Slide 1

TYPES OF YARNS PROPERTIESEND APPLICATIONNATIONAL INSITUTE OF FASHIION TECHONOLOGY (CHENNAI)Tina dhingraMFTECH1JUTE2plyS TwistJute is also called "the golden fiber" for its color and high cash value.It falls into theBAST FIBRE category It is the second most important vegetable fiber after cotton, in terms of usage, global consumption, production, and availability.

Length1.5-4mmDiameter0.015-0.020mmMoisture Regain(MR%)13.75%Resiliency BADCOLORwhite, off-white, yellow, brown, grey, goldenStrength(Tenacity)3-4 gm/denierElongation1.7% at the breakPhysical Properties

Physical PropertiesDimensional Stability GoodAbrasion ResistanceAverageEffect of light and heat Average Effect of Micro organismGood(better than cotton)BURNING TEST FOR JUTE

In FlameIgnites immediatelyRemoved From FlameContinues to burn, doesnt shrink from flameOdorBurning paper or woodAshLight coloredADVANTAGES OF JUTE FIBERSUnder stress jute extends only 0.5% to its stable form and so gives wonderful dimensional stability. Protecting EnvironmentThe hairy surface of jute fabric gives it a capacity to gripDISADVANTAGES OF JUTE FIBERSThe crease resistance of Jute is very low.Drape Property is not good enough.Create Shade effect and becomes yellowish if sunlight is used.If Jute is wetted it lose its strength

END-USES OF JUTE GOODS

Bags and sacks for packing almost all kinds of agricultural products, minerals, fertilizer, cement Wool packs and cotton bales Wrapping materials Carrier and backing fabric for carpet and linoleum Cordage and twines Webbing and fabric to cover inner springs in auto seats and upholster furniture Cargo separator in shipEND-USES OF JUTE GOODS

Brattice cloth for mine ventilation and partition Filling material in cable Roofing and floor covering apparel Footwear lining Wall covering and furnishing fabric Fashion accessories Jute geo-textile for erosion control and many more.

END APPLICATIONS

END APPLICATIONS

ACRYLIC

2ply S TwistAcrylic is also called acrilan fabricAcrylic fibersaresynthetic fibersmade from a polymer (polyacrylonitrile) DuPontcreated the first acrylic fibers in 1941 and trademarked them under the nameOrlon.

BURNING TEST FOR ACRYLIC

In FlameBurns QuicklyRemoved From FlameContinues To Melt

OdorAcidic Odor

AshPlastic Looking Bead

Physical Properties

Tenacity2-4.2 gm/denDensity1.16 gm/cc

Elongation at break20 to 55%

ElasticityGoodMoisture Regain(MR%)1-2.5%

ResiliencyGood

Physical PropertiesMelting point230C

Ability to protest frictionGood

ColorWhite or grey whiteLight reflection abilityGood

Ability to protest heatIt can protest up to 150C temperature

LustureBright to light

Advantages of Acrylic fiber

They are light weight but have more bulk.They are odor and mildew resistant tooCleans easily.A transparency rate of 93% makes acrylic the clearest material known.

Disadvantages of Acrylic fiberIt is more expensive than glass.If exposed to a direct flame it will melt and eventually burn.

END-USES OF ACRYLICFOR CLOTHING: Sweaters, Women's and Children's Wear, Sports Wear, Socks, Knitted Underwear, Pajamas, Gloves, etc

FOR HOME FURNISHINGS AND BEDDING: Carpets, A Variety of Rugs, Upholstery, Cushions, Blankets, Pile Sheets, etc.

FOR INDUSTRIAL USES: Felts for Paper Making, Filter Cloth, Alternative Asbestos, Tents, Sheet, etc.

FOR OTHER USES: Rag Doll, Toys, Auxiliary Tapes for Bags, Braids, Cloth for Bags, Wigs, etc.

