The Phasmid

Study Group C H A I R M A N : Judith Marshall.

Dept. of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road,

London SW7 5BD. (Tel: 0171 938 9344 ; FAX 0171 938 8937)

T R E A S U R E R / M E M B E R S H I P : Paul Brock.

"Papfflon", 40 Thorndike Road, Slough, Berks. SL2 1SR.

(Tel: 01753 579447)

S E C R E T A R Y : Phil Bragg

51 Longfield Lane, Ilkeston, Derbyshire, DE7 4DX.

(Tel: 0115 9305010)

S E P T E M B E R 1996 NEWSLETTER No 68 ISSN 0268-3806

D I A R Y D A T E S 1996

O C T O B E R 5th. A E S A N N U A L E X H I B I T I O N . 11.00 - 1700

Kempton Park Racecourse, Staines Road, Sunbury, Middx.

Admission by programme at the door, £1.00 (AES members free on production o f pass

issued in August "Bulletin")

The Exhibition is held at the Kempton Park Racecourse and is easy to reach by both car &

rail. The M25 is very near and is linked to Kempton Park by the M3. Sunbury railway

station is only a short walk away, and trains run from Waterloo, providing a regular

service. There is ample parking at Kempton Park. The Phasmid Study Group wil l be

exhibiting and we shall look forward to meeting both old and new members.

N O V E M B E R 2nd. D E R B Y S H I R E E N T O M O L O G Y S O C I E T Y E X H I B I T I O N .

11.30hrs - 15.30hrs

Broomfield College, Morley, Derby. (On A605, just outside Derby).

I f you would like to help put on a PSG display, please contact Phil Bragg.

D E C E M B E R 1st. C H R I S T M A S E N T O M O L O G I C A L F A I R .

Granby Halls, Leicester.

1997

J A N U A R Y 25th. T H E P H A S M I D S T U D Y G R O U P A . G . M .

The Natural History Museum, South Kensington, London.

(Details o f this wil l be sent out on a separate sheet).

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E X H I B I T I O N S & M E E T I N G S R E P O R T

The P S G Summer Meeting. - Paul Taylor

This was held at The Natural History Museum, London, and was again well attended, by

approximately 70 members, and once again, a number of new faces were there. A number

o f items were brought to members' attention, these being:

1) Ideas for talks or/and activities for future meetings, (see page 9)

2) The possibility o f a collecting trip to a foreign country, possibly in the year 2000.

(see page 6)

3) The purchasing and sale o f more PSG gifts, besides the present "T - shirts" (page 8)

Before the Livestock Exchange, Phil Bragg gave a very interesting and practical

demonstration on sorting different species of stick insect eggs from the frass. Thanks go

to Phil for standing in at very short notice. The Livestock Exchange then took place, with

Ian Abercrombie disappearing beneath a mass of people, all eager to get hold o f what was

available. Thanks go to Stephen Clarke for looking after the Livestock table whilst Ian

attended the committee meeting, and also for helping Ian during the Exchange. After the

Livestock Exchange, Liz and Dorothy Newman demonstrated painting in water-colours,

and as members where warned in previous newsletters, audience participation was

expected. A number o f insect specimens were used as "models" and we all (including the

Editor) set about painting them. I must here apologise to Liz for ruining her picture -

sorry Liz, I kind o f flooded it!. Still, at the end o f the day there were some very

interesting pictures produced, and we certainly do have some budding artists in our midst.

So no excuses, you can start producing pictures/drawings for the Newsletter.

We cannot finish without saying thank you to Nichola Waddicor, and son Thomas, for yet

again manning the door and making all members welcome to our meeting.

Insect display at Stoneywish Country Park, Ditchling. - Stan Pack

Very early on Sunday 28th July, I put the finishing touches to my display o f mainly stick

insects and then went on to the Country Park, Ditchling, West Sussex, and found that I

had been given four six foot long trestle tables to put my display on. I was housed in a

flint and red-brick old barn, with fan-tailed pigeons in the rafters. I was told that the

dwarf, black and white rabbit had had her babies in the corner, so she would be in

evidence for most o f the day. I had my display set up by about 1100 hrs, and with the

display cages, kindly loaned to me by Dave Ruskin from the "Living World", it looked

quite good.

I set up a container with Bramble and Hazel in it, and added various stick insects. The

most interest was paid to the Leaf insects and Haaniella grayii that Ian Abercrombie had

given to me.

