The Adventures of Aeneas

Juliana Gines, Vaughan Hazeldine, James Lee,

Zack Murphy, & Hannah Raleigh

February 2014 ~ Block 3

Heroic Qualities Has a strong will and

knows what needs to get done

Protector Fearless, brave A great leader A strong warrior Persevering

Was hated by Juno because he was a Trojan

Got too attached to Queen Dido of Carthage

Selfish Apathetic in fulfilling

his fate

Flaws

The Journey of Aeneas

Escape from Troy and A Dream of Italy Aeneas was a top officer on the side of the

Trojans in the Trojan War, and was second in command, only behind Hector.

Escaped from Troy with the help of Venus after it was taken by the Greeks and helped many other Trojans escape as well. He got out his son and his father with the help of his mother (Venus).

Saw in a dream that he would settle in Hisperia (Italy)

Took a long voyage to Hisperia

Andromache, Helenus, and Good Advice As they were sailing, Aeneas and his crew

next encountered Hector’s widow, Andromache, who had been enslaved by Achilles’ son after the war.

After her captor’s death, Andromache married Helenus, the Trojan prophet. Helenus told Aeneas that he should land on the western coast of Italy, and gave him directions, even telling him how to avoid the dreadful Scylla and Charybdis.

Aeneas set sail once again.

Sicily and the Cyclopes Despite Helenus’s good advice, Aeneas still

managed to sail into Sicily, an island south of Italy, where a clan of murderous Cyclopes lived.

Escaped within seconds of being eaten, with help from a sailor from Odysseus’s crew who had been marooned by accident. The sailor told Aeneas and his crew to fly away from the island, as it was only way to escape.

Supernatural Intervention: Juno, Neptune, & Venus Juno was angry with the Trojans because Paris

chose Venus as the fairest. Juno got Aeolus (a wind god) to send a

gigantic storm toward the Trojans as they sailed away from Sicily.

Neptune stopped the storm from killing the Trojans and allowed them to dock in Carthage.

Venus helped Aeneas all along the way:• Venus realizee Juno’s plan to make Aeneas fall in love with Dido and had Cupid make Dido fall in love with Aeneas, not the other way around.

• To get into the underworld, Aeneas had to find a golden bough. Venus led them to the bough and they entered the Underworld.

Queen Dido of Carthage Aeneas and his crew landed in Carthage,

where Juno tried to get Aeneas to fall in love with Dido.

Venus realized this plan and had Cupid make Dido fall in love with Aeneas.

Aeneas enjoyed the luxuries and treatment of a royal and stayed in Carthage for awhile.• Jupiter then had Mercury

(the messenger god) urge Aeneas to leave Carthage and fulfill his destiny.

• As Aeneas pulled out of harbor, leaving an upset Dido, he saw smoke rising from the city. He did not know he was looking at Dido’s funeral pyre.

The Sibyl of Cumae & The Task Helenus had told Aeneas to find the prophetic

Sibyl of Cumae once he arrived in Italy. Sibyl said that she must take Aeneas to the

Underworld to meet the spirit of his father, Anchises, to get his advice.

To get into the Underworld, Aeneas had to find a golden bough in the forest.

The Underworld Aeneas brought the Sibyl of Cumae with him Used a golden bough from a tree in the forest

to gain access to the Underworld He sees the forms of Disease, Avenging Care,

Hunger, War, and Discord on the way down, as well as many spirits on the banks of the river.

He had Charon (undead ferryman) give him a ride across the river and he also gave a cake to Cerebus, the three headed dog, to make for a smooth descent.

Ghosts of the Past While on the way down, they passed the

Fields of Mourning, where Aeneas saw Dido. Upon arriving at a crossroads, Aeneas heard

the sounds of evil spirits being punished on the left, but saw the Elysian Fields on his right, where his father lived.

His father then showed Aeneas what their descendants would be like, and gave him advice on how to establish his new home (Rome) and how to deal with his upcoming hardships in winning the impending war.

Journey to Italy Made it out of the Underworld easily and then

sailed to Italy King Latinus of Latinum was told by the spirit

of his father to marry his daughter, Lavinia, to Aeneas. King Latinus welcomed Aeneas and his crew as friends.

Juno’s Wrath Juno sent Alecto, one of the Furies, to cause

many hardships for Aeneas. She made the Latins and the Rutulians

(another kingdom) oppose Aeneas.

