictions

experts recommend a good quality of

life, health, food and amount of work

and therefore participate in

recreational activities we relax and

that will help us enjoy a little more our

lives.

Real Face of Adictions

By Daniel Martinez

Adictions are very common

nowadays, its very common for us to

see someone begging for money on

the streets or someone looking up for

a shelter because of his or her drug

adictions, truth its that anyone can be

that person. Addictions can vary from

alcohol,drugs, cigarretes, sex, video

games, basically anything can

become an addiction.

Low self steem, depression and many

other factors can push into an

adiction, as humans beans we need

to take a stance and overcome that

addiction, whichever we have. There

are many organizations and

professionals like psychologists,

religious leaders, councelours that

can assist in our recovery.

The hardest part of an addiction its to

face that you have one and that it

doesn't matter how hard you try to

deny it you have to look up for help.

People of all social clases can fall into

an addiction. Psicological pressure

can lead us into an addiction.

There are many temptations in todays

world we just need to face them and

realize that everything is not what it

seems, some of us have families who

support us, or even faith but the most

important motivation to overcome an

addiction has to be inner motivation.