the 5.56 x 45mm - 2002 - 2003 - a chronology of development (part 14) - by daniel watters

8/13/2019 The 5.56 x 45mm - 2002 - 2003 - A Chronology of Development (Part 14) - By Daniel Watters

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The Gunperson's Authoritative Internet Information Resource.

Part Fourteen...

The 5.56 X 45mm: 2002-2003

A Chronology of Development by Daniel Watters

2002...

The ATK OICW is designated the XM29.

Inspired by their SA80A2 refurbishment program, HK begins adetailed assessment of M16/M4 Carbine technical deficiencies.USSOCOM provides HK ten M4A1 carbines on loan as GovernmentFurnished Equipment (GFE).

The USAF awards a contract to Aimpoint for more than 20,000CompM2 sights.

Certain USSOCOM units and individual operators begin localmodifications of the 4x Day Optical Scope (ACOG) and selectedsniper scopes to utilize commercially available Miniature Red Dot(MRD) sights.

The British MOD purchases 149 FN Minimi Para (L110A1) for issue totroops in Afghanistan. This number is later increased to 300. LSWComparative Trials are restarted. The competitors include theL86A2, FN Minimi, HK MG43, IMI Negev, and Vektor Mini-SS.

The Norwegian military awards a $3 million contract to Diemaco forunspecified small arms.

The Danish Navy awards a $3 million contract to Diemaco forunspecified small arms.

SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd resumes Steyr AUG production when theMalaysian government orders an additional 24,000 rifles worthRM84.5 million.

Winchester introduces the .223 Winchester Super Short Magnum(WSSM). It is essentially a shortened and necked-down version ofthe Winchester Short Magnum (WSM) case.

HK introduces a variant of their 40mm AG36 underbarrel grenadelauncher for the L85-series. Once adopted, it is known as the L17A2

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Flchette / SPIW

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T G Z B l o g

Daniel Watters' suggested
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in British service. (The L17A1 is used on the SAS' Diemaco C8-SFW,or L119A1.)

HK begins development of a 4.6x30mm pistol.

Early: The 5th Special Forces Group receives official approval for aProof of Concept program to develop an Enhanced Rifle Cartridge(ERC). The ERC is intended to outperform existing 5.45x39mm,5.56x45mm, 5.8x42mm, and 7.62x39mm cartridges. The project isled by MSG Steve Holland.

January: TACOM awards a $60,385 delivery order to FNMI forM16A4.

TACOM awards Colt $1,551,960 for 3,240 M4A1 ReliabilityEnhancement Kits. These kits are to improve the performance of the3,240 M4A1 with heavy barrels previously purchased for USSOCOM.

TACOM also awards Colt a $157,950 contract option for 243 M4.

NSWC-Crane awards a $47,121 delivery order to FNMI for Mk 46Mod 0.

WSESRB extends approval for outdoors training use of 5.56mmfrangible ammunition.

The Deputy for Systems Management and Horizontal Technology,OASA(ALT) directs that the OICW and the OCSW have the samecaliber and possibly be capable of firing the same ammunition. Inresponse to the Deputy's request, the OCSW Program Officecontracts with Altarum, formerly Vector Research Incorporation, toconduct a comparison study.

The SOPMOD PMO is notified of an unrequested Congressional "Plus-Up" of $1.46 million for Miniature Day/Night Sight development.

TACOM awards a five-year contract to Aimpoint. The first deliveryorder worth $213,151.66 is for 603 M68 and related accessories.

MARCORSYSCOM's Infantry Weapons Product Group issues a RFI forflash hiders for weapons of .50 caliber and less. These devicesshould be compatible with current weapon systems, in particular the

M16A2, M249, M240G, and M2. The flash hider should significantlyreduce the current flash signature, making the discharge of theweapon as close to invisible as possible to both the naked eye andthird generation night vision devices.

David Armstrong, on behalf of the US Navy, files a patentapplication for an adjustable sloping cheekweld buttstock that

possesses storage chambers on either side of the stock. (Thisbecomes the SCB issued in the SOPMOD kit.)

syllabusThe Black Rifleby R. Blake

Stevens and Edward C. Ezell.

Second Edition.Collector Grade

Publications,Toronto, Ontario,

1992.

The Great Rifle Controversyby

Edward C. Ezell. Stackpole BooksHarrisburg, PA, 1984.

The M16 Controversiesby

Thomas L. McNaugher. Praeger

Publishers, New York, NY, 1984.

The History and Development of

the M16 Rifle and its Cartridge

by David R. Hughes. Armory

Publications, Oceanside, CA,

1990.

The SPIW: The Deadliest

Weapon that Never Wasby R.

Blake Stevens and Edward C.

Ezell.Collector Grade

Publications,Toronto, Ontario,

1985.

Black Rifle II: The M16 into the

21st Centuryby Christopher R.

Bartocci.Collector Grade

Publications,Cobourg, Ontario,

2004.

The Last Enfield - SA80: The

Reluctant Rifleby Steve Raw.

Collector Grade Publications,

Cobourg, Ontario, 2003.

More by Daniel...Other of Watters' learned works-in

progress for TGZincludeA Brief

History of Flchette and Project

SPIW,as well as.30 Carbine

WildcatsandMiniguns and the

Movies.

Valued E-mail UtilityAll E-mail to TGZis screened by

MailWasher Profor spam and

viruses. For a free trial download,

clickhere.Stop unwanted E-mail

before it reaches your machine.

Strongest recommendation.

Document HistoryPublication: 12/10/1998Last Revised: 05/17/2009
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C-More's Ira M. Kay receivesUS Patent #D452,722 titled"Underbarrel shotgun."

HK's Helmut Weldle and Gerd Spinner file an US patent applicationfor the retractable buttstock design of the MP7 PDW.

February: TACOM awards a $99,884 delivery order to FNMI forM16A4.

TACOM awards FNMI a $83,303 contract for M249 production.

TACOM deallocates $423,938 in a contract modification to FNMI forM249.

NSWC-Crane, on behalf of the USMC, issues a sole-sourcesolicitation to Winchester for 5.56mm Jacketed Frangible Cartridges.Intended for use in the M4A1 and M249, the quantity is for totalnumber of cartridges that can be purchased for the amount of$4,825,313.19.

An informal meeting is held at the 2002 SHOT Show betweenRemington's Sean Dwyer, Troy Lawton, and MSG Holland regardingthe ERC/SPC project.

TACOM awards a $76,415.15 delivery order to KAC for 133 M5 RASand 133 M4 RAS. This is on behalf of the USMC.

TACOM awards KAC a $71,835.89 contract option for assorted MWSparts.

ARMS, Inc.'s Richard Swan files another patent application for theSIR system.

Altarum begins a study to determine the feasibility of a commoncaliber for the OICW and the OCSW programs.

NSWC-Crane, on behalf of USSOCOM, MARCORSYSCOM GroundWeapons, and the FBI, issues a sources-sought notice noting the re-initiation of the EGLM requirement. The EGLM is envisioned toreplace the M203 in Special Operations Forces and possibly, the USMarine Corps and the FBI. The program seeks an EGLM that willdemonstrate operational and technical improvements over the

current M203-series grenade launchers. Although the currentlyfielded M203 40mm Grenade Launcher meets existing military

performance specifications, the M203 has exhibited performancecharacteristics that do not meet SOF requirements when subjectedto the extreme operational conditions imposed upon them by SOFoperators. Specific M203 shortfalls include:

1. Barrel mount design degrades host weapon accuracy;

2. Quick Detach Mount is fragile and complex;
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3. Cannot load cartridges longer than 138mm;

4. Unreliable in surf, sand, and mud;

5. Inaccurate, requires many costly rounds and hours totrain; and

6. Most of current ammo stockpile is old and inaccurate.

The program's objective is to rapidly field a quick attach/detachenhanced 40mm grenade launcher module that fires the currentinventory of US and NATO 40x46mm ammunition as well as a newgeneration of enhanced, non-developmental munitions, to include

programmable rounds. The core goal is increased day/nightlethality, with first-round effect on target (objective), or second-round effect on target (threshold). The EGLM will possess a ballisticself-ranging sight and/or range finding and/or stadiametric rangingsight that is day/night capable. The EGLM must not attach to thebarrel of the host weapon; instead, it will attach to a rigid 6:00 MIL-STD-1913 rail on the host weapon. The EGLM must be capable of

removal from the host weapon and fired in a stand-aloneconfiguration, and should therefore have provision for a pistol gripand/or an accessory buttstock. The breech mechanism should opento the side rather than forward like the current M203. Side openingwill allow the operator to chamber and fire longer NATO cartridges.Side loading will also facilitate reloading in difficult or awkwardshooting positions. The barrel release latch and mechanical safetyshould be located in a position that will alleviate or eliminateinadvertent activation. The trigger mechanism must not require theoperator to open the breech in order to cock or re-cock the weapon.Controls should be ambidextrous and intuitive. Improvementsshould also include improved reliability, durability, service-life, and

ergonomics.

