THAT’S THE WAY THE COOKIE CRUMBLES

Morganne Taylor, Mackenzie Crowe, Brittany Lane

WHY COOKIES?

• WE LOVE COOKIES!!!!!!

• Who doesn’t love a warm, gooey, freshly homemade chocolate chip cookie?

• Quick sugar fix

• Warm memories

• Family

FUN FACT TIME!!!!!!

• Chocolate chip cookies are among only four foods acceptable to even the pickiest of eaters. The other three are fried chicken, French fries and macaroni and cheese.

• The best-selling brand of chocolate chips is called Nestle Toll House after the Toll House restaurant where it was invented.

• The world’s largest chocolate chip cookie weighed 38,000 pounds, was 102 feet in diameter and contained 30,000 eggs.

OUR DEFINITION:

• The best cookie is, semi-sweet, chewy inside, crunch on the outside, with a golden brown color that is homemade.

Homemade cookies are the best cookies.

LIKERT SCALE

• Q: What does a likert scale measure?

• A: Likert type, or frequency scales, use fixed choice responses to measure attitudes or opinions. Uses questions.

• Individuals express how much they agree or disagree

• Mode: the number that appears most often.

• Most suitable for easy interpretation

LIKERT SCALE

• LIKERT : measuring attitudes by asking people to respond to a series of statements about a topic, in terms of the extent to which they agree with them, and so tapping into the cognitive and affective components of attitudes (Mcleod).

• Not expect to answer yes or no

• GOOD QUESTIONS!!!!!

LIKERT SCALECookie A Cookie B

Color:

Color:

Was the cookie: Sweet Semi-sweet Not

sweet

Was the cookie: Sweet Semi-sweet Not

sweet

The cookie was chewy: Strongly agree Neither agree or disagree Strongly disagree

The cookie was chewy: Strongly agree Neither agree or disagree Strongly disagree

Appearance:

Not good Alright Good

Appearance: Not good Alright

Good

Overall Impression: Dissatisfied Neither satisfied or

dissatisfied Satisfied

Overall Impression: Dissatisfied Neither satisfied or

dissatisfied Satisfied

INQUIRY ROUND 1:

Question:

What preparation method makes the “best” chocolate chip cookie, homemade or pre-packaged?

INGREDIENTS/MATERIALS

Materials

• Measuring cup, teaspoon, ¾ cup, ¼ cup, small bowl, large mixing bowl with automatic mixer, spatula, mixing spoon, oven mitts, oven, baking sheet, Nestle Toll House prepackaged cookie dough, and container.

Ingredients

• 2 1/4 cups all-purpose flour, 1 teaspoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon salt, 1 cup (2 sticks) butter, 3/4 cup granulated sugar, 3/4 cup packed brown sugar, 1 teaspoon vanilla extract, 2 large eggs, 2 cups (12-oz. pkg.) NESTLÉ TOLL HOUSE Semi-Sweet Chocolate Morsels

PROCEDURE1. Make homemade cookies

2. Make pre-packaged cookies

3. Create Likert scale.

4. Give ten people one homemade cookie

5. Give the same ten people one prepackaged cookie.

6. Have the same ten people fill out the Likert scale we created depending on color, sweetness,

chewiness, appearance, and overall impression.

7. Collect data from the ten people.

8. Tally the scores.

HOW TO MAKE THE HOMEMADE COOKIES

• Preheat oven to 375° F.

• Combine 2 ¼ cups flour, ¾ tsp. baking soda and 1 tsp. salt in small bowl.

• Beat 2 sticks of butter, ¾ cup granulated sugar, ¾ cup brown sugar and 1 tsp. vanilla extract in large automatic mixing bowl until creamy.

• Add 2 large eggs, one at a time, beating well after each addition.

• Gradually beat in flour mixture.

• Stir in 1 bag semi-sweet morsels.

• Drop by rounded tablespoon onto ungreased baking sheets. 

• Bake for 9 to 11 minutes or until golden brown.

• Remove from oven using the oven mitts.

• Cool on baking sheet for 2 minutes.

• Remove with spatula and put in container.

HOW TO MAKE THE PREPACKAGED COOKIES

• Preheat oven to 350° F.

• Break along pre-scored lines.

• Place 12 cookies 2” apart on ungreased baking sheet.

• Bake 11-12 minutes, or until golden brown.

• Cool on baking sheet for 2 minutes.

• Remove with spatula and put in container.

CLAIM

The ideal preparation method for the best chocolate chip cookies is to make them from scratch.

