TheHarperAmericanLiterature

, SECOND, COMPACT EDITION

• Donald McQuadeUniversity of California, Berkeley

General Editor

• Robert AtwanSeton Hall University

• Martha BantaUniversity of California at Los Angeles

• Justin KaplanCollege of the Holy Cross

• David MinterRice University • • *

• Robert SteptoYale University .. .

• Cecelia TichiVanderbilt University

• Helen VendlerHarvard University

HarperCollins CollegePublishers

Contents

xxxiii Prefacexlvi Images of America

3 The Literature of the New World

3 Introduction5 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Amerigo Vespucci, "We Arrived

at a New Land"IO ' Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Captain John Smith, The Sea

Mark

12 Native American Literature: First Encounters

15 A Bering Strait Eskimo Creation Myth

16 The Time When There Were No People on the EarthPlain

18 An Onondaga Iroquois Creation Myth

19 - The. Manner in Which It Established Itself

29 Christopher Columbus (1451-1506)

31 The First Voyage: The West Indies31 [October 12, 1492] ,

32 Giovanni daVerrazzano (1485?-rl528)

33 Letter to the King33 [A New World] ;

vi Contents

42 Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca (ca. 1490-ca. 1557)

43 The Narrative of Alvar Nuiiez Cabeza de Vaca43 [The Faith Healers]

47 Pedro de Casteiieda (ca. 1510-ca. 1570)

49 The Narrative of the Expedition of Coronado49 [The Death of the Negro Estevan]

50 Powhatan (d. 1618)

51 Letter to Captain John Smith

52 Captain John Smith (1580-1631)

53 T h e Generall Historie of Virginia, N e w England,and the Summer Isles

53 Book III53 Chapter II: [Captain Smith's Captivity]

61 The Literature of Colonial America: 1620—1776

60 Introduction65 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: John Berryman, Homage to

Mistress Bradstreet68 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Robert Lowell, Mr.

Edwards and the Spider74 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: William Carlos Williams,

In the American Grain78 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: John Barth, The Sot-Weed

Factor

84 William Bradford (1590-1657)

87 Of Plymouth Plantation87 Of Their Voyage, and How They Passed the Sea; and

of Their Safe Arrival at Cape Cod90 Showing How They Sought Out'a Place of

Habitation; and What Befell Them Thereabout94 The Remainder of Anno 162094 [The Mayflower Compact]95 [The Starving Time]96 [Indian Relations]

Contents vii

99 John Winthrop (1588-1649)

101 A Model of Christian Charitie101 Christian Charitie

106 Anne Bradstreet (ca. 1612-1672)

109 The Prologue1 T 1 The Author to Her Booki n Before the Birth of O n e of Her Children112 T o My Dear and Loving Husband112 A Letter to Her Husband, Absent upon Public

Employment113 In Memory of My Dear Grandchild Elizabeth

Bradstreet, W h o Deceased August, 1665, Beinga Year and Half Old

114 T o My Dear Children '

117 Mary Rowlandson (ca. 1637-ca. 1710/11)

119 A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration ofMrs. Mary Rowlandson

150 Edward Taylor (ca. 1642-1729)

153 Preparatory Meditations153 Meditation 8 (First Series): [I kening through

Astronomy Divine]154 Preface to God's Determinations155 -Huswifery ,

15 6 Cotton Mather (1663-1728)

158 Magnalia Christi Americana158 • - The Life of William Bradford, Esq.164 The Life of His Excellency Sir William Phips, Knt.164 [The Rise to Wealth]

173 William Byrd 11(1674-1744)

174 . The History of the Dividing Line174 _ [The Great Dismal Swamp]

184 Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758)

186 Personal Narrative197 Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

208 Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

viii Contents

212 .The Autobiography

274 Native American Literature:The Myth of the Noble Savage

276 Seneca and Cherokee Oral History

278 The Unseen Helpers280 Hemp-Carrier

2 81 Samson Occom (1723-1792)

; 282 , A Sermon, Preached at the Execution of Moses, Paul, an Indian

290 Phillis Wheatley (ca. 1754-1784)

293 On the Death of the Rev. Mr. GeorgeWhitefield. 1770

,,294 On Being Brought from Africa to America295 To S.M. A Young African Painter, on Seeing