The initial draft specifications for the EGLM are released for industrycomment.

NSWC-Crane awards a $49,036,961 contract to Wilcox Industries forM203 Day/Night Sight Mounts.

MARCORSYSCOM announces its intent to purchase twelve each ofFN's P90 (Universal 1913 Triple Rail variant) and HK's 4.6x30mmPDW (MP7). The PDWs are intended for head to head testing and

experiments conducted by the Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory(MCWL) in support of Project Rifleman.

March: TACOM awards a $1,389,301 delivery order to FNMI forM16A4.

TACOM awards Colt a $86,450 contract option for 133 M4. These areintended for the USMC.

ARDEC announces its intent to procure 60 barrels and 150 bolts forthe M16 Rifle/M4 Carbine Long Life Barrel Program.


5/39

NSWC-Crane awards $55,680 and $145,556 delivery orders to FNMIfor Mk 46 Mod 0.

The PM-OICW issues a sources sought announcement for theexecution of the System Development and Demonstration (SDD)Phase of OICW development.

Altarum presents the report "Objective Crew Served WeaponCaliber Study" to JSSAP. The study recommends that:

A common ammunition or round for the OICW andOCSW is not feasible; however, a common projectile(internal workings of the fuse and warhead) will befeasible;

The two weapon systems should utilize the same fusesetting, range determination, and safe and armingmechanism; and

The two weapon systems should have similar 25mmammunition.

Although Altarum determines that using similar 25mm ammunitionfor the OICW and the OCSW will increase the weight of the OICW,this approach will allow a reduced cost per OICW ammunition andwould increase OICW lethality. Altarum also determines that theOCSW fuse is cheaper to manufacture than the OICW fuse by $5.48per fuse.

The US Coast Guard announces its intent to award a sole-sourcecontract to Leitner-Wise Rifle Company (LWRC) to modify eight

M16A2 rifles for their proprietary .499 LW cartridge.

NSWC-Crane awards Wilcox Industries a $49,036,961 contract forthe M203 GLD/NSM (AN/PSQ-18). Passed along to the US Army fortesting with the M203E2 MWO, the AN/PSQ-18 also sees combat in

Afghanistan and later, Iraq.

NSWC-Crane, on behalf of USSOCOM and the FBI, issues aCommercial Agency Announcement (CAA) noting the re-initiation ofthe Family of Muzzle Brakes and Suppressors (FMBS) program.Intended for use with 5.56mm and 7.62mm weapons, the FMBS is

planned to consist of four models: 1) Close Quarters Battle Receiver(CQBR), 2) Standard Model M4, 3) Special Purpose Receiver (SPR),and 4) Light Machinegun (LMG). The suppressor must reduce sound

pressure levels by 25 decibels and decrease flash signature by 75percent when mounted on the intended weapon system. It may notchange point of impact more than 1.25 minutes (thresholds are 10

percent less than objectives). The quick attach/detach typesuppressors will be suitable for precision, semi-automatic, andautomatic firing. 5.56mm suppressors must not attach to 7.62mmweapons' muzzle brakes, although the reverse may hold true.


6/39

NSWC-Crane, on behalf of USSOCOM, issues a CAA for MiniatureDay/Night Sight (MDNS) development. Improved/miniaturizedversions, or alternative items are sought to replace or supplementthe following SOPMOD subsystems, in order of priority: Group A,Passive Miniature Day/Night Sight Subsystems: 1) 3.5X-10X and2.5X-8X Special Purpose Receiver (SPR) Sights, 2) Clip-On NightVision Device (CNVD), 3) Miniature Night Vision Sight (MNVS), 4)

ACOG Reflex Sight, 5) ACOG 4X Sight; and Group B, ActiveMiniature Day/Night Sight Subsystems: 1) Visible Bright Light (VBL),2) Integrated Pointer/Illuminator Module (IPIM), 3) AN/PEQ-2Infrared Laser Pointer/Illuminator (ITPIAL), 4) AN/PEQ-5 CarbineVisible Laser (CVL).

MARCORSYSCOM issues a requirement for a Multipurpose Bayonet(MB). The potential order will run between 5,000 to 120,000 units.

TACOM issues Ground Precautionary Message GPM-02-017"Commercial 100-Round Magazine for Use in M249 SquadAutomatic Weapon (SAW)." During testing, rounds were

sometimes left loose in the Beta C-Mag drums. Blank ammunitionshowed a very high stoppage rate. The message specificallyrecommends that the magazines not be used in an operationalsetting.

TACOM awards KAC a $79,385.92 contract option for assorted MWSparts.

April: TACOM awards FNMI a $399,740 contract option for 1,000M16A2. These are for FMS to Bahrain.

TACOM awards Colt a $76,840 contract option for 113 M4A1. Theseare intended for the US Navy and USAF.

TACOM awards FNMI a $92,111.40 contract option for theproduction of 30 M249.

TACOM awards a $65,453.30 contract modification to FNMI for 22M249 for the USMC.

NSWC-Crane, on behalf of USSOCOM, issues a CAA for vendors who

can provide accessory parts and assemblies for performanceimprovements to the M16/M4-series rifles/carbines. Specifically

required are Special Purpose Receivers (SPR) for both short andlong range precision fire, with improved MIL-STD-1913 railinterfaces, as well as related improved weapons parts andassemblies. The latter improvements, listed in priority order ofgovernment interest, may include new and improved 1) magazines,2) bolt assemblies/bolt carrier groups, 3) barrels, 4) upper receiversand upper receiver groups, 5) trigger, sear, and hammer sets, 6)ambidextrous weapon controls, 7) flip-up/spring-up front and reariron sights, 8) front and rear pistol grips, 9) buttstocks, 10) bipods,and any other components of, or mechanical accessories to, the


7/39

M16-series/M4A1 carbines, with the exception of the lower receiver.

NSWC-Crane also issues a solicitation for 40,686 boxes of Black HillsAmmunition 5.56mm, 77 grain long range SPR Ammunition.

TACOM awards a $284,648.50 contract option to KAC for 500 M4RAS and various MWS parts.

MARCORSYSCOM, on behalf of the MCWL, issues a sole-sourcesolicitation to Simunition for FX marking cartridges: 197,600 Redand 53,200 Blue. This solicitation is in support of MCWL's ProjectMetropolis (Millennium Challenge '02).

May: The SOF Weapons Program is spun off from SOPMOD. Amongthe projects moved include the SPR, the SPR MBS, the long rangeSPR 5.56mm cartridge, and certain M4A1 carbine platform upgradessuch as the EPS-2, HRM, and the Sloping Cheekweld Buttstock(SCB).

TACOM awards a $44,040 delivery order to FNMI for M16A4.

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation to Colt for 25,764 M4 and12,972,700 M4A1 Carbines.

TACOM also issues a sole-source solicitation to Colt for 2,300 heavyreplacement barrels and 2,000 upper receivers for use withM4/M4A1 carbines.


NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation to Black HillsAmmunition for 96,500 rounds of Mk 262 Mod 0.

Remington's R&D Project Engineer, Greg Dennison, directs theproduction of sample ERC/SPC cases in 5.56mm, 6.5mm, 7mm and7.62mm. Samples are provided with small and large primer pockets,along with some with case rims rebated to match the standard M4A1boltface.

The CF C7A2 update proposals are briefed to the 3rd Battalion,Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (3 PPCLI).

FN's Charles Denuit receivesUS Patent #6,389,725 titled "Fire Armwith Forward Ejection or Ejection Brought to the Fore-part of theFire Arm."

The Philippine Armed Forces sign a contract for 402 FN Minimicosting P117.4 million. The Minimi had beaten out the Ultimax 100and the Daewoo K3.

TACOM-ARDEC and PM-Small Arms issues a requirement for Back-
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8/39

up Iron Sights (BUIS). The BUIS shall provide a 300 to 600 metercapability on the modular versions of the M4 Carbine and M16A4Rifle.

ARDEC issues a solicitation for 14,100 to 64,100 Accessory Rail Kitsfor the M249.

TACOM awards Center Industries a $787,000 contract for theproduction of 100,000 M16 thirty round magazines.

KAC's Reed Knight and Doug Olson file patent application for animproved muzzle attachment that can serve simultaneously toreduce muzzle rise, recoil, and flash signature. The device can alsoserve as the attachment point for a sound suppressor.

