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The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering in Program Management Case Study: Developing a Concept of Operations (ConOps) for a Power Control Center System Upgrade National Defense Industrial Association [NDIA] 19th Annual Systems Engineering Conference Track 5 Agile [Session 18912] Springfield, VA October 26, 2016 OLIVER HOEHNE, PMP, CSEP, CSM SENIOR TECHNICAL PRINCIPAL & PROJECT MANAGER WSP | PARSONS BRINCKERHOFF EMAIL: HOEHNEOM@PBWORLD.COM LINKEDIN: WWW.LINKEDIN.COM/IN/OLIVERMHOEHNE TEL.: (973) 353-7617 CELL: (862) 371-7314

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Page 1: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering

in Program Management

Case Study: Developing a Concept of Operations (ConOps) for a Power Control Center System Upgrade

National Defense Industrial Association [NDIA] 19th Annual Systems Engineering Conference Track 5 Agile [Session 18912] Springfield, VA – October 26, 2016

OLIVER HOEHNE, PMP, CSEP, CSM SENIOR TECHNICAL PRINCIPAL & PROJECT MANAGER WSP | PARSONS BRINCKERHOFF EMAIL: [email protected] LINKEDIN: WWW.LINKEDIN.COM/IN/OLIVERMHOEHNE TEL.: (973) 353-7617

CELL: (862) 371-7314

Page 2: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Practical Example

o Project Background, Challenges & Objectives

o Project Management Approach

o Project Implementation

o Project Accomplishments & Benefits

Applicability to DoD Acquisitions

Summary

Practical Example o Project Background, Challenges & Objectives

o Project Management Approach

o Project Implementation

o Project Accomplishments & Benefits

Applicability to DoD Acquisitions

Summary

AGENDA

Page 3: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT BACKGROUND

PROJECT SCOPE:

Facilitate and Support Development of Concept of Operations (ConOps) for a Power Control System

ConOps to Serve as Agreement between Operators & Maintainers and Designers & Implementers

Mix of Experienced Systems Engineers and Industry & Technology Subject Matter Experts

Guide Client & Make Recommendations based on Domestic & International Best Practices

Power Control Center (Examples)

Page 4: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS

Professional

Business Analyst

Stakeholder

Requirements

Alternative

System Reviews

Current

“As-Is” System

Planned

“To-Be” System

Gap Analysis

“As-Is” vs. “To-Be”

ConOps (SDLC)

Output

People

Processes

Products

People

Processes

Products

Page 5: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Case Study Challenges (Risks): • Numerous Stakeholders and Legacy Systems • Firm Fixed Price • Somewhat Undefined Scope • Demanding 14 Week Timeline

• Stovepiped Client Organization • Distributed Project Team (2 Continents, 8 Time Zones)

Waterfall Approach with

Potential Late Surprises & Rework

Source: Royce, W. W. 1970. Managing the Development of Large Software Systems. Proceedings, IEEE WESCON. Figure 2, 3, and 4.

Page 6: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OBJECTIVES (RISK MITIGATIONS)

Satisfy the Client through early and often delivery of ConOps, avoiding late surprises common to the waterfall approach

Incorporate changes from ConOps reviews and walk-throughs (‘sprint reviews’) into each new revision of the ConOps before next release

Deliver ‘shippable’ versions, with an average of three weeks between sprints, keeping the team focused and the Client apprised of the progress

Work together with the Client in frequent stakeholder meetings throughout the project and meet in person whenever possible

Use released versions of the ConOps as a measure of progress (demonstrating earned value)

Provide continuous attention to technical excellence, using best practices and building trust with the Client

Source: Adapted from Principles behind the Agile Manifesto - http://agilemanifesto.org/principles.html

Page 7: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Practical Example

o Project Background, Challenges & Objectives

o Project Management Approach

o Project Implementation

o Project Accomplishments & Benefits

Applicability to DoD Acquisitions

Summary

PROGRESS

Page 8: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS

Request for Proposal

Scope Management

Cost Management

Schedule

Management

Risk Management

Other

Project Management

Systems Engineering

Agile Product

Development Lean Product

Development Flow

Early & Often Delivery

Shippable Product

Increment (Sprint) Reviews

Avoid Late Surprises

Progress Demonstration

Other

Continuous Work Flow

Individual “Takt Periods”

Regular Integration

Lean Principles (i.e. Pull,

Value, etc.)

Other

Systems Development

Concept of Operations

Stakeholder Mgmt.