His Works. 296 • T o His Excellency General Washington

297 Black Petitions for Freedom

303 The Literature of the New Republic: 1776—1836

302 Introduction305.,, Cultural Landscapes and,Interiors:. Ethan Allen, Ethan Allen

Captures Fort Ticonderoga307 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Charles Brockden Brown,

"The Intellectual Soil of America Is Sterile"310 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Samuel Miller, Literature

and Commerce314 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Royall Tyler, The Contrast317 •'Cultural'Landscapes and Interiors: Timothy Flint, The

Backwoodsman318 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Col. David Crockett, Davy

Crockett's Legendary Shooting Match with Mike Fink

320 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Thomas Low Nichols, AnAmerican Education

322. Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Walter Channing,American Language and Literature

Contents ix

325 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors:;Emma Willard,On Female Education

328 Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)

331 The Declaration of Independence as Adopted byCongress

334 Notes on the State of Virginia334 Query V: Cascades334 [Natural Bridge]

3 35 Abigail Adams (1744-1818)

337 Letters to John Adams337 [March 31, 1776: The Passion for Liberty]339 [April 10, 1782: Service to Your Country]

342 Thomas Paine (1737-1809)

345 Common Sense345 • : Introduction346 Thoughts on the Present State of American Affairs352 The American Crisis352 Number I \

358 St. Jean deCrevecoeur (1735-1813)

360 Letters from an American Farmer360 Letter III: What Is an American?

375 Gustavus Vassa (Oloudah Equiano) (1745-1801)

376 The Interesting Narrative of the Life of OloudahEquiano

376 [Chapter II:] Kidnapping and Enslavement

386 The Federalist

389 No. 10 [James Madison]

394 Philip Freneau (1752-1832)

397 The Wild Honey Suckle398 The Indian Burying Ground399 On Mr. Paine's Rights of Man

400 Native American Literature: "Westward theCourse of Empire"

x Contents

403 William Apes (1798-?)

404 A Son of the Forest404 Chapter 1405 Chapter 2

407 Washington Irving (1783-1859)

413 The Sketch Book413 The Author's Account of Himself415 Rip Van Winkle427 The Legend of Sleepy Hollow

447 James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)

455 Preface to The Leather-Stocking Tales457 The Deerslayer457 Chapter VII [The Commencement of a Career in

Forest Exploits]469 The Pioneers469 Chapter XXXIII [Not Guilty with a Clean

Conscience]479 The Prairie479 Chapter XXXIV [I Die, As I Have Lived]

488 Sarah Grimke and Angelina Grimke (1792-1873,1805-1879)

489 Appeal to the Christian Women of the South

510 William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878)

514 Thanatopsis516 To a Waterfowl517 The Yellow Violet518 The Prairies521 Abraham Lincoln

523 The Literature of the American Renaissance: 1836-1865

523 Introduction527 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: George Ripley,

"The Supremacy of Mind over Matter" y529 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: "Our Intellectual Declara-

tion of Independence"

Contents xi

532 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Thomas H. Palmer, "TheWhole School Was in an Uproar"

533 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Henry James, "The ColdComfort of a Literary Discourse"

535 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Mark Twain, "The Voiceof the Doubter Was Not Heard in the Land"

537 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Joaquin Miller, "GreatDeeds Away out Yonder"

538 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: President James K. Polk,"A Surprising Change"

543 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Abraham Lincoln, "MyParamount Object in This Struggle"'

544 John Pendleton Kennedy (1795-1870)

546 Swallow Barn546 II: A Country Gentleman

549 Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)

558586

5996 1 1

629

644660

661

661

663664666

NatureThe American ScholarAn AddressSelf-RelianceThe PoetExperienceConcord HymnThe RhodoraThe ProblemThe Snow-stormHamatreyaDays

666 Margaret Fuller (1810-1850)

672 American Literature

680 Henry DavidThoreau (1817-1862)

686 Walden767 Resistance to Civil Government

782 Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)

788 Ligeia800 The Fall of the House of Usher813 The Murders in the Rue Morgue837 The Black Cat843 The Imp of the Perverse

xii Contents

848

856

857860

863

; .864

872

885

. .895904

. - 924

928

954

9691026

1082

1082

1083

1084

1085

1085

1085

IO86

1089

1093

1094

1097.