June: Milestone B is approved for the SPR and its long range5.56mm cartridge. The SPR is type-classified under the designationsRifle, Special Purpose Mk 12 Mod 0 and Mk 12 Mod 1. The Mk 12-series are designated marksman rifles built by NSWC-Crane

armorers. The upper receiver is a mix of military and commercialparts, which is then mated to a M16A1 lower. The Mk 12 Mod 0 isrecognizable primarily from its Precision Reflex, Inc. (PRI) free-floatforearm. The Mk 12 Mod 1 use a KAC free-float RAS forearm. TheMod 1 evolved from the earlier SPR/A and SPR/B, which variedprimarily as to which Leupold Vari-X III scope was mounted (3.5-10x versus 2.5-8x, respectively). The current Mk 12 Mod 1reportedly uses a Leupold 3-9x.

The issue ammunition for the Mk 12 SPR is the 5.56mm Special Ball,Long Range Mk 262 Mod 0 (using the 77 grain Sierra MatchKing).The Mk 262 is the end product of accuracy testing which startedwith 27 different commercial match projectiles. The projectile choicewas eventually narrowed to three: the 73 grain Berger LTB (LengthTolerant Bullet), the 87 grain PRL (Powell River Laboratories), andthe 77 grain Sierra MatchKing. Availability issues with the first twomanufacturers resulted in the Sierra MatchKing being chosen. Todate, Black Hills Ammunition is the sole source of the Mk 262 Mod 0;however, there are indications that Lake City will begin loading theammunition. The Mk 262 Mod 1 will reportedly use either the 77grain Sierra MatchKing or the 77 grain Nosler Custom Competition

(formerly, the J4 OTM). The main difference will be the introductionof a cannelure. Use of the Mk 262 Mod 0/1 has since filtered down

to other 5.56x45mm weapons in USSOCOM's inventory. The Mk 262Mod 1 has also been adopted by certain USMC units for use in theirM4/M4A1 Carbines.

TACOM-ARDEC issues a sources sought announcement to identifyenhancements for the M4/M16 series of weapons. Specific areas ofinterest include, but are not limited to: 1) Reliability/Durability - boltcarrier assembly and upper receiver/barrel improvements - toreduce failures to feed/extract and increase the service life of theseparts; 2) Accuracy - forward MIL-STD-1913 rail system with free-


9/39

floating barrel (M203 and sling attachment to rail system), moreconsistent trigger pull, repeatable accessory rail mounts - toimprove system accuracy at extended ranges for individual targets;3) Survivability - reduced flash and IR signature, faster targetacquisition/engagement - to reduce visibility and exposure time toenemy fire; 4) Ergonomics - ambidextrous controls, adjustablefront/rear pistol grip geometry, buttstock cheek weld,folding/detachable front sights, balance/controllability, reducedweight, battery storage - to enhance soldier/weapon interface; 5)Maintenance - corrosion resistance, ease of cleaning, shot counter -to reduce/simplify maintenance requirements. No modifications tothe standard lower receiver are anticipated.

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation to Colt for the production ofM4 and M4A1 Carbines.

TACOM orders nine M4A1 Reliability Kits for shipment to PicatinnyArsenal for further testing. The ECP for the Improved Buttstock isreincorporated into the contract for a total of 8,128 stocks.

TACOM-ARDEC issues a sole-source solicitation to Nammo for5,371,221 to 7,471,221 M995 AP cartridges.

ARDEC issues a sources-sought notice for commercial or militarizedoptical devices to enhance the performance of the M4/M16 series ofweapons. The devices should improve long-range targetengagement, while not degrading the existing capability to rapidlyengage targets at short ranges. Performance to 500 meters isrequired.

MARCORSYSCOM's Infantry Weapons Product Group issues a RFP for1,208 M249 complete feed tray covers with MIL-STD-1913 UniversalMounting Rails, in support of the M249 SAW upgrade.

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation to KAC for 25,000 M4 RailAdapter Systems, 28,000 M5 Rail Adapter Systems, and 9,300 M203Quick Release Brackets.

TACOM-ARDEC issues a source-sought announcement to identifyqualified sources with the capability to evaluate the existing manual

process, procure, and assemble 4,000 NDI M249 Collapsible andAdjustable Buttstocks. The collapsible buttstock must be a self-

contained assembly, able to retain a vertical orientation of thebuttstock throughout its entire length of travel, while incorporatingthe standard hydro-pneumatic buffer. It must also be compatiblewith all other components of the M249, assemble to anddisassemble from the weapon in the same manner as the M5buttstock, and exhibit durability equal to, or better than, the M5buttstock. It must not change the cyclic rate of fire of the M249.Furthermore, it required to demonstrate MOUT capability at least asgood as the M249 when equipped with the M5 buttstock, provide atleast one intermediate locking position from which the weapon can


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be fired, provide a device to allow the weapon to rest on the user'sshoulder similar to the flip up piece on the existing M5 buttstock,and possess a locked position when extended. The overall length of

pull must be approximately 15.25 inches when extended, with acollapsed length of pull not to exceed approximately 12.00 inches(required) or 10.25 inches (desired).

NSWC-Crane issues a solicitation for 5 to 40,000 shot countingdevices suitable for special operations training and combat use.

NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation notice to KAC for 300Compensators and various RIS/MWS spare parts.

MARCORSYSCOM's Infantry Weapons Product Group issues a RFPrequesting improved flashhiders for the M2, M240G, M249, M16A2,M16A4, and M4.

CECOM and PM-Soldier Sensors issue a market survey notice for anInfrared/Visible Aiming Light/Illuminator (ILWLP). This device will

provide an infrared aiming laser, a visible aiming laser, a fixed-beamwhite light, and an infrared illuminator. The device will have dualactivation controls and be capable of operating both infrared or bothvisible beams simultaneously. The device must be able to mount ona US Army Standard Rail (MIL-STD-1913) using an interface device(rail grabber).

NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation notice to Simunitionfor 100 M4A1 FX conversion kits.

Magpul's Richard Fitzpatrick and Stephen Hines file a patentapplication for a modular adjustable buttstock (now marketed as theM93).

Colt's Vincent Battaglia files a patent application for a new eight-position rail system which replaces the handguard caps and mountsthe rails above the existing M4 handguards.

July: TACOM awards Colt a $18,468,365.60 contract for theproduction of 25,764 M4 and 300 M4A1 Carbines for the US Army,USAF, and Foreign Military Sales (FMS).

NSWDG issues a solicitation for a variety of weapon parts including

24 Mk 46 barrels, 10 stainless 16" barrels for the M4A1 Recon Rifleupper receiver, 14 Long Rifle RAS Assemblies, and 14 Match 2-StageTriggers.

NSWC-Crane issues a solicitation for 17,972,760 to 69,134,200rounds of 5.56mm Frangible Ammunition.

Reports surface regarding the unreliability of the refurbished L85A2and L86A2 in Afghanistan. Allegations are made that the 2001 In-Service Reliability Trials in Kuwait were fixed. Hessian matting was


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reportedly laid on the test ranges to protect the rifles. Exposure ofthe weapons to sand was further minimized by keeping them inside

protective bags whenever the weapons were not being fired. Theprice of the upgrades has now topped 92 million.

TACOM awards KAC a $694,575 contract option for assorted MWSparts.

NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation notice to OkayIndustries for 10,000 High Reliability Magazines (HRM).

NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation notice to KAC for 803Suppressor Compensators.

NSWC-Crane issues a solicitation for 2,020 Tenebreax anti-reflectiondevices for the AN/PVS-17A MNVS, and 1,400 Tenebreax killflashanti-reflection devices for 4x ACOG scopes.

The USMC Northeast Regional Contracting Office issues a solicitation

for M4 SESAMS Barrel Kits, with Carrying Handle/Sight assemblies.

C-More's Ira Kay receivesUS Patent #6,418,655 titled "UnderbarrelShotgun."

C-More's Ira M. Kay files another patent application for the LSSaccessory shotgun.

On behalf of the US Navy, Michael M. Canaday and Mark R. Whalenfile a patent application for an adjustable back-up iron sight for theM4 and M16A4.

USAF Space Command, Patrick AFB - 45 CONS issues a solicitationfor 32 Trijicon TA31F ACOG and 16 Trijicon RX01NSN reflex sights.

August: Picatinny's PM-Small Arms (PMSA) is reorganized as PM-Soldier Weapons (PMSW).

TACOM awards FNMI a $1,998,700 contract option for 5,000 M16A2.These are for FMS to Nepal.

TACOM awards FNMI a pair of $79,948 contract options for 200M16A2 apiece. These are for FMS to Jamaica and Bahrain.

The M4A1 SOPMOD OCONUS Performance User Review and SpecialPurpose Rifle (SPR) Capabilities Upgrade Conference is held. Themajority of users prefer the Mk 12 Mod 0 over the Mk 12 Mod 1 inpart due to ergonomic reasons. In contrast, the SPR buildersuniformly prefer the Mk 12 Mod 1 due to ease of construction.However, there are some disgruntled users, particularly in the SEALcommunity, who really wanted a lighter 16" barreled Recon/"Recce"carbine instead of a heavy, militarized match rifle.
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NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation to Black HillsAmmunition for 1,138,160 to 18,868,200 rounds of 5.56mm, 77grain long range (LR) ammunition (P/N D223N9).

