The Demographic Transition Model*hereafter referred to as the DTM

STAGE ONE• Population Pyramid Shape • Wide bottom, wide top• Example• None in existence• Birth Rate• High• Death Rate• High• Natural Increase• Slow

STAGE ONE• Reasons for change in birth rate

• Children needed to farm

• High Infant Mortality Rate

• Religious/Social Encouragement

• Little Family Planning

STAGE ONE• Reasons for change in death rate

• Disease

• Famine

• Little medical access

STAGE TWO• Population Pyramid Shape • Wide base, narrow top• Example• 3rd World• Birth Rate• High• Death Rate• Rapid Decrease• Natural Increase• Rapid Increase

STAGE TWO• Reasons for change in birth rate

• Children needed to farm

• High Infant Mortality Rate

• Religious/Social Encouragement

• Little Family Planning

STAGE TWO• Reasons for change in death rate

• Improved medical care

• Safe/constant water supply

• Improved sanitation

• Fewer children die

STAGE THREE• Population Pyramid Shape • Equilateral triangle• Example• Brazil, Mexico, India• Birth Rate• Slowly Falling• Death Rate• Levels Off• Natural Increase• Slower Increase

STAGE THREE• Reasons for change in birth rate

• Improved medical care

• Improved diet

• Less children needed to work

• Improved economy

STAGE THREE• Reasons for change in death rate

• Improved medical care

• Safe/constant water supply

• Improved sanitation

• Fewer children die

STAGE FOUR• Population Pyramid Shape • coffin• Example• USA, Western Europe, Japan• Birth Rate• Low• Death Rate• Low• Natural Increase• Stable,Slow

STAGE FOUR• Reasons for change in birth rate

• Family Planning

• Improved Women’s Status

• Late Marriage

STAGE FOUR• Reasons for change in death rate

• Excellent Health Care

• Excellent Food Supply

STAGE FIVE• Population Shrinks

• Postindustrialized