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7th Grade Civics End of Course Exam

Study Guide

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The date of my Civics End of Course

will be: ______________

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Table of Contents

Origins and Purposes of Law and Government 5SS.7.C.1.1 - Recognize how Enlightenment ideas including Montesquieu’s view of separation of power and John Locke’s theories related to natural law and how Locke’s social contract influenced the Founding Fathers. 5SS.7.C.1.2 - Trace the impact that the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Thomas Paine's "Common Sense" had on colonists' views of government. 7SS.7.C.1.3 - Describe how English policies and responses to colonial concerns led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence. 9SS.7.C.1.4 - Analyze the ideas (natural rights, role of the government) and complaints set forth in the Declaration of Independence. 10SS.7.C.1.5 - Identify how the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation led to the writing of the Constitution. 12SS.7.C.1.6 - Interpret the intentions of the Preamble of the Constitution. 14SS.7.C.1.7 - Describe how the Constitution limits the powers of government through separation of powers and checks and balances. 16SS.7.C.1.8 - Explain the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists regarding the ratification of the Constitution and inclusion of a bill of rights. 17SS.7.C.1.9 - Define the rule of law and recognize its influence on the development of the American legal, political, and governmental systems. 19SS.7.C.3.10 - Identify sources and types (civil, criminal, constitutional, military) of law. 20

Roles, Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens 22SS.7.C.2.1 - Define the term "citizen," and identify legal means of becoming a United States citizen.

22SS.7.C.2.2 - Evaluate the obligations citizens have to obey laws, pay taxes, defend the nation, and serve on juries. 24SS.7.C.2.4 - Evaluate rights contained in the Bill of Rights and other amendments to the Constitution. 26SS.7.C.2.5 - Distinguish how the Constitution safeguards and limits individual rights. 29SS.7.C.3.6 - Evaluate constitutional rights and their impact on individuals and society. 31SS.7.C.3.7 - Analyze the impact of the 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th amendments on participation of minority groups in the American political process. 33SS.7.C.3.12 - Analyze the significance and outcomes of landmark Supreme Court cases including, but not limited to, Marbury v. Madison, Plessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education, Gideon v. Wainwright, Miranda v. Arizona, in re Gault, Tinker v. Des Moines, Hazelwood v. Kuhlmier, United States v. Nixon, and Bush v. Gore. 35

Government Policies and Political Processes 39SS.7.C.2.8 - Identify America's current political parties, and illustrate their ideas about government.

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SS.7.C.2.9 - Evaluate candidates for political office by analyzing their qualifications, experience, issue-based platforms, debates, and political ads. 40SS.7.C.2.10 - Examine the impact of media, individuals, and interest groups on monitoring and influencing government. 42SS.7.C.2.11 - Analyze media and political communications (bias, symbolism, propaganda). 43SS.7.C.2.13 - Examine multiple perspectives on public and current issues. 46SS.7.C.4.1 - Differentiate concepts related to United States domestic and foreign policy. 47SS.7.C.4.2 - Recognize government and citizen participation in international organizations. 49SS.7.C.4.3 - Describe examples of how the United States has dealt with international conflicts. 51

Organization and Function of Government 53SS.7.C.3.1 - Compare different forms of government (direct democracy, representative democracy, socialism, communism, monarchy, oligarchy, autocracy). 53SS.7.C.3.2 - Compare parliamentary, federal, confederal, and unitary systems of government. 55SS.7.C.3.3 - Illustrate the structure and function (three branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the Constitution. 57SS.7.C.3.4 - Identify the relationship and division of powers between the federal government and state governments. 59SS.7.C.3.5 - Explain the Constitutional amendment process. 61SS.7.C.3.8 - Analyze the structure, functions, and processes of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. 63SS.7.C.3.11 - Diagram the levels, functions, and powers of courts at the state and federal levels. 67SS.7.C.3.13 - Compare the constitutions of the United States and Florida. 69SS.7.C.3.14 - Differentiate between local, state, and federal governments' obligations and services.

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Origins and Purposes of Law and Government

SS.7.C.1.1 - Recognize how Enlightenment ideas including Montesquieu’s view of separation of power and John Locke’s

theories related to natural law and how Locke’s social contract influenced the Founding Fathers.

Vocabulary

John Locke Natural Law, Natural Rights (Life, Liberty, Property), Social Contract – government and people form a contract

Limited Government

The principle that a ruler or a government is not all-powerful

Montesquieu Separation of Powers (legislative, executive, judicial)

Natural Right A freedom people possess relating to life, liberty, and property

Separation of Powers

The split of authority among legislative, executive, and judicial branches

The image below concerns government.

1. Which Enlightenment idea is represented by the image?A. Separation of powersB. Checks and balancesC. Social contractD. Natural law

The statements below are from the 1776 Virginia Declaration of Rights

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2. Which statement reflects the Enlightenment ideas of government as expressed by Montesquieu?

A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4

3. How are the Enlightenment ideas that influenced the Founding Fathers reflected in modern institutions?

A. Colonies have been re-established to preserve popular sovereignty.B. Oligarchies have increased to safeguard natural rights.C. The United Nations promotes universal human rights.D. The European Union encourages economic stability.

Application Activity

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SS.7.C.1.2 - Trace the impact that the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Thomas Paine's "Common Sense"

had on colonists' views of government.

Vocabulary

Magna Carta The first document to limit the power of the King of England; limited the government; signed in 1215

Mayflower Compact

First form of self-government outside of the King of England; created in 1620

English Bill of Rights

A list of rights for the people of England; limited the government’s power; passed in 1689

Common Sense

Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine arguing for the American Colonies to break away from English rule

Self-Government

Rule by people (popular sovereignty)

Limited Monarchy

A government where the king’s power is limited

4. Which documents influenced the colonists' views of government?A. Common Sense, Articles of Confederation, Declaration of the Rights

of ManB. Virginia Declaration of Rights, Common Sense, Bill of RightsC. Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact, Common SenseD. Magna Carta, Iroquois Constitution, Common Sense

The diagram below shows that the colonists formed some of their political views from some historical documents.

5. Which phrase completes the diagram?A. Separation of powers

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B. Economic freedomC. Self-governmentD. Individual rights

The passage below was written by Thomas Paine in his 1771 pamphlet, Common Sense.

6. Based on this passage, how is the author's view reflected in the U.S. political system?

A. The monarchy creates limited government.B. The monarchy supports self-government.C. Representatives are appointed.D. Representatives are elected.


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SS.7.C.1.3 - Describe how English policies and responses to colonial concerns led to the writing of the Declaration of

Independence.