Alecto’s Wrath Made Queen Amata, King Latinus’s wife,

oppose the marriage of Lavinia and Aeneas. Helped induce Turnus, the king of the

Rutulians, to wage war against the Trojans Tricked Ascanius, the son of Aeneas, to kill a

stag (male deer) that the farmers loved, which drove the farmers against the Trojans

Winning Lavinia? Because of the prophecy King Latinus

received from the spirit of his father, Latinus initially welcomed Aeneas and his crew with open arms.

However, Aeneas was not Lavinia’s only suitor. The most favored of these men was Turnus, king of the Rutulians, a neighboring kingdom of Latinum, making him Aeneas’s natural enemy.

Turnus also had other allies who aided him in trying to prevent the marriage of Aeneas and Lavinia.

Enemies: Turnus, Mezentius, & Camilla Turnus, Mezentius, and Camilla were all formidable

enemies which Aeneas had to overcome in order to win the hand of the princess Lavinia.

Turnus, king of the Rutulians and Lavinia’s most favored suitor, obviously did not want Lavinia to marry another man. Mezentius was the ex-king of the Etruscans, and ally of Turnus

against Aeneas and his Trojan army. He was a superb soldier, but so harsh that his subjects rose up in rebellion against him. He, in turn, fled to Turnus.

Camilla was another ally of Turnus. She was something of a mortal Diana (Artemis), who had been raised in the deep forest by her father and had been maneuvering a bow, sling, javelin, and ax since she was a toddler. She loved the battle and the chase, and was firmly set against marriage. She was followed by a group of warriors, along with several maidens.

Help from the Gods Neptune helped Aeneas and his crew when they were

sailing from the island of Sicily to the north coast of Africa. Juno had Aeolus, the King of the Winds, try to sink Aeneas’s ship, but Neptune stopped him. Neptune saw what Juno was trying to do, but it did not bode well with him to have her manipulate his domain. He calmed the sea and allowed Aeneas and his crew to reach land.

Venus spoke to Jupiter about his promise to her to make Aeneas, her son, the ancestor of a race that would one day rule the world. Jupiter reconfirmed his promise in order to mollify Venus.

Venus also summoned Cupid upon Aeneas’s arrival in Carthage. Queen Dido was known not to fall in love easily, so Venus used Cupid to make sure Dido would fall in love with him.

Help from the Gods (continued) On the day of Aeneas’s arrival in Carthage,

Venus disguised herself as a huntress and gave him directions to immediately seek the queen and request her help. She also put a protective mist around them (that they did not know was there) so they could walk without interference through the city until they found Dido.

When Aeneas had spent too long in Carthage with Dido, Jupiter sent Mercury (the messenger god) to him, telling him that he needed to get a move on, and to start seeking his destiny. Soon thereafter, Aeneas set sail out of Carthage.

Help from King Evander Father Tiber, god of the Tiber River, visited

Aeneas in a dream and told him to seek help from the small kingdom of Arcady. King Evander of Arcady gives Aeneas advice that helps him win the war – he tells Aeneas that he needs to enlist the help of the Etruscans, whose ex-king was working with Aeneas’s enemies. Because the Etruscans’ ex-king was so awful, they would be more than willing to help Aeneas bring him down.

Nisus and Euryalus They were two soldiers who were best friends

and fighting companions that tried to get a message to Aeneas

Fought for Aeneas They snuck through the enemy’s camp during

the night and killed any sleeping soldier that they saw

While they were leaving, they were then spotted and chased by their enemies

Nisus and Euryalus (continued) Euryalus got lost while in the woods and the

enemies found him Nisus then tried to rescue him and killed most

of the enemies The leader then killed Euryalus Nisus then killed the leader and then died

from his own wounds

Marriage to Lavinia & Gifts to the World After conquering Turnus in one-on-one

combat, Aeneas wins Lavinia’s hand in marriage.

Faunus’s (Latinus’s father’s) prediction came true. Aeneas and Lavinia founded the Roman race. According to the poet Virgil, the descendants of Aeneas and Lavinia left the world things like art and science, and also built an empire that left a legacy of fairness that “spared the humble and crushed the proud.” They were also destined to bring all the peoples of the earth under their empire.