A steady stream of people came to view the display including families with children, for

which I had specimens available to handle. I had PSG membership forms available on

display, as well as other stick and butterfly/moth literature, and a large amount o f colour

3

photographs of unusual invertebrates. These seemed to get people interested, and to ask

questions.

At 1615 hrs I packed the display away into my car,.and took the sticks home to their

respective cages.

I think it is worth all the effort of putting on a good display because you are making the

public more aware of the largely unseen world of invertebrates/insects.

On-line sticks! - Philip King

Being a user of the CIX conferencing system I thought I would see if there was any

interest in stick-insects among the other users. There was a small but encouraging

response, and so in March I started a conference to accommodate us. But before I go any

further I'd better explain a few things!

CIX (pronounced "kicks") is a computer conferencing system with about 15,000

members, mostly in the UK. Users are allowed to create conferences on any subject which

interests them, and other users are free to join in and chat together within the conference.

Conferences may have files stored in them too, so picture and text files may be archived

for access by all members.

So anyway, I started a conference for the discussion of Stick-insects and called it

"stickies", which seemed a friendly enough name, and added a topic (sub-conference) to it,

called "bramble", where all the chatter is made.

So far the conference has about 20 members, some of which are quite active and chat a

lot, others do not participate openly but read the messages which others put up. The total

number of messages exchanged between members has exceeded 400 since March. It has

proved to be a good way to swap care tips and to find contacts for exchanging nymphs,

and I'm sure that as the knowledge of the members grows it will become another valuable

resource for Phasmid studies - but at the moment it is very informal and strictly amateur.

Unfortunately CIX is not accessible to anyone without an account, so having an Internet

connection won't give you access. However, if you have a computer and a modem CIX is

easy to join at a reasonable cost (currently £6.75 pern).

I f you would like more information please don't hesitate to contact me at my address in

the membership list or email me at ignatz@cix.compulink.co.uk.

4

A C T I V I T I E S F O R F U T U R E P.S .G M E E T I N G S

Exhibition and Meetings Officer - Paul Jennings

I urgently require offers from members wishing to give a talk on a Phasmid related topic at

the 1997 A G M , and future meetings. Examples o f previous talks include: Painting

Wildlife in Water-colours, Phasmid Taxonomy, Slide Shows and Photography of

Phasmids.

Ideally we like to have two talks per meeting, each one lasting for approximately 30 to 45

minutes. Anyone wishing to give a talk should contact me A.S.A.P. on 01332 343477 or

by post: 89 Brackensdale Ave., Kingsway, Derby, DE22 4AF.

I await your offers!

Charges to the Species List - Phil Bragg

PSG 30, 58, 137 should all be Pharnacia not Tirachoidea.

PSG 46 should be Marmessoidea rosea (Fabricius).

Correction in Newsletter 67:5 - Martin Bruckner

PSG 104 should read Phaenopharos herwaardeni Hennemann, Conle & Bruckner, 1966

Aplopus sp. from Haiti - Phil Bragg

In May 1995 Frank Hennemann sent me some eggs o f an Aplopus sp. which originally

came from Haiti. I have now reared adults and have compared them with the two species

already in culture (PSG 48 and 61). The species from Haiti appears to be the same species

as PSG 61. There is a difference in the shape of the micropylar plate but this may not be

significant because the shape of the plate is quite variable The micropylar plate o f the

Haiti culture is wider and more pear shaped.

Sorting eges of Neohirasea maerens - Phil Bragg

Separating eggs from droppings can be very time consuming. Usually I use a series o f

sieves to separate the eggs; i f there is a big size difference the eggs are separated in

seconds, in other cases a large proportion o f the droppings are removed thus simplifying

the manual sorting. The eggs of Neohirasea maerens pose a particular problem, they are

5

spherical and the same size as most of the droppings, to further complicate matters this

species lays a lot of eggs.

In cases where the eggs are smooth and rounded it is possible to separate them by rolling

them down a sheet of paper because the droppings tend to be elongated or irregular in

shape. This does not work with this species, the droppings also roll, about as well as eggs

when on paper. However, as the eggs are almost perfect spheres they do roll better than

the droppings when on a sheet of glass, the eggs roll off when the glass is tilted only

slightly, the droppings remain in place. This technique should also be useful for some

other species. The disadvantage compared to using paper is that it is not possible to fold

the glass and roll the eggs into a small container, a large catching container is needed.

Two-day Phasmid Study Group meeting - Phil Bragg

At present PSG meetings last 4-5 hours. Much of this time is taken up with general

business, and livestock distribution. There are rarely displays of phasmids, largely because

people likely to bring along material for display realise that there is not enough time for

members to see it properly. Demonstrations are difficult because there are too many

people in one group for them to be able to see properly and there is not enough time to do

demonstrations several times to smaller groups.