Vocabulary

Assent To give one’s approval; agree to something

Oppression Cruel or unjust use of authority or power

Self-Evident Obvious

Tyranny Harsh, cruel, and severe government or conduct

Duty A tax

Rule of Law No one is above the law. Everyone must follow the law.

Taxation without

Representation

Colonists did not have a vote in English Parliament

Abolish To remove

Sovereignty To have power over

Parliament The English legislature

7. Which documents addressed colonial concerns about English policies?A. Declaration of IndependenceB. Mayflower CompactC. U.S. ConstitutionD. Bill of Rights

The diagram below describes a cause that led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence.

8. Which action completes the diagram?A. Colonial agriculture trade increases.B. Colonial religious devotion increases.C. Colonial demand for political change increases.D. Colonial demand for military assistance increases.

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9. Why did Parliament eventually repeal the Stamp Act, which taxed goods such as newspapers and playing cards?

A. The colonists established a blockade against British goods.B. The colonists were able to produce their own goods.C. The colonists started destroying British goods.D. The colonists began boycotting British goods.


SS.7.C.1.4 - Analyze the ideas (natural rights, role of the government) and complaints set forth in the Declaration of

Independence.

Vocabulary

Debt from the French and Indian War

England owed money from assisting the colonies in the French and Indian war and began demanding that the colonies help pay it back in the form of taxes

Road to the American

Revolution

Taxation without representation, no trial by jury, limiting judicial power, quartering soldiers, dissolving legislatures

Declaration of Independence

Natural rights – unalienable rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness)Role of Government – consent of the governed, people may abolish the governmentComplaints (see Road to the American Revolution)

Self-Evident Obvious

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Unalienable Cannot take away

The passage below is from a historical document.

10. Which document contains this passage?A. Declaration of IndependenceB. Articles of ConfederationC. English Bill of RightsD. U.S. Constitution

The passage below was written by Thomas Paine in his 1776 book, Common Sense.

11. Based on this passage, with which complaint against the king from the Declaration of Independence would Thomas Paine agree?

A. Persecuting immigrant groupsB. Taking away religious rightsC. Taking away political rightsD. Persecuting racial groups

12. What is one way that the ideas stated in the Declaration of Independence are evident today?

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A. Equal employment opportunitiesB. Voting rights amendmentsC. Selective serviceD. Term limits


SS.7.C.1.5 - Identify how the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation led to the writing of the Constitution.

Vocabulary

Articles of Confederation

the first constitution of the United States

Confederation A system of government where power is located with the independent states and there is little power in the central government; a confederation is also known as a confederal system

Constitutional Convention

A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 where delegates decided to throw out the Articles of Confederation and draft the Constitution

Debt Something owed, such as money

Shays Rebellion

an event when 2,000 Massachusetts farmers rebelled against land foreclosures and debt from the Revolutionary War

The diagram below shows steps leading to a historical event.

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13. Which event completes the diagram?A. Declaration of IndependenceB. Articles of ConfederationC. Annapolis ConventionD. Whiskey Rebellion

14. How did the U.S. Constitution solve a problem created by the Articles of Confederation?

A. It avoided the issue of states' rights.B. It allowed the states to elect representatives.C. It prevented the amendment of federal laws.D. D. It enabled the federal government to collect taxes.

The passage below is from a historical document.

15. How does the U.S. Constitution address concerns that resulted from the government described in this passage?

A. The new government could enforce treaties between the states.B. The new government could settle disputes between the states.C. The new government could regulate trade between the states.D. The new government could levy taxes between the states.


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SS.7.C.1.6 - Interpret the intentions of the Preamble of the Constitution.

Vocabulary

Defense method of protecting oneself

Domestic Referring to something at home, not foreign

Insure ensure, to make sure

Justice A system of establishing what is legal and illegal by fair rules

Ordain to establish something by law

Posterity Future generations

Preamble the introduction to the U.S. Constitution

Tranquility peace

Union something formed by combining parts, such as states into one country

Welfare well-being

16. Which part of the U.S. Constitution states the six purposes of government?

A. Bill of RightsB. Article IVC. Preamble

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D. Article I

17. In the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution, what is the meaning of the phrase "We the People"?

A. The people express their will through political parties.B. The people express their will by directly creating laws.C. Government receives taxes from the people and exists to support

them.D. Government receives its power from the people and exists to serve

them.

The statement below is from a historical document.

18. How is this statement reflected in the modern American political system?

A. Voters elect Congress members.B. The Electoral College elects Congress.C. Congress enforces policies.D. The president enacts policies.


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SS.7.C.1.7 - Describe how the Constitution limits the powers of government through separation of powers and checks and

balances.

Vocabulary

Checks and balances

a principle of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches

Constitutional government

A form of government based on a written set of laws that all citizens agree to; in this form of government, the constitution is the highest law of the land

Judicial review

the power of the judicial branch to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches and determine whether or not they are unconstitutional (this includes laws passed by Congress); the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established this power

Separation of power

The structure of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that sets up three branches with their own distinct powers and responsibilities

19. What check does the U.S. Senate have on the president?A. Overriding vetoesB. Appointing judgesC. Declaring laws unconstitutionalD. Refusing to confirm appointments

The passage below is from Federalist No. 47, written by James Madison in 1788.

20. Based on this passage, which constitutional principle does Madison describe?

A. Separation of powersB. Checks and balancesC. Popular sovereigntyD. Judicial review

21. Which principle supports President Eisenhower's action to uphold the

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U.S. Supreme Court's decision that public schools should be integrated?A. Judicial reviewB. Checks and balancesC. Separation of powersD. Constitutional government


SS.7.C.1.8 - Explain the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists regarding the ratification of the Constitution and

inclusion of a bill of rights.

Vocabulary

Anti-Federalist Papers

a series of essays written to oppose and defeat the proposed U.S. Constitution

Anti-Federalists

A group of people in the early United States who opposed ratification of the U.S. Constitution, because they feared a strong national government and a lack of protection for individual rights

Bill of Rights the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution

Federalist Papers

A series of essays written to explain and defend the proposed U.S. Constitution

22. What was the Anti-Federalists' greatest concern about ratifying the U.S. Constitution?

A. The lack of a federal court system.

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B. The lack of legislative veto power.C. The lack of a strong military.D. The lack of a bill of rights.

23. Which statement supports the Anti-Federalists in the struggle over ratification of the U.S. Constitution?

A. The Constitution should limit state government.B. The Constitution should protect fundamental rights.C. The Constitution should create a strong national government.D. The Constitution should prevent the election of amateur politicians.

The passage below was written by James Madison in 1787.

24. Based on this passage, what change in modern political society would Madison support?

A. Expanding the size of the CabinetB. Expanding the size of the Electoral CollegeC. Expanding the number of candidates in campaignsD. Expanding the role of special interest groups in campaigns


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SS.7.C.1.9 - Define the rule of law and recognize its influence on the development of the American legal, political, and governmental

systems.

