Facing Online Hate

1. Defining Hate

2. Why Focus on Youth?

3. Radicalization: How Attitudes Become More Extreme

4. How Youth Encounter Hate Material

Targeted Hate

Cultures of Hate

5. How Online Hate Does Harm

6. Strategies for Facing Online Hate

Defining Hate

“If tigers threaten us and hurt us, all tigers are

targets.”

Hate and the Law

Why Focus On Youth

Victims and persons accused of police-reported hate crimes, by age group, 2009

Source: Statistics Canada

“Recruit Skins or covert activists from Punk Rockers and from the group of disaffected White kids who feel “left out,” isolated, unpopular, or on the fringe or margin of things at school (outsiders, loners). There are some very effective people among such kids, and working with Nazi skinheads will give them a sense of accomplishment, attainment, success, and belonging.”

Action Plan for Aryan Skinheads

Radicalization:

an increase in and/or reinforcing of extremism in the thinking, sentiments, and/or behavior of individuals and/or groups of individuals.

David R. Mandel, Radicalization: What Does It Mean?

Radicalization:

How Attitudes Become More Extreme

ACTIVISTS

MEMBERS

SYMPATHIZERS

SYMPATHIZERS

MEMBERS

ACTIVISTS

• The Slippery Slope • The Group as Family

• Radicalization in Like-Minded Groups

• Radicalization Under Isolation and Threat

• Radicalization in Conflict With an Outgroup

Mechanisms of Radicalization

Based on Mechanisms of Political Radicalization by Clark McCauley and Sophia Moskaleno

The Slippery Slope

“There’s times I’ve said to myself, ‘Why? You’re mad in the head, like.’ But… I just can’t turn my back on it . . . there’s too many of my friends in jail, there’s too many of my mates given their lives, and I’ve walked behind – I’ve walked behind too many funerals to turn my back on it now.”

The Group as Family

Radicalization in Like-Minded Groups

Radicalization Under Isolation or Threat

Dehumanization

Radicalization in Conflict With an Outgroup

How Youth Encounter Hate Material Online

Targeted Hate

Ideologies of HateForms Techniques

Cultures of Hatred

Cultural Norms Conducive to HateHate and Cyberbullying

Ideologies of Hate

“The Other”As InferiorAs Threat

The Glorious Past

Victimhood

Divine or Natural SanctionThe Coming ConflictMartyrdom

Targeted Hate

As Inferior

“Negro culture is not merely different from White culture; it is a less advanced culture and, by practically any standard, inferior. It is a culture which never advanced to the point of a written language or a civilized society. It never saw even the barest glimmerings of mathematics or the invention of the wheel.”

“The Other”

“You cannot turn primitive, low IQ savages into First World whites. If these aboriginals had the mental wherewithal to build a great civilization, they would. But they do not because they cannot.”

As Threat

“The Other”

The Glorious Past

“… revealed in this work is the one true cause of the rise and fall of the world’s greatest empires – that all civilizations rise and fall according to their racial homogeneity and nothing else.”

The Glorious Past

“The Muslim lands, where the future Caliphate will be re-established over, covers a huge area from Spain in the west all the way to Indonesia in the East.”

“Slavery had a pernicious impact on White people in America, corrupting those classes who owned slaves and harming those Whites who did not… Its real damage has been that it placed a people in our midst who as agroup have little aptitude for our technology, no empathy with our culture, no adulation for our history and heroes, and no love for us, only resentment for perceived past wrongs.”

“I say, ‘Did you ever own a slave? Did you ever kill an Indian? So why are they trying to make you feel guilty for being White?’ Before they can answer I’d start telling them about ZOG.”

“Because Islam is a hateful and violent ideology which preaches hate and violence against ALL non-Muslims (especially Jews, as it is obsessed with us, and dehumanizes us as apes and pigs), we are against ALL mosques.”

Victimhood

The Coming Conflict

Divine or Natural Sanction

“God who made our Father –who is Adam, the perfect man – is Father to all of the White Northern European Men.We are descended from God and not from the Devil, as are all other men in the world.”

Martyrdom

Divine or Natural Sanction

Websites

Forms

“We don’t really need the media anymore… the only thing we need is the Internet.”Thomas Robb, National Director of the Ku Klux Klan

Videos and Music

Forms

Games

Forms

Social Media

Forms

Cloaked Sites

www.thenationalpolicyinstitute.org

Forms

Accidental Contact

Forms

Misinformation

Techniques

“It is often very difficult to approach the subject of white pride or racial integrity. “What is your reason for home schooling?” they may ask. Of course, you know that it is because you are sick and tired of your kids being told to honor Martin Luther King, Jr. or to glorify homosexuals and their lifestyle. You don’t like your children’s school – day in and day out anti-white propaganda.”