WHY ARE HOMEMADE COOKIES BETTER?

• Fresh ingredients

• Comfort

• Pleasure

• No preservatives

HOW WE TESTED IT…

• We gave 10 classmates, 2 cookies.

• Cookie A, Cookie B

• Cookie A was prepackaged

• Cookie B homemade

• Each classmate gets a likert scale (previously shown)

HOW WE TESTED IT…

• Using the likert scale, classmates were to rate the cookies based on:

• Color

• Sweetness

• Chewiness

• Appearance

• Overall Impression

Definition of Best Cookie Color: Was the cookie:

Semi-sweet The cookie was chewy:

Strongly agree Appearance:

Good Overall Impression:

Satisfied

WHAT WE FOUND OUT…

• Cookie A Cookie B

• Claim was NOT supported.

WHY DIDN’T THIS WORK?

• Based off of our likert scale results

Cookie A (Prepackaged) Cookie B (Homemade) Color:

2 people 4 people 4 people

Color:

8 people 1 person 1 person Sweetness: Sweet Semi-sweet Not sweet

5 people 5 people None

Sweetness: Sweet Semi-sweet Not sweet

2 people 7 people 1 person Chewiness: Strongly agree Neither Strongly disagree 6 people 3 people 1 person

Chewiness: Strongly agree Neither Strongly disagree 4 people 5 people 1 person

Appearance: Not good Alright Good

None 6 people 4 people

Appearance: Not good Alright Good

3 people 4 people 3 people Overall Impression:

Dissatisfied Neither Satisfied None 3 people 7 people

Overall Impression: Dissatisfied Neither Satisfied

1 person 5 people 4 people

PRESERVATIVES• Sulfites: inorganic salts that have antioxidant and preservative properties

• Sulfites have been used as a food additive since 1664 and have been approved for use in the United States for more than a century

• Inhibit browning and discoloration in foods and beverages during preparation, storage, and distribution.

• Wine

SULFITES

• Use increased dramatically in the 70s and 80s

• Sulfites use in fresh fruits and vegetables was banned in August 1986.

• Used in medications for asthma and allergic reactions

SULFITE SENSITIVITY

• Have asthma?

• STAY AWAY FROM SULFITES!!

• Sulfites have been proven to cause asthma symptoms

• Mild wheezing-potential life threatening asthmatic reaction

• If you are not asthmatic, sulfite sensitivity would be unusual.

• Most reactions occur due to via inhalation of sulfur dioxide generated from sulfite containing food or beverage items during the process of eating.

SULFITES

• Sulfite containing ingredients to look for on food labels include:

• Sulfur dioxide

• Potassium bisulfite

• Potassium metabisulfite

• Sodium bisulfite

• Sodium metabisulfite

• Sodium sulfite

INQUIRY ROUND 2:

Question:

If we hand out two homemade chocolate chip cookies, but say one is pre-made Kroger brand, which one will be rated better on the likert scale?

INGREDIENTS/MATERIALS

Ingredients

• 4 ½ cups all-purpose flour, 2 teaspoons baking soda, 2 teaspoons salt, 2 cup (4 sticks) butter, 1 ½ cup granulated sugar, 1 ½ cup packed brown sugar, 2 teaspoons vanilla extract, 4 large eggs, 4 cups (2 pkgs.) NESTLÉ TOLL HOUSE Semi-Sweet Chocolate Morsels

Materials

• Measuring cup, teaspoon, ½ cup, small bowl, large mixing bowl with automatic mixer, spatula, mixing spoon, oven mitts, oven, baking sheet, and container.

PROCEDURE

• Make two batches of homemade cookies

• “Buy Kroger Brand cookies.” (In reality we just made a double batch of the homemade recipe)

• Give ten people one homemade cookie.

• Give the same ten people one “Kroger brand cookie” (In reality we gave them each one homemade cookie).

• Tell the ten people that the homemade cookie is an award winning recipe.

• Tell the same ten people that the other cookie is a “Kroger brand cookie” and isn’t as good as the first.

• Have the same ten people fill out the Likert scale we created depending on color, sweetness, chewiness, appearance, and overall impression.

• Collect the data from the ten people.

• Tally the scores.

HOW TO MAKE THE HOMEMADE COOKIES

• Preheat oven to 375° F.

• Combine 4 ½ cups flour, 1 ½ tsps. baking soda and 2 tsp. salt in small bowl.

• Beat 4 sticks of butter, 1 ½ cup granulated sugar, 1 ½ cup brown sugar and 2 tsps. vanilla extract in large mixer bowl until creamy.