The Philosophy of CompositionTo HelenThe RavenUlalume—a BalladAnnabel Lee

Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)

My Kinsman, Major MolineuxYoung Goodman BrownThe Minister's Black VeilRappaccini's Daughter

Herman Melville (1819-1891)

Bartleby, the Scrivener; A Tale of Wall StreetThe Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus ofMaidsBenito Cereno •Billy Budd, SailorBattle Pieces and Aspects of the War

The PortentA Utilitarian'View of the Monitor's FightShiloh • :'

Timoleon, Etc.MonodyA r t - ' •

John GreenleafWhittier (1807-1892)

Massachusetts to VirginiaIchabodSkipper Ireson's RideTelling the Bees

1099 Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896)

1102 Uncle Tom's Cabin1102 Showing the Feelings of Living Property

on Changing Owners

1109 Harriet Ann Jacobs (1813-1897)

1112 Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl1112 Chapter 1: Childhood11 i 5 Chapter 6: The Jealous Mistress1119 Chapter 10: A Perilous Passage in the Slave Girl's Life1123 Chapter 16: Scenes at the Plantation1129 Chapter 21: The Loophole of Retreat

Contents

1132 Chapter 41: Free at Last

1137 Thomas Bangs Thorpe (1815-1878)

1138 The Big Bear of Arkansas

1148 Frederick Douglass (1818-1895)

1151 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an. American Slave

1216 Mary Boy kin Miller Chesnut (1823-1886)

1218 A Diary from Dixie

1222 Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)

1223 Address Delivered at the Dedicationof the Cemetery at Gettysburg

1224 Second Inaugural Address

1225 Rebecca Harding Davis (1831-1910)

1227 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Two Ways of Looking

| at War1228 Life in the Iron-Mills

1253 Walt Whitman (1819-1892)

11258 Leaves of Grass [1891-1892]1258 ' Preface to the 1855 Edition of Leaves of Grass1272 Inscriptions1272 One's-Self I Sing1272 I Hear'America Singing1273 Song of Myself1319 Children of Adam131.9• ' • ' I Sing the Body Electric

"1325- '• • Once I Pass'd Through a Populous City: 1326 •: Facing West'from California's Shores1326 '' As Adam Early in the Morning'1326 • Calamus' • .1326' I Saw in Louisiana a Live-Oak Growing1327 ' Here the Frailest Leaves of Me1327 Crossing Brooklyn Ferry1332' : '••' Sea Drift ' •1332 Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking1337" By the Roadside1337 When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer1337 The Dalliance of the Eagles1338 Drum-Taps

xiv Contents

1338 Beat! Beat! Drums!1338 Cavalry Crossing a Ford1339 Vigil Strange I Kept on the Field One Night1339 A March in the Ranks Hard-Prest, and the Road

Unknown1340 A Sight in Camp in the Daybreak Gray and Dim1341 The Wound-Dresser1343 Reconciliation1343 Memories of President Lincoln1343 When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd1350 Autumn Rivulets1350 There Was a Child Went Forth1352 Passage to India13 59 The Sleepers1366 Whispers of Heavenly Death1366 A Noiseless Patient Spider1366 From Noon to Starry Night1366 To a Locomotive in Winter1367 Songs of Parting1367 . So Long!1369 Democratic Vistas1369 [American Democracy]1375 [A National Literature]

1383 Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)

1386 67: [Success is counted sweetest].1387 185: ["Faith" is a fine invention]1387 213: [Did the Harebell loose her girdle]1387 214: [I taste a liquor never brewed—]1388 216: [Safe in their Alabaster Chambers—]1388 [Draft 1]1388 [Draft 2]1389 241: [I like a look of Agony,]1389 258: [There's a certain Slant of light,]1390 280: [I felt a Funeral, in my Brain,]1390 288: [I'm Nobody! Who are you?]1391 303: [The Soul selects her own Society—]1391 324: [Some keep the Sabbath going to Church—]1391 338: [I know that He exists.]1392 341: [After great pain, a formal feeling comes—]1392 401: [What Soft—Cherubic Creatures—]1393 435: [Much Madness is divinest Sense—]1393 441: [This is my letter to the World]1394 448: [This was a Poet—It is That]1394 449: [I died for Beauty—but was scarce]

