The CoFX Data ModelData Model for the Cockpit Framework (CoFX)Publishing Date: Oct. 1st 2012

Introduction

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INTRO

DUCTION

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ÜBER TIM

E COCKPIT

5

OverviewCO

FX DATA MO

DEL

Model

Entities

System, Application

Specific, User

Actions

Entity Views

Sets

Properties

Relations

Validation Rules

Interfaces

Permissions

Triggers

Text

Binary

Boolean

Calculated

Date

DateTime

File

Guid

Numeric

6

Model

• Root of the CoFX model tree• Frozen or writable

– By default: Frozen• See also Model.Freeze()• Never change a frozen model!• Changes cannot be saved to DB

– Get writeable model using Context.GetWritableModel()• Every item in the model tree (ModelElement) has a

unique ID (ModelElement.ElementGuid)– Useful helper: Model.GetModelElementByUuid()

COFX M

ODEL

ModelElement

• Root class for all model elements (including the model itself)• Name

– Unique technical name inside the corresponding model element group (e.g. entities)

– Rules• Must start with an uppercase letter• Followed by letters, digits, and underscores• List of reserved words (DB-related)• Check name using ModelElement.IsValidIdentifier()

• Invariant friendly name– Culture-invariant friendly name– Coming: Localization

• Persist behavior– None, Metadata Only, Full

7

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8

Entity

• Implemented in ModelEntityBase• Default display property

– By default used in comboboxes– Can be changed using named lists (DefaultRelationList)

• Read-only expression– If true, row is read-only– Obsolete, use permissions instead

• Default list/form– Default named list and/or named form that is used by CoFX for the corresponding

entity• Sync behavior

– Model & data, data only, model only, none• Expression evaluator ModelEntityBase.Evaluate()• Create an instance of the entity ModelEntityBase.CreateEntityObject()

COFX M

ODEL

9

Properties

• Derived from ModelProperty– PersistedProperty– CalculatedProperty

• Default aggregation function– ModelProperty.DefaultAggregateFunction – None, sum, avg, min, max– Important for grouping in lists

• Mapping to storage layer– Only for persisted properties– PersistedProperty.StorageColumn

COFX M

ODEL

for p in Context.Model.Project.PersistedProperties: print "{0}: {1}".format(p.Name, p.StorageColumn.Name)

Properties

• Text properties– Unicode character field in DB (NVARCHAR in SQL Server)– System.String in .NET– MaxStorageSize = length

• Numeric properties– Numeric field in DB (NUMERIC in SQL Server)– System.Decimal in .NET– Precision, Scale determine size– Default FormatPattern for string representation

• Boolean properties– Bit in DB (BIT in SQL Server)– bool in .NET

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COFX M

ODEL

Properties

• Guid properties– Guid in DB (UNIQUEIDENTIFIER in SQL Server)– System.Guid in .NET

• Date, DateTime properties– Identically stored, differences in UI– DateTime in DB (DATETIME2 in SQL Server)– System.DateTime in .NET

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ODEL

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Properties

• Binary properties– Used to store blobs– Storage types (BinaryProperty.StorageType)

• Database• Windows Azure Blob Storage (only in the cloud)

– Content processing (BinaryProperty.ContentProcessing)• None, compress, encrypt, compress & encrypt

– Blob in DB (VARBINARY in SQL Server)– Byte[] in .NET– MaxStorageSize = length in bytes

COFX M

ODEL

13

Properties

• File properties– Special type of binary property

• Binary property + file information• File name (FileNameColumn)• MIME type (FileMimeTypeColumn)• File size (FileSizeColumn)

– Restrict files that can be stored• MaxFileSizeInKB = maximum length• AllowedMimeTypes• AllowedExtensions

COFX M

ODEL

14

Properties

• Calculated properties– Not stored in the database– Defined in TCQL expression language (details later)– Calculated on the fly– Filtering and aggragation done in the database layer

COFX M

ODEL

TCQL Expression Language

<expression> ::= ( <expression> ) | <expression> [ Or | And ] <expression> | <expression> [ = | <> | < | <= | > | >= ] <expression> | <expression> In ( <expression> [, <expression>...] ) | <expression> In Set( "<expressionName>" [, "<propertyName>" ] ) | <expression> In <parameterAccess> | <expression> [Not] Like <expression> | <expression> [ + | - | * | / | % ] <expression> | Not <expression> | <functionCall> | <aggregationFunctionCall> | <memberAccess> | <literal> | <parameterAccess> | <nestedStatement> | <EnvironmentVariable>

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TCQL Expression Language

• Use + to concat strings• You can use + and - with date/time expressions• Example for In operator

From P In Project Where :Iif(P.NumberOfHours=0, 1, P.NumberOfHours) In ( 1, 2 ) Select P

• Example for Like operatorFrom T In Timesheet Where T.Description Like '%time%' Select T

COFX M

ODEL

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TCQL String Functions

:Len( string-expression ):Substring( string-expression, start-index, length ):Replace( string-expression, string-to-find, replacing-string )

:FormatDate( date-expression, format-string ) (see MSDN Library for details about format string) :FormatNumber( numeric-expression, format-string ) (see MSDN Library for details about format strings) :FormatDateCanonical( date-expression [, boolean-expression] ) (see MSDN Library for SQL Server's canonical date format) :FormatDateAsPeriod( date-expression ) (returns YYYY/MM)