• Add 4 large eggs, one at a time, beating well after each addition.

• Gradually beat in flour mixture.

• Stir in 2 bags semi-sweet morsels.

• Drop by rounded tablespoon onto ungreased baking sheets. 

• Bake for 9 to 11 minutes or until golden brown.

• Cool on baking sheet for 2 minutes.

• Remove with spatula and put in container.

CLAIM:

• The homemade cookies will be rated better than the pre-made Kroger cookies.

HOW WE TESTED IT…

• We gave the same 10 classmates 2 homemade cookies

• Cookie A (Homemade)

• Cookie B (Homemade)

•Gotcha!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

WHAT WE FOUND OUT…

• Claim was supported!

COOKIE A AND COOKIE B

EVIDENCECookie A (Grandmas Award

Winning Homemade) Cookie B (“Kroger Brand”)

(Same as Cookie A) Color:

7 people 2 people 1 person

Color:

7 people 2 people 1 person Sweetness: Sweet Semi-sweet Not sweet

3 people 7 people None

Sweetness: Sweet Semi-sweet Not sweet

3 people 5 people 2 people Chewiness: Strongly agree Neither Strongly disagree 6 people 4 people None

Chewiness: Strongly agree Neither Strongly disagree 6 people 4 people None

Appearance: Not good Alright Good

None 2 people 8 people

Appearance: Not good Alright Good

None 4 people 6 people Overall Impression:

Dissatisfied Neither Satisfied None None 10 people

Overall Impression: Dissatisfied Neither Satisfied

None 3 people 7 people

POWER OF SUGGESTION:

• By telling the class that one of the cookies were store bought and the other homemade, we expected the response to be that the homemade cookies were still better, even though they were both the same.

• With us using the power of suggestion that the homemade cookies would be better, the class was persuaded to think the same.

• Our likert scale results showed this exactly.

THE POWER OF SUGGESTION DEFINED

• The power of suggestion describes how people use their imaginations to make realities out of the ideas that are presented to them, which can help people change their behavior.

IMAGINATION

• Imagine a nice, crisp chocolate chip cookie. Think about how sweet it would taste, the buttery texture falling apart in your mouth, and the bursts of chocolate chips explode in your palate.

PLACEBO EFFECT

• The placebo effect is commonly known in the medical world as a beneficial effect, produced by a placebo drug or treatment, that cannot be attributed to the properties of the placebo itself, and must therefore be due to the patient's belief in that treatment.

• A fake treatment that in some cases can produce a very real response.

INQUIRY ROUND 3:

Question:

If the ingredients are changed in the preparation method, what effect will it have on the rating of the cookies?

INGREDIENTS

Ingredients for homemade:

• 2 1/4 cups all-purpose flour, 1 teaspoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon salt, 1 cup (2 sticks) butter, 3/4 cup granulated sugar, 3/4 cup packed brown sugar, 1 teaspoon vanilla extract, 2 large eggs, 2 cups (12-oz. pkg.) NESTLÉ TOLL HOUSE Semi-Sweet Chocolate Morsels

Ingredients for Gluten Free:

• 1/4 cup butter, softened ,1 1/4 cups packed brown sugar ,1/4 cup white sugar ,1 teaspoon gluten-free vanilla extract ,1/4 cup egg substitute ,2 1/4 cups gluten-free baking mix , 1 teaspoon baking soda ,1 teaspoon baking powder 1 teaspoon salt 12 ounces semisweet chocolate chips

MATERIALS

Materials for Homemade:

• Measuring cup, teaspoon, ¾ cup, ¼ cup, small bowl, large mixing bowl with automatic mixer, spatula, mixing spoon, oven mitts, oven, baking sheet, and container.

Materials for Gluten Free:

• Measuring cups, teaspoon, ¼ cup, ¾ cup, medium mixing bowl, automatic mixer, spatula, mixing spoon, oven mitts, oven, baking sheet, and container.

HOW TO MAKE THE HOMEMADE COOKIES

• Preheat oven to 375° F.

• Combine 2 ¼ cups flour, ¾ tsp. baking soda and 1 tsp. salt in small bowl.

• Beat 2 sticks of butter, ¾ cup granulated sugar, ¾ cup brown sugar and 1 tsp. vanilla extract in large automatic mixing bowl until creamy.

• Add 2 large eggs, one at a time, beating well after each addition.

• Gradually beat in flour mixture.

• Stir in 1 bag semi-sweet morsels.

• Drop by rounded tablespoon onto ungreased baking sheets. 