Later, NSWC-Crane issues another sole-source solicitation to BlackHills Ammunition for 14 cases of 5.56mm Subsonic Cartridges, and31 boxes of Mk 262 Mod 0 ammunition.

PEO-Special Programs recharters the SOPMOD program. Now allfuture accessory upgrades must consider compatibility with otherweapons in USSOCOM inventories.

NAVICP issues a solicitation for 1,426 M4QD sound suppressors.

NAVICP issues a solicitation for 1,400 TA01M4A1 ACOG.

ACA-Fort Lewis issues a solicitation for 40 Optical Gun Sights for useon the M16 Rifle Family.

USAF Space Command, 45th CONS - Patrick AFB issues a solicitationfor 35 each KAC M16QD sound suppressors and Streamlight M3weapon flashlights. These will be used with GAU-5.

On behalf of the US Army, Gary J. Houtsma files a patent applicationfor a semi-permanent back-up iron sight for the M4 and M16A4 thatcan be mounted to the firearm at the same time as a M68 CCO orother sight.

September: PM-Soldier Weapons issues a memorandum of urgentrequirement for the development of the XM8 lightweight carbine.The memorandum was based on the ongoing requirement of PEO-Soldier to lighten the weight of equipment carried by warfighters.Citing the urgent requirement, PM-Soldier Weapons has the OICWcontract modified to include the XM8.

The USMC announces its intent to replace the M16A2 with the flattopM16A4.

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation to FNMI for 5,000 M16A2rifles.

The MCWL's Project Metropolis (ProMet) team begins the second

experiment in the "Tactical Warrior" series. The purpose of thisexperiment is to determine whether the inclusion of riflemen trainedto perform the functions of a Squad Advanced Marksman (SAM) willenhance the operational effectiveness of the infantry platoon. Usingforces from III Marine Expeditionary Force (III MEF), the trainingand testing are held at US Navy and USAF ranges, along with aclosed housing area of Andersen AFB, Guam. Prototype M16 rifles,designated the SAM-R, are used as a surrogate for a future servicerifle. Built by the Precision Weapons Section at Weapons TrainingBattalion, Quantico, VA, the prototype SAM-R features a free-floated


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stainless steel match heavy barrel with 1 in 7" twist, a detachablebipod with swivels, a M16A1 trigger group with the automatic searremoved, and a forearm with MIL-STD-1913 rails. The optics testedare the Trijicon TA31F ACOG and the AN/PVS-17B.

TACOM-ARDEC awards a $11,183,492 contract to Nammo for theproduction of 7.62x51mm and 5.56x45mm AP ammunition.

NSWC-Crane awards a contract worth up to $9,205,500 to BlackHills Ammunition for 35,000 to 10,000,000 rounds of 5.56mmReduced Ricochet Limited Penetration ammunition

The USCG awards Leitner-Wise Rifle Company a contract to supply.499 LW upper receiver conversions, ammunition, and Meprolightreflex sights.

TACOM awards Colt a $54,626.40 contract for 3,240 'H2' BufferAssemblies for the M4A1 Reliability Kits. The H2 is heavier than theprevious 'H' buffer used in the M4 due to the use of two tungsten

weights with a single steel weight. The 'H' buffer possesses only onetungsten weight with two steel weights.

ARDEC awards a $1,039,500 contract to Matech, Inc. for BackupIron Sights.

Todd Griffin, on behalf of R/M Equipment, receivesUS Patent#6,453,594 titled "Apparatus for Attaching a Supplemental Deviceto a Minimally Altered Host Firearm."

Fall: Diemaco introduces a variant of its C7CT requested by theCanadian military for use as a sniper spotter's rifle. The new modelis dubbed the CFCT (Canadian Forces Custom Tactical).

October: ARDEC awards Alliant Techsystems (ATK) with a contractmodification to the XM29 OICW program. The 5.56mm NATO KEModule is to be developed further into the XM8 Lightweight AssaultRifle. The XM8 is intended to replace the M4 carbine for issue to the"Objective Force Warrior." The MWS equivalent for the XM8 is latertitled the Multiple Attachment Point System (MAPS).

TACOM awards a $1,957,720.30 delivery order to FNMI for 4,264M16A4 rifles. These rifles are for the USMC.

TACOM deallocates a total of $25,977 over six contract modificationto FNMI for M16A4.


The MCWL's ProMet team concludes the Squad Advanced Marksman(SAM) experiment.
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individual weapon required rebarreling. Several years back (1997?),the GAU-5 still in USAF service were eventually upgraded with a14.5" M4-configuration barrel using a 1-7" twist. These upgradedmodels were redesignated GUU-5P.)

CIS' Tuck Wah Chee and Felix Tsai receiveUS Patent #6,481,144titled "Firearm."

NATO's Conference of National Armament Directors (CNAD) is forcedto cancel the scheduled selection of a PDW cartridge for NATOstandardization. Due a lack of consensus on how to evaluate theETBS report and questions regarding ETBS' conduct of the trials, theNATO Army Armaments Group (NAAG) is forced to form a QuickReaction Team (QRT) to independently examine the report andconduct further testing as necessary.

Program Executive Office-Soldier's commander Col. James R. Moranchallenges the PM-Soldier Weapons office to produce 40mmthermobaric cartridges within four to six months.

TACOM awards a $9,780 delivery order to LMT for 200 M203A1modification kits. These are for FMS.

HK's Berthold Weichert, Jurgen Gablowski, and Gerhard Gielke areawardedUS Patent #6,481,145 titled "Grenade Launcher."

NAVICP awards KAC an additional $8,946 sole-source contract forM4-QD suppressors.

TACOM awards a $611,622.07 delivery order to Aimpoint for 2,400M68 and related accessories.

NAVICP issues a solicitation for 232 TA01M4A1 ACOG.

TACOM awards a $30,150 contract to Trijicon for 40 TA01NSNACOG. These are for FMS to the Philippines.

Diemaco's David Compton files an US patent application for the TRI-AD clamp-on accessory rails.

December: During the XM8 preliminary design, ATK and HK requestclarification on 15 of the requirements negotiated for the XM8

system. In addition, ATK and HK propose system specifications formeeting some of those requirements. These specifications areaccepted for use in developing the weapon.

TACOM awards a $74,361.24 delivery order to FNMI for 162 M16A4.

TACOM modifies its M4/M4A1 contract with Colt for a net increase of$1,212,568.72. Additional quantities are procured for the US Army,while the USAF's order is slightly reduced.
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NSWC-Crane, on behalf of the USMC MTU, issues a solicitation for1,520 cases of Black Hills 5.56mm Match Ammunition, 77 grain withmoly coating.

A consortium of German investors purchase HK from BAe/RO.

TACOM-ARDEC issues a Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) forJSSAP, in support of the Objective Force Warrior (OFW) program.The purpose of this BAA is to solicit proposals for componenttechnologies that will support the development of a LightweightFamily of Weapons and Ammunition (LFWA). The LFWA will providethe Lethality component of the OFW program. The initial focus of theLFWA program will be on developing lightweight machine guns andammunition. The objective is a "clean sheet of paper" approach thatwill yield technologies (weapon and ammunition) that arereproducible in mass, robust, easy to operate and maintain, andreliable under all conditions, while taking up less volume andweighing 30-35 percent less than current systems. Proposalssubmitted under this BAA shall be limited in scope to a 12-month

effort. Submitters are urged to focus their efforts on individualcomponent technologies that will help dramatically reduce the sizeand/or weight of individual and crew-served weapon systems whilemaintaining current performance. Improvements may evolve fromtechnologies developed for other weapon systems or fromapplications not used previously in the weapon and ammunitionarena. Also, technologies may reveal applications of old ideas whichtechnological barriers heretofore prevented.

Congress, on behalf of OPS Inc., requests that the DOD's InspectorGeneral audit the recent sole-source awards to KAC for M4-QDsuppressors. Not only is the justification for the sole-source awardscalled into question, OPS Inc. alleges that their Special PurposeReceiver suppressor is superior to the KAC design in terms ofaccuracy, cost, loudness, and operational suitability.

TACOM awards $11,426,587.46 of a $29,300,000 contract to KACfor MWS components and assorted spares. The first delivery orderincludes 1,500 M4 RAS, 27,377 M5 RAS, and 2,000 vertical pistolgrips.

TACOM awards a $126,555 contract option to Bestwork Industriesfor the Blind Inc. for 5,500 M16 MWS Sling Adapter Kits.

