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TRANSCRIPT
Andreas Kyrtatos, General Manager Project Management Office
The Development of the Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos2
1 Introduction
3 The 2-stroke Engine Development Process: An Overview
4 Selected aspects of Main Engine Development
Agenda
6 Conclusions & Outlook
5 Emission Control Concepts: Effects to Basic Engine Design
2 The 2-Stroke Layout Field: Engine Layout
Introduction
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos3
2-Stroke Market Requirements
Particularities of 2-Stroke Business:• Decentralised production• Engine size & cost• Marine fuels (viscosity, sulphur)• Volatility: flexible engines
Basic (Common) Requirements:• Emissions regulations• Fuel, lube oil consumption• Reliability, manufacturing cost
2-Stroke Specific Requirements:• Lifetime: 30 Years 150’000 hours• Engine footprint: width, height• Engine Power @ specific engine speed• Low Engine speed: high ηpropulsion
Engine Power [%]
Engine Speed [%]
R1
R1 R1 R1
R1
R1
R2
R2
R3
R4
R3
R3 R3
R4
The 2-Stroke Layout Field
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos4
Layout of Engine Components
• Torque limit (R1-R3): crankshaft (static & dynamic torque), main bearing (R1), hot parts (R1)
• Speed limit (R1-R2): rotating mass for main bearing, tribologicallimit mean piston speed (9.5m/s)
• Bearing layout limit (R3-R4):Crosshead/crankpin bearing layout at max Pfiring, lowest speed (lube oil film thickness lowest at R3)
• Scavenging limit (R2-R4): scav. & thermodynamic effects: high residual gases, diminishing derating benefit
Engine Development Process: An Overview
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos5
Main Engine Development
Proto test
Sea trial
Pre-development
TAT
Concept Selection
Thermo & scavenge
Powertrain & structure
Hot parts & piston running
Preparation for emission control
Testing
Fuel Injection & exhaust valve actuation
Engine control system application
FAT
Technology Development
Main Engine Development
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos6
Thermodynamic & Scavenging Layout
Layout Process: 1. Semi-empirical basic layout2. 0D process calculation3. First design of combustion
chamber, scavenge system4. CFD simulations5. Tuning on test bed and iterations
Concept & design choices:• Maximum firing pressure• Compression ratio• TC selection & SAC layout• Inlet port position & height • Exhaust valve diameter, duct angle• Injection & exhaust valve timing
Main Engine Development
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos7
Development Process: 1. Cylinder distance determination (stroke,
bore, power, cylinder pressure)2. Dynamic calculations assuming shaftline3. First designs of engine structure & FEM4. EHD Calculation of assembly5. Final verification FEM
Manufacturing Limitations:• Crankshaft size & weight (ingot ~60ton,
lathe ~15m/300 ton)• Bedplate size (furnace for stress relief)• Column height (Plano-miller)
Powertrain & Engine Structure
Emission Control Concepts
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos8
Effects to Basic Engine Design & Tier III Concept Choice
Selective Catalytic Reduction:• WinGD’s preferred Tier III solution• On (integrated), off-engine SCR• Suited to smaller engines
Exhaust Gas Recirculation:• Requires scrubber, cooler, blower• Waste water & sludge treatment• Suited to large engines
Low Pressure Dual Fuel:• Lean burn, Tier III compliant• Few changes to basic engine design• Entire WinGD portfolio is DF-ready
Tier III Concept choice:• Vessel type• Fuel (MDO/HFO/LNG)• Trade routes (time share
spent in/out of ECA) • Scenarios of fuel/Urea
price development• Future industry trends
Conclusions & Outlook
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos9
Summary paper 120:• Particularities of the 2-stroke
engine business• Development aspects relevant
for the whole engine industry• Challenges in development
Next Generation 2-S Engines:• Higher firing pressures• Higher stroke-to-bore ratios (?)• