The Basics

The Basics

System ActorsStatesInternational organizationsIntergovernmental OrganizationsGlobal , regionalNongovernmental OrganizationsGlobal, regional, national, localMultinational corporations (MNCs)NationsReligious groupsTerrorist networksLeaders, prominent individualsGlobal InstitutionsMNCsIGOsIMFWBGATT WTOOECDG8 now G20NGOsRepresentation by GSRepresentation on behalf of GS

Global DivideGlobal NorthAdvanced Industrialized Countries ~ 33 countries

Global South~162 countries= 83 % of worldVery diverseEmerging EconomiesCountries in Transition (CITs)Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs)

Global North

Global North Source: IMFAustraliaSwedenSan MarinoGermanyCanadaUnited KingdomMaltaIcelandDenmarkSouth KoreaNorwayItalyAustriaSwitzerlandSingaporeGreeceCyprusUnited StatesNetherlandsIrelandFinlandSpainPortugalJapanBelgiumLuxembourgSlovakiaSloveniaCzech RepublicFranceNew ZealandIsraelEstonia*Hong Kong, Taiwan5 Categories of theGlobal South

Emerging MarketsWho are they?GrowthGreater % of people =middle class(>$10/day)

http://www.economist.com/world/international/displaystory.cfm?story_id=15172941 Emerging Economies Source: IMFBrazilPolandHungaryMexicoSouth AfricaMexicoChileChinaColombiaArgentinaBulgariaIndonesiaMalaysiaMoroccoPakistanPeruPhilippinesRomaniaRussiaThailandTurkeyCzech RepublicSlovakiaUnited Arab EmiratesEstoniaLatvia, Lith,Countries in Transition (CITs)2. Countries in Transition (CITs)Central and Eastern European (East bloc Soviet satellites)Former Soviet Republics (FSRs)Growth rates differ

Countries in Transition (CITs)6= Emerging (Czech Rep., Slovakia, Slovenia, Poland, Hungary, Russia)

5 Categories of GS Countries

3. Quasi-statesNot self-sufficient138 of 194 states= 71% are quasi-states

http://geocurrents.info/economic-geography/a-global-northsouth-division-in-the-demic-framework

LLCs, HIPCs4. Least Developed Countries (LLDCs) US (GDP per capita=ranks 10th) at ~$46,500 Average GDP per capita of LLDCs at $750Burundi , Congo, Somalia at $200 GDP per capitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_%28nominal%29_per_capita

5. Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs)40 countries, with 29 of those located in sub-Saharan Africa Debt relief- HIPCs qualify36 accepted full or partial relief ~$72 BReliance on single cash cropsCotton accounts for 46% of Malis exports

Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Source: WBAfghanistanBeninBoliviaBurkina FasoBurundiCameroonCentral African RepublicRepublic of CongoDem. Rep. of CongoEthiopiaThe GambiaGhanaGuinea-BissauGuyanaHaitiHonduras LiberiaMadagascarMalawiMaliMauritaniaMozambiqueNicaraguaNigerRwandaSao Tome PrincipeSenegalSierra LeoneTanzaniaTogoUgandaZambiaChadComorosCote dIvoireGuineaEritreaSomaliaSudanGlobal NorthGlobal SouthIndustrializedFew industrializedDonors of foreign aidRely on foreign aidWell-developed physical infrastructurePoorly developed physical infrastructureExporters of technologyRely on technology importsEconomic diversity: merchandise & serviceRely on primary resourcesExtract resourcesRely on GN to process raw goods Well-developed civil institutionsPoorly-developed institutionsTransnational IssuesPoliticalSecurityEconomicSocio-culturalEnvironmentalHealthEnergy

Zero v. Positive Sum OutcomesZero-sum OutcomeWin/lose

Positive-sum OutcomeWin/win