Vocabulary

Law a rule established by government or other source of authority to regulate people’s conduct or activities

Rule of Law The idea that those who govern must follow the laws; no one is above the law

25. Which principle is included in the U.S. Constitution?A. Rule of lawB. Right to trialC. CapitalismD. Confederalism

26. Which statement describes an impact of the rule of law?A. State of natureB. Checks and balancesC. Separation of powersD. Transparency of institutions

The statement below is from the Magna Carta written in 1215.

27. Which political principle justifies this statement?A. The right to trial protects political institutions.B. The rule of law guarantees fair legal treatment.C. Checks and balances prevent tyranny in government. D. Separation of powers permits shared government authority.

Application

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Activity

SS.7.C.3.10 - Identify sources and types (civil, criminal, constitutional, military) of law.

Vocabulary

civil law law that deals with relationships between people (rather than relationships between people and the government)

constitutional law

law that focuses on interpreting the U.S. Constitution

criminal law law that deals with crimes and the punishments for those crimes

juvenile law law that deals with people who are under the age of 18

military law laws that apply only to people in the military

28. The Code of Hammurabi (1772 BC) includes laws focusing on contracts. What type of U.S. law is based on the Code of Hammurabi?

A. CivilB. ConstitutionalC. CriminalD. Military

29. Which type of law is used to help solve disputes between people or organizations?

A. CivilB. ConstitutionalC. Criminal

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D. Military

The passage below is from a U.S. Supreme Court opinion announcement.

30. According to the passage, which action did the U.S. Supreme Court find constitutional?

A. The death penalty may be imposed only on adults.B. The death penalty may be imposed only on juveniles.C. The death penalty may be imposed on both adults and juveniles.D. The death penalty may be imposed on neither adults nor juveniles.


Roles, Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens

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SS.7.C.2.1 - Define the term "citizen," and identify legal means of becoming a United States citizen.

Vocabulary

citizen A member of a community of people who owe loyalty to a government and, in turn, are entitled to its protection

citizenship The rights and duties of citizens

civics The study of the rights and duties of citizens

government A ruling authority for a community

alien A foreign-born resident of the United States who has not been naturalized

immigrant An individual who moves permanently to a new country

refugee A person who has left his or her home to escape danger such as persecution by the government, war, or natural disaster

naturalization A legal process to obtain citizenship

law of blood Citizenship is not determined by place of birth but by having one or both parents who are citizens of the state

law of soil Citizenship is not determined by place of birth, but by having one or both parents who are citizens of the state

duty An action we are required to perform

responsibility An obligation that we meet of our own free will

1. Which is a requirement for a person to become a naturalized U.S. citizen?

A. Passing a U.S. history and government examB. Working in the U.S. for at least five yearsC. Being born to American parentsD. Serving in the U.S. military

The diagram below shows some general eligibility requirements.

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2. Which statement completes the diagram?A. Joining a military serviceB. Obtaining a driver's licenseC. Becoming a naturalized citizenD. Receiving a social security card

The table below describes permanent resident status.

3. Based on the table, what could be predicted about the impact of permanent residents on government?

A. The number of person seeking citizenship by law of soil would decline.

B. The number of persons seeking citizenship by law of blood would increase.

C. The number of persons seeking naturalization would be affected by elections for Congress.

D. The number of persons seeking naturalization would be affected by elections for governor.

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SS.7.C.2.2 - Evaluate the obligations citizens have to obey laws, pay taxes, defend the nation, and serve on juries.

Vocabulary

obligations Being morally or legally bound to do something

jury A group of people (usually 12) who give a verdict in a court case according to evidence submitted in court

4. What right do citizens have?A. Attending public schoolsB. Owning propertyC. Holding a jobD. Voting

The illustration below shows a legal document.

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5. Why are citizens obligated to respond to such documents?A. To guarantee court hearings remain publicB. To guarantee courts provide probable causeC. To protect the constitutional right to be tried by one's peersD. To protect the constitutional right to confront one's accuser

The image below describes a citizen obligation.

6. Based on this image, what can be presumed about citizen obligations?A. Citizens support attending civic meetings.B. Citizens support securing individual rights.C. Citizens resist registering for selective service.D. Citizens resist contributing to the common good.

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SS.7.C.2.4 - Evaluate rights contained in the Bill of Rights and other amendments to the Constitution.

Vocabulary

Bill of Rights the first ten amendments of the U.S. Constitution

cruel and unusual

punishment

punishment prohibited by the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution; includes torture or other forms of punishment too severe for the crime committed

double jeopardy

the prosecution of a defendant for a criminal offense for which he has already been tried; prohibited in the Fifth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution

due process the right of people accused of crimes to have laws that treat them fairly, so that they cannot lose their life or freedom without having their legal rights protected

eminent domain

the right of the government to take private property for public use; the Fifth Amendment requires that people be paid fairly (compensated) for their property if it is taken by the government

equal protection

under the law

a guarantee under the 14th Amendment that a state must treat a citizen or class of citizens the same as it treats other citizens or classes in like circumstances

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First Amendment

an amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibiting Congress from establishing a religion, and from interfering with freedom of religious exercise, press, speech, assembly, or petition

pleading the fifth

the right of a person to refuse to testify under oath in a court of law on the grounds that the answers could be used as evidence against him to convict him of a criminal offense

Right to bear arms

the right of a defendant to be assisted by an attorney, and if he cannot afford his own lawyer, the government must appoint one for him; established in the Sixth Amendment

search and seizure

the process by which police or other authorities who suspect that a crime has been committed do a search of a person's property and collect evidence related to the crime; protection from illegal search and seizure is in the Fourth Amendment

suffrage the right to vote; protected in the 15th, 19th, 24th and 26th Amendments

trial by jury a trial in which the issue is determined by a judge and a jury, usually with 12 members, whose job is to determine facts and make a judgment of guilty or not guilty; protected in the Sixth Amendment

unenumerated rights

according to the Ninth Amendment, any right that is not specifically addressed in the Constitution still may be protected (e.g., privacy)

7. Which three rights are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights?A. Freedom of speech, right to work, right to petition the governmentB. Right to bear arms, right to a speedy trial, right to an educationC. Freedom of speech, right to bear arms, right to a speedy trialD. Right to vote, right to work, right to a speedy trial

The image below symbolizes a right protected by the Bill of Rights.

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8. What constitutional right does this image symbolize? A. Speedy trialB. Trial by peersC. Legal representationD. Peaceable assembly

9. Which First Amendment protections have been cited in opposition to this change?

A. Establishment and free exerciseB. Establishment and associationC. Speech and free exerciseD. Association and speech


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SS.7.C.2.5 - Distinguish how the Constitution safeguards and limits individual rights.

