texas association of school psychologists annual conference norma s. guerra, phd ncsp, lssp
TRANSCRIPT
Texas Association of School Psychologists Annual Conference
Norma S. Guerra, PhDNCSP, LSSP
AgendaOverview of clinical problem solving
theoretical frameworkLIBRE ModelGround rulesExerciseProblem solving as a clinical toolData unitsScoring and ImplicationsIntervention and Services
Social Cognitive TheoryAlbert Bandura – Social Learning
Theory - People learn by observing other people’s actions.
Active agent in life - beliefs, self-perceptions, and expectations
Social Cognitive Theory includes person/cognition, behavior and environment as a reciprocal interaction
The Focus is on the IndividualBandura & Schunk (1981) explain competence
and efficacy as learned skills
Bandura (1986) further details the dynamic self to explain that we are not observers of our own lives
Self-agency involves core properties of:IntentionalityForethoughtSelf-reactiveness Self-reflection (Bandura, 2006)
Self-Efficacy“Self-efficacy is the belief in one’s
capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations.” (Bandura, 1986)
What does self-efficacy do?The choices we makeThe effort we put forthHow long we persist when difficulty arisesHow we feel
Social Influences/ Environmental
Outcomes/ Behaviors
Self-Influences/ Personal
Mediating Mechanism:Mediating Mechanism: BeliefsBeliefs
Goal ProgressMotivation
ModelsInstructionFeedback
GoalsSelf-EfficacyOutcome ExpectationsAttributions
Interactive Relation
Sources of Self-EfficacyMASTERY EXPERIENCES – (Most powerful) Successful experiences
SOCIAL PERSUASION – “pep talk” or encouragement
AROUSAL – Physical and psychological reactions – excited,
tense
VICARIOUS EXPERIENCES – Accomplishments modeled by
someone else
Goal OrientationFactors that Affect Change
Schunk and Zimmerman - increased capacity to process information, use strategies, and meet a defined goal
Goal orientation involves an individual’s engagement in achieving a focal activity
Self-efficacy - Past experience, perception and good consequences heightens motivation
Goal Setting - more likely to model behaviors that will help them attain goals
LIBRE ModelMulti-faceted meta-cognitive social activity
designed to slow down the problem solving process
There are five prompted steps that are based on social cognitive and goal orientation theory to address initial and sustained attention
The exchange begins with an invitation, ground rules and the five open-ended questions
LIBRE Model Ground RulesRespect – all persons involved in problem solving
must be upheld in a position of esteem understanding that there is a vulnerability involved in disclosing challenge
Client Safety – boundaries must be maintained
Safe Environment – ensure a comfortable private setting
Confidentiality - ensured within defined parameters
Exercise
LIBRE ModelL – to listenI – to identify your
focus/concern/challengeB – to brainstormR – to reality test optionsE – to encourage
Each has as its goal the monitoring of investment
Using the LIBRE Model as a Clinical ToolErikson (1968) explains that identity
development involves an internal (as the person becomes aware of self) and an external (in relationship to others) resolution of crisis
It is these crisis points and the development of resolution that define who we are, what we want, and provide opportunity for development
LIBRE ModelDesigned as a critical thinking template to
facilitate problem solving/decision-making
The goal is to affirm, empower and teach self-efficacy skills and management needed to manage the processing of concerns and problems as they arise
Data UnitsThe student’s words are the only data collected
Only the student’s words are analyzed for social context (e.g., what you are thinking, what you are feeling, how you express what is occurring within your environment), goal orientation (e.g., within your control, detailed) and self-regulated attentiveness
The observed attentiveness: initial and sustained attention is used to define engagement styles
Intervention and Services
Engagement Style Scoring and Implications
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Motivational Investment Levels
Questions & AnswersWhen do I use it?
Can I use it in combination with other interventions?
Are there limits to the populations that it can be used with?
