The Body’s The Body’s Transportation Transportation

SystemSystem

The Body’s The Body’s Transportation Transportation

SystemSystemOur Our

Cardiovascular Cardiovascular SystemSystem

Our Our Cardiovascular Cardiovascular

SystemSystem

The cardiovascular The cardiovascular system (or system (or circulatory system) circulatory system) consists of three consists of three parts: parts: 1.)1.)the the heartheart, , 2.)2.)blood vesselsblood vessels, and , and 3.)3.)bloodblood..

The cardiovascular The cardiovascular system (or system (or circulatory system) circulatory system) consists of three consists of three parts: parts: 1.)1.)the the heartheart, , 2.)2.)blood vesselsblood vessels, and , and 3.)3.)bloodblood..

Its PartsIts Parts

The 2 Main Functions The 2 Main Functions of the of the

Cardiovascular Cardiovascular systemsystem

The 2 Main Functions The 2 Main Functions of the of the

Cardiovascular Cardiovascular systemsystem

A.) The cardiovascular system’s A.) The cardiovascular system’s bloodstream bloodstream carries needed materials carries needed materials to cells. to cells.

For example, blood carries oxygen For example, blood carries oxygen from the lungs to your body cells. from the lungs to your body cells. Remember the nutrients from the Remember the nutrients from the digestive system are absorbed into digestive system are absorbed into blood vessel-filled villi lining the blood vessel-filled villi lining the small intestine. These nutrients are small intestine. These nutrients are then carried in the blood throughout then carried in the blood throughout the body to wherever they are needed.the body to wherever they are needed.

A.) The cardiovascular system’s A.) The cardiovascular system’s bloodstream bloodstream carries needed materials carries needed materials to cells. to cells.

For example, blood carries oxygen For example, blood carries oxygen from the lungs to your body cells. from the lungs to your body cells. Remember the nutrients from the Remember the nutrients from the digestive system are absorbed into digestive system are absorbed into blood vessel-filled villi lining the blood vessel-filled villi lining the small intestine. These nutrients are small intestine. These nutrients are then carried in the blood throughout then carried in the blood throughout the body to wherever they are needed.the body to wherever they are needed.

The Cardiovasc. The Cardiovasc. Systems Functions Systems Functions

(cont.)(cont.)

The Cardiovasc. The Cardiovasc. Systems Functions Systems Functions

(cont.)(cont.) B.) The cardiovascular system B.) The cardiovascular system also also picks up waste products from cells picks up waste products from cells and delivers them to places where and delivers them to places where they can be eliminated.they can be eliminated.

For example, when cells use glucose For example, when cells use glucose for energy they produce COfor energy they produce CO2 2 as a as a waste product. This COwaste product. This CO22 is then is then carried by the blood to the lungs carried by the blood to the lungs where it is eliminated as you where it is eliminated as you exhale.exhale.

B.) The cardiovascular system B.) The cardiovascular system also also picks up waste products from cells picks up waste products from cells and delivers them to places where and delivers them to places where they can be eliminated.they can be eliminated.

For example, when cells use glucose For example, when cells use glucose for energy they produce COfor energy they produce CO2 2 as a as a waste product. This COwaste product. This CO22 is then is then carried by the blood to the lungs carried by the blood to the lungs where it is eliminated as you where it is eliminated as you exhale.exhale.

Cardio syst. Functions Cardio syst. Functions (cont)(cont)

Cardio syst. Functions Cardio syst. Functions (cont)(cont)

The cardiovascular system also The cardiovascular system also transports cells that attack transports cells that attack disease-causing organisms. disease-causing organisms.

These can help you from These can help you from becoming sick and if you do get becoming sick and if you do get sick,thesesick,these

disease-fighting blood cells disease-fighting blood cells will kill the disease-causing will kill the disease-causing microorganisms to help you get microorganisms to help you get well.well.

The cardiovascular system also The cardiovascular system also transports cells that attack transports cells that attack disease-causing organisms. disease-causing organisms.

These can help you from These can help you from becoming sick and if you do get becoming sick and if you do get sick,thesesick,these

disease-fighting blood cells disease-fighting blood cells will kill the disease-causing will kill the disease-causing microorganisms to help you get microorganisms to help you get well.well.

The HeartThe HeartThe HeartThe Heart The heart is a hollow muscular The heart is a hollow muscular organ that's main job is to pump organ that's main job is to pump blood throughout the body.blood throughout the body.

