The 1920’sThe 1920’sChapter 5 Chapter 5

Lesson 19Lesson 19

TCAP CoachTCAP Coach

The 1920’s The 1920’s

Quality of life in the US improved Quality of life in the US improved following WWI. Factories increased following WWI. Factories increased production to satisfy a growing production to satisfy a growing demand for goods. Many Americans demand for goods. Many Americans worked in factories. Their wages worked in factories. Their wages gave them buying power. The gave them buying power. The American economy was booming. American economy was booming. The period was called the The period was called the Roaring Roaring Twenties.Twenties.

Improved Standard of LivingImproved Standard of Living

The US became the richest country in The US became the richest country in the world. the world.

Serviceman returning from WWI went Serviceman returning from WWI went back to work, and the economy grew.back to work, and the economy grew.

Factories turned from making Factories turned from making materials for war to making materials for war to making consumer goodsconsumer goods such as cars, such as cars, radios, and cosmetics.radios, and cosmetics.

Improved Standard of LivingImproved Standard of Living

Soon more and more products were made Soon more and more products were made by means of by means of mass productionmass production..

In mass production, all products of a In mass production, all products of a certain type are exactly the same.certain type are exactly the same.

This is done by using parts that are exactly This is done by using parts that are exactly the same and putting the parts together in the same and putting the parts together in the same order for every item.the same order for every item.

Mass production makes it easier to control Mass production makes it easier to control quality. This is called quality. This is called standardization.standardization.

Improved Standard of LivingImproved Standard of Living Mass production allowed many more products Mass production allowed many more products

to be made at one time.to be made at one time. This decreased the price of many products This decreased the price of many products

people needed, such as clothing and shoes.people needed, such as clothing and shoes. Working people could now afford items such as Working people could now afford items such as

cars and household appliances such as washing cars and household appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators, and vacuum cleaners.machines, refrigerators, and vacuum cleaners.

These goods had once been luxuries that only These goods had once been luxuries that only the rich could afford. the rich could afford.

As people bought an increasing amount of As people bought an increasing amount of goods, business profits soared, and so did goods, business profits soared, and so did workers’ wages.workers’ wages.

Buying on CreditBuying on Credit

CreditCredit and and installment plansinstallment plans enabled people to buy expensive enabled people to buy expensive goods even if they could not afford goods even if they could not afford them.them.

Credit allows people to borrow Credit allows people to borrow money and then pay it back in money and then pay it back in monthly payments.monthly payments.

Buying on CreditBuying on Credit

Stores started offering customers the Stores started offering customers the chance to buy goods on chance to buy goods on installment installment plans.plans.

Under such plans, a buyer could purchase Under such plans, a buyer could purchase a product by paying only part of the cost, a product by paying only part of the cost, called a down payment.called a down payment.

The buyer would then take the product The buyer would then take the product home and make monthly payments, or home and make monthly payments, or installments, until the price of the product installments, until the price of the product was paid in full.was paid in full.

Buying on CreditBuying on Credit

Credit and installment plans included Credit and installment plans included a finance charge, also called a finance charge, also called interestinterest, in addition to the purchase , in addition to the purchase price.price.

A A finance chargefinance charge is a percentage of is a percentage of the total cost of a product.the total cost of a product.

Automobiles and AirplanesAutomobiles and Airplanes

By 1927, the By 1927, the Ford Motor CompanyFord Motor Company had sold more than 15 million Model T had sold more than 15 million Model T cars.cars.

Gas stations, tire shops, repair shops, Gas stations, tire shops, repair shops, and motels seemed to appear and motels seemed to appear everywhere.everywhere.

People’s lives changed, too.People’s lives changed, too. Suddenly, people could travel almost Suddenly, people could travel almost

anywhere, quickly and easily.anywhere, quickly and easily.

Automobiles and AirplanesAutomobiles and Airplanes

Commercial aviation began around Commercial aviation began around 19131913.. Airmail delivery in the US began in Airmail delivery in the US began in 19181918.. People paid to travel in the same planes People paid to travel in the same planes

with the mail.with the mail. After World War I, factories mass produced After World War I, factories mass produced

airplanes.airplanes. Many companies offered plane flights all Many companies offered plane flights all

over the US.over the US. However, airplane travel did not become However, airplane travel did not become

widespread until the widespread until the 1950’s.1950’s.

ProhibitionProhibition In 1919, the In 1919, the 1818thth Amendment was added Amendment was added

to the Constitution. This amendment to the Constitution. This amendment started started Prohibition.Prohibition.

The amendment made it illegal to make, The amendment made it illegal to make, sell, and transport alcoholic beverages.sell, and transport alcoholic beverages.

The law did not make drinking alcohol a The law did not make drinking alcohol a crime, but there was no alcohol to drink, at crime, but there was no alcohol to drink, at least legallyleast legally

The truth, however, was that alcohol was The truth, however, was that alcohol was almost as easy to get as before almost as easy to get as before Prohibition, but now many the criminals Prohibition, but now many the criminals sold it.sold it.