Contents xv

1395 465: [I heard a Fly buzz—when I died—]1395 501: [This World is not Conclusion.]!396 536: [The Heart asks Pleasure—first—]1396 585: [I like to see it lap the Miles—]1397 • 632: [The Brain—is wider than the Sky—]1397 640: [I cannot live with You—]1398 650: [Pain—has an Element of Blank—]J399 657: [I dwell in Possibility—]1399 664: [Of all the Souls that stand create—]1400 670: [One need not be a Chamber—to be

Haunted—]1400 709: [Publication—is the Auction]1401 712: [Because I could not stop for Death—]1402 721: [Behind Me—dips Eternity—]1402 754: [My Life had stood—a Loaded Gun—]1403 764: [Presentiment—is that long Shadow—on the •

Lawn]1403 986: [A narrow Fellow in the Grass]1404 1052: [I never saw a Moor—]1404 1071: [Perception of an object costs]1405 1078: [The Bustle in a House]1405 .1100: [The last Night that She lived]1406 1129: [Tell all the Truth but tell it slant—]1406 1282; [Art thou the thing I wanted?]1406 [Draft 1]1406 [Draft 2]1407 1540: [As imperceptibly as Grief]1407 1545: [The Bible is an antique Volume—]1408 1624: [Apparently with no surprise]1408 1651: [A Word made Flesh is seldom]1409 1732: [My life closed twice before its close—]1409 1755: [To make a prairie it takes a clover and one

bee,]1409 1760: [Elysium is as far as to],1410 To Austin Dickinson—October 17, 1851 [How

glad I am you are well]1410 To Susan Gilbert Dickinson—late April 1852 [So

sweet and still]1412 To Susan Gilbert Dickinson—June 27, 1852 [Susie,

will you indeed]1413 •. To an Unknown Recipient—about 1861 [If you

saw a bullet hit a Bird]1415 To T. W. Higginson—April 15, 1862 [Say if my

Verse is]1415 To T. W. Higginson—April 25, 1862 [Thank you

for the]

xvi Contents

1417 To T. W. Higginson—June 7, 1862 [Will you bemy]

1418 To T. W. Higginson—July 1862 [My Business isCircumference]

1419 To Susan Gilbert Dickinson—early October 1883[The Vision of]

1419 • To Susan Gilbert Dickinson1—about 1884 [Morningmight Come]

1420 To T. W. Higginson—spring 1886 [I have beenvery ill,] •

1421 From T. W. Higginson to his wife—August 17,1870

1425 The Literature of an Expanding Nation: 1865—1912

1425 Introduction1426 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Mark Twain, The Revised

Cathechism' • ' • • •

1427 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Andrew Carnegie, "A

• • Bread-Winner in the Family"- 1433 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Bret Harte, "A Streak of

Bad Luck"1435 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Henry James, The Real and

' the Romantic1438- Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Henry James, "The Appeal

of a Particular Type of Dauntless Power"•• 1438 ' Cultural Landscapes and Interiors': Max Weber, New York

City Viewed from Brooklyn Bridge1439 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: E.E. Cummings, New

York City Harbor1439 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: President William McKin-

ley and "Mr. Dooley" (Finley Peter Dunne), "Civilize andChristianize Them"

1440 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Emma Lazarus, The NewColossus

1446 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Thomas Beer, "Why Don'tAll These Ladies Do Something?"

: -1459 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: William James, The Streamof Thought

1461 Native American Literature: Assimilation anda Reemerging Tradition

Contents xvii

1463 Seattle (1786-1866)

1464 "Our People Are Ebbing Away" Like a RapidlyReceding Tide _r -

1467 Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins (1844-1891)

1468 Life Among the Piutes1468 First Meeting of Piutes and Whites

1471 Mark Twain (1835-1910)

1475 The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County1479 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: "Excite the Laughter of

'• God's Creatures"1479 Old Times on the Mississippi1479 •• ["©ne Permanent :Ambition"]1482 . [A "Cub" Pilot's Experience; or, Learning the River]

Adventures of Huckleberry F i n n — A centennialedition, edited by Hamlin Hill, is published with

• rthis volume •• :.