Misinformation: Mainstreaming

Techniques

Misinformation: Denialism

Techniques

Misinformation: Denialism

Techniques

Misinformation: Pseudo-Science

Techniques

Group Solidarity

Techniques

Group Solidarity: Nationalism

Techniques

Group Solidarity: Religion

Techniques

Group Solidarity: Hero Narrative

Techniques

Scare Tactics

Techniques

Othering

Techniques

Cultures of Hatred

Proud_2B_Muslim GayPride90

Who would be proud to be Muslim?

Who is this faggot?

He’s trying to die to get his 72 virgins.

I’m trying to kill the Muslim.

Yay. The Muslim’s dead.

Quit gaying up our game.

I ain’t playing with a fag. Fags ruined this country.

Run, gayboy, run!

Cultures of Hatred

Cultures of Hatred

Where did all the doggies and kitty cats go

Since the gold farmers started to show

Don’t want to know what’s in that egg roll

Not supposed to be here anyway

I don’t know any other way to convey

How much we wish you’d all just go away

Cultures of Hatred

Cultures of Hatred

Harm

Hostile Environments

Hi. I was on my character 'LartinMuther' I know, cheesy parody, hosting a guild in honor of MLK day and non-discrimination. Two people, 'Knox' and 'Larigodan', entered my phase AND whispered me, spamming "WHITE POWER" and "N-----" (racial slur I refuse to repeat).

Harassment

Harm

Impact of Hate Speech and Hate Crimes

HarmHarm

Recruitment

Harm

Incitement

Harm

Misinformation

“A much more likely, and more pernicious risk to young people from hate speech online than either mobilizing or recruiting them into extremist white supremacist groups, is… its ability to change how we know what we say we know about issues that have been politically hard won.”

Jesse Daniels, Race, Civil Rights and Hate Speech in the Digital Era

Harm

Normalization of Hate Speech

Harm

Strategies

Teaching Empathy

Strategies

Social Norming

Municipalities with dedicated hate crime units:

CalgaryEdmontonHamiltonOrilliaOttawaTorontoVancouverWinnipeg

Provincial hate crimes units:

Ontario Hate Crime Extremism Investigative Team

Joint forces initiatives:

B.C. Hate Crime Team

Strategies

Fighting Hate: Legal Approaches

Strategies

Fighting Hate: Intervention

Strategies

Fighting Hate: Reporting Hate

Strategies

Fighting Hate: Who is Fighting Hate Online?

Strategies

Open Communication

Dealing with hate in the classroom

Be prepared

Address it first

Don’t let hate speech go unchallenged

Model questioning sources

Take the time to address it fully

Create a classroom environment where diversity is respected

Strategies

Open Communication

“We would be naïve if we did not recognize that language can… be used as a potent weapon. As teachers, one way we can blunt such language is to demystify it and to examine it rationally.”Leila Christenbury, Making The Journey

Strategies

Teaching Historical Context

Strategies

Media Education

“The Panel recommends that schools across Canada develop and implement media intervention programs to help youth develop the critical thinking skills to be able to identify, reject and report hate media on the Internet.”Report of the Inquiry Panel of the Canadian Parliamentary Committee to Combat Antisemitism

“Fostering media literacy and critical thinking is the most important instrument to tackle hate mongers and the spread of discriminatory content on the Internet.”International Network Against CyberHate Report 2010

Strategies

Media Education

Key Concept: Media Are Constructions

Strategies

Media Education

Key Concept: Media Contain Ideological Messages

It’s a fun game.

The game is fun. Just like Grand Theft Auto, GTA2 and GTA3.

I think we are all forgeting that it is JUST A GAME!

Comments on “The Suicide Bomber Game” on the Newgrounds Bulletin Board

Strategies

Media Education

Key Concept: Audiences Negotiate Meaning

“Without an understanding of cultural history, in which power has been slanted in the direction of straight, White males, the concept seems just.”Randy Blazak, White Boys to Terrorist Men: Target Recruitment of Nazi Skinheads

Strategies

Critical Thinking

Verifying Sources

Strategies

Critical Thinking

Recognizing Bias and Manipulation

Strategies

Critical Thinking

Authenticating Facts

This workshop was made possible with financial support from the Government

of Canada through Justice Canada’s Justice Partnership and Innovation

Program.

For more information, contact:

MediaSmartswww.mediasmarts.ca

1-800-896-3342info@mediasmarts.ca

This workshop has been produced by