ProhibitionProhibition

In 1933, the In 1933, the 21st21st Amendment to the Amendment to the Constitution repealed, or did away Constitution repealed, or did away with, the Eighteenth Amendment.with, the Eighteenth Amendment.

Once again it was legal to make, sell, Once again it was legal to make, sell, and transport alcohol.and transport alcohol.

Women’s SuffrageWomen’s Suffrage Many advances in technology and culture Many advances in technology and culture

occurred during the early 1900’s.occurred during the early 1900’s. Despite this progress, one large group of Despite this progress, one large group of

people was left out of a very important aspect people was left out of a very important aspect of public life.of public life.

Federal law still did not allow Federal law still did not allow womenwomen to vote. to vote. In the 1800’s, leaders such as In the 1800’s, leaders such as Lucretia Lucretia

Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucy Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucy Stone, Stone, andand Susan B. Anthony Susan B. Anthony founded founded organizations to demand organizations to demand suffragesuffrage, or voting , or voting rights, for women.rights, for women.

Women’s SuffrageWomen’s Suffrage

In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, Carrie Chapman CattCarrie Chapman Catt,, and and Maud Maud Wood ParkWood Park inspired middle-class inspired middle-class women to set up local suffrage women to set up local suffrage groups and to lobby lawmakers in groups and to lobby lawmakers in Washington, DC.Washington, DC.

Other leaders, including Other leaders, including Harriet E. Harriet E. Stanton BlanchStanton Blanch, organized , organized marches, pickets, and other protests.marches, pickets, and other protests.

Women’s SuffrageWomen’s Suffrage

Protests often landed the suffrage Protests often landed the suffrage leaders in jailleaders in jail

In jail, many of them went on hunger In jail, many of them went on hunger strikes.strikes.

From 1878 to 1919, every session of From 1878 to 1919, every session of Congress proposed a women’s Congress proposed a women’s suffrage amendment to the suffrage amendment to the Constitution.Constitution.

Women’s SuffrageWomen’s Suffrage

Finally, in 1919, the amendment Finally, in 1919, the amendment passed Congress.passed Congress.

In 1920, the states ratified the In 1920, the states ratified the 19th19th Amendment, and women’s suffrage Amendment, and women’s suffrage became the law of the land.became the law of the land.

The amendment says, simply,”The The amendment says, simply,”The right of citizens of the US to vote right of citizens of the US to vote shall not be denied or abridged by shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any State on account of the US or by any State on account of sex.”sex.”

Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance

By the 1920’s, a number of African By the 1920’s, a number of African Americans were prospering for the first Americans were prospering for the first time.time.

Some people whose parents or Some people whose parents or grandparents had lived through slavery grandparents had lived through slavery were now educated and held good jobs.were now educated and held good jobs.

In the New York City neighborhood In the New York City neighborhood called called HarlemHarlem, African American , African American culture blossomed between 1920 and culture blossomed between 1920 and 1930.1930.

Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance

The The Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance, as it was , as it was called, was an exciting time for called, was an exciting time for African American musicians, dancers, African American musicians, dancers, politicians, writers, and artists.politicians, writers, and artists.

People across the country and People across the country and around the world and began to around the world and began to recognize the accomplishments of recognize the accomplishments of the creative community that arose in the creative community that arose in Harlem.Harlem.

Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance

The poet The poet Langston HughesLangston Hughes was one of was one of the best known Harlem Renaissance the best known Harlem Renaissance writers.writers.

His poems portrayed African Americans in His poems portrayed African Americans in a proud and hopeful light.a proud and hopeful light.

Zora Neale Hurston’sZora Neale Hurston’s novels described novels described southern African American folk customs.southern African American folk customs.

Duke Ellington Duke Ellington and and Louis ArmstrongLouis Armstrong became two of the country’s top jazz became two of the country’s top jazz musicians.musicians.

1. Which of the following did 1. Which of the following did not help make more useful not help make more useful and better quality products and better quality products available?available?

A. mass productionA. mass productionB. standardizationB. standardizationC. ProhibitionC. ProhibitionD. credit and installment D. credit and installment paymentspayments

C. ProhibitionC. Prohibition

2. The Harlem Renaissance 2. The Harlem Renaissance had an impact in the United had an impact in the United

States onStates onA.A. poetry, jazz music, and dancepoetry, jazz music, and dance

B.B. Classical music, television, and Classical music, television, and radioradio

C.C. Mass production and women’s Mass production and women’s suffragesuffrage

D.D. The Nineteenth AmendmentThe Nineteenth Amendment

A. poetry, jazz music, A. poetry, jazz music, and danceand dance

3. The Twenty- first 3. The Twenty- first AmendmentAmendment

A.A. Gave women the right to voteGave women the right to vote

B.B. Repealed ProhibitionRepealed Prohibition

C.C. Made it illegal to sell, make, and Made it illegal to sell, make, and transport alcoholic beveragestransport alcoholic beverages

D.D. Allowed people to buy on credit or Allowed people to buy on credit or with installment planswith installment plans

B. Repealed B. Repealed ProhibitonProhibiton