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The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

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Page 1: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

The Columbian Exchange

And Triangular Trade

EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Page 2: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Activating questions

How do you think the term Columbian exchange was created?

Who do you think benefited more in the Columbian exchange?

Page 3: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

What was the Columbian Exchange?

The explorers created contact between Europe and the Americas.

Interaction with Native Americans led to big cultural changes.

Exchange of physical elements: animals, plants, diseases, weapons, etc.

Page 4: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?
Page 5: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Animals

Llamas were the only domesticated animals in Latin America.– Europeans brought horses, pigs, cattle,

sheep. changed the use of the land

Page 6: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Plants

Europeans brought cash crops to the Americas: sugar, rice, wheat, coffee, bananas, & grapes.– New crops flourished in the Americas.

Europeans adopt crops found in the Americas: maize, tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco, cacao, beans, & cotton.

Page 7: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?
Page 8: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Slavery and the Columbian Exchange

PlantsOld World

Bananas Sugarcane Pears Opium Cabbage Wheat

PlantsNew World

Beans Cocoa beans Maize Potato Tobacco Peanuts

Page 10: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Slavery and the Columbian Exchange

Diseases Old World Diseases New World bubonic plague cholera influenza malaria measles scarlet fever sleeping sickness smallpox tuberculosis typhoid yellow fever

yaws yellow fever (American

strains)

Page 11: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

The Introduction of New Diseases Nearly all of the European diseases

were communicable by air & touch. Smallpox, measles, diphtheria, whooping

cough, chicken pox, bubonic plague, scarlet fever and influenza were the most common diseases exchanged.

Illness in Europe was considered to be the result of sin.– Indians, who were largely “heathen” or

non-Christian were regarded as sinners and therefore subject to illness as a punishment.

Page 12: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Devastating Impact of Diseases

Native Americans had no natural resistance to European diseases .– population continued to decline for

centuries Inca empire decreased from 13 million

in 1492 to 2 million in 1600. North American population fell from 2

million in 1492 to 500,000 in 1900.

Page 13: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Smallpox Central Mexico - 25

million in 1519 to less than one million in 1605

Hispañola - One million in 1492 to 46,000 in 1512

North America - 90% of Native Americans gone within 100 years of Plymouth landing

Page 14: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Effects of Diseases Native American population dramatically

decreases Europeans need labor to cultivate new

crops in the Americas, but there aren’t many natives left.

Europeans look to Africa & begin to import African slaves to the Americas.

Page 15: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

1. Create 2 questions from about the Columbian Exchange from your notes yesterday that you still do not understand.

Page 16: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Slavery Expands In 1518, the first shipment of slaves went directly

from West Africa to the Caribbean where the slaves worked on sugar plantations.

By the 1520s, the Spanish had introduced slaves to Mexico, Peru, and Central America where they worked as farmers and miners.

By the early 17th century, the British had introduced slaves to North America.

Page 17: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

The demand for labor in the western

hemisphere encouraged a money-

making triangular trading pattern.

Triangular Trade Route

Page 18: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Triangular Trade

The triangular trade demonstrates how people were reduced to commodities to be sold.

Goods such as metal, cloth, beads and guns went from Europe to Africa, enslaved Africans went to America and the Caribbean, and raw products such as sugar, tobacco and cotton came back to Europe.

Page 19: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Capture

The original capture of slaves was almost always violent.

As European demand grew, African chieftains organized raiding parties to seize individuals from neighboring societies.

Others launched wars specifically for the purpose of capturing slaves.

Page 20: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Slavery and the Columbian Exchange

Slaves captured by Moors and other native African tribes

Sold slaves to Europeans or other Native groups in Africa

Page 21: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Slavery and the Columbian Exchange

Page 22: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

“Africans became enslaved mainly through four ways:

first, criminals sold by the chiefs as punishment;

secondly, free Africans obtained from raids by African and a few European gangs;

thirdly, domestic slaves resold, and fourthly; prisoners of war." (Adu Boahen (University of Ghana).

Page 23: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

Plantations After crossing the Atlantic, most African slaves went

to plantations in the tropical or subtropical regions of the western hemisphere.

The first was established by the Spanish on Hispaniola in 1516.

Originally the main crop was sugar. In addition to sugar, plantations produced crops like tobacco, indigo, and cotton.

1530s--Portuguese began organizing plantations in Brazil, and Brazil became the world’s leading supplier of sugar.

Page 24: The Columbian Exchange And Triangular Trade EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular trade?

EQ: What was the Columbian Exchange and triangular

trade?