8/3/2019 The Blackwell Legacy

1/7

www+oymnp(evm~n+dcjopvj|+`jh

//\bi Dcn`ewicc Cion`}ip ic vtmhitj li ykn hmkmpitmi li gyiojp li nqik|ytnp `y}jpvtj|nojkmp|np pjk ykn vitmjlmp|n ccnhnln Tjpnkoicn Dcn`ewicc } py ipvtm|y oyn Gji} Hnccjki+Py hmpmk# n}ylnt n cjp ipvtm|yp n|jthik|nljp i mkqip|mont cnp pm|yn`mjkip pjdtikn|ytncip ~yipi ik`jk|tntk n cj cntoj li pyp lmaitik|ip `npjp+ Cn qitlnl ip ~yi kj ik|miklik hy} dmik

vjt~yi ip|k gyk|jp ik ip|j# vitj nk np cj mk|ik|nk bn`it cj higjt ~yi vyilik+

LMN >

Tjpnkoicn lipvyp li ipvnt`mt cnp `ikmnp li py lmayk|n |n pjdti ic vyik|i# kj pi ln `yik|nli ~yi py ipvtm|y tinchik|i ip| qmqj } lipnvnti`i vjt ic nmti+ Ndti ic mkqik|ntmj "Cciqn ic`ytpjt bnp|n cn vnt|i pyvitmjt li cn vnk|nccn- } cii cn `nt|n UDj|k liti`bjX ip ykn `nt|nikqmnln vjt ic Lj`|jt Ljkncl ^yik|mk# hilm`j li |y |n lytnk|i hy`bjp njp } vnti`i ~yi~ymiti bndcnt jk|moj+

Ykn qi atik|i nc ilmam`mj li |y nvnt|nhik|j# bndcn li |jlj `jk ic `bm`j ~yi ip| ik cn vyit|nUDj|k m~ymitljX Nk|i |y pjtvtipn# pndtp ~yi pi ccnhn Gmh Dytlj# } kj |i lignt ik|tnt }n ~yikj `tii ~yi qmqnp ncc+ N vipnt li |jlj |yp ipayitjp vjt `jkqik`itci kj `jkpioymtp knlnir`iv|j ~yi vntn vjlit ik|tnt ik |y vtjvmn `npn# |ikltp ~yi bndcnt `jk ykn |nc Kmpbnk|bmPbnthn ~yi nc vnti`it pi ik`yik|tn ik ic vnt~yi _npbmko|jk+ Vyip knln |ikltp ~yi mt ndyp`ntcn nc vnt~yi# np ~yi `nhmkn bn`mn cn m~ymitln } vycpn pjdti ic vnt~yi _npbmko|jk ~yiqitp ik ic hnvn+

Ykn qi ncc# pmoyi vjt cn m~ymitln } lipvyp lmtoi|i bn`mn nttmdn bnp|n cn ayik|i+ Yk ayit|iljcjt li `ndin |i bnt tiotipnt n `npn# np ~yi ik cn kyiqn vnk|nccn `nhmkn bn`mn cn liti`bn }qitp n Kmpbnk|bm |j`nklj cn acny|n+ Mk|ik|n bndcnt `jk iccn# vitj nc kj vjlit bn`itcj |ikltp~yi dyp`nt j|tn pjcy`mk+ Pm |i amgnp nc cnlj bn} yk vittj n|nlj n ykn vnvicitn ~yi |i pioymt n

8/3/2019 The Blackwell Legacy

2/7

ljkli qn}np+ Ik|jk`ip bn cj pmoymik|i# ln qyic|np nctililjt li cn antjcn } `jkpioymtp ~yi piiktjcci } ihvmi`i n cnltnt `jk cj ~yi `nv|ntp py n|ik`mk+

@ynklj pi n`it~yi bndcnt `jk|moj `yk|nci cj j`yttmlj } |i n`jhvnnt nc ilmam`mj linvnt|nhik|jp `jk cj ~yi nbjtn kj |ikltp kmkok vtjdcihn ik ik|tnt+ Lipvyp lic lmcjoj `jkiccn ik|tn ik |y nvnt|nhik|j+ Knln hp ik|tnt `jk|ip|n cn ccnhnln li |icajkj# pi |tn|n liclj`|jt ^yik|mk } bj} |miki yk byi`j ik py `jkpyc|n vntn vjlit bndcnt `jk|moj# pnc ik|jk`ip licnvnt|nhik|j# ik|tn ik ic np`ikpjt } lmtoi|i nc Bjpvm|nc vpm~ym|tm`j Dicciyqi+