• Bake for 9 to 11 minutes or until golden brown.

• Remove from oven using the oven mitts.

• Cool on baking sheet for 2 minutes.

• Remove with spatula and put in container.

HOW TO MAKE THE GLUTEN FREE COOKIES

• Preheat oven to 375 degrees F.

• Prepare a greased baking sheet.

• In a medium bowl, cream ¾ cup butter and ¼ cup white sugar and 1 and ¼ cup brown sugar.

• Gradually add ¼ cup replacer eggs and 1 tsp. vanilla while mixing.

• Sift together 2 and ¼ cup gluten- free baking mix, 1 tsp. baking soda, 1 tsp. baking powder, and 1 tsp. salt.

• Stir into the butter mixture until blended.

• Finally, stir in 12 oz. bag of semisweet chocolate chips.

• Using a teaspoon, drop cookies 2 inches apart on prepared baking sheet.

• Bake in preheated oven for 6 to 8 minutes or until light brown.

• Let cookies cool on baking sheet for 2 minutes before removing.

• Remove with spatula and place in container.

PROCEDURE

1. Make homemade cookies.

2. Make Gluten Free cookies.

3. Create Likert scale.

4. Give ten people one homemade cookie.

5. Give the same ten people one prepackaged cookie.

6. Have the same ten people fill out the Likert scale we created depending on color, sweetness,

chewiness, appearance, and overall impression.

7. Collect data from the ten people.

8. Tally the scores.

CLAIM

• The original recipe for the homemade cookie will be rated better.

HOW WE TESTED IT…

• Gave 10 people 2 cookies each

• 1 Homemade Cookie

• 1 Gluten Free Cookie

• Each participant filled out the Likert Scale

WHAT WE FOUND OUT…

• The Homemade cookies won

• No one liked the Gluten free cookies

Gluten Free Chocolate Chip Homemade Chocolate Chip

EVIDENCE

Cookie A (Homemade) Cookie B (Gluten Free) Color:

7 people 3 people None

Color:

None 4 people 6 people Sweetness: Sweet Semi-sweet Not sweet

5 people 5 people None

Sweetness: Sweet Semi-sweet Not sweet

None 2 people 8 people Chewiness: Strongly agree Neither Strongly disagree 7 people 3 people None

Chewiness: Strongly agree Neither Strongly disagree None None 10 people

Appearance: Not good Alright Good

None 3 people 7 people

Appearance: Not good Alright Good

10 people None None Overall Impression:

Dissatisfied Neither Satisfied None None 10 people

Overall Impression: Dissatisfied Neither Satisfied

10 people None None

SCIENCE OF HOMEMADE CHOCOLATE CHIP COOKIE

All purpose flour • Gluten (protein)

• Elasticity (traps co2 bubbles)

• Structure

• Reason why homemade cookies had a better overall appearance

Leavening agents

• Baking Soda

• Releases CO2

• Reacts with acids (chocolate)

• Reason why homemade cookies were risen and not flat

SCIENCE CONT’D

Eggs

• Bind all ingredients together (structure)

• Color

• Flavor

• Protein

• Incorporates air into the batter

• Reason why homemade cookies are moist and golden brown color

Butter

• Bubbles of CO2 turn into fat

• Reason why homemade cookies were fluffy

SCIENCE CONT’D

• Chocolate Chips

Sweetener

Reason why the cookies have their chocolaty sweet taste

WHAT GLUTEN DOESN’T HAVE

NO GLUTEN!!!!!

NO elasticity NO structure

Reason why they broke so easy

Reduced Butter

Gluten free flour has more starch and less protein

Couldn’t handle a lot of fat..fat is compatible with

protein

More butter w/ gluten free flour =greasy cookie

Less butter w/ gluten free flour=hard cookie

Reason why they were hard

Egg Substitute

Force out moisture when heated

Reason why cookies had no moisture and taste dry and

chalky

THANK YOU!!!

AND THAT’S THE WAY THE COOKIE CRUMBLES

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwfJz0IBX60

BIBLIOGRAPHY• Bertone, Rachel. "Neiman Marcus Chocolate Chip Cookies | Farm Flavor."Neiman Marcus Chocolate Chip Cookies | Farm Flavor.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY CONTINUED

• Garry, M. (2012, June 6). The Power of Suggestion: What We Expect Influences Our Behavior, for Better or Worse. Retrieved December 9, 2014, from http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/news/releases/the-power-of-suggestion-what-we-expect-influences-our-behavior-for-better-or-worse.html

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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