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The Cold War 1945-1991

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Page 1: The Cold War 1945-1991. Post WWII Europe 1941-Atlantic Charter between the USA and G.B February 1945-Yalta Conference – USA, GB & USSR – What to do with

The Cold War

1945-1991

Page 2: The Cold War 1945-1991. Post WWII Europe 1941-Atlantic Charter between the USA and G.B February 1945-Yalta Conference – USA, GB & USSR – What to do with

Post WWII Europe

• 1941-Atlantic Charter between the USA and G.B• February 1945-Yalta Conference – USA, GB &

USSR – What to do with Europe after the war?– Germany would be split into four occupation zones

after the war– Poland would be Communist like Russia – but would

have free elections– All three nations, including France and China would

join the United Nations and create its powerful security council

Page 3: The Cold War 1945-1991. Post WWII Europe 1941-Atlantic Charter between the USA and G.B February 1945-Yalta Conference – USA, GB & USSR – What to do with

Potsdam Conference – July 1945

• USA, GB & USSR agreed to the following things:– Germany would follow through with: demilitarization,

denazification, democratization, decentralization and decartelization.

– Try Nazis for war crimes and crimes against humanity– Regulate German industry in order to pay reparations

to the USSR and to ensure the country to did fall into a Depression again

– USSR wanted “buffer zones”- countries in Eastern Europe that were “friendly” to guard against any attacks

Page 4: The Cold War 1945-1991. Post WWII Europe 1941-Atlantic Charter between the USA and G.B February 1945-Yalta Conference – USA, GB & USSR – What to do with

Rebuilding Europe- American Policies

• Truman Doctrine – “a pledge to provide economic and military aid to oppose the spread of communism.”

• Marshall Plan- $13 billion given to Western Europe to rebuild. USSR blocked aid to Eastern Europe- fearing its democratic influence

• Containment- American policy to “contain” Communism to the east – (stop communism from spreading)

Page 5: The Cold War 1945-1991. Post WWII Europe 1941-Atlantic Charter between the USA and G.B February 1945-Yalta Conference – USA, GB & USSR – What to do with

Berlin Airlift

• Map Actvity • Watch Youtube Movie

Page 6: The Cold War 1945-1991. Post WWII Europe 1941-Atlantic Charter between the USA and G.B February 1945-Yalta Conference – USA, GB & USSR – What to do with

NATO and the Warsaw Pact

• 1949- NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization– USSA, Canada, Netherlands, Luxemburg, France,

United Kingdom (GB), Portugal, Italy, Norway, Denmark and Iceland

– 1950-1953- Korean War – no clear winner• 1955- Warsaw Pact – USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East

Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania

Page 7: The Cold War 1945-1991. Post WWII Europe 1941-Atlantic Charter between the USA and G.B February 1945-Yalta Conference – USA, GB & USSR – What to do with

The Cold War Begins

• 1949- USSR tests its first atomic bomb• Fall 1952- USA tests the hydrogen bomb– Less than a year later USSR tests their first hydrogen

bomb• Deterrence – development and maintenance of

military power in order to deter an attack • October 1957- Russia launches Sputnik• 1961- Russia builds the Berlin Wall • Conflict in Cuba, Middle East and Asia intensify


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