the biomass gasification plant to vaskiluodon voima in … · the biomass gasification plant to...

The biomass gasification plant to

Vaskiluodon Voima in Vaasa

Claes Breitholtz

Research engineer

and two more ongoing

gasification projects

© Metso

The pilot phase is over

SolanderSymposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz2 Source: Lahti Energia

Technology has been available since the 1970’s

“Let’s finally start using it!”

Janne Savelainen – Lahti Energia

© Metso3

Metso is a global supplier of sustainable technology and services

• Our customers operate in

the following industries:

- Mining

- Construction

- Power generation

- Oil and gas

- Recycling

- Pulp and paper

• About 29,000 employees in more

than 50 countries.

• 2010 net sales EUR 5.6 billion.

• Our shares are listed on NASDAQ

OMX Helsinki Ltd.

SolanderSymposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz

© Metso

Metso Power Wide scope of fuel-flexible power technology

4

Heating plants

ProfilersIntelligent control

valves ESD valves

Power solutions

Automation systemsGasification

Recovery boilers

Boiler plants

Automation systems

Automation Rebuilds and upgradesEnvironmental systems

Modular power plants


© Metso

Metso’s Solution for Gasification CFB gasification: Reaction temperature

5

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0,1 1 10

Air coefficient

Tem

pera

ture

(C

)

GASIFICATION COMBUSTION

DRY FUEL

WET FUEL

CFB gasification-

Operational area


© Metso

Metso’s evolution in gasification

SolanderSymposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz6

TAMPELLA POWER

ENVIROPOWER

GÖTAVERKEN

Tampere pilot plant

•15 MWth pressurized FB gasifier

• Biomass and coal gasification development

• Hot gas cleaning development

METSO

CFB GASIFIER

NEW DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY• Fuel drying technology

• Gas cleaning

• Biomass gasification for limekilns

• Biomass gasification for power production

• Waste gasification

METSO CFB /BFB

Boiler experience

First generation

Atmospheric CFB gasification development

• Värö lime kiln gasifier 1987

Second generation

© Metso

Gasification technologiesPosition of Metso CFB gasification


PRESSURE OXIDISIER PROCESS ASH FUEL SIZE APPLICATION

Atmospheric Air Fixed bed Slagging Coal

SMALL

0 – 10

MW

Combustion

engines

Pressurized Oxygen BFB Non-slagging Biofuel

MEDIUM

5-50

MW

Combustible gas

for industrial

furnaces

Steam CFB Oil

LARGE

50 -200

MW

Fossil fuel

replacement by

bio/waste in

power plants

Entrained

flowGas

HUGE

200 -2000

MW

IGCC

Transport

reactorWaste Transport fuels

Flame

gasificationSynthetic NG

© Metso

Metso’s Solution for Gasification CFB Gasifier

8

Product gas for

(lime) kilns

• Sawdust, forest

residues, fresh wood,

bark

• 20 – 80 MWfuel units

• Typically includes a

dryer

• Dusty product gas

• Also other types of

kilns possible

Product gas for

power boilers

• Woody biomass, bark,

peat, straw…

• Superior electricity

efficiency

• (Existing) power

boilers


• Typically includes a

dryer

• (Gas filtering)

Product gas from

waste for power

production

• Waste-derived fuel

• High electricity

efficiency

• Typically a new gas

boiler

• Gas filtering -> clean

product gas


or multiple units

connected to a boiler


Vaskiluodon Voima Oy gasification project

Replacing coal with biomass for electricity

production in an existing boiler

© Metso

Vaskiluoto coal-fired power plant in Vaasa

• In operation since 1982

• Thermal capacity

- 560 MW

• Production

- electricity 230 MW

- district heating 170 MW

• Coal consumption

400,000 – 500,000 t/a

• Produces approximately 90% of

the district heat needs in Vaasa

region


© Metso

Vaskiluodon Voima Oy gasification project

Enables to replace a large share of coal with biomass

• 140 MW biomass gasifier and dryer

• Adjoined to the existing

560 MW coal-fired power plant

• Up to 40 percent replacement of coal

Schedule

• Contract signed June 2011

• Plant operational 12/2012

Total project cost < 40 M€


© Metso

Biomass gasification into the existing coal-fired plant


Relatively low

investment

cost

Integrated drying processOriginal coal capacity

available

Short delivery time and

minimized production

interference

© Metso

Typical gasification applicationsExample:100 MW of biofuel available at the district