Each time it beats it pushes blood. Each time it beats it pushes blood. The force it exerts pushing blood The force it exerts pushing blood creates your blood pressure.creates your blood pressure.

It is made of cardiac muscle which It is made of cardiac muscle which can contract without getting tired.can contract without getting tired.

It may beat over 3 billion times It may beat over 3 billion times over the course of your over the course of your lifespan!!!!lifespan!!!!

The heart is a hollow muscular The heart is a hollow muscular organ that's main job is to pump organ that's main job is to pump blood throughout the body.blood throughout the body.

Each time it beats it pushes blood. Each time it beats it pushes blood. The force it exerts pushing blood The force it exerts pushing blood creates your blood pressure.creates your blood pressure.

It is made of cardiac muscle which It is made of cardiac muscle which can contract without getting tired.can contract without getting tired.

It may beat over 3 billion times It may beat over 3 billion times over the course of your over the course of your lifespan!!!!lifespan!!!!

The Heart The Heart (cont…._)(cont…._)

Its Structure: Its Structure:

The Heart The Heart (cont…._)(cont…._)

Its Structure: Its Structure: The heart has 4 chambers. It is The heart has 4 chambers. It is divided into two sides and each side divided into two sides and each side has 2 chambers-an upper and lower.has 2 chambers-an upper and lower.

The upper chambers (each is called The upper chambers (each is called an an atriumatrium)), , receivereceive blood that blood that comes comes into theinto the heart. heart.

The two lower chambers (called The two lower chambers (called ventriclesventricles) pump blood ) pump blood outout of the of the heart.heart.

The heart has 4 chambers. It is The heart has 4 chambers. It is divided into two sides and each side divided into two sides and each side has 2 chambers-an upper and lower.has 2 chambers-an upper and lower.

The upper chambers (each is called The upper chambers (each is called an an atriumatrium)), , receivereceive blood that blood that comes comes into theinto the heart. heart.

The two lower chambers (called The two lower chambers (called ventriclesventricles) pump blood ) pump blood outout of the of the heart.heart.

How the Heart How the Heart WorksWorks

How the Heart How the Heart WorksWorks The action of the heart works in The action of the heart works in

two phases. In the two phases. In the 1st phase1st phase, , heart muscle relaxes and the atria heart muscle relaxes and the atria fill with blood. In the fill with blood. In the second second phasephase, the atria contract, pushing , the atria contract, pushing blood through the heart valves to blood through the heart valves to fill the ventricles. Then the fill the ventricles. Then the ventricles contract (which closes ventricles contract (which closes the valves between the atria and the valves between the atria and ventricles) pumping blood out of ventricles) pumping blood out of the heart and through large blood the heart and through large blood vessels.vessels.

The action of the heart works in The action of the heart works in two phases. In the two phases. In the 1st phase1st phase, , heart muscle relaxes and the atria heart muscle relaxes and the atria fill with blood. In the fill with blood. In the second second phasephase, the atria contract, pushing , the atria contract, pushing blood through the heart valves to blood through the heart valves to fill the ventricles. Then the fill the ventricles. Then the ventricles contract (which closes ventricles contract (which closes the valves between the atria and the valves between the atria and ventricles) pumping blood out of ventricles) pumping blood out of the heart and through large blood the heart and through large blood vessels.vessels.

A small group of cells called the A small group of cells called the PacemakerPacemaker (located in the right (located in the right atrium), send out electrical atrium), send out electrical signals that tell the heart when signals that tell the heart when to contract, regulating your heart to contract, regulating your heart rate.rate.

For example, the For example, the pacemakerpacemaker is is constantly getting messages about constantly getting messages about the body’s oxygen needs. Exercise the body’s oxygen needs. Exercise causes you to use up oxygen so causes you to use up oxygen so your body sends messages to the your body sends messages to the pacemakerpacemaker to increase the heart to increase the heart rate so that oxygenated blood rate so that oxygenated blood reaches body cells faster.reaches body cells faster.

A small group of cells called the A small group of cells called the PacemakerPacemaker (located in the right (located in the right atrium), send out electrical atrium), send out electrical signals that tell the heart when signals that tell the heart when to contract, regulating your heart to contract, regulating your heart rate.rate.

For example, the For example, the pacemakerpacemaker is is constantly getting messages about constantly getting messages about the body’s oxygen needs. Exercise the body’s oxygen needs. Exercise causes you to use up oxygen so causes you to use up oxygen so your body sends messages to the your body sends messages to the pacemakerpacemaker to increase the heart to increase the heart rate so that oxygenated blood rate so that oxygenated blood reaches body cells faster.reaches body cells faster.