The cost and time taken travelling to meetings is high for many members when compared

to the time actually spent at the meetings. For example from Ilkeston by public transport

it costs over £40 and takes a minimum of 6 hours travelling time. For members in

mainland Europe, northern England, Scotland, or Ireland the cost and time is far higher.

It has been suggested that a two-day meeting would give good value for money.

Travelling time and cost would be the same but the meeting time could be four times as

long. Before we organise such an event we need to know how many people would be

interested in attending a weekend event so, when you have finished reading this, make

sure you complete and return the questionnaire at the end of this Newsletter.

A two-day event would give time for a variety of talks and demonstrations, and would

make it worthwhile organising displays. For example it may be possible to have most of

the species in culture on display. Several demonstrations, talks, etc. could be given at the

same time, with each one being repeated during the weekend, this would allow for small

group work but still allow everyone to participate.

Many PSG members are also interested in cockroaches or mantids so the meeting could be

held in conjunction with the Blattodea Culture Group and Mantis Study Group. This

would have the added advantage of offering more variety.

The main obstacle to a two-day meeting will be finding a suitable venue. The Natural

History Museum is too expensive, and overnight accommodation in central London is too

expensive. The committee do not know of anywhere suitable. Can you help9 I f you know

of anywhere suitable please contact the PSG Secretary. Ideally the venue would be in the

London area (because there are many PSG members nearby). Places which may be

6

suitable would include schools, universities, church halls, etc. We would be willing to

make a display o f livestock and posters, and perhaps a slide-show open to the public for

part o f the weekend. I f a venue can be found it may be quite expensive and it may be

necessary to charge members who attend in order to cover part of the costs. Members

would also have to pay for overnight accommodation i f necessary.

The requirements for the venue are as follows:

1. A minimum of 3 rooms each capable of holding 15-20 people plus at least one larger

room with full blackout facilities suitable for slide shows capable o f seating 50

people.

2. Access to toilets.

3. Cost o f hiring the venue to be less than £300 for the weekend.

4. Located in the London area or with easy access to an international airport.

5. Car parking on site, or nearby.

6. Cheap accommodation nearby. This could be either B & B , youth hostel, cheap hotel,

or lots o f local members with spare beds!

7. Refreshment facilities

So that we can assess the interest in such a meeting, please complete and return the

questionnaire which accompanies this Newsletter.

20th An niversary Expedition - Phil Bragg

During the ten years that I have been a PSG member many people have suggested a PSG

collecting expedition. 1999 wil l be the 20th anniversary o f the PSG and this seems a good

time to organise such a trip. Please read the following and then complete and return the

questionnaire which is included with this Newsletter.

The expedition would take place during school summer holidays (i.e. between late July

and early September) in order to accommodate teachers and students. It would not be

necessary for everyone to be there for the whole time, provision could be made for people

willing to participate for say just two weeks. Obviously destination and duration wil l have

a strong influence on costs, but planning for £1500-2000 would seem reasonable. My

own trips to Borneo over the past 7 years have cost less than £1500 for 4-5 weeks. You

have two years - so start saving.

There wil l have to be restrictions on the age of participants. The number o f people under

18 would be limited and each would have to be accompanied by a parent or guardian

appointed by their parents.

A group o f any size will need to be sanctioned by the country being visited and would

need official permits etc. It may be possible to co-ordinate with a local museum or

university.

7

S A L E O F L I V E S T O C K

Introduction - Judith Marshall.

Over the years many members o f the PSG have at times been involved in fairly heated

discussions on the delicate question of selling stick insects. We have always tried to

ensure that members do not make a commercial profit from insects that have been given

freely by other members, and this basic premise cannot change. However, Phil Bragg,

suggests a change to our rule on the sale of livestock for a few selected species only. His

reasoning is sound - that this relaxation would benefit both the species in question and the

general membership - and is worth considering by all members.

Proposal - Phil Bragg

The PSG should consider changing the rule (Rule 20) governing the sale o f livestock to

allow members to sell the most common easy-to-rear species to non members.

PSG Rule 20 does two things, it prohibits the sale of livestock obtained as a result o f

membership o f the PSG, and it prohibits members from selling livestock to other members.

The rule is intended to serve two functions: it should ensure that the species in culture are

available free to PSG members, and it prevents people profiting as a result o f species

collected from the wild by other PSG members.

