the cloud and the grid
TRANSCRIPT
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grid and cloud computingben turner | 30 oct 08
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Two themes:Kevin Kelly's "The One":biological internet of things
generativity: open source andlowered barriers to entry
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Grid Computing(many computers, one problem)
Uses: protein folding, financial modeling, earthquake simulation, and climate/weather modeling
Ian Foster, father of grid computing: "The Physiology of the Grid"Globus Toolkit framework.
Foster's primary attributes: Computing resources are not administered centrally. Open standards are used. Non-trivial quality of service is achieved.
Grid developers are spending their time working on five big areas: Resource sharing on a global scale Secure access Efficient, balanced resource use The death of distance Open standards
[http://gridcafe.web.cern.ch/gridcafe/challenges/challanges.html]
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Grid Computing(many computers, one problem)
Standards:Open Grid Forum: first Grid Forum meeting was hosted at NASA Ames in June 1999
JSDL: Job Submission Description Language OGSI: Open Grid Services Infrastructure OGSA: Open Grid Services Architecture SAGA: Simple API for Grid Applications DRMAA: Distributed Resource Management Application API CDDLM: Configuration Description, Deployment, and Lifecycle Management Specification
Current Projects:
EGEE (for CERN's Large Hadron Collider) SETI@Home Folding@Home NASA's Information Power Grid NSF's National Technology Grid
NSF's TeraGrid United Devices Cancer Research Project World Community Grid Open Science Grid
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http://goc02.grid-support.ac.uk/lcg/lcg_publicity.png
LHC: 15 petabytes/year
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http://fah-web.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/main.py?qtype=teamstats
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http://www.productionscale.com/home/2008/4/24/cloud-computing-get-your-head-in-the-clouds.html
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Cloud Computing(many computers, many problems)
Cloud computing is "as important as the Web was 15 years ago," said Nelson, speaking at a Google forum on thepolicy implications of hosted applications and services. "We don't have any idea of how important it is, and we don't
really have any clue as to how it's going to be used."
massively lowers capex for companies andindividuals
increases redundancy and security
breathing capacity device and location independenceSoftware-aaS, Platform-aaS, Infrastructure-aaS, Storage-aaS
Web 1.0 was "read-only", Web 2.0 is "read-write", and Web 3.0 will be "read-write-execute".
MS Azure, Google Apps, Amazon AWS, grids, MS Live Mesh
As Professor Nelson explained, NYTimes digitized and hosted its entire article archive back to the 19th century in amatter of days and with a very small cost, all using Amazon Web Services:http://open.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/05/21/the-new-york-times-archives-amazon-web-services-timesmachine/
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Cloud Computing(many computers, many problems)
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), providing scalable virtual private servers using Xen. Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), providing Web Service based storage for applications.
Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS), providing a hosted message queue for web applications. Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk), managing small units of work distributed amongst many people. Alexa Web Services, providing traffic data, thumbnails, and other information about web sites. Amazon Associates Web Service (AAWS, formerly Amazon E-Commerce Service or ECS) , providing
access to Amazon's product data and electronic commerce functionality. Amazon Historical Pricing, providing access to Amazon's historical sales data from its affiliates. Amazon Flexible Payments Service (FPS), currently in limited beta[2], provides an interface for
micropayments. Amazon DevPay, currently in limited beta, is a billing and account management system for applications that
developers have built atop Amazon Web Services. Amazon SimpleDB, currently in limited beta, allows developers to run queries on structured data. It
operates in concert with EC2 and S3 to provide "the core functionality of a database."[3] Amazon AWS Authentication is an implicit service, the authentication infrastructure used to authenticate
access to the various services. Amazon Fulfillment Web Service provides a programmatic API for sellers to ship items to and from
Amazon using Fulfillment By Amazon.
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Cloud Computing(many computers, many problems)
Standards: Application Communications (HTTP, XMPP) Security (OAuth, OpenID, SSL/TLS[52]) Syndication (Atom) Client Browsers (AJAX) Offline (HTML 5) Infrastructure
Virtualization (OVF[53]) Platform Solution stacks (LAMP) Service Data (XML, JSON) Web Services (REST)
A soup of closed APIs.
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Implications Tim O'Reilly vs. Nick Carr, cloud oligopolies Photoshop online Internet of things Metaverse
APIs and walled gardens Government regulation on privacy Cloud deletion, inaccessibility "Microsoft will use an approach in which servers arrive at
the data center in a sealed container, already networked
together and ready to go. The container itself is thenhooked up to power, networking, and air conditioning."http://news.cnet.com/8301-10805_3-10020902-75.html?hhTest=1
Emerging market development
Cloud Computing(many computers, many problems)
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Professor Michael Nelson's Holy Grid
From Professor Michael Nelson's powerpoint slides.