The Big Picture

Teaching Reading Sourcebook 2nd edition

For All Educators Working to Improve

Reading Achievement.

The Reading Deficit The state of reading today

National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)

Nation’s response to the Reading Deficit No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Reading First

The Brain and Reading

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) reveals that brain activation patterns of good readers and poor readers are different.

Evidence-based reading instruction in phonemic awareness and phonics has been shown to assist poor readers to activate the areas of the brain used by good readers.

Scientific Approach to Reading Instruction

How to recognize effective research Has the research been published in a peer-

reviewed journal? Have the research results been replicated by

other scientists? Is there a consensus within the research

community?

Essential Components of Reading Instruction

Print awareness Letter knowledge Phonemic awareness Phonics Irregular word reading Multisyllabic word reading Fluency Vocabulary Comprehension

Reading Assessments

Types of reading assessments Screening Progress Monitoring Diagnostic Outcome

Comprehensive Assessment Plan

Identify students at risk of reading difficulty or who need extra support or intervention

Monitor student progress Collect assessment data to inform instruction Assess whether instruction is sufficient to

ensure that all students meet grade level standards

Downward Spiral of Reading Failure

Stumbling blocks to becoming a proficient reader

“Matthew Effects” the “Fourth Grade Slump” Motivation and interest in reading Academic language

Differentiated Instruction

Instruction that supports the needs of all learners advanced, benchmark, strategic, intensive

Adolescent struggling readers alliterate, functional illiterate, illiterate

English Language Learners (ELLs) National Literacy Panel on Language-Minority

Children and Youth Practical Guidelines for Education of ELLs