the deep sea by brady romero. intro undocumented what is it? –physically –environmentally...
TRANSCRIPT
IntroIntro
• Undocumented• What is it?
– Physically– Environmentally– Biologically
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uqly8ERIkHM
PhysicallyPhysically
• Beneath continental shelf– Order of shelf?
• Originally thought as flat
• Trench benthic zone?• http://
www.youtube.com/channel/UCl3Vf8heuOumLuC_toRYGXg
Our problemsOur problems
• We know nothing– Expensive– Hard– Time consuming– Inaccurate
• Bathysnap– Camera– Bathysnack
EnvironmentEnvironment
• Light– Order?– Food?– Exceptions?
• Temperature– Constant
• -1* to 4* Celsius
– Exceptions?
• Dissolved oxygen– Minimum under _____– Then constant
EnvironmentEnvironment
• Currents– Keep measurements
constant– Three types
• Tidal currents• Oceanic conveyor• Coriolis effect
• Hydrostatic pressure– _atmospheres for _m– Organisms adapt– http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=GnekAQTbEcI
EnvironmentEnvironment
• Sediment– Mainly soft, fine mud– Thick– 2 classes
• Inorganic• Biogenous
– Percentage?– Types?
– Dependent on surface– Whales
• Important• We suck even more
Food supplyFood supply
• Production– Chemosynthesis
• Sulfur compounds
– Mainly allochthonous• Rely on POM• 1-3%primary production
reach seabed
• Dissolved Organic Matter– Needed for carbon
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ufxGw8EqY5Q
Food supplyFood supply
• Large food falls– Carcasses
• Important food source• Scavengers
– Unpredictable• Long times between
food sources
– Plant falls provide C– Terrestrial matter is
unused– Think there is other
food
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ykxQwleMo4
Food supplyFood supply
• POM from euphotic– 3 main groups
• Fecal pellets• Moults• Marine snow
– Grows like snow
• Timing of food– Directly associated with
surface blooms
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Hi5muM44NE
OrganismsOrganisms
• Slope– Hard to determine
changes
• Distribution– More in shallow then
deep
• Size of organisms– Generally
• Direct relationship
– Gigantism
OrganismsOrganisms
• Diversity– Forbes– Don’t know much
• Assume little
• Composition– Realized nice
• Small overlap of animal
• Species– 1.4 million species on
Earth
OrganismsOrganisms
• Mobile megafauna– Echinoderms– Crustaceans
• Lobsters• Ontogenetic
– Benthopelagic fish– http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ykxQwleMo4
Hydrothermal ventsHydrothermal vents
• First vent observed – 1977
– Galapagos rift
– By Robert Ballard
• Atochthonous– Chemosynthesis
• Thermophiles– Super
– Hyper
• Cold seeps