@nhmkn bn`mn cn liti`bn# lmci nc oyntlmn li pioytmlnl ~yi qmikip n bndcnt `jk ic lj`|jt^yik|mk } |i lignt vnpnt+ Ykn qi lik|tj li py lipvn`bj# `jk|p|nci li ajthn nhndci pjdtipy ittjt } lipvyp hnk|k yk cntoj lmcjoj `jk c+ \i tiqicnt mhvjt|nk|i mkajthn`mk pjdti cjj`yttmlj ik |y anhmcmn `jk |y |n } |y ndyicn+ \nhdmk |i lignt yk vj`j mk~ymi|n vjt |y ay|ytj }n~yi cn ikaithilnl ip bitilm|ntmn } vjt yk kjhdti# Gji}:

Ykn qi ayitn lic lipvn`bj# tiotipn n |y nvnt|nhik|j# `joi ic pjdtipjdtipjdtipjdti ~yi ik`jk|tntp ik ic

pyicj# `jk|miki 49 bjgnp } ljp aj|jotnanp+ Cii ik ic mkqik|ntmj |jlnp cnp `nt|np } hmtn cnpaj|jotnanp+

@jk|ip|n li kyiqj ic |icajkj+ Djd# |y giai ~ymiti ~yi mkqip|moyip ic pym`mlmj ik cn Tipmlik`mnli ip|ylmnk|i li ykn gjqik ccnhnln GjNkk+ Nbjtn |ikltp ik ic mkqik|ntmj yk `ynlitkj likj|np ljkli vjltp `jkpyc|nt cjp kjhdtip } ln|jp pjdti cn mkqip|mon`mk+ Pnc lic nvnt|nhik|jik|tn ik ic np`ikpjt } lmtoi|i bnp|n cn Tipmlik`mn Dtm||nk} li ip|ylmnk|ip+

Li kyiqj nvnti`it ic ljcjt li `ndin# vitj ic lidit ip ic lidit# np ~yi |ikltp ~yimk|ittjont n cjp ip|ylmnk|ip+ Ccnhn n cn pioykln vyit|n "cn li N+T- } bndcn `jk c+ Vtipk|n|i }lmci ~yi ip|np li n`yitlj ik ~yi py kjhdti ~yili nc hntoik li cn mkqip|mon`mk+ @ynkljnvnti`n ic dcj` li kj|np# vtiok|nci |jlnp cnp jv`mjkip } n`ndn cn `jkqitpn`mk+

8/3/2019 The Blackwell Legacy

3/7

Nbjtn `nhmkn bn`mn cn m~ymitln ljp qi`ip } ccnhn n cn vyit|n li GjNkk } Kicc}+ Lipvyp livtipik|nt|i# mk|ik|n `jkqik`itcn vntn ~yi |i bndci li GjNkk# vtmhitj pmiklj `jhvtikpmqn#lipvyp mkpmp|mkljci } nc amknc lmp`ycvklj|i vntn ~yi |i bndci li iccn+ Vtiok|nci ik dcj` likj|np pjdti pm lythm |jln cn kj`bi } vlici ykn aj|jotnan vitj pi kiont n lt|icn# np ~yi

amkncmn cn `jkqitpn`mk } ccnhn li kyiqj n cn vyit|n li N+T+

Vtiok|nci pm GjNkk lythm |jln cn kj`bi# lipvyp pm Eicc} lyithi ayitn } ip`y`bn pytipvyip|n+ \ithmkn cn `jkqitpn`mk# ndti c dcj` li kj|np lic mkqik|ntmj } vycpn pjdti ipnp ljpvtioyk|np ~yi ci n`ndnp li bn`it n N+T vntn `jhdmkntcnp } lip`ydtmtp ~yi Kicc} bn hik|mlj+Ccnhn li kyiqj n py vyit|n# lmci ~yi hmik|i# lipvyp vlici j|tn qi cnaj|jotnanaj|jotnanaj|jotnanaj|jotnan } nbjtn p |icn lnt+ Irnhkncn ik ic mkqik|ntmj } tiotipn n |y nvnt|nhik|j+

Ic ljcjt li `ndin pmoyi ik nyhik|j# vitj nk np lidip ip`tmdmt ic nt|`ycj vntn ic vitmlm`j#np ~yi vycpn pjdti ic jtliknljt lic ip`tm|jtmj vntn ikqmntcj n cn tiln``mk+ Vj`j lipvyp icljcjt li `ndin ip }n `npm mkpjvjt|ndci# pit higjt |jhnt yk vj`j ic atip`j# pnc ik|jk`ip licnvnt|nhik|j } ccnhn n cn vyit|n li |y qi`mkn Kmpbnk|bm+ Ykn qi lik|tj lipvyp li pncylntcn

vycpn pjdti ic vittj } lipvyp bndcn `jk iccn li |jlj vntn `jkj`it cj ~yi j`ytti ik ic vnt~yivntn vittjp+ Vjt c|mhj jat`i|i n lntci `jhmln nc vittj# vycpn pjdti ic vittj vntn lntci cnoncci|n } tiotipn n |y nvnt|nhik|j+

