the changing landscape of farming in south africa
TRANSCRIPT
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The Changing Landscape of Farming in South Africa
Erik Holm, Ian van Brouwershaven9th June 2015, Amsterdam
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Scope
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KareeboschAmmondaleDikgale
Staging Depot - Lanseria
Pontdrift Esméfour
Waterpoort
JachtpadBanganiBHBGomotoMatomahoekVreedzaam
WagendriftMorgenzonOlyfberg
Haakiesdoorn
Ceres
Oudrif
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Willem van Zyl arrived in South Africa in 1699. Employed by the Dutch East India Company
ZZ2 incorporated as a company in 1965
History
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Tomatoes 2,000ha 190’000 tons p.a.
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ZZ2 further produces
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Our Inspiration ZZ2 wants to be the benchmark of success in agriculture
by creating sustainable value for all its stakeholders as a living, open system.
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ZZ2 Stakeholders
• Customers• Suppliers• Trading Partners• Government• Society• Future Generations• Nature• Employees• Shareholders
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Population “000,000
2015 2050 2100
Africa 1,166 2,393 4,185
World 7,325 9,551 10,854
16% 25% 39%
Our CustomersAfrica is the size of what…
USA
Europe
China
India
UK
Japan
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Our Customers Consumer requirements
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100 South African Tomato Product LinesFood safety and traceabilityEnvironmental responsibilitySocial responsibilityQualityHealthPackagingAvailabilityUse and user friendlyValue for money
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ZZ2 uses best applicable technologies in harmony with natural resources and ecosystem laws.
We call this Natuurboerdery® Healthy food from healthy soil with healthy relationships
How do we farm? ZZ2 Natuurboerdery®
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Passive Protected Technologies
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Customer value and productivity Technology Curve
100 t/ha
300 t/ha
600+ t/ha
Open field
Passive Indoors
RevenueHigh risk,
low income
Customer Value for money
High cost, limited market
10k EU/ha
100k EU/ha
1000k EU/ha
Cost/unit
Cost/unit
Revenue
Revenue
Cost/unit
Active Indoors
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Customer value and productivity Energy vs Nature
100 t/ha
300 t/ha
600+ t/ha
Open field
Passive Indoors
Extensive Inputs Energy Intensive
Balance
Climate Control Energy Intensive
10k EU/ha
100k EU/ha
1000k EU/ha
Active Indoors
Heating, Cooling, Ventilation, Lighting
Nature’s free EnergySun, Climate, IPM,
Compost
Production EnergyFertilizer
Pesticides
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Developments ( 2005 – 2015)1. Plastic Greenhouse, automation, RH control
• Rain advantage
• High capital investment• Ventilation, Temperature
• Good wet season results
Passive Protected Technologies
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Developments ( 2008 – 2015)2. Insect Nethouse structures passive control
• Low capital investment
• Rain disadvantage
• Good dry season results
Passive Protected Technologies
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Developments ( 2013 – 2015)3. Hybrids
• Best of Both ?
Passive Protected Technologies
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The Results
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The Challenges
• Adaptation to climate– Summer season, Rain– Winter season, Frost– Intermediate production cycles, 9 months– Short cycle 6 months– Long cycle 11 months
• Energy cost• Capital outlay
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The plan forward
• Replace 2000ha open field production with 600ha natuurboerdery® protected farming technology– 100ha established– 80% more water efficient per unit produced– Land resource utilization factor 1 : 14 !
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ZZ2, Changing the GameNatuurboerderyIn harmony with nature Fractal NetworksOpen System Approach
– Customer value– Relevance
ZZ2 (1990's)
United States (
1998)
Californ
ia (1998)
Eurozo
ne (2004)
Thailand (2
011)
Vietnam (2003)
ZZ2 (2002-2010)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
EIQ values for different tomato produc-tion regions
EIQ
Sco
re (A
vg)
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ZZ2, Changing the GameKe Tzwa Tzweo“ That….. is it!”
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Consider timing
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CLOSED SYSTEM OPEN SYSTEM
Does not change or adapt, everything happens continuously
Changes over time, adapts. Paradigm shifts are possible.
Each process can be reversed (e.g. water <> ice <> water).
Processes once-off on the timeline (irreversible e. g. water under the bridge; life).
Centralised and isolated, focused and orientated only on itself.
Sensitive, decentralised and tuned in to the external environment.
Vertically organized – information (e.g. orders) flow linearly from top to bottom.
Horizontally organized – information networks in all directions. Feedback systems.
System philosophy of Aristotle
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The ecology of an economic farming unit or farming system:
The ideal size will differ for each function
Optimized communication and transport
Small- Effective- Vulnerable- Adaptable
Large- Safe- Possibly
ineffective- Productive- Inflexible
Super-organismEffectiveness, productivity &adaptability continuously improving
Mutualistic co-existence
Source: ZZ2 (2014)
Responses to the challenges
Infrastructure Activities
Size
Effici
ency
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The Four Causes of Aristotle• Causa Finalis [The Ultimate Goal]
– The purpose for which the system exists– The purpose or end that is to be served:
• i.e., the CONSUMER
• Causa Formalis [The Formal Structures]– The formal arrangement of processes and physical
structures and matter that constitute the system• i.e., the systems’ definitions, form, pattern, strategy, design,
whole, and synthesis
• Causa Efficiens [The Processes]– The primary source of all the “work” done; what sets the
system in motion• i.e., the systems’ programmes, activities, functions,
interactions
• Causa Materialis [The Material]– The physical material of which the system is composed of
or consists of• i.e., seeds , edible product packaging materials
Supra system:purpose & form
Sub system:work & material
Informs Provides
CONSUMERS
PRODUCERS
The Value Channel of Fresh Produce- an integrated model: “We are all agents for customer value”