Major Archetypes, Motifs,& Themes

The Fall While he was at Carthage, Aeneas had

everything that he needed, and was treated like royalty

He had to leave Carthage after Jupiter commanded him to, and had to go back to being a soldier

Rag to Riches Aeneas started out as a soldier who fled from

Troy after they were defeated, and had noting After his journey, he married Lavinia and

founded the Roman race

Character Archetpyes Aeneas – The Hero Juno – The

Villain/Shrew The Harpies – The

Villain The Cyclopes – The

Villain The Sibyl of Cumae –

The Wise Old Woman

Turnus, Mezentius, & Camilla – The Villains

Nisus and Euryalus – Complimentary Pairs

King Evander – The Wise Old Man

Setting Archetypes The Underworld – The Cave The River of the Dead – The River Sailing – The Sea Sicily – The Island

Other Archetypes and Motifs Juno, Neptune, the God of the Tiber River,

Jupiter, Venus, etc. – Supernatural Intervention Aeneas had to learn what to do from his father

– The Journey Aeneas winning the war – The Task The power of fate Prophecies and predictions

Story Summation Son of Venus A traveler He fought on the side of the Trojans in the Trojan War, and was

second in command, only behind Hector Escaped from Troy with the help of his mother after it was

captured by the Greeks and was followed by many Trojans. He got out his son and his father with the help of Venus

Saw in a dream that he would settle in Hisperia (Italy) He took a long voyage to Hisperia

Along the way, they encountered Hector’s widow, Andromache, who had married the Trojan prophet Helenus, who told Aeneas that he should land on the western coast of Italy and provided him with directions, including how to avoid the dire Scylla and Charybdis.

He found Sicily and the Cyclopes, from which an abandoned sailor of Odysseus’s told them to fly away from. Aeneas sailed into a storm caused by Juno, but that is calmed by Neptune.

Story Summation (continued) He sailed to Carthage (Africa), and met its

queen, Dido. Venus and Cupid made Dido fall in love with

Aeneas, but made sure he only accepted her gifts, but did not fall in love with her. He stayed for awhile and was treated like royalty.

Jupiter sent Mercury with a message to Aeneas to get a move on with his fate

Aeneas tries to sneak out, but word gets back to Dido. She confronts him and is upset, but he is set on leaving. As he pulled out of harbor, he saw smoke rising

from the city, not knowing that it was Dido’s funeral pyre.

Story Summation (continued) He went to Italy and found Sybil of Cumae. She

told him that he needed to go to the Underworld to see his father and get his advice, and that she would accompany him. But first, he had to retrieve a golden bough to gain admittance to the Underworld.

They passed many horrors on their way down, but made their way through with the golden bough. Aeneas saw Dido, but she refused to acknowledge him They found Anchises (Aeneas’s father), who told him

how to start his empire in Italy He came back to the surface and set sail

Story Summation (continued) He docked at the kingdom of Latinus, where he was warmly

received, due to the prophecy that the king’s daughter, Lavinia, was to marry a foreigner and found a race that rules the world

Juno made high-ranking officials, the Latins, and the Rutulians unhappy about the arrival of the Trojans. She also made Lavinia’s mother oppose marriage between Lavinia and Aeneas.

Turnus, leader of the Rutulians, was seen as the most worthy suitor of Lavinia, and was a natural opponent of Aeneas. Another enemy, Mezentius, fought under Turnus with ally Camilla.

Alecto (a Fury) continued to attempt to make Aeneas look bad. Also ran into conflicts with other kingdoms whose princes

wanted to marry Lavinia Nisus and Eurylus (on Aeneas’s side) were fighting companions

and when Eurylus put himself in danger and was about to be killed, Nisus sacrificed himself.

Story Summation They turned the war around by enlisting the

help of the Etruscans and won Aeneas married Lavinia and is considered the

founder of the Roman race. Our hero became much braver after his

adventures and became a much better warrior.

Aeneas learned that sometimes you have to give up the good things in order to do a better service to those around you and that follow you

Cultural Values and Lessons in Society The Romans valued war more than the Greeks

did because they were meant to rule the world.

You cannot change your fate. Not even the gods can change it, no matter how hard they try.

Regardless of all the challenges and tasks you may face in achieving your fate, you can never give up.

SENATUS POPULUSQUE ROMANUS