When applied to fast breeding common species, rule 20 provides no benefits and is

actually detrimental to members and the insects. Such species are not affected by either o f

the above reasons for having the rule. They are readily available to PSG members, and

often there is not enough demand to absorb the surplus; for example no one even bothers

to bring the most commonly kept species such as PSG 1 or 4 to meetings because they

know there wil l be little or no demand for them. The fast-breeding common species are

already being sold by dealers anyway so the second point does not apply. In addition, any

"easy" species cultured in the future wil l become available to dealers when PSG members

with the species do not renew their membership, or when the species are passed on to

dealers by PSG members.

A change in the rules is unlikely to influence the availability o f livestock within the group

as only a minute proportion of people send eggs to the co-ordinator; these people are

more likely to continue to do so. Furthermore, few members are likely to sell phasmids

except when they become seriously overstocked and have no alternative method o f

disposal; although posting excess insects is theoretically possible it is not practicable

because o f the cost o f postage.

The existing rules would be retained for most species. Any breach o f the current rule

which is reported to the committee has to involve identification o f the species concerned

because most members are entitled to sell some species already, so this would be

unaffected.

There are several benefits of the proposed change to Rule 20

8

1. A reduction in the number of insects killed by members because of overcrowding;

members could sell them to local pet shops instead.

2. Wider availability of livestock to the public, resulting in an increased awareness and

interest in phasmids. This is in accordance with the aims of the PSG.

3. People currently put off joining the PSG by Rule 20 would be more likely to join the

group.

4. Members can dispose of livestock to pet shops and make some money towards the

cost of cages, etc.

5. There would be an incentive for some members to continue to keep some of the easy

species which they might otherwise stop keeping.

I propose that some species are deregulated so that they may be sold outside the PSG,

with the list of deregulated species being reviewed annually and supplemented or

decremented as deemed necessary. Initially I would suggest that species PSG 1, 4, 103,

162, 163 are deregulated, all are commercially available. Other species could also be

considered e.g. PSG 5, 9, 22, 118

Proposed change to the PSG constitution

Proposed by Phil Bragg (No 445)

The current Rule 15

Currently Rule 15 states: "Major decisions on Group policy and finance shall be made by

members at Annual General Meetings and Extraordinary general Meetings.

Reasoning

At present more than 50% of the membership are effectively disenfranchised by the cost of

travelling to meetings (especially from abroad), or by age because they are too young to

travel to meetings without an accompanying adult. Therefore provision should be made

for a postal ballot on any constitutional changes.

Proposed change

The following to be added to Rule 15: "except changes to the constitution which shall be

made only by postal ballot of all members"

Conclusion - The Editor.

Members who wish to make any comments on the above proposal should either write to

Judith Marshall as Chairman, Phil Bragg as Secretary, or should you wish to make your

comments public, to Paul Taylor, Newsletter Editor.

Comments to the Chairman or Secretary should reach them by January 20th at the very

latest. Comments to the Editor - see deadline at end of Newsletter.

9

P S G merchandise

At last, the ultimate present. No more hunting around for that elusive gift - yes - the PSG

are about to release a range o f stickers, pens and car window stickers - perfect for every

relative.

Prices are yet to be finalised, but hopefully all things will be available at forthcoming

shows. I f you can't get to the shows, then they will be available by mail order, details in

December Newsletter.

Who knows, in the future, i f sales go well, there may be even more things available.

Stick Insect cages

At the PSG summer meeting, members were asked i f there was any ifem that they would

like to have a talk on, or even discuss. A number of members suggested a talk on housing

stick insects. It was decided that the A G M in January would be an ideal opportunity for

members to get together, and show their ideas on different types o f housing, cage

construction, etc.,

I f you would like to bring along a cage, or take part in a demonstration, then please

contact The Secretary, Phil Bragg. I f you would like leaflets drawn up for distribution to

members on any aspects of cage construction or housing then please send details to the

Editor, Paul Taylor, by the end o f December. These leaflets can then be made available to

members at meetings, or even as articles for future Newsletters.

Intestinal infection/parasite in stick insects - Peter Vice

At the recent summer meeting, I obtained two pairs of Aretaon asperrimus and one pair o f

Parapachymorpha spinosa from one source, and nymphs of Parapachymorpha spinosa

from a different source. A couple o f days later I noticed that some of the frass in the cage

containing the P. spinosa had a small white spherical egg attached around the outside. I

segregated the sticks, and traced the contaminated droppings to the adult pair o f P.

spinosa, in particular the female which was also laying eggs. I then separated and

checked the A. asperrimus, who were by now housed in a large cage with other species.