COFX M

ODEL

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TCQL Date/Time Functions

:NewDate( year, month, day ):Year( date-time-expression ):Month( date-time-expression ):Day( date-time-expression ):Date( date-time-expression ):Now():Today():FirstOfMonth( date-time-expression ):LastOfMonth( date-time-expression ):AddDays( date-time-expression, number-of-days-to-add ):AddMonths( date-time-expression, number-of-months-to-add ):AddYears( date-time-expression, number-of-years-to-add ):AddHours( date-time-expression, number-of-hours-to-add ):AddMinutes( date-time-expression, number-of-minutes-to-add ):AddSeconds( date-time-expression, number-of-seconds-to-add )

COFX M

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TCQL Date/Time Functions

:FormatDateCanonical(#2010-10-07#) //returns "2010-10-07"

:FormatDateCanonical(#2010-10-07#, True) //returns "2010-10-07 00:00:00"

:FormatDateAsPeriod(#2010-10-07#) //returns "2010/10":FormatDateAsPeriod(#2010-10-07 23:59:59#) //returns "2010/10"

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TCQL Other Functions

:Iif( condition, true-value, false-value ):IsNullOrEmpty( string-expression ):Round( numeric-expression, number-of-fractional-digits )

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21

Relations

• Relations between entities• Name– Inherited from ModelElement– Backreference name/invariant friendly name

COFX M

ODEL

Customer Project

Define relation Customer here

Back-reference name ProjectsRelation Target

Relations

22

COFX M

ODEL

Backreference Relation

Backreference

Relation

23

Validation Rules

• Validation rules for data rows in an entity• Declarative Excel-like formula language (TCQL expression language)• Validation enforced by CoFX's

data layer not only in UI– E.g. Scripts, Excel imports, etc.

COFX M

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Validation ruleValidation rule

24

Permissions

• Defined using Excel-like TCQL expression language– No programming necessary– Uses TCQL Sets frequently (details see later)

• For WPF developers: Ready for data binding (IDataErrorInfo)

• Levels (details see following slides)– Per entity– Per property

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25

Permissions

• Permissions for an entity– No permissions defined everyone all permissions on all rows

– At least one permission defined• User can only read an object if at least one read or write

permission is satisfied• User can only write an object if at least one write permission is

satisfied

• Note: Insert, Update, Delete permissions are in preview phase– Implementation finished, unit tests finished, internal

review still missing

COFX M

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26

Permissions

• Permissions for a property– User can only access (get/set) properties if she has access

on entity-level (see previous slide)– No property-level permissions defined everyone all permissions on all properties

– At least one permission defined• User can only read (get) a property value if at least one read

(get) or write (set) permission is satisfied• User can only write (set) a property value if at least one write

(set) permission is satisfied

• Insert, Update, Delete are not supported for property-level permissions

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ODEL

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Actions

• Python routines with a user-friendly name• CoFX UI components (lists, forms) offer

actions to end users

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Actions

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Actions

• Parameter– No parameters– Entity/form that acts as the parameter

• Code consists of exactly one Python routine– Parameter (ExecutionContext)

• Parameter object (see above)• Input set (objects on which the action has been called)

– Current user– Data context

• Details about actions will follow after Python introduction

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ODEL

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Entity Views

• Declaratively defined lists and forms– Aka "named" lists and "named" forms

• Details about definition of lists and forms follow later

COFX M

ODEL

30

SetsCO

FX MO

DELAll customers of the current user (sales employee)

All "A" customers

Set

31

Sets

• Set of objects with a name– E.g. roles that a user is member of– E.g. projects in which the user is project manager

• Defined using TCQL (details see later)• Types– Logon

• Set is filled when user logs in• Used for sets that seldom change (e.g. roles of a user)

– Every query• Set is filled right before the query that references the set• Can be performance critical

COFX M

ODEL

32

Trigger Overview

• .NET Methods triggered by insert, update and/or delete operations

• Be very careful with triggers in offline scenarios.– Recommendation: Triggers only for online-only apps

• Checklist– Create static trigger class– Use ModelEntityTrigger attribute on class level– Use TriggerMethod attribute on method level– Add trigger to model

TRIGGERS

33

Trigger Example

[ModelEntityTrigger]public static class User{

[TriggerMethod]public static void AddUser(ExecutionContext context){

…}

[TriggerMethod]public static void UpdateUser(ExecutionContext context){

…}

…}

TRIGGERS

34

Trigger Example

assemblyBinding = AssemblyBinding()assemblyBinding.Name = "AddUser"assemblyBinding.ClassName = "Sample.Triggers.User"assemblyBinding.MethodName = "AddUser"

trigger = Trigger()trigger.Name = "APP_AddUser"trigger.ElementGuid = Guid("BC4F248F-…")trigger.InvariantFriendlyName = trigger.NonPrefixedNametrigger.Ownership = Ownership.ApplicationSpecifictrigger.TriggerType = TriggerType.AfterSavetrigger.ExecutionMode = TriggerExecutionMode.Oncetrigger.ExecutionTime = TriggerExecutionTime.OnInserttrigger.AssemblyBinding = assemblyBinding

userDetailEntity.Triggers.Add(trigger)

TRIGGERS

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