END-USES OF ACRYLIC

END-USES OF ACRYLIC

NYLONNylon with PolytheneBraided yarnNylonis a generic designation for a family ofsynthetic polymersknown generically as aliphaticpolyamidesNylon was intended to be a synthetic replacement forsilkIt replaced silk in military applications such as parachutesandflak vests, and was used in many types of vehicle tiresPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Tenacity6.0-8.5 gm/den

Density1.14 gm/ccElongation at break15-45%

ElasticityVery good

Moisture Regain(MR%)3.5-5%

ResiliencyGood

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Melting point215C

Ability to protest frictionExcellent

ColorWhite

Light reflection abilityNot good

Ability to protect heatUpto 150C

LustureBright to lightBURNING TEST FOR NYLON

In Flame Melts slowly

Removed From FlameSelf extinguishesOdorUnidentified odor

AshPlastic bead

AdvantagesHigh elongationExcellent abrasion resistanceHighly resilient (nylon fabrics are heat-set)High resistance to: insects, fungi and animals, molds, mildew, rot, many chemicalsDisadvantagesAttacked by oxidizing agentsHigh shrinkage in molded sectionsenvironmental problems regarding its lack of being biodegradable

END USES OF NYLON

Womens hosieryLingerieActive sportswearSoft floor coveringsCarpetingIndustrial uses include: Tire cord, machine parts, such as gears and bearings Automotive uses: Belts, Ropes, Parachute fabric rip-stop nylon, intake manifolds, gas (petrol) tankscarpet fiber END USES OF NYLON

fishing lines footwear pantyhose Wind pants toothbrush bristles Velcro airbag fiber slings and rope used in climbing gear and slack lining

END APPLICATIONS

26SPANDEX (LYCRA)

Monofilament yarnSpandexorelastane or elastomeric fiberis asynthetic fiberknown for its exceptionalelasticity. The name "spandex" is an anagram of the word "expands".It is the preferred name inNorth America; in continental Europe it is referred to by variants of "elastane",PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Tenacity0.7 gm/denDensity:1.21-1.35 gm/ccElongation at break400-700%ElasticityExcellent

Moisture Regain(MR%)0.6%

ResiliencyVery Good

Ability to protest frictionExcellent

ColorWhite or near white

Ability to protest heatNot good

LustureLess brightBURNING TEST OF SPANDEX

In Flame

Melts slowlyRemoved From Flame

Self extinguishingOdorAcidic

Ash

Plastic bead29Advantages of Lycra

It is used in clothing because its lightweight, comfortable, and breathable.Due to its fitting nature it is often used in women's clothing rather than in men's clothing.It dries quickly, moisture wicking and it is easy to dye.It hasbacteriaresistant nature, blocks ultraviolet rays and so it is used in garments.Garments that are made using lycra are socks,swimwear, exercise clothing and leggings.

Disadvantages of Lycra

Since it is tight-fitting, non-cyclists feel hard to accept its appearance.Social acceptance of this tight-fitting is still slowly being implemented.If the Lycra is being used as a base for gluing, as might be the case in a foam bodysuit, the glue will tend not to soak in thefibersand you will not get good adherence.

31END APPLICATIONS

32COTTON

Cottonis a soft, fluffy staplefiberthat grows in aboll, Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will tend to increase the dispersion of the seeds.ply- 6Twist- S

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COTTON

ColorWhite, creamy white, bluish white, yellowish white or grey.Textile Strength3.5gm/den. Elongation at break5-10%.

Specific Gravity1.54

Moisture Regain(MR%): Standard moisture regain is 8.5

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COTTON

Elastic Recovery

It is inelastic and rigid fiberEffect of Sunlightgradual loss of strength when cotton is exposed to sunlight and the fiber turns yellow.Effect of ageIt shows a small loss of strength when stored carefullyEffect of Heatcotton is severely damaged after few minutes at 240CBURNING TEST OF COTTONIn Flame

Ignites immediatelyRemoved From Flame

Continues to burnOdor

Burning paper or woodAshLight ash, blows away

ADVANTAGES OF COTTONEnvironmentally friendly DurableSoftDISADVANTAGES OF COTTONCotton clothes will begin to fade after a few years, particularly if left in direct sunlight. Cotton is not a very weatherproof fabric. If left outside it is also likely to be damaged by mold and mildew. Man-made fabrics tend to be much tougher, and mold resistant

END APPLICATION

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