Blood Vessels and Blood Vessels and CirculationCirculation

Blood Vessels and Blood Vessels and CirculationCirculation

The body has three different kinds of The body has three different kinds of blood vessels.blood vessels.

1.)1.) ArteriesArteries: which carry blood away : which carry blood away from the heart.from the heart.

From the arteries, blood flows into From the arteries, blood flows into tiny blood vessels called tiny blood vessels called 2.)2.) CCapillariesapillaries where substances like where substances like nutrients, Onutrients, O22, and wastes are exchanged , and wastes are exchanged between blood and body cells.between blood and body cells.

Then blood flows into larger vessels Then blood flows into larger vessels called called 3.)3.) VeinsVeins, which carry , which carry blood back to the heart.blood back to the heart.

The body has three different kinds of The body has three different kinds of blood vessels.blood vessels.

1.)1.) ArteriesArteries: which carry blood away : which carry blood away from the heart.from the heart.

From the arteries, blood flows into From the arteries, blood flows into tiny blood vessels called tiny blood vessels called 2.)2.) CCapillariesapillaries where substances like where substances like nutrients, Onutrients, O22, and wastes are exchanged , and wastes are exchanged between blood and body cells.between blood and body cells.

Then blood flows into larger vessels Then blood flows into larger vessels called called 3.)3.) VeinsVeins, which carry , which carry blood back to the heart.blood back to the heart.

Blood Vessels and Blood Vessels and Circulation (cont…)Circulation (cont…)Blood Vessels and Blood Vessels and

Circulation (cont…)Circulation (cont…) In our bodies, blood flows in two In our bodies, blood flows in two loops. In the 1stloops. In the 1st loop loop, the , the heart’s right atrium pumps heart’s right atrium pumps OO22-poor -poor bloodblood into the right ventricle into the right ventricle which then pumps blood into an which then pumps blood into an artery taking blood to the artery taking blood to the capillaries that fill the lungs capillaries that fill the lungs (where it picks up O(where it picks up O22 and gets rid and gets rid of COof CO22) then into veins that carry ) then into veins that carry oxygenated blood to the heart oxygenated blood to the heart (into the left atrium).(into the left atrium).

In our bodies, blood flows in two In our bodies, blood flows in two loops. In the 1stloops. In the 1st loop loop, the , the heart’s right atrium pumps heart’s right atrium pumps OO22-poor -poor bloodblood into the right ventricle into the right ventricle which then pumps blood into an which then pumps blood into an artery taking blood to the artery taking blood to the capillaries that fill the lungs capillaries that fill the lungs (where it picks up O(where it picks up O22 and gets rid and gets rid of COof CO22) then into veins that carry ) then into veins that carry oxygenated blood to the heart oxygenated blood to the heart (into the left atrium).(into the left atrium).

Blood Vessels and Blood Vessels and Circulation (cont…)Circulation (cont…)Blood Vessels and Blood Vessels and

Circulation (cont…)Circulation (cont…) In the In the 2nd loop2nd loop, the left atrium , the left atrium pumps pumps oxygenated bloodoxygenated blood into the left into the left ventricle which then pumps it into ventricle which then pumps it into the the aortaaorta (the largest artery). (the largest artery). From the aorta blood flows into From the aorta blood flows into smaller branching arteries that take smaller branching arteries that take it throughout the body to it throughout the body to capillaries where it delivers things capillaries where it delivers things the body needs (like nutrients, Othe body needs (like nutrients, O22) ) and picks up wastes. Then, the blood and picks up wastes. Then, the blood returns through veins again to the returns through veins again to the heart (ending up in the right heart (ending up in the right atrium) completing the 2nd loop.atrium) completing the 2nd loop.

In the In the 2nd loop2nd loop, the left atrium , the left atrium pumps pumps oxygenated bloodoxygenated blood into the left into the left ventricle which then pumps it into ventricle which then pumps it into the the aortaaorta (the largest artery). (the largest artery). From the aorta blood flows into From the aorta blood flows into smaller branching arteries that take smaller branching arteries that take it throughout the body to it throughout the body to capillaries where it delivers things capillaries where it delivers things the body needs (like nutrients, Othe body needs (like nutrients, O22) ) and picks up wastes. Then, the blood and picks up wastes. Then, the blood returns through veins again to the returns through veins again to the heart (ending up in the right heart (ending up in the right atrium) completing the 2nd loop.atrium) completing the 2nd loop.