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The
Civi
l War
Timeli
ne Ca
rds
THE CIVIL WAR
IntroductionBy 1619, tobacco was the chief crop grown in Jamestown.
THE CIVIL WAR
IntroductionBy the 1660s, enslaved people were brought from Africa to grow tobacco in North America.
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 1: SlaveryInvented in 1793, the cotton gin made cotton a profitable crop in the South, causing the demand for slaves to increase.
Big Question: Why did the demand for slaves increase in the Southern states?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 2: The Life of the SlaveSlaves resisted in different ways. Some tried to run away, some worked very slowly or pretended to be sick. In 1831, slaves in Virginia, led by Nat Turner, rebelled and killed men, women, and children.
Big Question: How did slaves in the South resist?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 3: The Missouri CompromiseThe Missouri Compromise of 1820 tried to settle the question of the spread of slavery by drawing a line from Missouri’s southern border, dividing free and slave portions across the rest of the Louisiana Purchase.
Big Question: How did the Missouri Compromise attempt to resolve the issue of slavery in the territories?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 4: Growth of Antislavery FeelingIn his newspaper, The Liberator, William Lloyd Garrison argued for the abolition, or end, of slavery.
Big Question: How did abolitionists and the people of the Underground Railroad fight against slavery?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 4: Growth of Antislavery FeelingIn 1845, Frederick Douglass, a former slave, published a book about his life as a slave and his escape from slavery.
Big Question: How did abolitionists and the people of the Underground Railroad fight against slavery?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 5: Growing ApartSamuel Slater’s mill, which opened in 1791, was the first cotton mill in America. More and more factories were built in the North.
Big Question: What were the economic differences between the North and the South?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 6: A House DividedThe Compromise of 1850 temporarily calmed tensions between the North and the South over the issue of slavery.
The Compromise of 1850
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Gulf of MexicoSlave states and territoriesFree states and territories
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Big Question: Why did compromises fail to solve the national argument about slavery?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 6: A House DividedHarriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin in 1852 to show the evils of slavery.
Big Question: Why did compromises fail to solve the national argument about slavery?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 7: Young Mr. LincolnAbraham Lincoln opposed slavery, but he hoped that it could be ended constitutionally.
Big Question: What shaped Abraham Lincoln as a young man?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 8: The Crisis Deepens“A house divided against itself cannot stand.”—Abraham Lincoln, after being nominated by the Republican party in Illinois to run for the Senate, 1858.
Big Question: What led the South to secede?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 8: The Crisis DeepensIn 1859, in an attempt to arm slaves, John Brown raided the arsenal at Harpers Ferry in West Virginia. His raid was unsuccessful.
Big Question: What led the South to secede?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 8: The Crisis DeepensIn 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected president. Over the next two months, seven states voted to secede from the Union.
Big Question: What led the South to secede?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 9: The War BeginsIn 1861, Jefferson Davis was elected president of the Confederate States of America.
Big Question: Why did the attack on Fort Sumter launch the American Civil War?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 9: The War BeginsThe Confederate bombardment of Fort Sumter in 1861 meant that the American Civil War had begun.
Big Question: Why did the attack on Fort Sumter launch the American Civil War?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 10: Advantages and DisadvantagesAt the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861, the Union soldiers retreated, so the South won the battle.
Big Question: What resources and advantages did each side have at the start of the Civil War?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 10: Advantages and DisadvantagesIn 1861, Robert E. Lee became a general for the Confederate Army.
Big Question: What resources and advantages did each side have at the start of the Civil War?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 11: Developing a StrategyThere was no clear winner in the 1862 battle between the ironclad ships, the Monitor and the Virginia.
Big Question: What was General Winfield Scott’s plan to win the war, and how successful was it?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 12: The War in the EastGeneral McClellan failed to press his advantage at the Battle of Antietam in 1862. After the battle, Lincoln replaced General McClellan.
Big Question: What prompted Lincoln to remove General McClellan from command?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 13: The Emancipation ProclamationIn 1863, in the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln freed enslaved African Americans in Confederate states.
Big Question: How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the focus of the war effort from the Union point of view?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 15: Johnny Reb and Billy YankThe most famous of the all-African American units was the Massachusetts 54th Regiment, commanded by Colonel Robert Gould Shaw.
Big Question: What was life like for the common soldier during the Civil War?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 16: Women and the War EffortDuring the Civil War, Clara Barton became known as “Angel of the Battlefield” for her work tending to wounded soldiers. After the war, Barton founded the American Red Cross.
Big Question: How did women help the war effort?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 17: The Tide TurnsThe Battle of Gettysburg in 1863 claimed the highest number of casualties during the entire Civil War.
Big Question: Why was the Battle of Gettysburg important and still remembered today?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 19: The War Draws to a CloseThe Union Army captured Atlanta in September 1864. From there, General Sherman led his army on a “march to the sea.”
Big Question: How did the Union finally defeat the Confederacy?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 19: The War Draws to a CloseGeneral Lee surrendered to General Grant on April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House, Virginia.
