The Convergence of User Needs, Collection Building

and the Electronic Publishing

Market Place.NASIG Workshop #18

Jie Tian, Reference LibrarianCalifornia State University Fullerton

Sharon Wiles-Young, Team Leader Lehigh University

CSU Fullerton Background InfoInstitutional BackgroundStudents 25,675 Undergrad 21,279 Grad 4,396

Arts 7% 5%

SBAE 28% 13%

COMM 9% 4%

ECS 5% 6%

HDCS 10% 17%

HSS 23% 17%

NSM 6% 6%

Other 12% 32%

CSU Fullerton Background InfoNetwork Environment• Campus and dorm network upgrade in Jan.’98

• Titan Access for off-campus access

Library Resources• 97 Electronic Resource Databases

• 2500 Active Periodical Subscriptions

• 500 Cataloged Electronic Journals

Institutional Setting: Lehigh • Lehigh University- Co-educational with 4000

undergraduate students and 2000 graduate students

• Strong academic programs in Engineering, and the Sciences, Management and Education

• Campus is wired to all buildings including the dorms- Sign up for voice mail and computing as Freshman

Institutional Setting: LehighContinued• Public sites for computing• Upgrade of faculty computing- electronic

resources unavailable to some faculty because of equipment

• New concerns for computing/libraries- off campus use, and distant education classes

• “I don’t even have to go to the library, all the information I need is right at my fingertips”

Institutional Setting: Lehigh

Continued

• Print journals: 4000 current periodical titles

• Electronic journals: 2000 cataloged titles

• Electronic resources: 85 databases Indexes/Abstracts/ Full text databases accessible through the web

User Needs

•User Needs•Service Provision•User Education

Electronic Publishing

•Publishers•Products•Impact

Collection Building

•Selection•Organization•Access

Electronic Resource (ER) Use Survey

Milestones in ER• Library budget reallocation• Migration of reference tools to the Web• Revolution in article access via ejournals and

full text databases• Scope of reference to include article access

• Expansion of end-user workstations

Electronic Resource (ER) Use SurveyUser Needs as Reflected in

--Research topics --Database use

--Course information --Date of information

--Satisfaction rate

Data Gathering--Librarian service points--End-User workstations

Time of the survey--May 9-May 23’99

Who Are Our Users?

Users by School• Arts 0

• Comm 12

• ECS 4

• HDCS 18

• HSS 60

• NSM 10

• SBAE 35

• Total 139*

*139 users supplied course info.;

265 users in all responded to survey

Users by Course Level

21%

6%

49%

10%

14%

100200300400500

What Are Our Users Looking for?*Dates of Materials

• After 1994

200 76%

• Before 1994

17 6%

• Both Dates

48 18%

*Data based on 265 research topics

Types of Materials

• Articles

198 82%

• Articles and Books

11 5%

• Other Materials

32 13%

What Databases Were Used?• Databases Used: 74 total

• Highest Use Databases– Lexis/Nexis 55 35%

– EA ASAP 4322%

– ERIC 17 11%

– SSA 10 6%

– STAT-USA 10 6%

– ABI 9 6%

– OPAC 6 4%

– HA 6 4%

LNEAERICSSASUABIOPACHA

Full-Text Database Use Profile

• Full-Text Database Use– Research Topics: 265

– Article Request: 198

– Full-text database use: 90

– Full-text article use: 66

• Highest Users– HSS

– SBAE

– COMM

– HDCS

– ECS

Full-Text Database Use Satisfaction

2%

1%

54%11%

19%

13%

NA 1 2 3 4 5

Service & Satisfaction ProfileLibrn. Referral & Sat.

• Request for Articles168 68%

• Referral to Full-text Articles

55 83% • Satisfaction w/ Full Text

NA 11 20%

1 0 0%2 1 2%3 5 9%4 12 22%5 26 47%

Stu. Self-Help & Sat.

