testing refractive indexes in solution sam benkelman

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Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

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Page 1: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution

Sam Benkelman

Page 2: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Introduction--AbstractThe refractive index, n, of a substance determines how much it bends light upon entrance in a vacuum. Directly related to density, n of solid substances can be measured in a variety of ways. This experiment designs and proofs a new method with which to test the refractive indexes of solutions.

Page 3: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Background--Refractionhttp://www.freezeray.com/flashFiles/Refraction1.htm

http://www.freezeray.com/flashFiles/Refraction2.htm

Page 4: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Background--Refraction● Snell’s Law

n1sin𝜭1 = n2sin𝜭2

Page 5: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Setup

Tank Laser

Wall

n1

n2

Page 6: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Setup

Perpendicular

Distance P

Distance D

Width W

𝞱1

��2

Page 7: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Procedureindex of air is virtually 1

n2 = sin𝜭1 / (sin(tan-1(P/W)))

P = Wtan(sin-1(sin𝜭1 /n2 ))

Page 8: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Procedure● Set testing tank in place● Turn on laser, mark initial endpoint● Pour in solution● Mark final endpoint● Measure distance P

Page 9: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman
Page 10: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

DataSubstance Distance P (mm) Calculated Index Given Index

H2O (baseline) 68 1.327 1.33--1.34

NaCl, 2 M 66 1.351 1.38

Ethyl Alcohol 64 1.376 1.36

Soybean Oil 54 1.535 1.47

Page 11: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Conclusion● In a perfect world…

o Results look hopefulo Testing method could be practical on a larger scale

Page 12: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

Improvements● BETTER MEASUREMENTS

Page 13: Testing Refractive Indexes in Solution Sam Benkelman

References"‘Cloaking’ Device Uses Ordinary Lenses to Hide Objects across Range of Angles."

NewsCenter. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015.

"Maxwell's Equations." Maxwell's Equations. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2015.

Fried, Stephen D. "Calculations of the Electric Fields in Liquid Solutions." The Journal of Physical Chemistry. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2015.