the cattle kingdom. longhorns brought by spaniards in 1500’s brought by spaniards in 1500’s...
TRANSCRIPT
LonghornsLonghorns Brought by Spaniards in Brought by Spaniards in
1500’s1500’s Horns may be 6 ft. wideHorns may be 6 ft. wide Run fastRun fast 1700’s and 1800’s:1700’s and 1800’s:
Herds grewHerds grew American and Mexican American and Mexican
settlers began settlers began ranches in South ranches in South TexasTexas
Longhorns used to Longhorns used to start herdsstart herds
Early Texas RanchersEarly Texas Ranchers
King Ranch, the most famous, was founded by King Ranch, the most famous, was founded by Richard King in 1852. The ranch doubled in size Richard King in 1852. The ranch doubled in size after his death to now be over 1 million acres, after his death to now be over 1 million acres, larger than Rhode Island.larger than Rhode Island.
The JA Ranch, founded by Charles Goodnight, The JA Ranch, founded by Charles Goodnight, included more than 100,000 cattleincluded more than 100,000 cattle
The XIT Ranch was located the panhandle and The XIT Ranch was located the panhandle and spanned over 3 million acres and consisted of spanned over 3 million acres and consisted of 6,000 miles of fence. The Ranch was later sold 6,000 miles of fence. The Ranch was later sold to homesteaders and ranchers. to homesteaders and ranchers.
Rise of Cattle BusinessRise of Cattle Business
BEFORE CIVIL WARBEFORE CIVIL WAR Millions of Millions of
longhorns in Texaslonghorns in Texas Sold for only $4 Sold for only $4
eacheach Ranchers raised Ranchers raised
cattle for leather cattle for leather and for tallow, or and for tallow, or fat, which was used fat, which was used in candles and soapin candles and soap
AFTER CIVIL WARAFTER CIVIL WAR Northern cities Northern cities
wanted beefwanted beef Price of longhorns Price of longhorns
rose from $4 to $40rose from $4 to $40 Northern cities Northern cities
made cattle made cattle ranchers more ranchers more moneymoney
Cattle drives beganCattle drives began One trail used was One trail used was
Chisholm Trail to Chisholm Trail to Abilene, KansasAbilene, Kansas
Famous Women RanchersFamous Women Ranchers
Margarita VillarealMargarita Villareal Florencia BonavideFlorencia Bonavide Paula Rodriguez, Paula Rodriguez, Lizzie Johnson Lizzie Johnson
WilliamsWilliams Margaret Heferman Margaret Heferman
BorlandBorland Could own land, but Could own land, but
could not vote!!could not vote!!
Life on the TrailLife on the Trail
Destination: Kansas and the Destination: Kansas and the RailroadRailroad
Cattle were rounded up and Cattle were rounded up and
branded in early springbranded in early spring Herds size: 3,000Herds size: 3,000 Number of men: 11-18Number of men: 11-18 Jobs: Trail Boss, Cook, Scout, Jobs: Trail Boss, Cook, Scout,
Horse Wranglers, Waddies or Horse Wranglers, Waddies or Trail hands, Pointers, Flanks Trail hands, Pointers, Flanks and Drag.and Drag.
Life on the TrailLife on the Trail
Horses: 50 – 60 to ensure Horses: 50 – 60 to ensure that the horses stayed fresh.that the horses stayed fresh.
Distance per day: 10 -15 Distance per day: 10 -15 milesmiles
Length of trip: 3 monthsLength of trip: 3 months Possible Dangers: Possible Dangers:
rainstorms, rattlesnakes, rainstorms, rattlesnakes, stampedes, drowning at river stampedes, drowning at river crossings, extreme heat, crossings, extreme heat, Indian and Indian and
bandit attacks. bandit attacks.
End of the Cattle KingdomEnd of the Cattle Kingdom
The decline started when farmers began sharing The decline started when farmers began sharing the plain and fencing their land.the plain and fencing their land.
Ranchers put up fencing on their land too.Ranchers put up fencing on their land too. Fences:Fences:
Before 1870 - rocks or woodBefore 1870 - rocks or wood 1873 - Joseph Glidden of Illinois - sold barbed 1873 - Joseph Glidden of Illinois - sold barbed
wire - a twisted wire with sharp pointswire - a twisted wire with sharp points Led to fightingLed to fighting Made long drives harderMade long drives harder
Drives ended when railroads were built into TexasDrives ended when railroads were built into Texas
PowerPoint QuizPowerPoint Quiz
Write the answers on a clean Write the answers on a clean sheet of paper.sheet of paper.
PowerPoint QuizPowerPoint Quiz
In what century were cattle introduced to In what century were cattle introduced to Texas?Texas?
Name one famous Texas Ranch. (hint: Name one famous Texas Ranch. (hint: larger than Rhode Island)larger than Rhode Island)
What is the name for a Spanish cowboy?What is the name for a Spanish cowboy?
PowerPoint QuizPowerPoint Quiz
Why were the cattle herded to the north?Why were the cattle herded to the north?
Who invented barbed wire?Who invented barbed wire?
What do you call the leader of the cattle What do you call the leader of the cattle drive?drive?
PowerPoint QuizPowerPoint Quiz
Before barbed wire, how did ranchers corral Before barbed wire, how did ranchers corral the cattle?the cattle?
Name one woman cattle rancher?Name one woman cattle rancher?
Could women own land?Could women own land?
What happened to end cattle drives?What happened to end cattle drives?