Vocabulary

appellate process

the process of asking a higher court to decide whether a trial was conducted properly

ex post facto a Latin term meaning “after the fact”

ex post facto law

a law that makes an act a crime after the crime has been committed

habeas corpus

the principle that the government has to provide a cause or reason for holding a person in jail

independent judiciary

the principle that decisions from the courts are fair and impartial and are not influenced by the other branches of government

precedent a court decision in an earlier case with facts and legal issues similar to those in a case currently before a court

privacy not in public

public interest common benefit, the general benefit of the public

safeguard To protect

summary judgment

a judgment decided by a trial court without the case going to trial; a summary judgment is an attempt to stop a case from going to trial

writ law

10. Which type of law makes an act a crime after it has been committed?A. Summary judgmentB. Double jeopardyC. Habeas corpusD. Ex post facto

Below is a statement from Chief Justice John Roberts. “…students do not shed their First

Amendment rights at the school-house gate.”

Source: Morse v. Frederick (2007) 11. Why is this statement significant?

A. The Constitution limits individual rights.

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B. The Constitution safeguards individual rights.C. The Constitution does not limit individual rights.D. The Constitution does not safeguard individual rights.

The timeline below shows events related to the death penalty.

12. What constitutional protections have resulted from these events?A. Constitutional protections from cruel and unusual punishment are

safeguarded while executions continue.B. Constitutional protections from cruel and unusual punishment are

limited while executions continue.C. Constitutional protections of due process of law are safeguarded

while executions continue.D. Constitutional protections of due process of law are limited while

executions continue.


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SS.7.C.3.6 - Evaluate constitutional rights and their impact on individuals and society.

Vocabulary

civil disobedience

the refusal to obey certain laws as a form of political protest

economic freedom

the freedom to produce, trade, or use any goods or services in a way that is legal

eminent domain

the right of the government to take private property for public use; the Fifth Amendment requires that people be paid fairly (compensated) for their property if it is taken by the government

forced internment

the confinement of a group of people, especially during a war

freedom of assembly

the right to hold meetings and form groups without interference by the government; guaranteed in the First Amendment

property rights

the right to own property; mentioned in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments

13. Which individual protection is found in the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution?

A. Privacy rightsB. Property rightsC. Forced internmentD. Civil disobedience

14. Which action represents an individual exercising a constitutional right?A. Summary judgmentB. Quartering soldiersC. Civil disobedienceD. Double jeopardy

The passage below is from Executive Order 9066, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, February 19, 1942.

…by …the authority vested in me as President of the United States, …I hereby authorize …the Secretary of War….whenever he …deems such action necessary…, to prescribe military areas in

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such places and of such extent as he…may determine, from which any or all persons may be excluded, and with respect to which, the right of any person to enter, remain in, or leave shall be subject to whatever restrictions the Secretary of War …may impose in his discretion.

Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration 15. According to this passage, what impact does government have on the people?

A. Citizens are protected from forced internment.B. Citizens may be subjected to forced internment.C. Citizens may be required to perform military service.D. Citizens are protected from required military service.


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SS.7.C.3.7 - Analyze the impact of the 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th amendments on participation of minority groups in the

American political process.

Vocabulary

13th

Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that made slavery unconstitutional in the United States

14th

Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that defines citizenship, grants citizenship to former slaves and defines voters as males at least 21 year of age

15th

Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that makes it illegal for the federal or state governments to deny someone the right to vote based on their race

19th

Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that gave women the right to vote

24th

Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that made poll taxes illegal as a requirement for voting

26th

Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that lowered the minimum voting age to 18

amendment a change to a constitution (e.g., U.S. Constitution, Florida Constitution)

civil rights the basic rights of citizens to be free from unequal treatment based on certain characteristics (e.g., race, gender, disability)

Civil Rights Act of 1964

a federal law that prohibits employment discrimination based on race, sex, color, religion, or national origin

Civil Rights Act of 1968

a federal law that prohibits discrimination related to the sale, rental and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin or sex

discrimination treating a person or group unfairly based on their race, religion, gender, disability, or other reasons

Equal Rights Amendment

a proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution outlawing discrimination based on sex

literacy test a written test used to decide whether or not someone was eligible to register vote

poll tax a fee someone has to pay in order to vote

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prohibit to forbid or to not allow something

segregation the separation of people, such as segregation based on race

states’ rights a power or issue for individual states to determine

suffrage the right to vote

Voting Rights Act of 1965

a federal law that banned racial discrimination in voting practices by federal, state, and local governments

16. What was a common characteristic about groups denied voting rights before the 15th, 19th and 26th amendments were ratified?

A. State legislatures could decide whether women, African-Americans and young people could vote.

B. The president could decide whether women, African-Americans and young people could vote.

C. Members of these groups were employed.D. Members of these groups had not graduated from college.

The chart below describes amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

Amendment Description

15 Right to vote not denied by race

19 Right to vote not denied to women

24 Right to vote not denied to those who could not pay a poll tax

26 Right to vote not denied to those 18-20 years old

17. How did these amendments affect participation in the American political process?

A. More citizens could vote.B. Fewer immigrants could vote.C. More candidates could be nominated.D. Fewer candidates could be confirmed.

18. How are 14th Amendment due process protections related to the Civil Rights Act of 1968?

A. Congress may not enact discriminatory housing statutes.B. Congress may not enact discriminatory employment policies. C. State legislatures may not enact discriminatory housing statutes.D. State legislatures may not enact discriminatory employment policies.

Application

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Activity

SS.7.C.3.12 - Analyze the significance and outcomes of landmark Supreme Court cases including, but not limited to, Marbury v.

Madison, Plessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education, Gideon v. Wainwright, Miranda v. Arizona, in re Gault, Tinker v. Des Moines, Hazelwood v. Kuhlmier, United States v. Nixon, and Bush v. Gore.