• Cofiring is an efficient way to use biomass


100 MW, fuelSmall boiler

efficiency 25 %25 MW

green electricity

100 MW, fuelLarge boiler

efficiency 40 %40 MW

green electricity

+

160 MW

coal electricity400 MW coal

The final outcome is 60 %

more green electricity !

© Metso

Vaskiluodon Voima biomass gasification plant


Wet biomass

Existing PC boiler

modifications and new

burners

Instrumentation,

electrification

and automation

Biomass receiving

and pre-handling

Large-scale belt dryer CFB gasifier

140 MWfuel

Product gas

Dried biomass

© Metso

Vaskiluodon Voima, FinlandExternal Fuel Handling

Gasifier

Drying

Storage Silos

Sampling

Screening

Receiving


Start-up 2012

ProcessGasification (140 MW) for

Power Generation

FuelsForest resudues (chips),

Peat

Fuel Receiving 4 x 120 m3

Receiving and

Screening

Capacity

600 m3/h

Fuel

Sampling

Automatic

5 samples / truck

Fuel Silos

and

Reclaiming

Capacity

2 x 2 500 m3

2 x 50 - 200 m3/h

Drying

Capacity

10 t/h

of evaporated water

© Metso

Metso belt dryer for biomassDouble layer


WET

PRODUCT

IN

BELT

WASHING

DRY

PRODUCT

OUTFAN

FEEDING

SCREW

DRY PRODUCT

DISCHARGE SCREW

SEMI-DRY

PRODUCT INHEAT

EXCHANGER

AIR IN

AIR OUT

SEMI_DRY PRODUCT

DISCHARGE SCREWFor water evaporation

capacity up to

20 tons/h

© Metso

Fuel moisture vs. gasifier output

Fuel moisture 20%

(Design

point)

30% 40%

Gasifier max output % 100 89 77

Example case:Waste fuel, HHV dry 22,5 MJ/kg, Ash 7,6%


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

20 40

Gas h

eat

valu

e h

ot

MJ/m

3n

Fuel moisture

Gas heat value MJ/m3n hot ( incl. sensible heat )

© Metso

Metso CFB Gasifier


2

1

6

3

5

4

1) Fuel silo

2) Reactor

3) Cyclone

4) Productgas/ Gasification air

heat exchanger

5) Gas pipe

6) Ash removal

Lahti Energia projectSolid waste gasification for efficient

production of electricity

© Metso

Lahti Energia - solid waste gasification

• 160 (2x80) MW, 250 000 tn/a

• Total Investment 157 M€

• Start up April 2012


Old PC

boiler

Waste fuel handling

Gasifier

and gas cooler

Gas boiler

and APC

1.

2. 3.

4.

5.

1. Fuel handling

2. Gasifier

3. Gas cooling

4. Gas filter

5. Gas boiler and

flue gas cleaning

© Metso

Benefits of waste gasification


• High steam parameters higher efficiency- Lahti 160 MW fuel => 50 MWe + 90 MW district heat

- Lahti 120 bar, 540 C live steam

- Technology can offer even higher electricity efficiency

• Lower grade waste as a fuel lower fuel cost- Lahti fuel : Household waste (origin sorted), Industrial waste, demolition wood,

waste wood from industry

- LHV 14 -24 MJ/kg, dry ; Moisture< 30 %, Cl < 0,4 %

• Tolerance for fuel quality multiple fuel sources

• Less corrosion less expensive materials in the boiler

© Metso

Technical concept

• Gasify waste at 850-900 C

• Cool it down to about 400 C

- all corrosive components, alkalichlorides,

Pb, Zn will be in solid form

• Filter all dust out so the resulting gas is

clean

• Burn clean gas in gas fired boiler

1.

