the bones of limbs the lower limbs by khaled na3im

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The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

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Page 1: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The bones of limbs

The lower Limbs

By Khaled Na3im

Page 2: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The pelvic girdle = 2 Hip bones + Sacrum

The hip bone ( coxa ) consists of three components:

ilium,

pubis,

and ischium.

Page 3: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

Acetabulum and obturator foramen

Page 4: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The ilium

a body a wing or ala :iliac crest → anterior

superior iliac spine , posterior superior iliac spine, anterior inferior iliac spine , posterior inferior iliac spine, tubercle of iliac crest

other structures: iliac fossa and arcuate line

Page 5: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 6: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 7: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The ischium

a body :ischial tuberosity a ramus:ischial spine , lesser sciatic notch

greater sciatic notch

Page 8: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The pubis

a body: iliopubic eminence and 2 rami:

inferior ramus superior ramus : pecten pubis,

pubic tubercle

Page 9: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 10: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 11: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

Sciatic foramina

Page 12: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The Bones of Lower Limb

femur, patella tibia, fibula,

and bones of foot .

Page 13: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The femurThe upper end: a head … a neck …, and two trochanters …The shaft: is convex anterior linea aspera ( post. Surface ) gluteal tuberosity pectineal line The lower end: medial condyle and lateral condyle, medial and lateral epicondyles adductor tubercle

Page 14: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 15: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 16: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

Femur: Posterior

TibiaFibula

Femur

Lateral condyleMedial condyle

Linea aspera

Greater trochanter

Lesser trochanter

PelvisHead of femur

Page 17: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The patella

Page 18: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

Bursae Related toKnee joint

Page 19: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The tibia

The upper end: medial and lateral condyles, intercondylar eminence , tibial tuberosity, The shaft: soleal line, interosseous border The lower end : medial malleolus, fibular notch

Page 20: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 21: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The LegFemur

Tibia

Fibula

Tibial tuberosity

Talus (tarsal bone)

Medial malleolusLateral malleolus

Medial condyle of tibia

Lateral condyle of tibia

Lateral condyle of femur

Medial condyle of femur

Knee cap

Page 22: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The fibula

The upper end: a head …and neck …The shaft: interosseous border

The lower end : lateral malleolus

Page 23: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The bones of the foot:

three parts: . the tarsal bones are 7,

. the metatarsal bones are 5

. the phalanges

Page 24: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

The tarsal bones

proximal row: talus, calcaneus, navicular and cuboid

distal row: medial, intermedial and

lateral cuneiforms

Page 25: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 26: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im
Page 27: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

Medialcuneiform (1)Intermediate

cuneiform (2)

Lateralcuneiform (3)

NavicularA boatIt sails on the Cs

Talus

Calcaneus Cuboid

Tiger Cubs Need M I LC

Page 28: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

Foot Quiz

A

B

C

D

E

F

GH

J

Page 29: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

A. Phalanges

B. Metatarsals

C. Cuboid

D. Calcaneus

E. Talus

F. Navicular

G. Medial Cuneiform (1)

H. IntermediateCuneiform (2)

J. Lateral Cuneiform (3)

Page 30: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

Anatomical DrawingsCopyright Free Anatomical Drawings:

• Online:• Gray’s Anatomy, 1918: 1250 free drawings with descriptions.

Excellent quality, but heavily labeled. http://www.bartleby.com/107/

• Carl Bock. Handbuch der Anatomie des Menschen. 1841. Put on the web by Ronald A. Bergmanhttp://www.anatomyatlases.org/atlasofanatomy/index.shtmlGreat drawings; fewer labels than Gray’s.

• Old Books (UC Berkeley Biosciences Library: (Xerox, then scan):• Cull, P., Ed. (1989). The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration.

Park Ridge, NJ, Parthenon. Simple line drawings. Copyright free.• Toldt, C. (1907). Anatomischer Atlas fur Studierende und Arzte.

Berlin, Urban & Schwarzenberg. • The Limb Bones Powerpoint uses line drawings from Cull.• This disc has examples of drawings from Gray’s & Bock (skull & pelvis)• Make your own photographs & drawings using our models

Page 31: The bones of limbs The lower Limbs By Khaled Na3im

Medical Mnemonics

Some are in books like this:

• Goldberg, S. (1984). Clinical Anatomy Made Ridiculously Simple. Miami, FL, MedMaster.

There are many more on the Internet. The best site that I have seen is Medical Mnemonics:

• http://www.medicalmnemonics.com

Try making up your own