Vocabulary

Arbiter aa person with the power to decide a dispute

Equal Protection

Clause

the section of the 14th Amendment that says the states must apply the law equally and cannot discriminate against citizen or groups of citizens

Executive privilege

the belief that the conversations between the presidents and his or her aides are confidential

Judicial opinion

a judgement by a court

Judicial review

the power of the U.S. courts to examine the laws or actions of the legislative and executive branches of the government and to determine whether such actions are consistent with the U.S. Constitution

Juvenile Rights

rights of people under age 18

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Landmark an important or unique decision, event, fact, or discovery

Legal equality the concept that everyone is equal in the eyes of the law

Legal precedent

a judicial decision that is used as an example in dealing with later, similar cases

Prosecute to carry on a legal action against an accused person to prove his or her guilt

Rights of the accused the rights included in the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendments:

protection from unreasonable search and seizureprotection against double jeopardy protection from self-incriminationright to due process right to a speedy right to a public trialright to a trial by juryright to be informed of criminal charges right to be confronted by adverse witnessesright to an attorney, protection from self-incrimination

Segregation the separation of people, such as segregation based on race

Self-incrimination

the right in the Fifth Amendment that protects a person from being forced to reveal to the police, prosecutor, judge, or jury any information that might subject him or her to criminal prosecution

Separation of powers

he structure of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that sets up three branches with their own distinct powers and responsibilities

Supremacy Clause

the clause that states that the U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and that national laws are supreme over state laws, found in Article VI

Unanimous in complete agreement

Supreme Court Cases

Brown v. Board of

Education

U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that “separate but equal” segregation was not equal in public education

Bush v. Gore U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that states cannot violate the Equal Protection Clause under the Fourteenth Amendment when undertaking election recounts.

District of Columbia v.

U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld that the Second Amendment protects an individual’s right to possess a firearm

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Heller

Gideon v. Wainwright

U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the Sixth Amendment right that all defendants must be appointed a lawyer if they cannot afford their own attorney

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that the First Amendment does not protect all types of student speech in school

In re gault U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that juvenile court must comply with the Fourteenth Amendment

Marbury v. Madison

U.S. Supreme Court case that established judicial review

Miranda v. Arizona

U.S. Supreme Court cases that upheld the Fifth Amendment protection from self-incrimination

Plessy v. Ferguson

U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that “separate but equal” segregation was not discrimination

Tinker v. Des Moines

U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a student’s First Amendment right to engage in symbolic speech in school

United States v. Nixon

Supreme Court case that limited executive privilege

19. In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that the Florida Supreme Court's plan for recounting ballots violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

A. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)B. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)C. U.S. v. Nixon (1974)D. Bush v. Gore (2000)

20. Following the 1966 Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona, police began informing people placed under arrest that they "have the right to remain silent." What basic freedom is this meant to protect, and how does it affect arrested individuals?

A. The right to freedom of speech; it provides them with the ability to speak to their attorneys without fear of incrimination.

B. The protection against self-incrimination; it informs them that speaking to law enforcement could incriminate them.

C. The protection of due process; it prevents convicted offenders from receiving cruel and unusual punishments.

D. The right to freedom of assembly; it prevents law enforcement from asking them questions without the presence of an attorney.

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21. What lessons did future U.S. leaders learn from the 1974 U.S. Supreme Court case United States v. Nixon?

A. The president is accountable for obeying the law.B. The president is responsible for enforcing the law.C. The president is not allowed to hold secret talks with foreign

governments.D. The president is not allowed to have private meetings with Cabinet

members.


Government Policies and Political Processes

SS.7.C.2.8 - Identify America's current political parties, and illustrate their ideas about government.

Vocabulary

Democratic Party

Liberal; left; tax the rich and assist the poor; social programs; big government

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Libertarian Party

Limited government

Republican Party

Conservative; right; family values; lower taxes; smaller government

Socialist/Communist

Party

Equal wealth for all

1. Which spending increase would the Democratic Party likely support?A. Homeland security B. Space explorationC. EducationD. Military

The statement below is from a political party platform.

We, the workers and our allies, need to take power from the hands of the wealthy few, their corporations, and their political operatives.

2. Which political party’s position is represented in the statement?A. CommunistB. DemocraticC. RepublicanD. Socialist

The conversation below is part of a political discussion. --------------------------- Lou: I am going to vote for the candidate who will support cutting government spending. Bob: Yes, we spend too much on some programs. ---------------------------3. Which party’s candidates are these voters most likely to support?

A. DemocraticB. GreenC. RepublicanD. Socialist


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SS.7.C.2.9 - Evaluate candidates for political office by analyzing their qualifications, experience, issue-based platforms, debates, and

political ads.

Vocabulary

Evaluate Candidates based on:

Qualifications, Experience, Issue-based platforms, Debates, Political ads

Requirements to run for President

35 years old, live in US for 14 years, born in the US

4. Which is a constitutional requirement to run for Congress?A. U.S. permanent residentB. At least 25 years oldC. At least 30 years oldD. U.S. citizen

5. Why might this have been a difficult election for Richards to win? A. Richards is a homeowner.B. Richards is a party leader.C. Richards has less political experience than his opponent.

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D. Richards has less employment experience than his opponent.

The poster below is from a recent election.

Doug is pro-immigration!Doug is pro-military!

Vote for Doug6. Based on the poster, what conclusion can be drawn about the candidate?

A. Doug is running for judge.B. Doug is running for mayor.C. Doug is running for president.D. Doug is running for city council.


SS.7.C.2.10 - Examine the impact of media, individuals, and interest groups on monitoring and influencing government.

Vocabulary

Bias Favoring one side over the other

PAC Political action committee; an organization established by a corporation, labor union, or other special interest group designed to support candidates by contributing money

Special interest group

An organization that tries to influence the government

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Watchdog People and organizations that watch over the party in power so that they do not abuse or misuse their power

7. Who do lobbyists represent in their attempts to influence government? A. Military officersB. Elected officialsC. Interest groupsD. Circuit judges

8. Which example represents the media acting as watchdog? A. A journalist discovers that an office holder held a hearing.B. A journalist discovers that an office holder accepted a bribe.C. A journalist discovers that an office holder decided to retire.D. A journalist discovers that an office holder voted against a bill.

The statements below are taken from a government document.

Executive Order 13490 -- Ethics Commitments

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America…, it is hereby ordered as follows:

Section 1. Ethics Pledge. Every appointee in every executive agency appointed on or after January 20, 2009, shall sign…and…pledge…

As a condition, and in consideration, of my employment in the United States Government in a position invested with the public trust, I commit myself to the following obligations…

I will not accept gifts from registered lobbyists or lobbying organizations for the duration of my service as an appointee.

Source: The White House9. According to the statements, what impact have lobbyists had on government?

A. Lobbyists impact how the media endorse elected officials.B. Lobbyists impact how individuals use the media.C. Lobbyists impact congressional lawmaking.D. Lobbyists impact judicial decision making.


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SS.7.C.2.11 - Analyze media and political communications (bias, symbolism, propaganda).

Vocabulary

Propaganda A system to spread ideas

Bias Favoring one side over the other

Symbolism The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualitiesEx: the Statue of Liberty is a symbol for the United States

10. Which source would give the most accurate information about the views held by an incumbent running for Congress?

A. Special interest group ratings of that Congress memberB. A television commercial sponsored by a political partyC. The voting record of the candidate while in Congress D. Flyers sent through the mail by the candidate

The passage below is from a U.S. Supreme Court decision.

