the circulatory system. primary function the function of the circulatory system is to transport...
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The Circulatory The Circulatory SystemSystem
Primary FunctionPrimary Function The function of the The function of the circulatory circulatory
systemsystem is to transport is to transport nutrientsnutrients and and oxygen (Ooxygen (O22)) toto cellscells around around the body and to remove the body and to remove wasteswastes including including carbon dioxide (COcarbon dioxide (CO22)). .
The fluid part of this system is the The fluid part of this system is the blood.blood.
Three PathwaysThree Pathways
1.1. Coronary Coronary circulation circulation is the is the flow of blood to flow of blood to and from the and from the heart. heart.
- If this circulation - If this circulation is blocked= Heart is blocked= Heart AttackAttack
Cont. Three PathwaysCont. Three Pathways
2. 2. Pulmonary circulationPulmonary circulation is the is the flow of blood to and from the flow of blood to and from the lungslungs to gather to gather oxygenoxygen. .
Cont. Three PathwaysCont. Three Pathways3. 3. Systemic Systemic
circulation circulation is the is the flow of blood to flow of blood to and from and from all all other organs and other organs and tissues of the tissues of the body. body. (EXCEPT (EXCEPT those previously those previously mentioned)mentioned)
The HeartThe Heart Heart is a muscular organ that Heart is a muscular organ that
pumps blood to lungs and other parts pumps blood to lungs and other parts of the body. of the body.
Atria-P Atrium- S Upper chamber
Ventricles – Lower chamber
2 of each
A total of 4 chambers
Structure of HeartStructure of Heart
Four chambers Four chambers – Two upper Two upper
(Atria)(Atria) Right atriumRight atrium Left atriumLeft atrium
– Two lower Two lower (Ventricles)(Ventricles) Right VentricleRight Ventricle Left VentricleLeft Ventricle
Cont. The HeartCont. The HeartValves - separate the top and bottom chambers and prevents blood from flowing backwards. (one way)
Septum- seputm wall that SEPARATES the left side of the heart that contains oxygen from the right side of the that does not.
Your Blood Vessels: Your Blood Vessels: Pathway of CirculationPathway of Circulation
3 types of blood vessels3 types of blood vessels– ArteriesArteries– VeinsVeins– CapillariesCapillaries
Artery (Arteries):Artery (Arteries):carry blood carry blood Away from heartway from heart– LargeLarge– Thick- Thick- MuscularMuscular walled walled– Oxygenated blood Oxygenated blood
Exception Pulmonary ArteryException Pulmonary Artery
– Carried under great pressureCarried under great pressure
Veins:Veins:Carry blood to the heart
– Carries blood that Carries blood that contains waste and COcontains waste and CO22
Exception pulmonary veinException pulmonary vein
– Blood not under much Blood not under much pressurepressure
– ValvesValves to prevent much to prevent much gravity pullgravity pull
Varicose VeinsVaricose VeinsDamaged Valves in VeinsDamaged Valves in Veins
Artery vs. VeinArtery vs. Vein
Capillaries:Capillaries:tiny blood vessels that tiny blood vessels that connect connect
arteries to veinsarteries to veins
– Smallest vesselSmallest vessel– MicroscopicMicroscopic– Walls one cell thickWalls one cell thick– Nutrients and Nutrients and
gases diffuse heregases diffuse here
Some Important VesselsSome Important Vessels
Aorta- Largest artery which sends oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
Pulmonary artery – carries blood from the heart to the lungs to get oxygen
Some Important VesselsSome Important VesselsSuperior vena cava- major vein that carries unoxgenated blood from the UPPER parts of the body.
Pulmonary vein – carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart
Inferior vena cava- major vein that carries unoxgenated blood from the LOWER parts of the body.
Capillaries of head and arms
Capillaries of abdominal organs and legs
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary vein
Capillaries of right lung
Superior vena cava Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Capillaries of left lung
Functions of Blood:Functions of Blood:
Function:Function:
1.1.Carries Oxygen (OCarries Oxygen (O22) to cells (from ) to cells (from lungs) and Carbon dioxide (COlungs) and Carbon dioxide (CO22) away) away
2.2.Carries nutrients to cells from the Carries nutrients to cells from the digestive systemdigestive system
3.3.Carries wastes to kidneysCarries wastes to kidneys
4.4.Blood cells fight infection White Blood Blood cells fight infection White Blood Cells (WBC’s) and help heal woundsCells (WBC’s) and help heal wounds
The BloodThe Blood PlasmaPlasma- - liquid liquid
part of the blood part of the blood mostly water, some mostly water, some nutrients, minerals, nutrients, minerals, hormones etc. hormones etc.
Body contains 4-6 LBody contains 4-6 L Consists of Consists of
– Red Blood CellsRed Blood Cells– White blood cells White blood cells
and plateletsand platelets
Red Blood Cells (RBC’s)- Red Blood Cells (RBC’s)- ErythrocytesErythrocytes
contain hemoglobin, contain hemoglobin, chemical that chemical that carry Ocarry O22 and COand CO22
RBC are produced in red RBC are produced in red bone marrow of bone marrow of – ribs, ribs, – humerus, humerus, – femur, femur, – sternum, and other long sternum, and other long
bonesbones
White Blood Cells (WBC’S)- White Blood Cells (WBC’S)- LeukocytesLeukocytes
fight bacteria fight bacteria and virusesand viruses; can ; can enter tissues to enter tissues to destroy invaders destroy invaders and absorb dead and absorb dead cellscells
Attack foreign Attack foreign substancessubstances
Less abundantLess abundant Large cellsLarge cells
PlateletsPlatelets Platelets-Platelets- irregularly shaped irregularly shaped
fragements that release fibrin fragements that release fibrin to help to help clot blood.clot blood.
Produced in bone marrowProduced in bone marrow Fibrin (sticky network of protein Fibrin (sticky network of protein
fibers)fibers)– Form a web trapping blood cellsForm a web trapping blood cells
Blood Clotting Blood Clotting PlateletsPlatelets stick to the stick to the
wound wound fibrinfibrin form a form a sticky net which sticky net which traps blood cells and traps blood cells and forms a forms a clot (hardens clot (hardens to form a scab).to form a scab).
Skin cells Skin cells repair skin repair skin under the scab and under the scab and the body reabsorbs the body reabsorbs the clot. the clot.
Your Heart: The Vital PumpYour Heart: The Vital Pump
At REST, the heart At REST, the heart pumps about 5 pumps about 5 QUARTS of blood a QUARTS of blood a minute.minute.
During EXTREME During EXTREME EXERTION EXERTION (exercise) it can (exercise) it can pump 40 quarts a pump 40 quarts a minute.minute.