The American Vision

Founding Documentsand

The American Revolution

Bell Questions Name one of the sticking points of the Constitutional Convention. how many representatives in Congress to

allow each state What was one patriotic group that was

formed to fight the controls of Great Britain? Sons of Liberty or the Daughters of Liberty.

Which of the original thirteen states did not take part in the constitutional convention? Rhode Island

How many signatures are there on the Declaration of Independence?

56

When were the Articles of Confederation adopted? in 1781

What was written to win ratification for the Constitution in New York. The Federalists (Papers)

What branch of government takes up the largest portion of the Constitution? The Legislative

This Constitutional plan favored small states and wanted representation to be equal. The New Jersey Plan

What YEAR was the Declaration of Independence signed? 1776

What war ultimately lead us to Revolution? French and Indian war… AKA ???? Excr!

What was the Mayflower Compact? The first government and laws of the New

Colony. Who was the French and Indian war

between? French and British

How many people signed the Mayflower Compact? 41

Before Virginia would allow a constitution to be passed, they first had to pass what? The Virginia Declaration of Rights

How many states had to agree to be able to amend the Articles of Confederation? all 13 states

What is the primary law of the United States? The Constitution

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Quote of the Day

"We must all hang together, or, assuredly, we shall all hang separately."  Benjamin Franklin at the signing of

the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776

No people will tamely surrender their Liberties, nor can any be easily subdued, when knowledge is diffused and Virtue is preserved. On the Contrary, when People are universally ignorant, and debauched in their Manners, they will sink under their own weight without the Aid of

foreign Invaders. Samuel Adams

“Everything that is right or reasonable pleads for separation. The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of nature cries, 'tis time to part.” Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776

"We base all our experiments on the

capacity of mankind for self-government." 

James Madison If Virtue & Knowledge are diffused

among the People, they will never be enslav'd. This will be their great Security.

Samuel Adams, letter to James Warren, February 12, 1779

No taxation without representation

James Otis

DDDDDDDd

This Day in History??

Anyone? Anyone?

Agenda Bells Reminder about Map!!! Test will be

the 5th of September (Thursday next week)

First Bell Quiz and Test this Thursday Notes Review close

map

Notes :Founding Documents

Mayflower Compact Signed by All 41 adult males of the

Mayflower First written laws for the new land

and guidelines for a government. 1620-1691

Notes

Free of English law A government from within

themselves -written by those to be governed

Notes Many refer to the Mayflower Compact as the foundation of the U.S. Constitution written more than 150 later.

It is a very religious document.

NotesVirginia Declaration of Rights

Written in early 1776 Inherent rights of men right to rebel against

"inadequate” government “the basis and foundation of

government" in Virginia.

Kings

Notes

Revolution To pay for the French and Indian War, Great Britain begins to tax the colonies more heavily.

French and Indian War??

French and Indian War Map in Motion

Declaring Independence!

Lets get thinking!

Why did the colonist become angry with Britain?

When is it acceptable to rebel against a government?

Notes: The French and Indian War leaves Britain

deeply in debt Britain feels the colonies should help pay for

the cost. The Proclamation of 1763

King proclaims no settlements west of the Appalachians.

Done in efforts to stop fighting with Native Americans

Stamp Act 1765

Notes Colonists united in their opposition to the

controls and formed patriotic groups such as the Sons of Liberty / Daughters of Liberty.

Colonists protested with pamphlets, demonstrations, boycotts, and even violence.

Objecting to the Stamp Act, representatives from nine colonies filed a declaration stating that only colonists' political representatives had the right to tax them.

Notes Colonial resistance and

increasing violence forces Britain to repeal many of the duties

Institute the tax on tea.

Notes British policies continued to undermine

colonial freedoms. Colonists formed committees of

correspondence to communicate with one another about British activities.

After the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed the Coercive Acts to punish Massachusetts. Do you remember from the video

what the Colonists called these acts?

Notes: In response, colonists formed the

First Continental Congress and organized a boycott of British goods. Continuing to defy Britain, Massachusetts created a provincial congress and militia. British control weakened as other colonies did the same.

The Revolution Begins

Notes: In April 1775, battles at Lexington and

Concord signaled the start of the war. the Second Continental Congress met and

formed the Continental Army Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense

convinced many colonists that the time had come to declare independence.

On July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress issued the Declaration of Independence.

States Map - Don’t forget!

NotesFounding Document: The Declaration of Independence

The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America

Drafted by Thomas Jefferson between June 11 and June 28, 1776

most cherished symbol of liberty 56 signers “self-evident truths” grievances against the King

NotesArticles of ConfederationVideo Written July 12, 1776, framed

November of 1777 (passed by congress), adopted in 1781 (had to be ratified by ALL 13 states)

Charter or first "Constitution" adopted by the 13 states following the American Revolution.

need for unity among the new states

Notes gave the states as much

independence as possible limited functions of the federal

government Took time to pass because of the

Revolutionary War and disagreements between the states

all 13 states had to agree to any amendment

Notes "a league of friendship and

perpetual union." The central government was not

able to accomplish much As the need for a stronger federal

government began to be realized, leaders from throughout the states got together to decide how to create it.

Video

NotesThe Constitution

The Federal Convention convened in the State House (Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787

Revise the Articles of Confederation

Video

Had to wait until May 25 for a quorum of seven states to arrive

They would draft an entirely new frame of government

Notes Sticking points

how much power to allow the central government

how many representatives in Congress to allow each state

how these representatives should be elected--directly by the people or by the state legislators.

Notes Oldest Delegate: Benjamin Franklin, 81 Youngest Delegate: Jonathan Dayton, 26 Average Age of Delegates: 42 The Constitution is the primary law of the

U.S. Describes the three branches of the

Federal Government - their functions and jurisdictions

lays out basic rights of citizens of the US Oldest Federal constitution in existence twelve of the thirteen original states took

part (not RI)

Notes Representation plans:

The Virginia Plan Favored large states Representation based on population An executive chosen by the legislature

New Jersey Plan Favored small states Representation equal An executive branch (more than one!)

appointed by the legislature

Notes The Great Compromise

blended the Virginia and New Jersey plans

an agreement between large and small states

bicameral legislature (two houses) House of Representatives based on

population Senate based on equal representation

Notes Three-fifths Compromise

stated that three-fifths of the slave population (other persons) could be counted as population of the nation

Notes Its first three words – “We The People” –

affirm that the government of the United States exists to serve its citizens.

Branches set out in the Constitution: Executive Branch: Provides leadership and

enforces laws. Legislative Branch: Makes laws for the

nation. Judicial Branch: Explains and interprets

laws.

Notes The largest part of the Constitution is

devoted to the Legislative branch. (it is the branch closest to the people) raising revenue declaring war making all laws necessary to fulfill their duties

How is approval won?

Notes The Federalist papers written to win approval in the large

states, especially New York, series of 85 articles written from 1787 to 1788 To influence the vote for ratification and

shape future interpretations of the Constitution.

most significant public-relations campaign in history

Notes The Federalist Papers remain today as the reference for anyone who wants to understand the U.S. Constitution.

Notes The Bill of Rights

First ten amendments to the Constitution

Added to close the way to tyranny On September 25, 1789, the First

Congress proposed 12 1 and 2 failed, 3-12 passed. contained guarantees of essential

rights and liberties

Not Notes *The original second

amendment proposed by the First Federal Congress dealt with the compensation of members of Congress. Although rejected at the time, it was eventually ratified on May 7, 1992, as the 27th amendment.

Notes