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has for many years imposed …a “fairness doctrine,” requiring that public issues be presented by broadcasters and that each side of those issues be given fair coverage.

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Source: Red Lion Broadcasting Co., Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission (1969)

11. Based on the passage, what is a goal of the FCC regulation?

A. To limit bias in political communicationB. To promote bias in political communicationC. To limit symbolism in political communicationD. To promote symbolism in political communication

The poster below was used in a presidential campaign.

Source: Collection of the U.S. House of Representatives

12. Which government action would this presidential candidate likely support?

A. An executive order requiring that executive branch employees complete their work in an honest manner

B. An executive order requiring that executive branch agencies guarantee equal employment opportunity

C. An executive order requiring that executive agencies work together to coordinate ocean-related matters

D. An executive order requiring that a commission be established focusing on Central America


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SS.7.C.2.13 - Examine multiple perspectives on public and current issues.

Vocabulary

editorial an opinion based item generated by the editor or editorial board of a newspaper or other media.

issue a subject that is under debate by two or more parties

nonprofit organization

a group organized on a local, national or international level to perform a variety of services related to an issue or variety of issues; funding goes toward the issue instead of making a profit

perspective point of view

political party an organization that tries to get political power by electing members to public office so that their political ideas can become laws or policies

special interest group

a group of people who are concerned with a particular issue and who try to influence legislators to act in their favor, also known as an interest group

13. Which option represents a way that multiple perspectives are reflected in political participation?

A. Public meetingsB. Press conferenceC. Legislative sessionsD. State of the Union address

14. Which option reflects a long term policy goal?

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A. Collecting canned food to give to the poorB. Collecting signatures to run for public officeC. Collecting soap and shampoo to send overseasD. Collecting signatures to put an amendment on the ballot

Below are views about the minimum wage.

15. Which of the following groups would most likely influence public perspectives on this debate?

A. A group of labor union membersB. A group of environmentalistsC. A group of teachersD. A group of women voters


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SS.7.C.4.1 - Differentiate concepts related to United States domestic and foreign policy.

Vocabulary

Secretary of State

After the President; the top person who deals with foreign affairs for the US

Treaty An agreement between two or more nations

Ambassador official member of a government who represents his country in a foreign nation

Diplomacy/Diplomat

Talking things out instead of using military action/a person who uses diplomacy

NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement: Mexico, USA, Canada

Non-Governmental Organizations

(NGO)

A group that gets involved in international affairs to protect human rights, improve living conditions, promote peace, protect the environment, etc.

Domestic Affairs v. Foreign Affairs

Domestic – homeForeign – other countries

International Relations

Refers to how nations interact with one another

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization; US and its allies; Created after World War 2

Doctrine A strong statement of a belief

16. What is a responsibility of the U.S. Senate in foreign policy?A. Nominating ambassadorsB. Introducing tax billsC. Negotiating treatiesD. Ratifying treaties

17. Which action is an example of a foreign-policy decision?A. Congress increased providing support to newly arrived immigrants.B. The president requested a law to regulate pollution near international

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borders.C. Congress raised educational standards to make students

competitive in a global market.D. The president signed an executive order restoring relations with a

communist government.

Below is a graph about high school graduation rates in the United States.

18. Which long term domestic policy goal is reflected in the graph?A. Career preparationB. Physical fitnessC. Racial equalityD. Public safety


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SS.7.C.4.2 - Recognize government and citizen participation in international organizations.

Vocabulary

International Red

Cross/Red Crescent

A humanitarian NGO that provides medical treatment to people all over the world

UN United Nations is the organization where all nations meet and attempt to work out differences diplomatically (The UN also has UNICEF and The World Court)

UNICEF United Nations Children’s FundA UN effort to assist needy children throughout the world

World Court A court that tries people for international crimes and crimes against humanity

WTO World Trade Organization; an organization of nations who make trade agreements

19. The U.S. government is a member of which organization?A. United NationsB. European UnionC. World Wildlife FundD. International Red Cross

The statement below is from Executive Order 10924, President John F. Kennedy, March 1, 1961.

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20. What opportunities does the executive order create for citizens and the government?

A. To provide for the common defenseB. To establish domestic tranquilityC. To advance the common goodD. To administer justice

The graph below shows participation in international organizations.

21. What conclusion about international NGOs can be drawn from the graph?

A. They have decreased community involvement.B. They have increased democratic participation.C. They have maintained world peace.D. They have strengthened terrorism.


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SS.7.C.4.3 - Describe examples of how the United States has dealt with international conflicts.

Vocabulary

World War 1 US remained isolated until three years into the war; Allies: Russia, France, UKUSA wins

World War 2 US remained isolated until Pearl Harbor; Allies: USSR, UK, FranceUSA wins

Korean War US supported the democratic south against the Chinese supported communist north; Result: stalemate; country is divided between north and south

Vietnam War US supported the democratic south against the communist northResult: US loses and all of Vietnam becomes communist

Bay of Pigs US trains Cuban refugees to invade Cuba and defeat Castro’s communist government; Result: the US trained refugees fail and Cuba fears a US invasion

Cuban Missile Crisis

USSR gives Cuba nuclear missilesResult: After a tense standoff, the US and USSR make a peaceful agreement

Iran Hostage Crisis

Over 60 Americans were held hostage by the Iranian revolutionariesThey were released when Reagan was inaugurated

Persian Gulf War

Iraq invades Kuwait; The US leads forces and drives Iraq out of Kuwait

War with Afghanistan

After 9/11 the US invades Afghanistan to hunt down Al Qaeda, bin Laden, and the Taliban

Invasion of Iraq 2003

The US invades Iraq to search for weapons of mass destruction – more specifically, chemical weapons

22. During which conflict did the U.S. declare war on Japan?A. Korean WarB. Vietnam War?C. World War ID. World War II

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23. A country with very strong economic ties to the United States is allowing human rights violations to take place. Based on U.S. foreign policy, which is an appropriate first response?

A. Initiate a trade banB. Initiate public protestsC. Initiate diplomatic talksD. Initiate a military operation

The statement below was made by President Barack Obama on August 18, 2011.

24. What is the relationship between President Obama's statement and U.S. involvement in Syrian political affairs?

A. Development of diplomatic alliancesB. Support for the rule of lawC. Economic developmentD. Conflict resolution


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Organization and Function of Government

SS.7.C.3.1 - Compare different forms of government (direct democracy, representative democracy, socialism, communism,

monarchy, oligarchy, autocracy).