Legacy Products &

Procedures

Other

Page 9: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Work Breakdown Structure

(D) Deliverable #1

Resource PV Period 1 Period 2 Period n

(A) Activity #1 Res. #1

(A) Activity #2 Res. #2

(A) Activity #n Res. #n

(D) Deliverable #2

(D) Deliverable #n

1d

1d

1d

Work Breakdown Structure

(D) Deliverable #1

Resource PV Period 1 Period 2 Period n

(A) Activity #1 Res. #1

(A) Activity #2 Res. #2

(A) Activity #n Res. #n

(D) Deliverable #2

(D) Deliverable #n

100%

80%

1d

1d

1d

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS

Scope Management

Cost

Management

Time

Management Cost & Schedule

Performance

Page 10: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Stakeholder

Requirements Stakeholder

Requirements

System

SystemElement

SystemElement

SystemElement

SystemElement

SystemElement

SystemElement

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS

System

Requirements

System

Architecture

Detailed

Design

Interfaces &

Interaction

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-Model#/media/File:Systems_Engineering_Process_II.svg

Page 11: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE TYPICAL CONOPS OUTLINE

ConOps Structure

Current “As-Is” System

Alternative System Reviews

Planned “To-Be” System

“Gap” Between “As-Is” and “To-Be”

Page 12: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

System

SystemElement

SystemElement

SystemElement

SystemElement

SystemElement

SystemElement

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE CONOPS VIEWED AS A SYSTEM

CONTRACT

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

CONTRACT

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Stakeholder Requirement

s

System Requirement

s

System Architecture

System Elements

Interfaces & Interaction

Page 13: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Stakeholder

Manager

Systems

Engineer

Subject Matter

Expert(s)

Best Practice

Outreach

Stakeholder Requirements

System Requirements

System

Architecture

System Elements

Interfaces & Interaction

Project

Manager

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Page 14: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE AGILE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CONSIDERATIONS

Product Backlog Sprint Planning Sprint Backlog

Shippable Product

Sprint Review &

Retrospective

Page 15: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE AGILE PRODUCT DEVELOPM. APPLIED TO CONOPS

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

CONTRACT

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

CONTRACTCONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Sprint

Backlogs

Product Backlog

(ConOps)

Shippable Product

(ConOps)

Sprint

Reviews

Page 16: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE LEAN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT FLOW CONS.

Work

Periods

Integrative

Event

Work

Periods

Integrative

Event

Integrative

Event

CONTRACT

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Source: Oppenheim, Bohdan W. 2015. Lean Management of Complex Programs. INCOSE IW Transportation WG

Page 17: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

EI

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

CONTRACT

Sprint 1 Sprint 2 Sprint 3 Sprint 4

Spri

nt

0

II

Draft

Section 5.0

Section 6.0

I

Pre-Final

Section 7.0

Section 8.0

Outline

Section 1.0

Section 2.0

In-Progress

Section 3.0

Section 4.0

Sign

ed C

onO

ps

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE LEAN PRODUCT DEV. APPLIED TO CONOPS

Annotated

Outline

In-Progress

ConOps

Draft

ConOps

Pre-Final

ConOps

Final

ConOps

Signed

ConOps

Page 18: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Work Breakdown Structure

Resource PV Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Period 5

Work Breakdown Structure

(D) Concept of Operations

(D) Annotated Outline

Resource PV Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Period 5

(A) ...

(D) In-Progress Revision

(A) Incorporate Comments

(A) Prepare Section 1.0

(A) Prepare Section 2.0

(A) Integrate & Submit

(D) Draft Revision

(D) Pre-Final Revision

(D) Signed Revision

(D) Other Deliverables

(D) ...

Work Breakdown Structure

(D) Concept of Operations

(D) Annotated Outline

Resource PV Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Period 5

(A) ... ... ... 100%

(D) In-Progress Revision

(A) Incorporate Comments SE 2d

(A) Prepare Section 1.0 SM 6d

(A) Prepare Section 2.0

(A) Integrate & Submit

SE

SE

2d

1d

(D) Draft Revision

(D) Pre-Final Revision

(D) Signed Revision

(D) Other Deliverables

(D) ...

Work Breakdown Structure

(D) Concept of Operations

(D) Annotated Outline

Resource PV Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Period 5

Sprint 0 Sprint 1 Sprint 2 Sprint 3 Sprint 4

(A) ... ... ... 100%

(D) In-Progress Revision

(A) Incorporate Comments SE 2d

(A) Prepare Section 1.0 SM 6d

(A) Prepare Section 2.0

(A) Integrate & Submit

SE

SE

2d

1d

(D) Draft Revision

(D) Pre-Final Revision

(D) Signed Revision

(D) Other Deliverables

(D) ...

