the danube strategy and the romanian cities, the danube as ... · the romania’s strategic concept...

The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania: ongoing strategies, policies and promising projects.

Pietro Elisei – URBASOFIA

[email protected]

Gabriel Pascariu – UNIVERSITY ION MINCU (Faculty of Urbanism)

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


1)STRATEGIC CONCEPT FOR TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA

2)URBAN ISSUES SHARED BY MANY ROMANIAN CITIES

3)THE URBAN AND RURAL SYSTEM AROUND THE DANUBE

STRATEGIC CONCEPT FOR TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA

It is worth considering that the Danube is for more than 1/3 of his length on Romanian territory, this has permitted until now to launch cross border territorial cooperation with neighboring countries (the Danube separate Romania from Bulgaria, Serbia and Ukraine). Moreover, there are 19 cities on the Romanian side of the Danube, of which 3 big ones (Drobeta Tr. Severin, Braila and Galati) and Tulcea, (if we consider the channel connecting to Constanta the number is 22). Each of this city is connected to territories presenting different potentialities for regional development ranging from unique natural heritages (like the Danube Delta, Tulcea), until the industrial and logistics (Galati, Costanta, Drobeta) and the cultural ones (the singular urban fabric and history of Braila).

The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]



National Physical Development Plan

Section IV – Settlements network

Urban network (2001)


Braila-Galati

urban system

of 0.5 mil.

inhabit.

Constantza,

important

harbour at

the Black Sea

0.3 mil.

inhabit

Most of the Danubian urban settlements

are small and medium sized towns from

10,000 up to 100,000 inhabitants.



The Romania’s Strategic Concept of Territorial

Development 2030 was issued for public

consultation in 2008 by MDLPL (Ministry of

Development, Public Works and Housing)

General objective: European integration of Romania by emphasizing its continental-regional identity, increasing spatial cohesion and sustainable spatial development

Major guidelines

1. Connecting to the European network of development poles and spatial

corridors

2. Structuring of the human settlements network by a balanced

development

3. Emphasizing urban-rural cohesion according to the specific types of

regions

4. Strengthening the Trans-Carpathian physical infrastructures in support

of balanced regional development

5. Protection and valuation of natural and cultural heritage




The Romania’s Strategic Concept of Territorial Development

2030

9 strategic objectives:

• using the peripheral position by developing the role of continental and inter-

continental connector

• connecting to the European network of poles and development corridors

• balanced and polycentric development of the urban network

• emphasizing the urban – rural solidarity

• rural development

• consolidating and developing the inter-regional connections

• adequate development of the specific territorial categories

• increase of the territorial competitivity

• protecting, developing and value the cultural and natural heritage




URBAN ISSUES SHARED BY MANY ROMANIAN CITIES

Paradox: A need of an urgent intervention on urban areas, a good number of structure funds available for cities and the absence of capability in linking the opportunity and the need. Axis 1 (ROP) has been refined to facilitate implementation but key concepts like integration and concentration have been sacrificed. PIDUs just hold together lists of projects but not define integration.

INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLANS (PIDU)




IAUS 2009 Conference, Belgrade 7

and 8 /12/2009, The use of ERDF

(European Regional Development

Fund) through integrated plans in

Romania: real needs of urban renewal

and the distant strategies of

URBAN REGENERATION IN ROMANIA




1.3 BILLIONS EUROS IN

2007 -2013

TO INVEST IN Urban Regeneration




AREA BASED URBAN ACTIONS.

THREE MAIN FIELDS OF ACTION:

1) URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE (60% OF

RESOURCES)

2) BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT (15% OF

RESOURCES)

3) SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE (25% OF

RESOURCES)




[email protected]

AN URGENT NEED FOR INTEGRATION:

1) AMONG DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONAL LEVELS

2) AMONG FORESEEN PROJECTS

3) AMONG DIFFERENT ACTORS AND SUBJECTS OF THE UR INITIATIVE The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania. PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected]



[email protected]

TO INDIVIDUATE SUSTAINABLE PROJECTS:

1) LOCAL ROOTED (PARTICPATION, GOOD POLICY DESIGN)

2) AT RIGHT SCALE (BE AWARE OF LOCAL CAPABILITIES)




The Europeanization of regional and urban policy is a double-edged sword.

