the building blocks of life section 6.4. i. organic chemistry a.carbon is a component of almost all...
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The Building Blocks of LifeSection 6.4
I. Organic Chemistry
A. Carbon is a component of almost all biological molecules
1. Has 4 electrons in outermost energy level
2. Can form 4 covalent bonds
3. Shape: straight chains, branched chains and rings
II. Macromolecules
A. Macromolecules
1. Macro= large
2. Large molecules formed by joining smaller organic molecules together
B.Polymers
1. Poly= many
2. Meros= part
3. Molecules made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds
4. Linked together by a series of covalent bonds
III. Types of macromolecules
A. Carbohydrates
1. Store energy
2. Provide structural support
3. Examples: glucose (mono) and sucrose (di)
III. Types of macromolecules
B. Proteins
1. Transport substances
2. Speed reactions
3. Provide structural support
4. Make hormones
5. Example: Keratin and collagen
III. Types of macromolecules
C. Lipids
1. Fats
2. Store energy
3. Provide barriers
4. Examples: oils, waxes, phospholipids
III. Types of macromolecules
D. Nucleic acids
1. Store and communicate genetic information
2. Example: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
1. Which element do almost all biological molecules contain?
2. What type of biological molecule is an enzyme?
3. What are fats, oils, and waxes composed of?
4 What biological molecule transports substances between cells?.
3. What are fats, oils, and waxes composed of?
4 What biological molecule transports substances between cells?.
Answers:
1. Carbon
2. Protein
3. Lipids
4. proteins