Work Breakdown Structure

(D) Concept of Operations

(D) Annotated Outline

Resource PV Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Period 5

Sprint 0 Sprint 1 Sprint 2 Sprint 3 Sprint 4

(A) ... ... ... 100%

(D) In-Progress Revision

(A) Incorporate Comments SE 2d

(A) Prepare Section 1.0 SM 6d

(A) Prepare Section 2.0

(A) Integrate & Submit

SE

SE

2d

1d

(D) Draft Revision

(D) Pre-Final Revision

(D) Signed Revision

(D) Other Deliverables

(D) ...

S B

A

C

E

D

F

I H

G

I

I I K

J

L

N

M

O

I E

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER

Scope

Time

Agile SE/PM

Lean SE/PM

Project

Management

Systems Engineering

AC/EV

Agile SE/PM

Page 19: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER (CONT’D)

Follow Standard

Project Management Practices

Page 20: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Practical Example

o Project Background, Challenges & Objectives

o Project Management Approach

o Project Implementation

o Project Accomplishments & Benefits

Applicability to DoD Acquisitions

Summary

PROGRESS

Page 21: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE SPRINT #0 – ANNOTATED OUTLINE

CONTRACT

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Project Kick-Off

Meeting

Mobilization &

Planning

Management

Plan(s)

Annotated

ConOps Outline

(15 Pages)

Page 22: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE SPRINT #1 – IN-PROGRESS CONOPS

Current System

or Situation

Stakeholder

Interviews

Operators &

Maintainers

Operating

Procedures

Systems &

Interfaces

ConOps

Walk-Through

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Incorporate

Sprint Review

Page 23: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE SPRINT #2 – DRAFT CONOPS

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Stakeholder

Requirements

Best Practice

Analysis

Alternatives

Analysis

Planned System

or Situation

ConOps

Walk-Through

Questionnaire: 15 Domestic,

3 International Interviews

Incorporate

Sprint Review

Page 24: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE SPRINT #3 – PRE-FINAL CONOPS

Gap Analysis

Impact Analysis

Migration

Strategy

ConOps

Walk-Through

Incorporate

Sprint Review

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Page 25: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE SPRINT #4 – FINAL CONOPS

CONTRACT

Section1.0

ConOps

Section2.0

Section3.0

Section4.0

Section5.0

Section6.0

Section7.0

Section8.0

Content Content Content Content Content Content Content Content

Incorporate

Sprint Review

Summary &

ConOps Output

Circulate for

Signatures

Page 26: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Practical Example

o Project Background, Challenges & Objectives

o Project Management Approach

o Project Implementation

o Project Accomplishments & Benefits

Applicability to DoD Acquisitions

Summary

PROGRESS

Page 27: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Systems Engineering helped significantly defining the project scope such as project phases, deliverables, activities, etc.

Delivering the ConOps early and often helped avoiding late surprises that could have potentially resulted in rework, delays, and cost overruns

Sprints with an average length of three weeks kept the team focused and did not allow for distractions

Performing regular integration of new content into ‘shippable’ ConOps ‘architecture’ distributed the integration work load and risk

Spring reviews were valuable opportunity to validate stakeholder requirements

Released versions of the ConOps served very well as a measure of progress (demonstrating earned value)

Frequent stakeholder meetings and sprint reviews kept the client engaged

Project resulted in high-quality product, satisfied client, delivered on-time and 20% under budget

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE ACCOMPLISHMENTS & BENEFITS

Page 28: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Problem Statement

Practical Example

o Project Background

o Project Management Approach

o Project Implementation

o Project Accomplishments & Benefits

Applicability to DoD Acquisitions

Summary

PROGRESS

Page 29: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Integrated Defense Acquisition, Technology,

and Logistics Life Cycle Management System

APPLICABILITY TO DOD ACQUISITIONS USER NEEDS

Source: http://cimsec.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/atl_wall_chart.jpg

Acquisition Framework

ConOps

Page 30: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

APPLICABILITY TO DOD ACQUISITIONS JOINT CAPABILITIES INTEGRATION DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM

Identification of

Capability Requirements

Page 31: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

APPLICABILITY TO DOD ACQUISITIONS INTEGRATED ACQUISITION FRAMEWORK

Page 32: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

Problem Statement

Practical Example

o Project Background

o Project Management Approach

o Project Implementation

o Project Accomplishments & Benefits

Applicability to DoD Acquisitions

Summary

PROGRESS

Page 33: The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering · The Benefits of Agile Systems Engineering ... (SDLC) Output People ... People Processes Products . PRACTICAL EXAMPLE PROJECT CHALLENGES

AGILE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING SUMMARY