PowerPoint Presentation

Presentation on Textile Finishing

1

Presented byTONAME IDMd. Mahabub Hasan

Lecturer, Department of Textile Engineering, BUBT

Shahjahan Badsha12132107050Fatema Akter rekha12132107055Mahbubul Alam 12132107072Rumana Afrose Rupa12132107076

FINISHING The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It is done after dying and before delivery to market.Objects of finishing a) To improve fabric attractiveness. - By modification of fabric appearance(optical brightening), -By altering fabric handle (Softening, Stiffening) -Control of fabric dimension (Sanforising, Compacting)b) To improve service ability -Protection of fabric (Flame proofing, Water proofing) -Improved performance (Water repellency, Raising) -Easy care properties (Resin finish, Crease recovery) Shrinkage & gsm Control Increase wash fastness

Types of finishing:

Sequence of finishing Tube fabric finishingHydro-extractor De-watering Dryer Tubular compactor

Open fabric finishingHydro-extractor Slitting & De-watering Dryer Stenter Open Compactor

Observation of Different Finishing m/c:

Slitting machine:This machine is used to make the tube fabric into open form. Machine parts and functions:Rotary blade: To cut the fabric through break wales lineRing: To help cuttingGuide Roller: To guide the fabric to plaitingPlaiting: To plate the fabricSensor: sense for cutting through break wales line

Fig4: Slitting Machine

Tube Squeezer or De-Watering M/C

After dyeing process fabrics are sent for de-watering. This is the process to remove the water from the fabric partially by squeezing. This is the main function of the squeezing machine.

Important parts -Twist detector -Expander -Padder

The basic function of the squeezing m/c: -To remove the water from the fabric. -To control the width of the fabric. -To control the length of the fabric. -To control the spirality of the fabric. -To control the over feeding system. -To increase the softness of the fabric. -To remove the crease mark of the fabric.

Hydro extractor Machine

Hydro extractor machine is like a round basket and it is made of steel. There are a lot of holes on the down side of this basket. After putting the wet fabric in the hydro extractor, it moves and water is removed by the centrifugal extraction. Extract water is drained out through the holes.Hydro Extractor Machine

Working ProcessCentrifugal extractor machine isused for removing extra water from fabric by centrifugal method. Normally 75% water is passed away by this technique of hydropower. The extraction time of centrifugal extractor is about 7-10 minutes. After extraction of access water we can find out the productivity of the hydro extractor. It is used forindustrial laundering business

Working width 1300mm Machine speed 5~30M/min Machine for the hydro extractor, softener, air ballooning type of cotton knitted tubular fabrics without tension, with fabrics entwisting, air balloon, control of the squeezing pressure and control of the final width of the fabric. Automatic control of the feeding without tension, no edge mark, final folding without stretching. Versions with simple or double squeezing and imbuing with softeners.

Technical Data

Defination :A machine or apparatus used for stretching or stentering fabrics is called Stenter machine. Cotton fabrics shrinks widthwise and weft destorted due to bleaching & dyeing.The main function of the machine is to stretch the fabric widthwise & to recover the uniform width.Uses :It is used for open form fabrics(woven & knit ).Stenter Machine

Figure of stenter machine

Before stenter After stenter

Finishing effect of stenter m/c Before stenter After stenter Water is contained in fabricSpirality is appearedShrink is appearedGSM is not adjustedGSM:- (140-145)Fabric dia is uncontrolled

Water is removedSpirality is not appearedShrink is controlledGSM isn't adjustedGSM:- (155-160)Fabric dia is controlled

COMPACTOR MACHINE:

Compactor is a textile finishing machine which is designed specially for compacting 100% cotton knitted fabric like jersey, pique, interlock & rib etc. as well as cotton blended fabric in rope form

Upgrade the fabric hand feel and import a smooth, silky touch to the fabric. Compress the fabric and reduce its thickness. Improve the opacity of the fabric. Import different degree of luster to the fabric. Reduce the yarn slippage.Objective of Compacting:

Function:GSM controlWidth controlIroning the fabrics To compact the fabricTo control the shrinkageShrinkage controlTo maintain proper width and G.S.M

Fabric Path of Tube Compactor

Machine ParameterSet Up ValueSteam Pressure2 bar.Air Pressure4 bar.Temperature100-120 C.Machine Speed15-50 m/minOver Feed35 m/min

Open compactor

Before Compactor After Compactor

Finishing effect of Compactor m/cBefore Compactor FinishingAfter Compactor FinishingSmall amount of water is contained.Crease mark Luster mediumHand feel mediumGSM isnt adjustedShrinkage is high Access water is removed.Low GSM can be adjusted.Crease mark isnt appearedLuster mediumHand feel goodGSM is adjustedShrinkage is removed

Brushing MachineBy the brushing machine back side of the fleece fabric is brushed.

Note:Brushing action is done on the back side of the fleece fabricFabric is run in m/c for 3-6 times until the target is achieved. fabric GSM will reduce.This is a mechanical action and once produced cannot be changed.

Before brushAfter brush

Raising:During raising, the fabric surface is treated with sharp teeth to lift the surface fibres, thereby imparting hairiness, softness and warmth, as in flannelette.

Main parts:Return drag rollerPileCounter pileFront drag rollerSuction pumpDrumPlaiter roller

FeedDeliveryPileCounter pileFront dragRollerRear dragRollerReturn drag rollerPlaiter rollerFigure : Cross-sectional view of Raising Brush machine

Machine Functions:To obtain a lofty handle effect on fabric.To obtain fleece appearance.To create pile on fabric surface.To produce a heavier surface made of fibers.

Some Chemical Finishes

SoftenersSoftening treatment is one of the most important chemical after treatments in the textile industry.By softening treatment textile can achieve not only soft handle but also:Some smoothness. More flexibility. Drape and Pliability. Antistatic properties. Luster. Soft handle.

Types of softeners:

RESINSAdvantages:Resins have a profound effect on and cause changes in the hand (feel), drapability and physical characteristics of textiles.They add stiffness to fabrics and are thus used as stiffening agents or to create a firm hand.Yarns in fabric will be stabilized and will resist shrinkage in laundering.

MercerizationThis finish imparts luster to the cotton.Increases cotton strength by nearly 25% and improves dye affinity.FullingIt is a method of thickening woollen material to make it more water-resistant