Big Question: How did the Union finally defeat the Confederacy?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 20: The Death of President LincolnAfter shooting President Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre, John Wilkes Booth jumped from the presidential box onto the stage. Lincoln died the next morning, April 15, 1865.
Big Question: Why did John Wilkes Booth kill President Lincoln?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 21: The South in RuinsAfter the Civil War ended in 1865, many freed African Americans, as well as poor white families, became sharecroppers in the South.
Big Question: What was life like in the South after the Civil War?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 22: The Struggle over ReconstructionRatified in 1865–1866, the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution extended the rights of African Americans.
Big Question: How did Andrew Johnson’s ideas of reconstruction differ from the Radical Republicans’?
THE CIVIL WAR
CHAPTER 23: Congressional ReconstructionPresident Andrew Johnson was impeached in 1868.
Big Question: Why did Thaddeus Stevens and the Radical Republicans decide to impeach Andrew Johnson?
Subj
ect M
atte
r Exp
erts
Gary
W. Ga
llagh
er, Ph
D Un
iversi
ty of
Virgin
ia
John L
. Nau
III Pr
ofesso
r in th
e Hist
ory of
the A
meric
an Ci
vil W
ar Dir
ectio
n, Joh
n L. N
au III
Cente
r for C
ivil W
ar His
tory
Tony
Willi
ams, S
enior
Teac
hing F
ellow
, Bill
of Rig
hts In
stitut
e
Illus
trat
ion
and
Phot
o Cre
dits
Title
Text o
f the E
manc
ipatio
n Proc
lamati
on, 1
865 /
Unive
rsal H
istory
Arch
ive/U
IG / B
ridge
man I
mage
s
Introd
uctio
n, Ca
rd 1
Durga
Bernh
ard
Introd
uctio
n, Ca
rd 2
Durga
Bernh
ard
Chap
ter 1
Eli W
hitne
y’s (1
765–
1825
) Cott
on G
in, o
perat
ed b
y blac
k slav
es, 1
793
(colou
r lith
o), A
meric
an
Scho
ol, (1
8th ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate Co
llecti
on / P
eter N
ewark
Ameri
can P
icture
s / Br
idgem
an Im
ages
Chap
ter 2
Hunti
ng an
esca
ped s
lave w
ith do
gs (c
oloure
d eng
raving
), Ame
rican
Scho
ol, (1
9th ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate
Colle
ction
/ Pete
r New
ark Am
erica
n Pict
ures /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 3
Map o
f the U
nited
State
s of A
meric
a, de
pictin
g the
slav
e stat
es an
d free
state
s, 182
1 (co
lour li
tho),
Ameri
can S
choo
l, (19
th ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate Co
llecti
on / P
eter N
ewark
Ameri
can P
icture
s / Br
idgem
an
Imag
es
Chap
ter 4,
Card
1 Fro
nt Pa
ge o
f ‘The
Libe
rator’,
foun
ded
by W
illiam
Lloy
d Ga
rrison
(180
5–79
) 185
9 (n
ewsp
rint),
Am
erica
n Sch
ool, (
19th
centu
ry) / P
rivate
Colle
ction
/ Pete
r New
ark Am
erica
n Pict
ures /
Bridg
eman
Im
ages
Chap
ter 4,
Card
2 Fre
deric
k Dou
glass
(pho
tograv
ure),
Brady
, Math
ew (1
823–
96) /
Priva
te Co
llecti
on /
The S
taplet
on
Colle
ction
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 5
The f
irst c
otton
mill
in Am
erica
, esta
blish
ed by
Samu
el Sla
ter on
the B
lackst
one R
iver a
t Paw
tucke
t, Rh
ode I
sland
, c.17
90 (o
il on
canv
as), A
meric
an Sc
hool,
(18th
centu
ry) /
Smith
sonia
n Ins
titutio
n, Wa
shing
ton DC
, USA
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 6,
Card
2 Po
ster a
dvert
ising
‘Uncle
Tom’
s Cab
in’, 1
852
(colou
r lith
o), A
meric
an S
choo
l, (1
9th c
entur
y) /
Colle
ction
of th
e New
-York
Histor
ical S
ociet
y, USA
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 7
Portr
ait of
Abrah
am Li
ncoln
(oil o
n can
vas),
Healy
, Geo
rge Pe
ter Al
exan
der (
1813
–189
4) / N
ation
al Po
rtrait
Galle
ry, Sm
ithso
nian I
nstitu
tion,
USA /
Photo
© Bo
ltin Pi
cture
Librar
y / Br
idgem
an Im
ages
Chap
ter 8,
Card
1 Ab
raham
Linc
oln an
d Step
hen A
. Dou
glas d
ebati
ng at
Charl
eston
, Illin