Vocabulary

Direct Democracy

people vote for everything (laws; leader)

Representative Democracy

people vote for representatives who then make laws and decisions on their behalf

Socialism A system where the government controls most of the means of production and wealth is distributed evenly

Communism A system where all the means of production are owned and shared equally by the people

Monarchy Monarchy – government with a king/queenAbsolute Monarchy – the king/queen has complete control

Oligarchy Rule by a few

Autocracy Rule by one

Republic A government where individual states come together as one

Legislature A group that makes laws

Congress The legislature of the United States

Study the chart below and then answer question 1.

1. According to Karl Marx, the workers of the world would unite and overthrow the wealthy and eventually implement which system?

A. CommunismB. FederalismC. Monarchy

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Socialism is put in place

Capitalism is overthrown

Money becomes obsolete

Worker Revolution

?

D. Autocracy

2. What do an absolute monarchy and an autocracy have in common? A. Single ruler B. Written constitution C. National court system D. Single legislative house

3. What is a government that is run by the people, either directly or indirectly?

A. DemocracyB. OligarchyC. AutocracyD. Communism


SS.7.C.3.2 - Compare parliamentary, federal, confederal, and unitary systems of government.

Vocabulary

Federal A government that has a central authority as a higher power over states

Parliamentary Has a prime minister; executive and legislative branches are combined

Confederal States have more power than the central government

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Unitary Legislative, executive, and judicial powers are not separated – they are all held by one person or group

4. Which statement completes the diagram?A. In a confederal system, city governments have the most power.B. In a confederal system, international associations have the most power.C. In a confederal system, state governments have the most power.D. In a confederal system, the people have the most power.

The excerpt below is from a constitution of a foreign nation.

When requested by the National Assembly (legislature) or its committees, the Prime Minister…(has) to attend any meeting of the National Assembly and answer questions.5. Which type of government is evident in the excerpt above?

A. SocialismB. ConfederalC. ParliamentaryD. Dictatorship

6. Which government system combines the legislative and executive powers into one body?

A. UnitaryB. FederalC. DemocracyD. Republic

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SS.7.C.3.3 - Illustrate the structure and function (three branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the

Constitution.

Vocabulary

coining money

the power of the legislative branch to print money (coins and bills) for use

declaration of war

The power of congress to vote to go to war with another country

elastic clause the power of Congress to pass all laws they deem necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers (also known as implied powers)

foreign relations

The power of the executive branch to decide on the United States dealing with other countries in order to achieve national goals

implied powers

powers not written in the U.S. Constitution but are necessary and proper in order for the federal government to carry out the expressed powers

enumerated or delegated

powers

The power specifically named and assigned to the federal government to carry out the expressed powers

original jurisdiction

the power of a court to be the first to hear a case on a specific topic

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pardon The formal act of forgiving someone or excusing a mistake

veto a decision by an executive authority such as a president or governor to reject a proposed law or statute

congress the national legislative body of the U.S., consisting of the Senate, or upper house, and the House of Representatives, or lower house

impeach to bring formal charges of wrongdoing against a public official (such as the U.S. President)

expressed powers

Power that the U.S. Congress has that is specifically listed in the Constitution

non-legislative

power

Duty Congress holds besides lawmaking

7. Which branch of federal government makes laws?

A. BureaucracyB. ExecutiveC. JudicialD. Legislative

The newspaper headline below describes an event in U.S. history.

8. Which parts of the national government participated in the process described in the newspaper headline?

A. Senate and PresidentB. Supreme Court and PresidentC. House of Representatives and SenateD. Supreme Court and House of Representatives

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The statement below is from a congressional document, July 27, 1974.

9. How have similar statements influenced modern congressional actions?A. Presidential impeachmentB. Presidential nominationC. Presidential electionD. Presidential veto


SS.7.C.3.4 - Identify the relationship and division of powers between the federal government and state governments.

Vocabulary

concurrent powers

powers shared by the national, state, and/or local government

delegated the powers specifically named and assigned to the federal government or

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powers prohibited to be exercised by the states under the U.S. Constitution, also known as enumerated powers

enumerated powers

the powers specifically named and assigned to the federal government or prohibited to be exercised by the states under the U.S. Constitution, also known as delegated powers

federal government

the national level of government; the government of the United States

federalism system of government in which power is divided and shared between national, state, and local governments

local government

the government of a municipality (city) or county

reserved powers

powers that are not granted to the federal government that belong to (are reserved for) the states and the people, see Tenth Amendment

state government

the government of an individual state

Supremacy Clause

the clause that states that the U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and that national laws are supreme over state laws, found in Article VI (six)

10th Amendment

the final amendment in the Bill of Rights, it states: ”The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”

10. Which constitutional provision forbids conflict between state and federal laws?

A. Supremacy clauseB. Habeas corpusC. Elastic clauseD. Ex post facto

11. Which is an example of a Tenth Amendment issue?A. State governments oversee public schoolsB. State governments coin moneyC. National governments make treatiesD. National governments declare war

The map below describes the number of people on death row in the United States as of 2012.

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Source: Adapted from the Death Penalty Information Center12. What constitutional relationship does the map illustrate?

A. Enumerated powersB. Concurrent powersC. Delegated powersD. Reserved powers


SS.7.C.3.5 - Explain the Constitutional amendment process.

Vocabulary

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caucus A meeting to select a candidate or promote a policy

ratify To confirm by expression consent or approval

rescind To officially cancel or overturn

13. Which government institution may vote on constitutional amendments? A. BureaucracyB. ExecutiveC. Judicial D. Legislative

The newspaper headline below describes an event in U.S. history.

Source: Anti-Saloon League Museum

14. Based on the headline, what happened before the event presented in the image?

A. Two-thirds of each house of Congress voted to support the amendment.

B. The president rejected the amendment after Congress voted to support it.

C. Three-fourths of each house of Congress voted to support the amendment.

D. The president forwarded the amendment to the states after Congress voted to support it.

The passage below is from an 1848 speech by Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

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In the United States of America women [are] unrepresented in this government—

our rights and interests wholly overlooked.