1490 The Story of a Speech ,*1497 Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offenses1506 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors; "A Difference of Opinion'1506 Corn-Pone Opinions

1510 William Dean Howells (1837-1920)

1515 Criticism and Fiction1515 [Realism and the Common Man]

. 1518 . [The Nature of American Fiction]1522 Editha

1532 Henry Adams (1838^-1918)

1.536 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Higher Education1537 The Education of Henry Adams1537 The Dynamo and-the Virgin (1900)

1545 Henry James (1843-1916)

1550 The Beast in the Jungle•1580 • Daisy Mi l le r • " '. •

1625 Cultural Landscapes arid Interiors: Harbour of Refuge1626 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: American Innocence Lost

xviii Contents

1626 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: American Negations andAdditions

1627 Alice James (1848-1892)

1629 The Diary of Alice James1629 [May 31, 1889]1629 [July 12, 1889]1630 [June 18, 1890]1630 . [July 28, 1890]1630 [October 26, 1890]1631 [May 31, 1891]1632 [March 4, 1892]1632 [March 5, 1892: Final Entry by Katherine P. Loring]

1633 George Washington Cable (1844-1925)

1634 Belles Demoiselles Plantation

1646 Joel Chandler Harris (1848-1908)

1647 Uncle Remus1647 The Wonderful Tar-Baby Story

1649 Sarah Ornejewett (1849-1909)

1650 A White'Heron

1657 Kate Chopin (1851-1904)

1659 The Awakening

1750 Mary E. Wilkins Freeman (1852-1930)

1751 A New England Nun

1760 Booker T. Washington (1856-1915)

1762 Up from Slavery1762 The Struggle for an Education

1769 Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935)

177-1- The Yellow Wallpaper

1782 Edith Wharton (1862-1937)

1785 The Other Two .1799 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Henry James Reads

. Whitman

Contents xix

1800 W E. B. Du Bois (1868-1963)

1.802 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Double Consciousness andthe American Negro

1803 The Souls of Black Folk1803 Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others1812 Of the Black Belt

1823 Edwin Arlington Robinson (1869-1935)

1825 Richard Cory1825 Miniver Cheevy1826 Eros Turannos1828 Mr. Flood's Party

1829 Stephen Crane (1871-1900)

1833 The Open Boat1850 The Blue Hotel1869 The Black Riders and Other Lines1869 [I looked here/I looked there]1869 [I saw a man pursuing the horizon;]1870 [Many red devils ran from my heart]1870 War Is Kind

1870 Theodore Dreiser (1871-1945)

1874 He Got a Ride

1877 Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906)

1878 : Frederick Douglass1880 We Wear the Mask1881 Sympathy

1882 Jack London (1876-1916)

. 1883 To Build a Fire

1897 The Literature of Modernism: Prose / 1912—1940

1897 Introduction1898 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Frederick Jackson Turner,

"This Vast Shaggy Continent"

xx Contents

1899 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: F. Scott Fitzgerald, "TheEast Was Haunted for Me"

1900 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Henry Roth, I Pray TheeAsk No Questions. This Is That Golden Land

1901 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: H. L. Mencken, The Ageof the American Novel

1903 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: William March, "The Fateof Honor, Courage, and Patriotism"

1907 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: F. Scott Fitzgerald, " 'TheRise of the Colored Empires'" ;

1908 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors:-Langston Hughes, "TheRoad of the Serious Black Artist" ,

1909 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Edward Earl Purington, BigIdeas for Big Business

1910 .Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: "The Debacle of Idealism"1912 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Edmund Wilson, "The

Literary Delirium"1913 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Langston Hughes, "Some-

thing Has Got to Change in America"1915 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Lionel Trilling, "The

' Modem Self

1916 Ellen Glasgow (1873-1945)

1918 ' The Difference •

1933 Willa Cather (1873-1947)

1935 Neighbour Rosicky

1955 Gertrude Stein (1874-1946)

1960 Ada1961 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Life Magazine, August 23

and30, 1917, Cubist Poems ...

1962 Susan Keating Glaspell (1876-1948)

1963 Trifles

1975 Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941)

1 9 7 8 ' T h e E g g ' - • • • . •

1984 AnziaYezierska (18807-1970)

1986 America and I ,

1993 KatherineAnne Porter (1890-1980)

Contents xxi

1993 KatherineAnne Porter (1890-1980)

1995 The Jilting of Granny Weatherall

2002 Zora NealeHurston (ca. 1891-1960)

2004 The Gilded Six-bits

Their Eyes Were Watching God—An optional novelavailable in a package with this volume

2012 Jean Toomer (1894-1967)

2014 Cane2014 Blood-Burning Moon

2020 F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940)

2024 Winter Dreams . .

203 9 William Faulkner (1897-1962)

2044 Spotted Horses2056 That Evening Sun

2068 Marita Bonner (1899-1971)

2069 On Being Young^^a Woman—and Colored

2073 Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961)

2078 Soldier's Home

2083 Langston Hughes (1902-1967)

2085 Slave on the Block2091 The Blues I'm Playing

21 o 1 Richard Wright (1908-1960) ..

2104 Long Black Song2121 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: The Flow of Wisdom

'Native ; S o n — A n optional novel available in a packagewith this volume • . . •. ;

Contents

2123 The Literature of Modernism: Poetry / 1912—1940

2123 Introduction2127 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Ezra Pound, American

Scenes2130 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: William Carlos Williams

• - - and Wallace Stevens, "A Machine Made of Words"

2131 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Hart Crane, "I AmConcerned with the Future of America"

2132 Robert Frost (1875-1963)

2135 The Pasture2136 Mending Wall2137 The Road Not Taken2137 The Oven Bird2138 Birches2139 Fire and Ice .2140 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening2140 Once by the Pacific2141 Desert Places2141 Design ' .2142 The Most of It2142 The Gift Outright2143 Directive2144 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: The Figure a Poem Makes

2145 Carl Sandburg (1878-1967)

2147 Chicago2148 Fog2148 Cool Tombs2149 Grass

2149 Wallace Stevens (1879-1955)

2152. Sunday Morning :2156 Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird2158 Anecdote of the Jar2158 The Snow Man2159 The Idea of Order at Key West2161 The Plain Sense of Things2161 The Course of a Particular2162 Of Mere Being2162 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: "What Is the

Poet's Function?"

Contents xxiii

2163 Georgia Douglas Johnson (1880-1966)

2164 The Heart of a Woman2164 Smothered Fires2165 Motherhood2165 I Want to Die While You Love Me

2166 William Carlos Williams (1883-1963)

2169 The Young Housewife2169 Danse Russe2170 Portrait of a Lady2171 Queen Anne's Lace2171 Spring and All2172 The Red Wheelbarrow2172 This Is Just to Say2173 The Yachts

2174 Ezra Pound (1885-1972)

2180 The River-Merchant's Wife: A Letter2181 A Pact2181 In a Station of the Metro2181 Hugh Selwyn Mauberley (Life and Contacts)2181 I: E.P. Ode pour l'Election de Son Sepulchre2182 If

2183 III

2184 ' IV

2184 V

2185 The Cantos2185 I ("And then went down to the ship,")2187 .XLV("Wi.th Usura")

2189 H.D. (Hilda Doolittle) (1886-1961)

2190 Sea Rose2191 Oread2191 Helen

2192 Robinson Jeffers (1887-1962)

2195 Boats in a Fog2195 Hurt Hawks

2196 Marianne Moore (1887-1972)

2199 Poetry2200 The Fish

xxiv Contents

2201 A-Grave. '•2202 No Swan So Fine2203 Nevertheless

2204 T. S. Eliot (1888-1965)

2208 The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock2212 . Sweeney Among the Nightingales2213 Gerontion2215 The Waste Land2235 Four Quartets2235 Burnt Norton2240 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Tradition and the

Individual Talent

2240 John Crowe Ransom (1888-1974)

2242 Bells for John Whiteside's Daughter2242 Here Lies a Lady2243 Piazza Piece2243 The Equilibrists

2245 Edna St. Vincent Millay (1892-1950)

2247 Euclid alone has looked on Beauty bare2247 Love is not all: it is not meat nor drink

2248 E. E. Cummings (1894-1962)

2250 [in Just-]2251 [the Cambridge ladies who live in furnished souls]2251 ["next to of course god america i]2252 [my sweet old etcetera]2252 [I sing of Olaf glad and big]2254 [anyone lived in a pretty how town]2255 [pity this busy monster,manunkind,]2255 [l(a]