MARCORSYSCOM awards a $214,150 contract to Ontario KnifeCompany for the Multi-Purpose Bayonet (MB).

ARMS, Inc.'s Richard Swan receivesUS Patent #6,490,822 titled"Modular Sleeve,"andUS Patent #6,499,245 titled "Modular SleeveYoke."

HK's Johannes Murello and Wilhelm Fischbach receiveUS Patent#6,487,806 titled "Weapon Housing System for an Automatic
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Loading Firearm."

2003...

Several changes are afoot; many in part due to the run up to, andthe aftermath of, the Second Gulf War. New SEP inspired by UrbanOperations (UO) include an improved 40mm grenade launcher, to benamed the XM320. (Not surprisingly, a variant of the HK AG36 isbeing pushed as a companion for the G36-based XM8. The eventualwinner in USSOCOM's EGLM trials will be a likely shoo-in for the

XM320 contract as well.) C-More's Lightweight Shotgun System(LSS) is being revived for use in door-breeching. Candidates for theMultipurpose Optic (MPO) requirement appears to be a C-More

produced 1-5x variable scope and the Leupold Mk 4 CQ/T 1-3xvariable. The MPO concept is to mix the short-range advantages ofthe M68 CCO with the longer-range capabilities of a Trijicon ACOG,while knocking out the disadvantages of either.

SOPMOD PMO receives an unrequested $3,600,000 from Congress

for the purchase of additional AN/PVS-17A MNVS.

All M4A1 procured by the DOD now come from the factory with aspecial heavy barrel installed.

Daewoo introduces the bullpup DAR-21 rifle.

The British MOD purchases an additional 700 FN Minimi Para(L110A1) prior to the invasion of Iraq.The MOD also purchases 600L17A2 grenade launchers from HK.

Sweden begins troop trials of the modified Ak5CF. 300 rifles havebeen modified to the experimental standard. Changes over the basicAk5 include:

Increased reliability: MRBS >2,000

Colored black instead of green

MIL-STD-1913 rail on the upper receiver

New flash hider with better flash suppression

Only one gas port position

Permanent bayonet lug for the Ak4 (HK G3) bayonet

New hand guard with rail at 6 o'clock

Adjustable buttstock

New ambidextrous selector lever

New pistol grip

Automatic bolt catch
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Transparent plastic magazine

Removable forward grip

New tactical sling

Removed existing iron sights and previous bolt catch

The Turkish military cancels its contract with MKE for the HK 33.

Depending upon the source, only 50,000 to 80,000 were acceptedby the Turkish military.

The Mexican Navy lists the allocation of funds for the developmentof an indigenously designed rifle. It is projected for adoption in 2004or 2005.

January: NSWC-Crane issues a RFI for a SOF Combat Rifle (SCR) to

replace the M4A1 carbine. The design is to be modular, allowing formultiple caliber conversions and configuration modifications tomatch divergent mission needs. "Draft" Key Performance

Parameters of the SCR include:

Requirements (Threshold) (Objective)

CorrosionResistance

4 days 10 days

Mean RoundsbetweenStoppage

2,000 4,000

Mean Rounds

betweenFailure 15,000 30,000

Accuracy(MOA)

1.5 @ 300meters

1 @ 400 meters

Effective Range

Point Targets 500 meters 600 meters

Area Targets 600 meters 700 meters

Life Cycle

(time beforeoverhaul)

15,000

rounds 90,000 rounds

Modularity

(Caliber) 5.56mmTBD(7.62x39mm/5.45X39/6.8x43mm)

(Mission)Adaptable to SOF mission scenarios:CQB/OTB/General Combat/Long-range Precisionfires.


19/39

TACOM awards FNMI a $449,307.76 contract option for 1,124M16A2. These are for FMS.

TACOM awards $14,689 and $195,084 delivery orders to FNMI forM16A4.

TACOM awards Colt a $331,975.28 contract option for 364 M4Carbines.


PEO-Soldier briefs the Army Acquisition Executive ASA(ALT) ClaudeM. Bolton Jr. on a new approach for incrementally developing theOICW subsystems. The PEO proposes maturing two separate butparallel capabilities: the kinetic energy system (XM8 [Increment I])and the stand-alone, high explosive, air bursting system (XM25[Increment II]).

The MCWL publishes "Project Metropolis Tactical WarriorExperiment: Phase Two (Guam, USA): Squad AdvancedMarksman (SAM) Experiment After Action Report." Resultsindicate that the combat optics can dramatically improve first roundhits on targets at unknown ranges, and greatly increases targetidentification capability for shadowed targets and during low lightconditions. The authors recommend that every infantry fire teamcould benefit from a SAM equipped with optical sights.

The US Navy Office of the Judge Advocate General (OJAG)completes its interim legal review of the Federal 5.56mm frangiblecartridge (DODIC AA40). The review limits the use of the cartridgefor training use only. However, request for limited operational use ofthe frangible round will be reviewed by JAG on a case by case basis.

HQ, 5th SFG sends the memo "Mission Needs Statement (MNS),Advanced Rifle Cartridge (ARC)."

A ballistic review of the 6.8x43mm SPC is conducted for the USArmy's Judge Advocate General. This eventually leads to theapproval for combat use of Hornady and Sierra OTM projectiles, andopens the way for a Limited User Assessment (LUA).

India announces a $20 million contract with IMI for the bullpupTavor rifle. The Tavor is intended to replace the troubled INSAS riflealong with a large number of Romanian AKM rifles purchased as astopgap in 1995.

HK's Ernst Wssner files an US patent application for the cockinghandle system for the MG4, which allows the bolt to be locked in any

position along the length of its travel.


20/39

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation and then awards OkayIndustries a $1,788,000 contract option for 300,000 magazines.

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation and then awards FNMI a$1,059,085.48 contract option for 1,594 short barrels for the M249.

TACOM awards a $379,804.32 delivery order to KAC for 6,433vertical pistol grips and 12,866 nine-rib rails covers.

NSWC-Crane issues an open solicitation for the FMBS. This willcomprise up to 22,000 suppressors and accessories.

NAVICP issues a sole-source solicitation to KAC for M4-QDsuppressors.

NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation notice to OPS Inc. for65 3rd Model 5.56 Carbine Muzzle Brake Suppressors.

NAVICP issues a solicitation for 5,000 KAC M4 QD Sound

Suppressors.

USASOC, Fort Bragg issues a solicitation for 204,000 rounds each ofred and blue Simunition FX marking cartridges. These are for use atthe US Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School.

TACOM awards a $1,369 delivery order to LMT for 28 M203A1modification kits.

HK's Jurgen Gablowski files an US patent application for theattachment design of the AG36.

HK's Johannes Murello receivesUS Patent #6,508,158 titled "Firinglever arrangement for a firearm."

February: TACOM awards Colt a $2,954,925.79 contract option for3,113 M4 and 98 M4A1. A few days later, 3,846 M4 Carbines areadded for $3,313,371.55. (Most of this batch is destined for theUSAF. Later in the month, an additional 244 M4 are added for$224,477.56.

TACOM awards a $2,584,741.62 delivery order to FNMI for 5,631M16A4. Later, TACOM awards an additional $3,213.14 delivery order

for seven M16A4, and a $4,131.18 delivery order for nine M16A4.

NSWC-Crane requests a safety release for the Mk 12 SPR and Mk262 cartridge from the Weapon System Explosive Safety ReviewBoard (WSESRB). WSESRB subsequently grants a limited release forthe Mk 262 to USSOCOM. Official Operational Testing (OT) begins.

NSWC-Crane awards a $29,999,900 contract to Federal CartridgeCompany for 5.56mm frangible ammunition.


21/39

TACOM awards a $176,490.50 delivery order to KAC for 500 M4RAS, 600 vertical pistol grips, and assorted rails covers.

NSWC-Crane, on behalf of USSOCOM's SOPMOD program, issues aRFI for COTS/NDI Lightweight Machine Gun Muzzle Brake andSuppressors (LMGMBS) for small arms in 5.56mm and 7.62mm.Improvements are sought in materials, manufacturing process, highendurance coatings, and other unknown technologies that will yieldextended performance suppressor life to a threshold of 15,000rounds with an objective of 30,000 rounds under various firingschedules. Suppressor characteristics sought are: length 10 - 6.6inches, weight 32 - 24 ounces, diameter 2 - 1.5 inches, soundreduction 20-28 dB, up to a 2.5 MOA zero shift when fitted to gun,with minor or no loss in instrumental accuracy, endurance to failureunder harsh firing schedules approximately 10,000 rounds, andapproximately 500 rounds under continuous belt-fed full automaticfire.

ATEC publishes the following in "Test Record Number S-51340":

"The C-Mag is not suitable for use in training. The C-Magdemonstrated low reliability, poor durability, poor ergonomics, andresulted in a significant increase in weight for the same combatload."