2. 3.

4.

5.

22SolanderSymposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz

1. Fuel handling

2. Gasifier

3. Gas cooling

4. Gas filter

5. Gas boiler and

flue gas cleaning

1,E-09

1,E-08

1,E-07

1,E-06

1,E-05

1,E-04

1,E-03

350

370

390

410

430

450

470

490

510

530

550

570

590

610

630

650

670

690

710

730

750

770

790

810

830

850

870

890

910

930

950

970

990

1010

1030

1050

1070

1090

1110

1130

1150

1170

1190

Temperature [C]

log

p

AC/GAS/NaCl -

AC/GAS/KCl -

AC/GAS/ZnCl2 -

AC/GAS/PbCl2 -

Saturated steam-Na2SO4(g)

Saturated steam-K2SO4(g)

Saturated steam-ZnCl2(g)

Saturated steam-PbCl2(g)

Saturated steam-KCl(g)

Saturated steam-NaCl(g)

AC/GAS/Na2SO4

AC/GAS/K2SO4

AC/GAS/PbO

AC/GAS/ZnO

© Metso

Operational window to clean out corrosive compounds


• All water walls cooled with boiler feed

water– Avoid risk of corrosion in cooler

– Condensate corrosive components on

particles

– Avoid tar condensation in cooler

• High temperature ceramic filter– Filter can tolerate high temperatures

– Tar condensation can be avoided

GoBiGas projectProducing SNG from Biomass

© Metso

GoBiGas project

Solander Symposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz25 Source: Göteborg Energi

• Production: ~20 MW bio

methane of wood pellets

• Investor: Göteborgs Energi AB

• Total cost approximately:

100 MEUR

• Schedule: In operation 2013

• Gasification and boiler island

technology: Metso/REPOTEC

• Metahanation technolgy:

Haldor Topsöe

• EPCM for metahanation:

Jacobs process

Existing boiler

GoBiGas - Phase 1

© Metso

Indirect gasification,Biomass CHP plant, Güssing

Solander Symposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz26

• Start of construction September 2000

• Start up November 2001

• Fuel Wood Chips

• Fuel Power 8 MW

• Electrical Power 2 MW

• Thermal Power 4,5 MW

• Electrical Efficiency 25 %

• Total Efficiency 80 %

• Operational hours over 55 000 h

© Metso

}

Steam

Biomethane

Air

Steam

Flue gas

Wood pellets

Bed

material

Forest residues

Tar

Sulphur rich gas

Air preheater

Hot water

Hot water

CO2 to inert

gas system/

atm

Tar

GoBiGas process

Solander Symposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz27 Source: GoBiGas

Gasification: Metso scope

Methanation

CombustorGasifier

Dryer

Bag filter

De-NOx

Fuel handling

Tar removal

ShiftTar removal

Drying

UpgradingMethanation

Sulphur

removal

CO2-

removal

© Metso

Indirect Gasification in Dual Fluidized Bed

• Fuel is feed to the BFB gasifier

• The gasifier is fluidized with

steam

• Bed material is circulated to

transport heat from the

combustor to the gasifier

• Char in fly and bottom ash from

the gasifier is burnt in the

combustor riser

• Fly ash from the combustion is

recirculated to the gasifier

Solander Symposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz28

Air

Steam

Producer gas Flue gas

Fuel

BFB

Gasifier

CF

B C

om

busto

r

© Metso

Gas Cleaning

• Cooling of producer gas

• Dust removal in a textile filter

• Removal of tars and water

solvable pollutants in a oil

scrubber

Solander Symposium 2011 Claes Breitholtz

INTERNAL

29

FilterCooler Scrubber

Thank You!

the biomass gasification plant to vaskiluodon voima in … · the biomass gasification plant to...

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