These too were producing droppings contaminated with the same small white eggs, in

particular again, the mature female, who was also laying eggs.

I assume these eggs are produced by an intestinal parasite of some sort. They are

spherical, about 0.5mm in diameter, milky white and sticky. They are very soft and

elastic, and very easily squashed (ruptured?) and they contain a milky fluid. About 6 - 1 2

are attached to a dropping. Only some droppings have them, and so far only the mature

females are producing the contaminated droppings.

Al l o f the sticks show no outward sign o f ill-health at all, so far. I do not know i f their

egg laying rate is less than normal or not. I contacted two knowledgeable people in an

10

attempt to find out what was producing these eggs, they had not come across this before

either.

Can anyone identify this parasite? What is its life cycle and means o f spreading? How

damaging is it to it's hosts?

(Editor: Following a phone conversation to a member, I am informed that it is possibly a

fungus, not a parasite, and appears to do no harm to the sticks whatsoever. However,

further investigation is taking place)

Late hatching in Bacillus lynceorum (PSG 107) - Robert Graham

While attending the PSG summer meeting in the Natural History Museum last year, I was

lucky enough to obtain a number o f eggs of species PSG 107. I was notified that the

average hatching time for this species is between one and three months and, sure enough,

nymphs appeared in about four weeks. I had a reasonably high hatch-rate o f 70-80% and

by the end o f September 1995 had a large and healthy culture. By this time, the hatching

had slowed and it appeared that all the viable eggs had hatched. Instead o f discarding the

remaining ova I decided to keep them possibly for future reference.

In June o f this year I noticed there was movement in the container holding the Bacillus

lynceorum ova, and I was surprised to find two newly hatched nymphs. These nymphs

had hatched approximately eleven months after I had received the ova - surely a strange

occurrence for this species. Since finding these two nymphs, a further three insects have

hatched from this original batch of eggs - twelve months after receiving the ova.

I have no explanation for the delay in hatching of some of these eggs, as they have been

kept in constant conditions since July last year and it was expected they would hatch

August - October 1995. I wonder i f any other members have experienced such large time

delay in egg hatching?

Mantids

Are you interested in the studying and/or rearing of Mantids? I f so, why not join The

Mantid Study Group. Newsletters are produced every three months containing a variety

o f articles, and an emphasis on captive breeding.

For more information contact the Membership Secretary: Paul Taylor, 24 Forge Road,

Shustoke, Coleshill, Birmingham, B46 2AU, U.K.

S: 01675 481578. E-Mail: 100701.766@compuserve.com

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Bathing sticks - Chris Smart

Have you ever seen a stick insect having a bath?

I heard that some insects drink from a small dish o f water, so 1 thought I would try it with

my Lamponius guerini and surely enough, they started drinking. After a while, they

stopped drinking and started to explore, but then I noticed a male behaving very strangely.

He appeared to be rubbing his underside in the water and cleaning himself. My family and

I decided this must be the insect equivalent o f taking a bath.

Drawing by Daniel Hallet.

Wing length in Phaenopharos henvaardeni (PSG 104) - Robert Graham

In the last generation o f this species I noticed one o f my adult females had wings o f

unequal length: the wing on the right-hand side o f the insect was very much shorter than

that on the left hand (having studied other individuals of this species, I know the left wing

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is of correct length).

The length of the right sided wing was measured at 4.9mm while the left wing was a more

usual 8.5mm (fig. 1). I have included a diagram of "normal" wings (fig. 2) which are like

those found on the majority of individuals of this species. The diagrams illustrate the vast

difference between the two wing types. Despite the difference in wing size, all other

aspects of this individual were similar to those of this species, e.g. body length, fore leg

length, mid leg length, hind leg length, antennae length, etc.

This is a strange occurrence and I have found no other reference to unequal wing length in

this species. A possible explanation for the shortened wing could be genetic: it is known

that fruit flies (Drosophila sp.) obtain vestigial wings when two recessive genes for wing

length are brought together. It is therefore feasible that this occurrence also takes place in

phasmids. However, this is only a possible solution and it does not explain why only one

wing is of shorter length. I wonder if any other members have an explanation for the

occurrence of unequal wing length?