2256 Hart Crane (1899-1932)

2258 Black Tambourine :2258 Chaplinesque2259 At Melville's Tomb2260 Voyages2264 The Bridge (selections)2264 To Brooklyn Bridge '2266 The Dance2269 Atlantis

Contents xxv

2272 Allen Tate (1899-1979)

2274 Ode to the Confederate Dead

2276 Sterling A. Brown (1901-1989)

2278 Ma Rainey• '2279 Slim in Hell

2283 Remember ing Nat Turner

2284 Langston Hughes (1902-1967)

2286 The Negro Speaks of Rivers2286 The Weary Blues2287 I, Too2288 Dream Boogie2289 Theme for English B2291 Deferred2292 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Tlie Negro Artist and the

Racial Mountain

2293 Countee Cullen (1903-1946)

2294 Yet'Do I .Marvel2294 Incident2295 Heritage

2298 Helene Johnson (1907-?)

2299 Sonnet to a Negro in Harlem2299 What Do I Care for Morning .2300 Remember Not2300 Invocation

2303 The Literature of Postwar America: Prose /1940—1975

2303 I n t r o d u c t i o n ' ' • ' . . ,

2305 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Larry McMurtry, "TheSmall Towns Wither" " i'

2307 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: .Gerald Reitlinger, "Ashesin the Stream of the Sola"

2308 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Elie Wiesel, "But I HadNo More Tears"

2309 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: John Hersey, "ATremendous Flash of Light"

xxvi Contents

2310 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Ferdinand Lundberg andMarynia Farnham, Modern Women and the Lost Sphere ofCreative Nurture

2313 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Joan Peyser, Rock and Roll2315 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Malcolm X, "The Racist

Cancer in the Body of America"

2317 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Claude Brown, "TheseDisillusioned Colored Pioneers" . -

2318 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Robert Conot, Of Bloodand Darkness

2320 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Michael Hen, "So ManyCasualties"

2321 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Joan Didion, Legacies of theBeat Generation

2322 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Tom Wolfe, "Amid thePeaceful Houston Elms"

2323 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Allen Ginsberg, "AFarewell to All the Promises of America"

2326 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Ken Kesey, The Age of theCombine

2328 EudoraWelty (b. 1909)

2330 Why I Live at the P.O1

2338 John Cheever (1912-1982)

2340 The Fourth Alarm

2343 Tillie Olsen (b.1913)

2345 I Stand Here Ironing

2351 Ralph Ellison (1914-1994)

2353 The Battle Royal

2363 Saul Bellow (b. 1915)

2365 Looking for Mr. Green

2379 Arthur Miller (b. 1915)

'2381 Death of a Salesman

2453 HisayeYamamoto (b. 1921)

.• .2454 Seventeen Syllables

Con ten ts xxvii

2463 Norman Mailer (b. 1923)

2465 The Armies of the Night2465 History As a Novel: The Steps of the Pentagon2465 Toward a Theater of Ideas

2475 James Baldwin (1924-1987)

2477 Sonny's Blues

2499 Flannery O'Connor (1925-1964)

2501 A Good Man Is Hard to Find

2512 John Updike (b. 1932)

2514 ; Separating •

2521 Philip Roth (b. 1933)

2523 The Conversion of the Jews

2534 Ernest Gaines (b. 1933)

2535 The Sky Is Gray -

2556 N. Scott Momaday (b. 1934)

2557 House"Made of Dawn2557 The'Priest of the Sun

2567 The Literature of Postwar America: Poetry / 1940—1975

2567 Introduction2568 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Robert Lowell, Confessional

Poetry2570 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Allen Ginsberg, The Long

Line2573 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Adrienne Rich, The Voice

of Women2575 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Hart Crane, "The Inroads

of Science"

2577 Theodore Roethke (1908-1963)

2579 My Papa's Waltz

xxviii Contents

25792580

Elegy for JaneThe Waking

2581 Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979)