Ykn qi lik|tj `jk|ihvcn cj ~yi j`ytti+ Ik cn aj|j nvnti`i ykn mhnoik li yk ipvi`|tj ~yivj`j lipvyp pit qmpmdci vntn |m+

N`iv|n py vtipik`mn# lipvyp bndcn ndpjcy|nhik|i li |jlj `jk c } ik|ti j|tnp `jpnp pndtp

~yi pi |tn|n li Gji} Hnccjki ic ipvtm|y li cn anhmcmn+ @ynklj |i vtioyk|i ljkli ihvi |jlj |yhncip|nt# `jk|p|nci ik ic Vnt~yi _npbmko|jk# lipvyp lnci cn tipvyip|n ~yi ~ymitnp } n`iv|nn`jhvnntci nc vnt~yi+

8/3/2019 The Blackwell Legacy

4/7

Ykn qi ncc# qitp nvnti`it yk ank|nphn } nbjtn |jhnklj ic vnvic li Gji} bndcn `jk c+ Cilmonp cj ~yi ci lmonp# kj `jkpioymtp knln vjpm|mqj# ir`iv|j pndit ~yi pi |tn|n li yk ank|nphnn|jthik|nlj } kj |ntlntp hy`bj ik tiotipnt nc nvnt|nhik|j+

Lmn 4

N cn hnnkn pmoymik|i# bndcn li kyiqj `jk Gji} } n`iv|n |y pm|yn`mk } lipvyp li |mtnt li py`jtdn|n vntn nvnti`it ik ykn ir|tnn bndm|n`mk+ Bndcn li |jlj `jk c } pndtp ~yi ip cn`nypn li |y ljcjt li `ndin } ~yi ik liamkm|mqn pi |tn|n li |y hik|i } cn vyit|n nc j|tj hyklj+\y hmpmk# n}ylnt n cjp lihp ank|nphnp n n`iv|nt cj ~yi pjk } cciqntcjp bnp|n ncc+

Bndcn li kyiqj `jk Gji} pjdti |jljp cjp |ihnp } pnc lic nvnt|nhik|j } ccnhn n cn vyit|n liKmpbnk|bm+ Nc ik|tnt# py vittj li|i |nt cn vtipik`mn li Gji} cj ~yi ci npyp|nt dnp|nk|i+ Pnclic `ynt|j# tiotipn nc vnt~yi _npbmko|jk } ik|tn li kyiqj ik ic vnt~yi vntn vittjp+ \jhnkljic hnkigj li Gji}# bndcn j|tn qi `jk cn ank|nphn } |ikltp ykn kyiqn vncndtn ik ic dcj` likj|np7 @ytn

Lmtoi|i nbjtn n cn Tipmlik`mn li ip|ylmnk|ip# ccnhn li kyiqj n cn vyit|n li Eicc} } |i ligntik|tnt ik py `ynt|j+ Vycpn "Dj|k lDj|k lDj|k lDj|k liti`bjiti`bjiti`bjiti`bj- pjdti cnp |tip aj|jp lic |ndck li nkyk`mj ~yi bn}ik cn vntil } |ikltp ykn kyiqj kjhdti ik ic dcj` li kj|np Lnqikvjt|+ Bndcn `jk Eicc}#

Vycpn pjdti cn jv`mk Vtioyk|nt } ik ic dcj` li kj|np vtiok|nci pjdti `bm`np li cn aj|jkj|np cn aj|j li cnp `bm`np+ Pm |i amgnp pjdti cn hipn bn} yk `ynlitkj# vtiok|nci pm vyilipi`bnt yk qmp|nj vjt ic `ynt|j# vitj kj |i cj vithm|mt+

8/3/2019 The Blackwell Legacy

5/7

Ik|jk`ip bn cj pmoymik|i# vycpn pjdti ic |icajkj } lipvyp pjdti Gji} vntn pmhycnt cnccnhnln+ Vlici ~yi cn lmp|tnmon } lipvyp ~yi bnon ykn n`|yn`mk+ Nbjtn gyp|nhik|i `ynkljEicc} ip| ti`jomiklj cjp vnvicip } kj |i hmti# nvtjqi`bn ic hjhik|j } `joi ic `ynlitkj`ynlitkj`ynlitkj`ynlitkj li cnhipn+ Irnhkncj ik ic mkqik|ntmj } jd|ikltp ljp vomknpljp vomknpljp vomknpljp vomknp# ykn `jk lmdygjp } j|tn yk |ir|j

ir|tnj+ Ndti ic dcj` li kj|np } qitp ~yi bn nvnti`mlj yk kyiqj kjhdti Ncirnklit`jhdkncj gyk|j `jk ic li Lnqikvjt| } lip`ydtmtp ~yi pi |tn|n lic kjhdti `jhvci|j+ Pnc lic`ynt|j } tiotipn nc vnt~yi _npbmko|jk+

Ik|tn ik ic vnt~yi vntn vittjp } bndcn li kyiqj `jk cn ank|nphn pjdti Nccm# Pypnk } pjdtiNcirnklit Lnqikvjt|+ N`ndn cn `jkqitpn`mk } lmtoi|i n |y nvnt|nhik|j+

Vycpn pjdti ic jtliknljt# ypn cn jv`mk li mkqip|mont } ik ic dcj` li kj|np pici``mjkn Nccm cn

ank|nphn lic vnt~yi vntn vittjp } pndtp ~yi vnpndn |mihvj ik yk ajtj ipvmtm|ync dyp`nkljmkajthn`mk pjdti |ndcitjp li jymgn+ Dyp`n |nhdmk mkajthn`mk pjdti Pypnk } pndtp ~yi pykjhdti ip Pypnk Cii } p ik`yik|tn ik ic Bjpvm|nc n `nypn lic mk|ik|j li pym`mlmj+ Vjt c|mhjndti ic dcj` li kj|np } `jhdmkn7 @ytn `jk cn jymgn vntn qit ~yi bn} ykn `cntn `jkirmk ik|tinhdjp }n ~yi ic lm`jkj cnp n|jthik|ndn+ Nvnon ic jtliknljt# pnc lic nvnt|nhik|j } lmtoi|inc vnt~yi _npbmko|jk vntn qjcqit n bndcnt `jk Ncc cn ank|nphn+

Vtiok|nci pjdti ip|n c|mhn `yip|mk lic @ytn } cn jymgn } pndtp ~yi jlmn nc lm`jkj+ Lmtoi|inc Bjpvm|nc vpm~ym|tm`j } bndcn `jk ic oyntlmn+ Vtioyk|n vjt Pypnk Cii } lipvyp vmli ~yi |iligi qitcn+ Vitj cnhik|ndcihik|i nc kj ip|nt ik cn cmp|n li qmpm|np kj |i lignt vnpnt n qitcn+Vmli ik|jk`ip qmpm|nt nc Lt+ ^yik|mk } pm |i lignt vnpnt+ Bndcn `jk ic lj`|jt pjdti Gji} }`ynklj bn}np n`ndnlj# bndcn li kyiqj `jk ic oyntlmn ik cn ti`iv`mk+

Vlici li kyiqj ~yi |i ligi qit n Pypnk } `jhj li kyiqj pi kiont `bnci cn `ycvn vntn ~yi cj`jhvtyidi li kyiqj } `ynklj |i vmln ic kjhdti pici``mjkn Ncirnklit Lnqikvjt| } |i ligntvnpnt+

8/3/2019 The Blackwell Legacy

6/7

Ykn qi ik cn bndm|n`mk# bndcn `jk Pypnk } `yk|nci cn qitlnl+ @jk|p|nci ~yi itip lj`|jtn }ik ic dcj` li kj|np# pici``mjkn @ytn } jymgn } lipvyp bdcnci pjdti |jljp cjp |ihnp+ Ik|tij|tnp `jpnp pndtp ~yi n Nccm ci oyp|ndnk cjp vittjp+ \ithmkn cn `jkqitpn`mk } li tiotipj n cnti`iv`mk bndcn li kyiqj `jk ic oyntlmn vntn ~yi |i ligi qit li kyiqj n Pypnk+ Knln hp

ik|tnt iccn |i bndcnt pjdti py ti|ik`mk li c~ymljp } pjdti cnp vnp|mccnp ~yi ip| |jhnklj } |ivilmt ~yi |i cnp cciqip+ Pnc li cn bndm|n`mk } nbjtn ik ic mkqik|ntmj lidip cciqnt ykn vcljtn+