Figure 1

Abnormal wings

Figure 2

Normal wings

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Excitable Heteropteryx - Jef Grainger

I have an adult female H. dilalata which is very stubborn and sporadic in her egg laying

behaviour. However, I think I have found a foolproof way of getting her to lay: I am a

student at university, and as such I have a long car journey at the beginning and end o f

each term. O f course, my (large) stick collection gets lugged around with me. For the last

3 journeys I have noticed that within an hour, my stubborn Jungle Nymph is happily

digging away in her sand. The result o f this is always 15+ ova.

So i f anyone else has this sort o f problem, take your stick for a spin round the block, its

worth a try. I have also noticed that car journeys also encourage ecdysis.

The second observation is slightly more embarrassing in nature, but I feel it should be

made known in the name of science and all that ....! Due to being away at university, I

don't see my girlfriend much. However, when I come home, or she visits me, I am of

course pleased to see her! The relevance? Well, without fail, I wake up the next morning

to find my Heteropteryx adult pair mating. This has happened too often to be a

coincidence, and I have not observed a similar response in any o f my other species. It is

not always an even period o f time between visits, and so I don't think that this is a

coincidental occurrence. Is it possible that the insects can detect and respond to human

pheromones? I f anybody has any ideas, or has observed something similar, I would be

very interested to know. It would be nice not to be alone on this one! Please don't laugh!

Avoiding predation - have a false head! - Jef Grainger

I might be way out on this one (again!) but I have noticed that several of the species I

keep have flanged - shaped parts towards the ends o f the front pairs o f legs, and only on

this pair. This is most pronounced in Lonchodes everetti, but is also seen in Extatosoma

tiaratum to some extent, for example. I have pondered this, and have come up with a

possible explanation.

Consider the resting position of most sticks, i.e. front legs held together in a forward

direction. In this position, the flanges meet, and form a head - shaped affair. With the

spindly feet protruding at a slight angle, might these not look like antennae? I f this is so,

then the overall effect would be to divert a predator's attention away from the vital parts,

i.e. the head, towards the front of the fore - legs. This would mean that the stick would

stand a better chance of escape, with the possibility o f shedding the legs, which we all

know that sticks can survive without.

I would like to know i f these flanges are common amongst phasmids, or at least certain

sub-families. Does anybody else have another explanation9

W A N T S & S U R P L U S

Diapheromera femorata wanted - Tom Clarke

I am currently assembling a display of live Canadian insects for a nature centre in

Victoria, and am looking for specimens of Diapheromera femorata (PSG 35), the only

14

stick insect native to Canada. I am wondering i f any members can help me obtain

specimens o f Diapheromera. My mailing address is : 4025 Lochside Dr., Victoria, British

Columbia, Canada, V 8 X 5A8

Wanted - Acanthoxylal^ei^gyl^ovaJnymphs in exchange for Heteropteryx dilatata ova.

ContaclfTim Wild $ 8 01527 857290

" T - S H I R T S "

"T - Shirts with the design of Oreophoetesperuana, Areiaon asperrimus and

Heteropteryx dilatata are now available from The Editor, Paul Taylor (address at end o f

Newsletter). Sizes available are Medium {Heteropteryx only) Large and Extra Large, and

the cost, still only £5.00 plus p&p. (UK mainland £1.00 p&p; Overseas £1.50 p&p)

Cheques should be made payable to "The Phasmid Study Group" and don't forget to state

your size, name and address and which "T - shirt" Oreophoetes peruana, Aretaon

asperrimus or Heteropteryx dilatata.

N E X T N E W S L E T T E R

Please send all contributions to the Editor: -

Paul Taylor, 24 Forge Road, Shustoke, Coleshill, Birmingham, B46 2AU. England.

8 : 01675 481578. to reach me by 1st November 1996, or preferably earlier.

Contributions can be accepted in the following forms:

a. Hand-written. b. Typed c. On I B M compatible computer disk providing it is

sent on a 3.5" double or high density disk. Files can be accepted as Dos Text, Microsoft

Word for Windows, Microsoft Works or as ASCI 1 files.

E-Mail: 100701.766@compuserve.com

A l l contributions to the Newsletter will be deemed to be submitted to the French GEP Le

Monde des Phasmes, the Belgian-Dutch Phasma and the German Arthropoda for

translation.

NOTICE

It is to be directly understood that all views, opinions or theories, expressed in the pages of "The Newsletter" are

those of the author(s) concerned. Al l announcements of meetings, requests for help or information, are accepted as

bona fide. Neither the Editor, nor Officers of "The Phasmid Study Group", can be held responsible for any loss,

embarrassment or injury that might be sustained by reliance thereon.

"The Phasmid Study Group"