2582 The Fish2584 At the Fishhouses .2586 Questions of Travel

2588 Robert Hay den (1913-1980)

2590 Homage to the Empress of the Blues2590 Those Winter Sundays2591 A Letter from Phillis Wheatley

2592 Randall Jarrell (1914-1965)

2594 The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner2594 The Woman at the Washington Zoo

2595 Robert Lowell (1917-1977)

2598 Skunk Hour2600 For the Union Dead

2602 Gwendolyn Brooks (b. 1917)

2604 A Street in Bronzeville2604 Kitchenette Building2605 Negro Hero2606 A Bronzeville Mother Loiters in Mississippi

2610 Richard Wilbur (b. 1921)

2611 Love Calls Us to the Things of This World26122613

PlayboyThe Writer

2614 Denise Levertov (b. 1923)

2615 The Ache of Marriage2615 O Taste and See2616 Where Is the Angel?

2617 Allen Ginsberg (b. 1926) ^

2619 Howl1

2624 A Supermarket in California2625 America

2627 John Ashbery (b. 1927)

Contents xxix

2630 The One Thing'That Can Save America•2631 Pyrography

2633 One Coat of Paint

2634 James Wright (1927-1980)

'2635 A Note Leftiin Jimmy Leonard's Shack2636 At the Executed Murderer's Grave2639 Autumn Begins in Martins Ferry, Ohio2639 Lightning Bugs Asleep in the Afternoon

2640 Philip Levine (b. 1928)

2641 Coming Home2642 They Feed They Lion2643 You Can Have It

2644 Anne Sexton (1928-1975)

, 2645 , Her Kind .2646 The Truth the Dead Know2647 Self in 1958 • • . .2648 For My Lover, Returning to His Wife

2649 Adrienrie Rich (b. 1929)

2651 Living in Sin • • '•<••'• .-•-2652 Necessities of Life2653 Diving into the Wreck".2656 . The Ninth Symphony of Beethoven

Understood at Last as a Sexual Message

2656 Sylvia Plaih (1932-1963)

2658 Black Rook in Rainy Weather2659 Ar^el2660 Lady Lazarus2663 Death & Co. • •..:.< ,

2667 The Literature of Contemporary America: Prose

2667 Introduction' 2669 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: 'Newsweek, April 15,

1985, The War that Won't Go Away2669 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Benjamin DeMott, Did the

IQ6OS Damage Fiction?2673 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Susan Sontag, "Something

Went Dead; Something Is Still Crying"

Xxx Contents

2674 Cultural Landscapes and Interiors: Ralph Ellison, Minoritiesand the Emerging Image of the American

2675 Toni Morrison (b. 1931)

2676 Song of Solomon. 2676 [The North Carolina Mutual. Life Insurance Agent]

2686 Joyce Carol Oates (b. 1938)

2688 Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?

2700 Raymond Carver (1939-1988)

2701 What We Talk About When We Talk About Love

2709 Bobbie Ann Mason (b. 1940)

2711 S h i l o h , . ' • . . . - •

2721 Maxine Hong Kingston (b. 1940)

2722 The Woman Warrior2722 No.Name Woman

2730 Max Apple (b. 1941)

2732 Bridging

2738 Tim O'Brien (b. 1946)

2739 The Things They Carried

2751 Leslie Marmon Silko (b. 1948)

2752 Storyteller

2763 Louise Erdrich (b. 1954)

2764 Scales

2773 Helena Maria Viramontes (b. 1954) _

2774' The'Cariboo Cafe ' :

2787 The Literature of Contemporary America: Poetry

2787 Introduction

2790 Derek Walcott (b, 1930)

Contents xxxi

2791 A Far Cry from Africa2792 The Sea Is History

2794 Mary Oliver (b. 1935)

2796 The Sun2797 When Death Comes

2798 Michael S. Harper (b. 1938)

2799 Dear John, Dear Coltrane2800 Peace on Earth

2802 Dave Smith (b. 1942)

2803 On a Field Trip at Fredricksburg2805 Cumberland Station

2807 Wendy Rose (b. 1948)

2808 To some few Hopi ancestors2809 Vanishing point: Urban Indian

2810 Jorie Graham (b. 1951)

2811 The Geese2812 Mind

2813 Joy Harjo (b. 1951)

2814 The Woman Hanging From The Thirteenth FloorWindow

2816 New Orleans

2818 Alberto Rios (b. 1952)

2819 Lost on September Trail, 19672821 Mi Abuelo

2822 Rita Dove (b. 1952)

2823 Dusting2824 Mississippi

2824 Cathy Song (b. 1955)

2825 Lost Sister2827 The White Porch

2829 Acknowledgments2837 Index