The behaviour of the algerian vegetable crops farmershandling a panoply of phytosanitary products.

Nafissa SOUDANI*1 and Mohammed Belhamra1

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PHOTOof the

Speaker Laboratory of diversity of ecosystems and dynamic systems of agricultural production in arid zones(DEDSPAZA)

University Mohamed Khider of Biskra (Algeria) BP 145 RP, 07000 Biskra, Algeria

Relevence of the ThesisA rapid and sustainable growth of the population is noticed in many parts of the developing world -particularly in Africa, the Middle East and parts of Latin America. The world now is directly affected by thefood crisis.Nearly one billion people are already malnourished and 400 million people are chronically undernourished.Facing this situation, the countries are trying to solve this problem and to ensure a certain food security forthe population. Therefore, agricultural sector is the solution to produce quantity and quantity of crops.However, In the chain of production it is important to understand how farmers’ farming practices andmanagement can affect crops production, health and environment. So, innovation and solutions needsinformation and study in situ, monitoring and questionnaire, to understand the changes and to gives someexplanations. Highlight the situation that our agricultural areas are undergoing, which help to find and fill thegapes.In Algeria, Biskra farmers are heavily depending on pesticides to protect their crops and get high yield. But,they are using this products without respect of regulations and control. So, it’s crucial to evaluate thehabitual attitudes and practices of farmers before and after usage of pesticides. Therefore this study aimedto check and evaluate the situation of vegetable crops farmers in two communes of Biskra region Ain Naga(East Ziban) and Doucen (West Ziban) concerning theirs behaviours, knowledge towards pesticides employedand the safe use of it in greenhouse system, as form of intensive cultivation. A : Doucen farmer ; B: Ain Naga farmer)

C: Interview with farmers’ about theirattitudes towards the use of personalprotective equipment.

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C

B

A

3

Main Results

Therefore, this study shows a lack of knowledge and the critical situation of

vegetable crops farmers using pesticides intensively, in two communes of Biskra

region Ain Naga (East Ziban) and Doucen (West Ziban) in greenhouse system.

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75 different types of active ingredients are used on regular basis. This ingredients assessedare declared by farmers’ and sellers’ surveyed during 2016 and 2017. High demand ofinsecticides followed by the fungicides are remarked in the study areas.

COMMUNE Chemical

group the

most

represented

WHO

toxicity

Class of

the most

represent

ed

Number

case

of exposure

Fomulations

incriminated

Active

ingredient

incriminated

Health issues

AIN NAGA Necotenoid,

Avermectin

Phosphonog-

lycid II ; Ib ; III ;

NL

15 + 01 (by

product

unknown)

BRIK 10

KARATEKA

ROPHOSATE

480

SPRAFER ;

VERTİMEC

ZORO

ABAMECTINE; CHLORANTRANILIPROLE; 2-NAPHTHYLOXYACETIC ACID;THIOCYCLAM

HYDROGEN

OXALATE

Respiratory tract

irritant ; Skin

irritant ;

Headache;

Skin sensitiser ;

Eye irritant

DOUCEN Avermectin,

Necotenoid

pyrethroid,

II ; Ib ; III ;

Ia

11 + 10 (by

products

unknown

and/or

mixture )

VERTİMEC

CORAGEN 20

SPRAFER

EVISECT

TAU –

FLUVALINATE;

LAMBDACYH-

ALOTHRINE;

2-NAPHTHYLOXYACETIC ACID; GLYPHOSATE;

ABAMECTINE

Respiratory tract

irritant ; Skin

irritant ;

Headache ;Skin

sensitiser ; Eye

irritant

Variables Communes

Farmer characteristics AIN NAGA n= 47 DOUCEN n= 49

Age 40-59 25-48

Educational level primary secondary

Without agricultural training 78.7 77.6

Cannot read the labels on pesticide containers 53,2 71,4

Farmer attitudes (%) (%)

Respecting the recommended doses of use 87,2 87,8

Respecting pre-harvest Interval (PHI) 40,4 44,9

wearing partial protective covering (Gloves and /or

Mask)

36,2 44,9

Throw on the ground the remains pesticides 48,9 51

Throw the empty packaging of the pesticides used 53,2 71,4

Washing hands and face after finishing treatment 51,9 65,3Facing health issues during handling pesticides 59,6 65,3

Believing that these pesticides are dangerous 78,7 67,3

Reporting that pesticides are necessary to produce 70,2 63,3

Mentioning there are not sessions of sensitization on

pesticides and risks

93,6 100

4

Impact and Prospectum Farmers behaviour regarding the use of pesticides in greenhouse system in Doucen and Ain Naga of Biskra region were assessed. Scanty

difference has been noticed in Ain Naga and Doucen. Most of Ain Naga and Doucen Farmers have average level of education and

without training. They can not read the labels on pesticides containers and they are not respecting instructions given to sellers of

pesticides. Farmers’ are unaware about the dangerousness of pesticides, it present an acute danger for humans and environment.

Although, they had negative attitudes and very low level towards safe use of pesticides and hygiene after handling pesticides belonged

to the WHO toxicity class (I) and (II) . Thus, blames are usually laid on pesticides without considering the way the pesticides are

applied and much of the problem came from the toxicity of the pesticides used by many farmers, with lack of knowledge and failing to

adequately protect themselves during pesticide applications. Strategies and attitudes followed by Ain Naga and Doucen farmers’

towards pesticide reveal very weak and unsafe. For the sustainability of the agriculture production and the development of this sector,

farmers’ needs sensitization, proper guidance, awareness and field follow-up by state agencies concerned by the agricultural sector

(technical institutes and experts …etc) to guarantee a safe use of the hazardious products and to avoide risks.

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Thank YouUniversity Mohamed Khider of Biskra(Algeria) BP 145 RP, 07000 Biskra, Algerianafissasoud@gmail.com

+213 676 301 668

Nafissa Soudanihttps://www.linkedin.com/in/nafissa-soud-890a0645/

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Soudani_Nafissa?ev=hdr_xprf

Acknowledgments:The authors wish to express their gratitude to the sellers of phytosanitary products ,to Ain Naga and Doucen farmers of communes of study and sellers who participatedin the survey. Also, we thank Dr. Nageshwar Patel from Departement of DAFNAE,Agripolis, University of Padova, Italy, for his fruitful help and comments.

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