the biological perspective
DESCRIPTION
THE BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE. GENETIC FACTORS THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THE BRAIN THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM THE NEUROSCIENCE REVOLUTION NEUROPHARMACOLOGY PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY INTEGRATION OF BIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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THE BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE GENETIC FACTORS THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THE BRAIN THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM THE NEUROSCIENCE REVOLUTION NEUROPHARMACOLOGY PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY INTEGRATION OF BIOLOGICAL AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
http://www.morphonix.com/software/education/science/brain/game/specimens/specimens.html
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THE NEUROSCIENCE REVOLUTION
Neuroanatomy Neuropathology Neurochemistry Neuropharmacology Neuropsychology
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THE NEURON
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Types of Neurons
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Communication Neurons “fire” Action Potential releases
neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters cross the
synaptic cleft and bind to the post-synaptic membrane of the neighboring neuron(s)
Excitatory or inhibitory The circle of events
continues… The network of neural cells
is highly specialized
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http://www.morphonix.com/software/education/science/brain/game/specimens/specimens.html
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http://www.morphonix.com/software/education/science/brain/game/specimens/specimens.html
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Purkinje Cell
• Main players in the cerebellum
• Long Distance Connections
• Most number of connections
http://www.morphonix.com/software/education/science/brain/game/specimens/specimens.html
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The Brain
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BROCA’S AREA FOR SPEECH
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BRAIN AT 15 WEEKS GESTATION
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BRAIN AT 32 WEEKS GESTATION
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cerebellum
pons
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Medulla Breathing Heart rate
regulation
Pons Reticular formation
• Sleep• Arousal
Cerebellum Many fine folds;
large surface area Muscle movement
& muscle tone Balance Some learning &
memory
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Divisions of the Brain
Hindbrain Medulla Reticular
formation Cerebellum
Midbrain Dopamine
produced Relay of visual
and auditory signals
Forebrain Diencephalon
• Hypothalamus• thalamus
Telencephalon• cortex
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THE BRAIN
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Thalamus “relay station” for
sensory information (except smell)
• Directs sensory signals to appropriate areas of cortex
Hypothalamus Involved in motivated
behavior (feeding, drinking, sex)
Regulates the internal environment of the body
• Fight-or-flight response• Endocrine System• Temperature Control
Diencephalon
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LIMBIC LOBE GRAPHIC OVERLAY
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Hippocampus
(purple)(blue)
Limbic System
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Basal Ganglia Initiates Movement
e.g., walking
Gross motor control
Many smaller structures
Affected in Parkinson’s
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Sensorimotor Cortex, Left Hemisphere
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OLFACTORY TRACT
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BRAIN IMAGING COMPUTERIZED AXIAL
TOMOGRAPHY (CT) MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(MRI) MAGNETIC RESONANCE
SPECTROSCOPY (MRS) SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (SPECT)
POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PT)
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POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY(PT SCAN)
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