Most of urban analysts share the vision that there is a mismatch or misfit among

national policies and EU institutions (Boerzel e Risse, 2000,; Cowles, Caporaso,

Heritier, 2001). However, the process of Europeanization of urban and regional

policies

can be summarized as follow:

• Europeanization enriches and transforms the institutions (at all administrative levels)

and makes more complex their governance frameworks

• Europeanization change politics, policies and behaviours of local

(of single member states) institutions

EUROPEANIZATION OF URBAN POLICIES!




In the 2007-2013 programming period the conceptual

visibility and the incisiveness of EU intervention in urban areas, especially in the

mainstreamed action, seems to be ineffective in terms of outputs, and very weak

in terms of conceptual innovations. The soft EU approach is not so helpful when it

becomes so weak!

The Romanian case is actually demonstrating that Millions and millions of Euros

are not going to promote either urban regeneration neither renewal: they just open

a number of building sites, with all risks connected to the increase of local corruption,

with all disadvantages created to inhabitants without crating relevant benefits,

of course an asphalted street is better than one with potholes, but, above all not

triggering a shared, at level of planning actors and local communities, and strategic

development based on sound, concrete and effective town planning choices and

tools. It is just worth remembering that the majority of projects falling into the

category of social intervention are “surveillance systems”!

WHEN SOFT BECOMES WEAK!




THE URBAN AND RURAL SYSTEM AROUND THE DANUBE

There have been several attempts in the past and institutions designed to manage

the territories adjacent to the Danube. Different European countries have tried to

have the economic hegemony of this part of Europe: A very interesting one from

the geopolitical point of view, as the gateway to Eastern and Middle Eastern

markets. All such attempts have not had it easy, for different reasons, for instance,

among the most common:

The idea came from outside the Danubian area and expresses the point of view of

a great state that, through various means, wanted to extend its influence in the

entire region;

When conceiving the strategy, none of the parties, effectively interested, were

even consulted;

The designers of the strategy have not respected the majority idea of equality that

must be at the centre of any association of states, which freely decide to get

united under the aegis of certain interests.


OPPORTUNITY CONNECTED TO THE DANUBE STRATEGY



National

Physical

Development

Plan

Section I –

Communication

networks

Roads





Section I – Communication networks

Rails


High speed rails

Very high speed rails

Corridor no. IV

Corridor no. IX

TEN-T network




Section I – Communication networks

Navigable routes and harbours

(long term projection)





Section III – Protected areas

Natural areas


LEGEND

Geographic grouping of natural

protected areas

Natural reserves of the

Biosphere and national parks

Natural reserves and

monuments

Areas of a high complexity of

natural resources

Agricultural areas




Section III – Protected areas

Built up areas





Section VI – Tourism

Preliminary version (2002)


Areas with very high and

complex touristic value

Areas with high touristic value

Defavouread areas

with touristic potential Rural areas

underdeveloped with

a high touristic

potential

Important river –

territory connections



Bucharest metropolitan area and

connections to the Danube


Projected

communication hub:

airport and harbour in

the Southern part of

the capital

Projected channel Projected fast

road and railway

connections



The urban network around the capital (on a radius of 15, 30, 45, 60 km)

7 towns

3 towns

2 towns

7 towns

1 big city 1 medium size town 17 small size towns Cca. 500.000 inhab. (of which 100 thou inside the first ring)

Ruse - 150.000 inhabit

Bucureşti - 2 mil. inhab.

Neighbouring counties - 2 mil. inhab.


Giurgiu - 70.000 inhabit



National /regional /sub-regional / systems and cross-border polarizations

Bucureşti

CUGUAT – Tigris, 2007

http://www.mdrl.ro/_documente/atlas/index.htm

Odessa

Istanbul

Beograd

Sofia


Budapest

Danube



THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION PIETRO ELISEI [email protected] GABRIEL PASCARIU [email protected] The Danube Strategy and the Romanian Cities, the Danube as catalyzer of regional and urban development in Romania: ongoing strategies, policies and promising projects. Wien 15-05-2012 INTA Workshop at CORP



the danube strategy and the romanian cities, the danube as ... · the romania’s strategic concept...

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