• Request for Articles78 32%

• Use of Full-text Articles

11 17% • Satisfaction w/ Full Text

NA 0 0%1 0 0%2 0 0%3 3 27%4 1 9%5 7 64%

Usage Statistics for Lehigh

• Project Muse:– 1997- 1658 total – 1998- 2553 total– 1999- 1155 total

• JSTOR:– 1998- 88 total– 1999- 5610 total

• Elsevier’s PEAK:– tokens used – titles used

• ACS:– 1998 total hits: 7607– Macromolecules;

Journal of the ACS; Langmuir

IDEAL Usage: Lehigh Univ.

0200400600800100012001400

May-98

Jun-98

Jul-98

Aug-98

Sep-98

Oct-98

Nov-98

Dec-98

Jan-99

Feb-99

Mar-99

Apr-99

Beyond the ER Use Survey

• Applications for User Study

• Implications for Service Provision

• Challenges for Organization & Access

• Expansions in User Education

• Realities of Electronic Publishing

• Complications for Collection Building

Applications for User StudyChallenging Balances • Benefit to the greatest number of users vs.

different needs of users• Lower division vs. upper division user needs• Full-text article vs. indexes/abstracts• Electronic vs. print

Implications for ER Service

• ER Awareness and Promotion

• Professional Staffing at End-User Workstations

• Tiered Service for Differing User Needs

• Service Points as Dynamic Test Sites for Electronic Resource Evaluation

Expansions in USER Education • Communication & Publicity

• Instruction Team’s Role

• Instruction Sessions

• Instruction Web Pages

• Informal Sharing & Assessment

• Instruction & ER Evaluation

Realities of Electronic Publishing • Aggregated Full-text Databases

• Bundled Electronic Journal Collections

• Indexes/Abstracts Services

• Individual Ejournals• Individual journals licensed to

--database producers --archival services--subscription agencies --index/abstr. services

Realities of Electronic Publishing• Harvard Business Review, Where to Buy?

ABI Inform via Proquest Direct 09/01/95 -

Business and Company ASAP Mar-95 -

DJI Abstracts 1/97-

Expanded Academic ASAP Mar-95 -

Ebsco Masterfile 01/01/95 -

LEXIS-NEXIS, Jan.’76 -

Print

Microform

Electronic Journal?

Complications for Collection Building

• Our Publishers, Our Products

• Formats, Databases, and Content

• Content Selection: Principles and Criteria

• Our Needs, Our Budget

Organization/AccessIssues

• Presentation of electronic resources:– Catalog titles for OPAC access and/or create web pages

for access

• Lists of titles on Web pages:– Useful as list grows– Known item searches– More access from indexes

• URL maintenance

• BI for full-text services

Access Issues

• IP access and password– Wiley journals -confidentiality

• Proxy server with databases

• Proxy server for electronic journals

Questions User Needs

• How is your library assessing user needs?– Are you examining usage statistics? What

impact have they had on your collection development decisions?

– What role do full-text/ejournals fulfill in your library?

– What is the use pattern of ejournals and full-text databases in your library?

QuestionsCollection Building

• What criteria should we apply when selecting aggregated products?– How important is the integrity of content?

• Have you purchased your electronic resources through a consortium?– What are your experiences with this approach?

QuestionsOrganization &

Access•How does your library handle identifying new ejournals and providing access to them?

•Has anyone developed local databases to provide access?

Service Provision &

User Education• What has your library done to increase awareness and promote use of ejournals/full text resources?

QuestionsElectronic Publishing

• What would be the ideal product for electronic resources?– What services would you like the vendor to

offer?

Bibliography/ ResourcesCSU Fullerton PeriodicalServices:PeriodicalServices:http://www.library.fullerton.edu/Periodicals_Services/period.htmlElectronic journals:Electronic journals: http://www.library.fullerton.edu/Ejournals/ejourn.htmlFull-text databasesFull-text databases:http://www.library.fullerton.edu/er/ California State University (consortia web sites):California State University (consortia web sites):http://www.co.calstate.edu/ir/weir/Ear.html

Lehigh UniversityElectronic journalsElectronic journals:http://www.lehigh.edu/~intext/ejournals/ New Subject pagesNew Subject pages:http://www.lehigh.edu/~intech/infodome/

Current Information on Electronic Serials:Scholarly Electronic Publishing Resources – Electronic serialsScholarly Electronic Publishing Resources – Electronic serials: http://info.lib.uh.edu/sepb/sepr.htm