ois on
18th
Septe
mber
1858
, 19
18 (o
il on c
anva
s), Ro
ot, Ro
bert
Marsh
all (1
863–
1937
) / Pr
ivate
Colle
ction
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 8,
Card
2 Joh
n Brow
n (18
00–5
9) ca
ptured
by M
arine
s at H
arper’
s Ferr
y, 185
9 (co
loured
engra
ving)
, Ame
rican
Sc
hool,
(19th
centu
ry) / P
rivate
Colle
ction
/ Pete
r New
ark Am
erica
n Pict
ures /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 8,
Card
3 Ab
raham
Linc
oln (1
809–
1865
) deli
verin
g his i
naug
ural a
ddres
s as P
reside
nt in
front
of the
Capit
ol,
Wash
ington
on 4
March
1861
. Woo
d eng
raving
. / Un
iversa
l Hist
ory Ar
chive
/UIG
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 9,
Card
1 Jef
ferso
n Dav
is (oil
on ca
nvas)
, Sch
werdt
, Chri
stian
F. (1
9th ce
ntury)
/ Chic
ago H
istory
Mus
eum,
USA /
Bri
dgem
an Im
ages
Chap
ter 9,
Card
2 Co
nfede
rate
bomb
ardme
nt of
Fort
Sumt
er in
Charl
eston
Harb
our, 1
2th-1
3th A
pril 1
861
(litho
), Am
erica
n Sch
ool, (
19th
centu
ry) /
Priva
te Co
llecti
on /
Peter
New
ark M
ilitary
Pictu
res /
Bridg
eman
Im
ages
Chap
ter 10
, Card
1 Du
stin M
acka
y
Chap
ter 10
, Card
2 Ge
neral
Robe
rt E.
Lee,
1987
(oil o
n can
vas)
© Do
nTroia
ni (b.
1949
) / Pr
ivate
Colle
ction
/ Bri
dgem
an
Imag
es
Chap
ter 11
Th
e USS
‘Mon
itor’ f
ightin
g the
CSS ‘M
errim
ack’ a
t the B
attle
of Ha
mpton
Road
s duri
ng th
e Ame
rican
Civ
il War,
9th M
arch 1
862 (
colou
r litho
), Ame
rican
Scho
ol, (1
9th ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate Co
llecti
on / P
eter
Newa
rk Am
erica
n Pict
ures /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 12
Ba
ttle of
Antie
tam, p
ub. K
urz &
Alliso
n, 18
88 (c
olour
litho),
Ameri
can S
choo
l, (19
th ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate
Colle
ction
/ The
Stap
leton
Colle
ction
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 13
Tex
t of th
e Ema
ncipa
tion P
roclam
ation
, 186
5 / Un
iversa
l Hist
ory Ar
chive
/UIG
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 15
Co
me a
nd Jo
in Us
Brot
hers’,
Unio
n rec
ruitm
ent p
oster
aim
ed at
blac
k volu
nteers
(colo
ur lith
o),
Ameri
can S
choo
l, (19
th ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate Co
llecti
on / P
eter N
ewark
Ameri
can P
icture
s / Br
idgem
an
Imag
es
Chap
ter 16
Cla
ra Ba
rton t
endin
g wou
nded
durin
g the
Ameri
can C
ivil W
ar (co
lour li
tho), A
meric
an Sc
hool,
(19th
ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate Co
llecti
on / P
eter N
ewark
Ameri
can P
icture
s / Br
idgem
an Im
ages
Chap
ter 17
Th
e Batt
le of
Getty
sburg
, July
1st-3
rd 18
63 (c
olour
litho),
Ogd
en, H
enry
Alexa
nder
(185
6–19
36) /
Pri
vate
Colle
ction
/ The
Stap
leton
Colle
ction
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 19
, Card
1 Th
e Cap
ture o
f Atla
nta by
the U
nion A
rmy, 2
nd Se
ptemb
er, 18
64 (c
olour
litho),
Currie
r, N. (1
813–
88)
and I
ves, J
.M. (1
824–
95) /
Yale
Unive
rsity
Art G
allery
, New
Have
n, CT
, USA
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 19
, Card
2 Le
e’s S
urren
der a
t App
omatt
ox C
ourt
Hous
e (co
lour l
itho),
Lov
ell, T
om (1
909–
97) /
Nati
onal
Geog
raphic
Crea
tive /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 20
As
sassin
ation
of th
e Pres
ident
Abrah
am Li
ncoln
, pub
. 186
5 (ha
nd-co
loured
engra
ving)
, Ame
rican
Sc
hool,
(19th
centu
ry) / P
rivate
Colle
ction
/ The
Stap
leton
Colle
ction
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 21
Cla
ssicS
tock.c
om/S
uperS
tock
Chap
ter 22
Co
ngres
siona
l Cop
y of t
he Th
irtee
nth A
mend
ment
Reso
lution
, Feb
ruary
1 18
65 (i
nk o
n ve
llum)
, Lin
coln,
Abrah
am (1
809–
65) /
Gilde
r Leh
rman
Colle
ction
, New
York,
USA /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 23
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ISBN: 978-1-68380-234-1