TACOM awards a $395,084.80 delivery order to Aimpoint for 1,403M68.

TACOM awards Okay Industries a $3,784,600 contract option for theproduction of 635,000 M16 thirty round magazines.

TACOM awards Colt a $15,735 contract for M4A1 Reliability Kitreplacement parts. This comprises 750 H2 buffers and 3,000improved extractor springs.

A meeting is held at the 2003 SHOT Show between the SPC ProductTeam, other USSOCOM personnel, and representatives from theDepartment of Justice, Hornady, and Remington to discuss theevolution of the SPC project.

Israel announces the adoption of the IMI Tavor by the IDF.However, funds re not available for the immediate purchase of therifle. An US partner is being sought for a co-production agreementso that the rifle will be eligible for purchase with US aid funds.

ARDEC awards a $500,000 contract to Ensign-Bickford Aerospaceand Defense Company for 40mm XM1060 Multipurpose grenade

production.

HK's Johannes Murello and Helmut Weldle receiveUS Patent#6,523,293 titled "Arrangement for Opening the Dust Flap of aFirearm."

March: PEO-Soldier issues a memorandum of urgent requirement
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for the procurement of 200 XM8 lightweight carbines.

TACOM awards a $3,672.16 delivery order to FNMI for eight M16A4.Later, TACOM awards an additional $5,049.22 delivery order for 11M16A4.

TACOM awards Colt a $1,984,677.98 contract option for 1,769 M4and 470 M4A1.

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation to FNMI for 1,363 M249.

US Army Developmental Test Command (DTC) grants a safetyrelease for the Mk 12 SPR and Mk 262 cartridge.

The US Army, Office of the Project Manager, Maneuver AmmunitionSystems, issues a sources sought announcement for themanufacture and delivery of 5.56mm, M995 AP cartridges. The basiccontract is planned for award in FY 2003 with options up to 184,300cartridges. The contract is expected to include four option years (FY

2004 - FY 2007) with a maximum total quantity amount of4,350,000 cartridges.

Hugh A. McElroy and Michael R. Harris file a patent application foran improved projectile using a monolithic, heat-treated, steel corewith a plated-on jacket. The design is claimed to offer an increase inaccuracy, incapacitation effects, and penetration of light materieltargets as compared to the current 5.56mm NATO M855.

LCDR Gary K. Roberts, USNR, provides a written brief to RADMAlbert M. Calland, USN, Commander Navy Special WarfareCommand. The brief titled "Enhancement of NSW Carbine &Rifle Capability" recommends converting all 5.56mm NATOweapons in SEAL inventory to the new 6.8x43mm SPC.

HQ, USASFC sends the memo "Review of Mission NeedsStatement (MNS), Advanced Rifle Cartridge (ARC)."

HK's Thomas Schweikart receivesUS Patent #6,536,150 titled"Automatic Firearm with a Moving Bolt Assembly with LockingProjections."

The Philippine Armed Forces take delivery of 402 FN Minimi. 326 are

distributed to the Army, and 76 are given to the Marines.

ARDEC, on behalf of PM-Soldier Weapons, directs ATK to cease workon the XM29's 20mm ammunition. It has been decided to scrap theOICW's 20mm cartridge in favor of a 25mm cartridge. The goalsinclude greater lethality while lowering costs in the development ofair-bursting warheads.

TACOM announces its intent to procure up to 4,298 M5 collapsiblebuttstocks for the M249 from FN.
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Aberdeen begins developmental testing of the C-More LSS(Lightweight Shotgun System).

NAVICP issues a solicitation for 1,421 Trijicon TA01M4A1 ACOG.

TACOM awards a $178,281 contract to Trijicon.

The NAAG's QRT hears formal presentations from FN and HKregarding ETBS' report, which evaluated their PDW cartridges. Thisleads to the commissioning of Switzerland's Defence Procurement

Agency in Thun to conduct further trials of the cartridges.

April: The SCR is relabeled the SCAR (SOF Combat Assault Rifle).Now, the desired level of modularity includes larger cartridgeconversions such as 7.62x51mm and a proposed .338 ShortMagnum. The 7.62mm NATO-length configurations would be knownas the SCAR-H (Heavy), while the 5.56mm NATO-lengthconfigurations would be the SCAR-L (Light). As such, these variants

would replace the KAC Mk 11 Mod 0, the M14, the Mk 12 SPR, theSPR-V/KAC SR47, the CQBR, the M16A3, and the standard M4A1.The threshold accuracy loss is 1 MOA @ 300m, with an objective of0.25 MOA at the same range. The desired objective range for areatargets is increased to 800 meters for the SCAR-L. Threshold rangesfor the SCAR-H are 600m point and 800m area, increasing to800m/1000m as the objective. Barrel lifetime is specified as10,000/50,000 rounds with the objective MRBS and MRBF increasedto 8,000 and 50,000 rounds respectively.

The US Army's PM-Soldier Weapons intends to negotiate withUSSOCOM's PM-SOF Weapons regarding a potential role within theSCAR project, up to and including becoming the lead PM Office.Ideally, the Army would like to combine the SCAR with the XM8 as aspiral development project.

ARDEC issues a contract modification to the OICW contract thatexpands the XM8 carbine to include four weapon variants as a familyof weapons.

The XM8 Program is entered into the Acquisition Information

Management Database with PEO-Soldier shown improperly as themilestone decision authority.

The JSSAMP is updated for the fourth time. Near term goals (Next 8years) include improvements to current "legacy" systems, alongwith development projects such as the XM8, the XM25 AirburstWeapon (ABW: a stand-alone version of the OICW's grenadelauncher), and the XM29 Integrated Airburst Weapon (IABW:formerly the OICW). These entail the introduction of lightweightammunition such as the polymer-case 5.56mm cartridges currentlyunder development by Natec, integrated electronic systems such ascombined thermal/image intensification optics and multi-function


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lasers, and improved warhead technology such as thermobarics forthe 25mm HEAB munitions and the 40x46mm grenade (XM1060Multipurpose).

Mid term goals (8-15 years) include ultra-lightweight ammunition, afamily of lightweight weapons (most likely based on the XM8),steerable/course-correcting munitions, and further fire controlimprovements including target hand-off capabilities. The far termgoals (15 years +) once again include directed energy systems,ideally with scaleable effects for Lethal and Non-Lethal applications.


TACOM awards Colt a $2,007,219.64 contract option for 2,173 M4and 9 M4A1. Later in the month, an additional 2,173 M4 are addedfor $1,999,138.27.

TACOM awards a $17,100 contract to Colt for three apiece non-firingreplicas of the M4 Carbine, M16A4 Rifle, and M203 Grenade

Launcher.

Aberdeen completes safety release testing for the 40mm XM1060Multipurpose (thermobaric) cartridge. Within weeks, PM-SoldierWeapons receives an urgent need request for the XM1060 fromCombined Joint Task Force 180 in Afghanistan. The available rounds(~1188) are shipped by the end of the month.

The CF C7A2 update is assembled from the following parts: anAccuwedge, ambidextrous controls (charging handle/maglatch/selector switch), a C8 telescoping stock, green furniture, aone-piece gas ring, and the Diemaco Triad I, an accessory mountwhich clamps to the existing gas block/front sight base. The ELCANC79 sight is also to be upgraded with a green cover, an upgradedmount spring, and replacement tritium inserts. The completeupgrade package is due for user testing late in the year.

SOPMOD PMO publishes the MDNS Performance Specifications.

TACOM awards Center Industries a $1,495,300 contract option forthe production of 190,000 M16 thirty round magazines.

TACOM awards a $65,346.20 delivery order to KAC for 1,646 M249

vertical pistol grips.

USAF Air Mobility Command, 62nd CONS - McChord AFB issues asolicitation for 250 extended life M16 thirty round magazine springs.

David Armstrong receivesUS Patent #6,543,172 titled "ButtstockAssembly with Removable and Sealable Storage Tubes."

C-More's Ira M. Kay receivesUS Patent #D473,909 titled"Underbarrel shotgun."
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May: TACOM awards Colt a $411,095.27 contract option for 29 M4and 414 M4A1. These are intended for the US Army, USMC, andother Defense Agencies.


TACOM awards $2,385,250 out of a $4,770,500 contract to FNMI for1,363 M249.

WSESRB approves the safety release for the Mk 12 SPR.

NSWC-Crane, in support of the US Navy and USMC, issues a sourcessought announcement for COTS sources of 5.56 mm Dim TracerCartridges.

The British announce the adoption of the FN Minimi Para (L110A1)to replace many of its L86A2 LSW. The remaining LSW will be usedas a role similar to a Designated Marksman's Rifle. Sources indicate

that 2,472 weapons will be purchased, worth approximately 7.5million ($12.3 million).