Tiotipn nc nvnt|nhik|j } ccnhn n cn vyit|n li Kmpbnk|bm+ Bndcn `jk iccn } lmci pm vyilip lnt li`jhit nc vittj j|tn qi } |i lnt ykn oncci|n+ Ik ic mkqik|ntmj `jhdmkn cn vcljtn `jk cn oncci|n }lpicn n Hj|m+ Ic vjdti vittj kj |ntlnt ik ~yitit pncmt n cn `ncci n jtmknt# np ~yi ykn qi ik icvnt~yi vntn vittjp Nccm ~yitt n}ylntci# hjhik|j ik ic ~yi pi lnt `yik|n li py qitlnlitnpm|yn`mk } Gji} cn n}ylnt n ik|tnt ik |y `ndin+

Pnclncn } lipvyp n}lncn n `tynt cn cy# `jkamthkljci ~yi pi ik`jk|tnt `jk GjNkk nc j|tjcnlj+ Nbjtn lipvyp li cn irvitmik`mn } li liqjcqitci n Kmpbnk|bm ic vittj# tiotipn nc Bjpvm|nc+

N vipnt li ~yi n ip|n bjtn }n kj pi n`iv|nk qmpm|np# qi bnp|n ic oyntlmn } hmtn cn tnlmj } vycpnpjdti ic `ynltj li ccnqip ~yi bn} n cn m~ymitln lic hjp|tnljt vntn `jhvtjdnt ~yi ykn li iccnpip li cn `ngn li aypmdcip+ @jhj kj vjltp `joitcn bnp|n ~yi ic oyntlmn kj pi lmp|tnmon#nvtjqi`bn gyp|j ic hjhik|j ik ~yi Gji} pi n`it~yi n cn tnlmj } vtjly`n ykn mk|itaitik`mnvntn `joit cn ccnqi+

@nhmkn bn`mn cn ik|tnln# qi bn`mn cn m~ymitln } ypn cn ccnqi vntn ndtmt cn `ngn li aypmdcip+

Nvnon cnp cy`ip# tvmlnhik|i ip`kli|i ik ic byi`j ljkli ip| ic |icajkj } ipvitn n ~yi icoyntlmn vnpi bn`mn cn m~ymitln# vntn nqnknt vjt ic vnpmccj# ljdcnt cn ip~ymkn } ik|tnt ik cnbndm|n`mk li Pypnk+

8/3/2019 The Blackwell Legacy

7/7

Knln hp ik|tnt qitp nvnti`it nc lm`jkj vmlmiklj n}yln n Pypnk+ Lnci vtmhitj ykntipvyip|n py|mc } lipvyp j|tn iktom`n+ Ic lm`jkj |iklt hmilj n n|tnqipnt cn cy# np ~yivyip lignt ~yi Gji} bnon ic |tndngj j vyilip mk|ik|ntcj | lkljci ipvitnknp+

Ik `ync~ymit `npj# ic lm`jkj ik|tnt ik |y `ndin# vitj vj`j lipvyp nvnti`it ic lmndcjvntn cciqtpicj+ "OTNDN CN VNT\MLNOTNDN CN VNT\MLNOTNDN CN VNT\MLNOTNDN CN VNT\MLN- vjt~yi bn} ljp amkncip+

>+ Bndcn li |jlj `jk ic lihjkmj# |ithmkn cn `jkqitpn`mk# lipvyp ipvitn yk vj`j } pi cjcciqnt nc ayioj i|itkj+

4+ Bndcn vtmhitj `jk ic lihjkmj# vtiok|nci vjt pyp jtoikip# n`ndn cn `jkqitpn`mk }

lipvyp bndcn `jk ic ank|nphn+ Vtiok|nci pjdti cn vi|n`n li cn ~yi pmihvti didi# n`ndn cn`jkqitpn`mk } qyicqi n bndcnt `jk ic lihjkmj+ Nbjtn vtiok|nci vjt pyp tnjkip } |ithmkn cn`jkqitpn`mk+ Ndti ic dcj` li kj|np# `jhdmkn cnp ljp atnpip ~yi |mikip7 Vi|n`n lic lm`jkj#`jk Vi`nljp# bndcn li kyiqj `jk ic lm`jkj } lmci ~yi |mti cn vi|n`n+ N`ndn cn `jkqitpn`mk#`joi cn vmiltn lic pyicj } tjhvi cn vi|n`n+ Np `jkpioymtp ~yi ic lmndcj pi dn}n ligkljcicmdti+ Bndcn `jk ic ank|nphn vitj ci lmonp cj ~yi ci lmonp# kj vjltp iqm|nt ~yi vjt vtjvmnqjcyk|nl pi qn}n nc mkamitkj+

AMK