Source: Public Domain

15. Based on the passage, which action in the modern political system would Elizabeth Cady Stanton support?

A. Amending the U.S. Constitution to extend suffrageB. Amending the U.S. Constitution to guarantee due processC. Congress enacting a law limiting freedom of speech rightsD. Congress enacting a law limiting freedom of association rights


SS.7.C.3.8 - Analyze the structure, functions, and processes of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

Vocabulary

ambassador a person sent as the chief representative of his or her own government to another country

bicameral having two chambers (e.g. the two houses of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives)

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bill a proposal for a law

cabinet people appointed by the president to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers to the president

committee a group of House or Senate (or both) members that discusses and debates proposed bills; they may also discuss issues of interest to the country

executive order

an order that comes from the U.S. President or a government agency and must be obeyed like a law

majority leader

a position where a Member of Congress is elected by the majority party to serve as the chief spokesperson for that party and to manage and schedule

the business of either house

minority leader

a position where a member of Congress is elected by the minority party to serve as the chief spokesperson for the party and to support the majority

party in managing and scheduling the business of either house

president the head of the executive branch

President pro tempore of the Senate

the person who presides over the Senate when the Vice President is not present

Speaker of the House

an office identified in Article I, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution; the leader of the U.S. House of Representatives, usually the highest ranking member

of the majority party

U.S Representative

a member of the U.S House of Representatives; representatives are elected in districts throughout each state

U.S. Senate the upper house of the U.S. Congress

U.S. Senator a member of the U.S. Senate elected to represent an entire state; there are two senators per state

U.S. Supreme Court

the highest court of the United States; it sits at the top of the federal court system

Congress the national legislative body of the U.S., consisting of the Senate, or upper house, and the House of Representatives, or lower house

executive branch

the branch of government that enforces the laws made by the legislative branch

federalism a system of government in which power is divided and shared between national, state, and local government

judicial the branch of government that interprets the laws made by the legislative

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branch branch

legislative branch

the branch of government that creates laws

U.S. House of Representativ

es

the lower house of the U.S. Congress

The diagram below shows some of the steps involved in creating a Florida state law.

16. What is the next step in the lawmaking process?

A. The governor signs the bill into law.B. The bill goes to the Senate for action.C. The people vote on the bill in an election.D. The bill goes to the Supreme Court for a hearing.

17. What do the highest courts of Florida and the United States have in common?

A. Both have the same number of justices.B. Both have chief justices.C. Justices serve for life with good behavior.D. Justices serve for set terms of office.

The table below describes presidential vetoes.

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18. Based on the table, how has the legislative process been impacted by presidential vetoes?

A. The president's' views are not reflected in public policy.B. The president's' views are reflected in public policy.C. Congress represents the will of the people.D. Congress represents the will of the states.


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SS.7.C.3.11 - Diagram the levels, functions, and powers of courts at the state and federal levels.

Vocabulary

appeal a request, made after a trial, asking a higher court to decide whether that trial was conducted properly

appellate court

any court that has the power to hear appeals from lower courts

circuit courts a court for a defined region of a state (usually including several counties) that has specific divisions and hears cases involving more serious crimes (felonies) and civil cases involving large amounts of money (more than $1000)

county courts a court that hears both civil and criminal cases involving less serious crimes or minor issues for one specific county

judicial review the power of the judicial branch to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches and determine whether or not they are unconstitutional (this includes laws passed by Congress); the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established this power

jurisdiction the right and power for courts to hear a case, interpret and apply the law

jury a group of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court of law

trial court the local, state, or federal court that is the first to hear a civil or criminal case; involves a hearing and decision with a single judge, with or without a jury

U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals

the courts where parties who are dissatisfied with the judgment of a U.S. District court may take their case

U.S. Supreme Court

the highest court of the United States; it sits at the top of the federal court system

19. What is the correct order of Florida's courts, from lowest to highest authority?

A. Circuit courts, Florida Supreme Court, county courts, District Court of Appeals

B. County courts, circuit courts, District Court of Appeals, Florida Supreme Court

C. District Court of Appeals, Florida Supreme Court, county courts,

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circuit courtsD. Florida Supreme Court, circuit courts, District Court of Appeals,

county courts

The diagram below provides details about the U.S. court system.

20. Which court completes the diagram?A. Court of Veterans AppealsB. Court of AppealsC. Military CourtsD. Claims Courts

The graph below describes appeals filed by type of appeal in the U.S. Courts of Appeals, 1990-2010.

21. Based on the graph, what conclusion can be drawn about court cases in the U.S.?

A. More civil cases are being filed without legal representation.B. More criminal cases are being filed without legal representation.C. More criminal actions are being dropped before trial.D. More civil actions are being dropped before trial.


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SS.7.C.3.13 - Compare the constitutions of the United States and Florida.

Vocabulary


article a numbered chapter or section of a contract, treaty, or constitution

authority the power to direct the actions of people or to make decisions

constitution the basic principles and laws of a nation or state that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it; usually a written document

Florida Declaration of Rights

the part of the Florida Constitution that lists the basic rights guaranteed to all citizens who live in the state

22. Which part of the Florida Constitution protects individual rights?A. Declaration of RightsB. Bill of RightsC. AmendmentsD. Preamble

23. Which statement describes a similarity between the Florida Constitution and the U.S. Constitution?

A. Neither protects individual rightsB. Both include an amendment processC. Neither provides for a chief executiveD. Both include a nine member Supreme Court

The headline below describes an action by citizens.

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24. What conclusion can be drawn from the headline?A. Citizens can be directly involved in policy making. B. Citizens can be involved in policy making through their

representatives.C. Only elected officials may change constitutions.D. Only elected officials make policy.


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SS.7.C.3.14 - Differentiate between local, state, and federal governments' obligations and services.

Vocabulary

concurrent powers

powers shared by the national, state, and/or local government

expressed or enumerated powers

the powers specifically given to the federal government, also known as delegated powers; they may not be used by state government

federal government

the national level of government; the government of the United States

federalism a system of government in which power is divided and shared between national, state, and local government

implied powers

powers not written in the U.S. Constitution but are necessary and proper in order for the federal government to carry out the expressed powers

inherent powers

powers not listed in the U.S. Constitution but are necessary for the federal government to function

local government

the governing body of a municipality or county

reserved powers

powers that are not granted to the federal government that belong to (are reserved for) the states and the people

state government

the government of an individual state

Tenth Amendment

the final amendment in the Bill of Rights, it states: ”The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”

A Florida homeowner received the notice below in the mail: Trash collection will change from Wednesdays to Thursdays beginning January 1, 2016

25. The homeowner was upset by the notice and decided to write a letter to a public official responsible for providing the service. To which public official would the homeowner write the letter?

A. U.S. PresidentB. U.S. SenatorC. State Representative

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D. County Commissioner

The statement below was made during a speech by President Barack Obama on September 9, 2009.

26. According to the statements, which power did President Obama ask Congress to exercise?

A. Confirm Supreme Court appointmentsB. Confirm Cabinet appointmentsC. Lay and collect taxesD. Declare war

The statement below is from a document.

27. What conclusion can be drawn from the statement?A. It is illegal to suspend trash collection.B. It is illegal to suspend police services.C. It is illegal to suspend mail delivery.D. It is illegal to suspend fire services.


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the date of my civics end of course - muse …€¦ · web viewthe constitution should prevent...

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