Hellenic Arms Industry (EBO) signs a 10 million Euro contract withFN to license production of the Minimi. The Minimi are for the GreekSpecial Forces.

HK's Helmut Weldle and Gerd Spinner receiveUS Patent #6,564,492titled "Retractable Shoulder Stock."

SOPMOD PMO is ordered to plan yet another transformation underthe terms of the Joint Capabilities Integration and DevelopmentSystem (JCIDS). Likely, the SOPMOD PMO will become responsiblefor merely sustaining the existing M4A1, M203, and the contents ofthe SOPMOD kit as it currently stands, until its eventualreplacement. Planned SOPMOD accessory upgrades such as theEGLM, FMBS, MDNS, Shot Counter, and SCAR will turn into theirown independent programs, probably under the aegis of PM-SOFWeapons.

NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation to KAC for 70 apiece ofthe following items: M4 Flash Hiders, M4 Free Floating rail, M4-TwoStage Trigger, M4 Bipod Adapter, M4 Gas Block Adapter, AN/PAQ-4

Aiming Mount, Push-button swivels, and Free Floating RAS.

NAVICP awards KAC a $60,062 sole-source contract for M4-QDsuppressors.

The DOD's Inspector General begins its audit of the KAC sole-sourcesuppressor awards.

Magpul's Richard Fitzpatrick and Stephen Hines file another patentapplication for a modular adjustable buttstock (now marketed as the


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M93).

June: RDECOM assumes operational control of the AMC's variousresearch, development, and engineering centers, including ARDEC.

PEO-Soldier issues an acquisition decision memorandum that startsan acquisition program for the XM8 carbine. It also authorizes entryof the program into the System Development and Demonstrationphase. (However, PEO-Soldier did not have the proper authority tomake this decision as the Assistant Secretary of the Army(Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology) is the milestone decisionauthority for the OICW Program.) PEO-Soldier's memorandumfurther states that the XM8's four weapon variants and the exitcriteria for entry into production and deployment are based on theORD for the Future Combat Rifle. (Yet not even a draft of FutureCombat Rifle ORD exists at the time.)

TACOM reduces its February 2003 delivery order to FNMI from 5,631to 5,564 M16A4, deallocating $30,754.

Milestone C and the Fielding & Deployment Release (F&DR) areapproved for the Mk 12 SPR and Mk 262 cartridge.

AFSOC requests a safety release for the Mk 12 SPR and Mk 262cartridge from the Non-Nuclear Munitions Safety Board (NNMSB).

HQ, USASFC sends the memo "Advanced Rifle Cartridge (ARC)Research, Development and Requirements."

The Dismounted Battlespace Battle Lab and the 82nd AirborneDivision test four magnified optics for the M4 and M249 SAW,capable of use in both close quarters and at distances of more than500 meters. The information gathered will be evaluated by theDirectorate of Combat Development and be used to help establishthe requirements for a Multi-Purpose Optic.

TACOM awards Center Industries a $1,998,980 contract option forthe production of 254,000 M16 thirty round magazines. Later in themonth, a second contract option valued at $3,999,998.33 isawarded for 508,259 additional magazines.

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation to Trijicon for 1,088

TA01NSN ACOG scopes.

Aberdeen finishes developmental testing of the C-More LSS.

The Ontario Knife Company's Nicholas Trbovich, Jr. and KathylnSusan Green file a patent application for the cosmetic design of theUSMC Multi-Purpose Bayonet.

With the results of the Swiss testing, the NAAG's QRT recommendsNATO standardization of the FN 5.7x28mm cartridge. Predictably,


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the German delegation protests the recommendation, citing issueswith the Swiss trials and the QRT report. Foremost is the refusal totest HK's latest 4.6x30mm cartridge variant, optimistically namedthe "Ultimate Combat" round.

Development efforts for the XM25/XM29's low velocity 25mmcartridge and the XM307's high velocity 25mm cartridge arecombined. General Dynamics takes the lead position in joint ammodevelopment.

On behalf of the US Army, Frank J. Dindl files a patent applicationfor a non-lethal cartridge having sufficient energy for use, withoutmodification, in conventional self-loading firearms. One of theapplications mentioned is providing a non-lethal cartridge for thegrenade launcher of the OICW.

NSWC-Crane requests a safety release for the AN/PSQ-18 DNS fromWSESRB.

Summer: The US military accepts an improved extractor spring(NSN 1005-01-505-2886) for USSOCOM's M4A1 Carbine. It is lateraccepted for general use in the M4 and M4A1. (Note: This is not tobe confused with an earlier replacement extractor spring using thesame color spring insert (NSN 1005-01-424-5899), which wasadopted sometime in or around 1999.)

After shooting with USAMU members at the Army Championships,soldiers of the 1-15 INF, 3rd Infantry Division lobby unit commanderLTC John Charlton for a number of SDM rifles similar to thosedemonstrated by the USAMU. After testing a sample SDMR, LTCCharlton lobbies MG William Webster, Commanding General for the3ID, for permission to allow 1-15 INF to run a test program. WithMG Webster's approval, 22 issue M16A4 are sent to the USAMU forconversion to SDMR. Based on successful fielding and training in 1-15 INF, MG Webster's requests permission to field SDMR across thedivision.

July: During the XM8 critical design review, ATK lists the complianceconcerns it has with the XM8 family of four weapon variants. Insteadof complying with the previously negotiated specifications for the

system, HK recommends that the OICW Program Office change thespecifications to meet what HK planned to produce. In response, the

OICW Program Office agrees to modify the specifications toaccommodate ATK and HK's changes to the specifications.

TACOM awards a $697 contract modification to FNMI for M16A2.

NNMSB provides safety certification for the Mk 12 SPR and Mk 262cartridge.

TACOM awards a $1,807,911 contract modification to FNMI for1,363 M249. These are for the Army, USMC, and FMS.


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Wexford Group International (on behalf of the US Army's RapidEquipping Force) conducts tests on the Beta C-Mag with the 82nd

Airborne at Kandahar Airfield in Afghanistan. The field test isintended to evaluate the C-Mag as a back up for loose ammo, orwhen linked ammo is unavailable or in short supply. Its ultimategoal is to be an alternative to the link issue ammo. The results areonce again negative. While loading the magazines, there arenumerous jams, speed loaders break, and several magazines willnot accept the full capacity of ammunition. Once live firing begins,there are repeated weapon malfunctions. Failures to chamber anddouble feeds are the most common problems.

TACOM awards Okay Industries a $1,652,696.08 contract option forthe production of 277,298 M16 thirty round magazines.

TACOM awards Colt a $21,918 contract for M4A1 Reliability Kitreplacement parts. This comprises 1,300 H2 buffers.

MARCORSYSCOM issues a solicitation for 3,155 M203 QuadrantSight Spacers for use with the M16A4.

ARDEC awards a $240,975 contract to Tactical and RescueEquipment, LLC for 10,500 Weapon Flashlight Mounts (WFM).

NSWC-Crane notifies ARMS that its RIS II proposal has beendetermined unacceptable "due to operational unsuitability for eachof the four (SIR) configurations proposed." The SIR models wasdeemed unsuitable on two counts: all four models raised theoperator's line of sight, and none adequately provided for themounting of the M203 grenade launcher free of the carbine barrel.

The Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) issues a solicitation for 27MARS-IR reflex sights.

KAC's Reed Knight and Doug Olson receiveUS Patent #6,595,099titled "Multifunctional Firearm Muzzle Attachments."

Tonny Kaempe files a patent application for an improved bipod forthe M249.

MARCORSYSCOM, on behalf of the MCWL, issues a sole-source

solicitation to Simunition for 5.56mm FX marking cartridges. Aminimum of 306 cases of red cartridges will be ordered. Thissolicitation is in support of MCWL's Project Metropolis.

USAF Air Combat Command issues a sole-source solicitation to KACfor 5,014 M4 RAS, 600 M203 Leaf Sights, and 600 M203 QuickRelease Brackets.

Wright-Patterson AFB issues a solicitation for 688 KAC M203 QuickRelease Mounts.


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TACOM-ARDEC awards multiple contracts related to technologiesnecessary for the development of the LFWA.

Israel confirms the purchase of IMI Tavor rifles by the IDF. However,the delivery of the first batch of 15,000 Tavor is deferred untilcertain improvements are completed.

HK's Johannes Murello, Wilhelm Fischbach, and Helmut WeldlereceiveUS Patent #6,588,312 titled "Automatic Firearm with a Bolt

Assembly that Moves Between a Closed Position and an OpenPosition."

HK's Berthold Weichert and Gerhard Gielke receiveUS Patent#6,594,937 titled "Sighting Device for a Grenade Launcher Mountedon a Firearm."

August: LTC Matthew Clarke, Product Manager-Individual Weapons(PM-IW), announces an order of 200 XM8 for testing by ATEC.

TACOM awards Colt a $353,327.46 contract option for 378 M4 and 6M4A1.

TACOM awards a $104,278 contract modification to FNMI for 34M249.

TACOM-ARDEC issues a sole-source solicitation to Nammo for4,238,000 to 8,185,000 M995 AP cartridges.

SCAR Industry Week is held. The following firms attend: Armalite,Inc., Colt's Manufacturing Company, Diemaco, FN Herstal, Heckler &Koch, Inc, Israel Military Industries Ltd, Knight's ArmamentCompany, Lewis Machine & Tool Company, and Robinson ArmamentCompany.

NSWC-Crane releases "Draft Performance Specification: SOFCombat Assault Rifle Light." The caliber conversion requirementsfor the SCAR-L have been removed in favor of optimizing theweapon for the use of 5.56x45mm ammunition. (The proposedcaliber conversions, such as 7.62x39mm, are instead intended to be

passed along to the larger 7.62x51mm SCAR-H.) The SCAR-L is topossess the ability to interchange barrels to create three basic sub-

variants: a Close Quarters Combat (CQC) variant with a 9-12"barrel, a Standard (S) variant with a 13-16" barrel, and a SniperVersion (SV) with an 18-20" barrel. All of the barrels will be free-floating and interchangeable at the unit level (or userinterchangeable as an objective). The barrel lifetime requirementhas been increased to 15,000 rounds.

The Standard model will possess a multi-position collapsible orfoldable stock giving an overall weapon length of 33.6" extendedand 29.9" collapsed/folded (or less as an objective). It will weigh no
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more than 7.725 lbs unloaded (less than 6.6 lbs unloaded as anobjective). The multiple-position collapsible/folding stock will carryover to the CQC, but the SV will be equipped with a fixed stock withlimited adjustments for length of pull. They should use STANAG-4179 compliant magazines, but alternate magazine designs ofsimilar size would be considered if they offered a significantimprovement in reliability and durability. There is also an objectivefor a standard length, expanded capacity magazine, ideally offeringan 60 round capacity. A large emphasis is placed upon totallyambidextrous controls and use. Bullpup designs are ruled out.Accessory rails are to be integral, and the bottom handguard railneeds to be able to withstand the launching of a 40x46mm grenadefrom an attached EGLM.

KAC's Doug Olson receivesUS Patent #6,609,319 titled "BoltAssemblies for Firearms" andPatent #6,606,811 titled "FirearmMagazine with Improved Bolt Catch Actuator."

Remington reportedly begins "full" production of the 6.8x43mm SPC.

TACOM issues a sole-source solicitation to FNMI for 5,450 M249Short Barrels.

NAVICP awards KAC a $3,436,397 sole-source contract for 5,025M4-QD suppressors.

TACOM awards Okay Industries a $3,188,600 contract option for theproduction of 535,000 M16 thirty round magazines.

TACOM awards Center Industries a $4,071,505.15 contract optionfor the production of 517,345 M16 thirty round magazines.

TACOM awards Trijicon a $685,440 contract for 1,088 TA01NSNACOG scopes.

TACOM awards Colt a $135,863 contract for M4A1 Reliability Kitreplacement parts. This comprises 7,280 H2 buffers and 12,740improved extractor springs.

USASOC, Fort Bragg issues sole-source solicitation to Tactical andSurvival Specialties Inc. for 200 Simunition M4A1 flattop conversionkits.

Naval Special Warfare Group 2 issues a solicitation for 50 KAC M4RAS (including 9 handguard panels & forward pistol grip), 100 KAC200-600 meter flip up rear sights (BUIS), 50 KAC 300 meter flip uprear sights (BUIS), and 100 M4 QD Muzzle Compensator Kits.

NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation to Simunition for 90each M16A2 conversion kits and magazines.

USAF Materiel Command, Tinker AFB issues a solicitation for 353
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KAC M4 RAS and 110 KAC M203 Quick Release Mounts.

September: The Joint Operational Requirements Document (JORD)for the SCAR is approved.

USMC Ground Board 2-03 convenes to draft the POM-06 (ProgramObjective Memorandum) GCE Advocates Capabilities List (ACL).Among the issues defined as an essential requirement are the RifleCombat Optic and an automatic rifle replacement for the M249 inthe infantry squad.

MARCORSYSCOM announces its intent to negotiate a sole sourcecontract for 708 M4A1 Close Quarter Battle Weapons (CQBW) tosupport immediate Marine Corps Fleet Unit requirements.

TACOM awards a $2,336,600 delivery order to FNMI for 5,000M16A4. The order is for FMS to Yemen. Later, TACOM awards anadditional $17,442.76 delivery order for 38 M16A4.

TACOM awards Colt a $127,878.61 contract option for 139 M4. Laterin the month, another 354 M4 are added for $309,827.88.

The 3ID receives approval to acquire and field SDMR. The USAMUbegins construction of the required SDMR.

TACOM-ARDEC issues a RFI for COTS/NDI accessory shotguns whichcan meet the US Army's needs with only minor modifications, ormilitarized 12 Gauge Shotguns that can function in both stand-aloneand accessory capacities. The Accessory Shotgun shall be capable ofattachment to the M4/M16 series of weapons and the FutureCombat Rifle (FCR). It must use detachable magazines, weigh lessthan any current stand-alone shotgun, and maintain the ability tofire 2.75" and 3" lethal, non-lethal, and breaching ammunition. Thisshall be done without degrading accuracy, reliability, and durabilityof the weapon system (the accessory shotgun and the host weapon)from the baseline.

NSWC-Crane releases a pair of amendments to the MDNSsolicitation. Revised proposals are requested from specific offerorsfor the RIS II and the ECOS-C.

After a pre-award debriefing for RIS II, ARMS files a protest with the

GAO over the rejection of its four SIR models.

The DOD's Inspector General sends a memorandum to NSWC-Craneand NAVICP recommending that they cancel the August 2003suppressor award to KAC.

TACOM awards FN a 5-year contract for a minimum of 875 M249Collapsible Buttstocks. TACOM awards a $379,618.75 contractoption for 875 M249 Collapsible Buttstocks. This is followed by a$485,912 delivery order for 1,120 additional buttstocks.


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TACOM awards FNMI a $6,973,445.13 contract for 15,429 M249Short Barrels.

TACOM awards Center Industries a $20,485.61 contract option forthe production of 2,603 M16 thirty round magazines.

AFSOC, 16th CONS - Hurlburt Field issues a solicitation for 30 eachM4A1 and M9 Simunition FX conversion kits, 90 M4 conversion kitmagazines, FX marking cartridges, and spares.

On behalf of the US Navy, Michael M. Canaday and Mark R. WhalenreceiveUS Patent #6,622,415 titled "Compact and Self-Contained

Adjustable Sight Assembly."

NSWC-Crane releases draft copies of revised performancespecifications for the EGLM and a proposed EGLM OperationalRequirements Document (ORD) Annex to the main SOPMOD ORD.

NSWC-Crane issues a sole-source solicitation notice to LewisMachine and Tool (LMT) for 130 M203 grenade launchers equippedwith 9 inch barrels.

HK's Johannes Murello and Helmut Weldle receiveUS Patent#6,625,917 titled "Bolt Assembly for a Firearm."

TACOM-ARDEC issues a solicitation notice for an upcoming BroadAgency Announcement (BAA) regarding the development andsystem integration of a Small Arms Lightweight Family of Weaponsand Ammunition (LFWA). As the "lethality component" of theObjective Force Warrior (OFW) program, the LFWA program willinitially focus on the development of a lightweight machine gun andammunition. The primary goal is a reduction in volume and weight,ranging up to a 30 to 40 percent decrease over existing systems.The designs may use a "clean slate" approach with no concern givento backwards compatibility with existing weapons and ammunition.Two major demonstrations of the new LFWA system are currently

planned. The first will be a non-firing demo in mid FY06 to supportthe OFW Advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD). The seconddemonstration will be an operational live-fire assessment, scheduledfor late FY07. The program is projected to include three Phases:nine months for Phase 1, twenty-eight months for Phase 2, and five

months for Phase 3. Down-select criteria may be used for eitherPhases 2 or 3 if multiple awards are made.

Indonesia's military orders 5,000 Pindad SS-2 rifles. The SS-2 is alightweight, optic rail-only variant of the Pindad SS-1 (the domestic

production model of the FN FNC).

October: USSOCOM issues a solicitation for SCAR candidates,followed later in the month by revised copies of "DraftPerformance Specification: SOF Combat Assault Rifle Light"
http://patft

the 5.56 x 45mm - 2002 - 2003 - a chronology of development (part 14) - by daniel watters

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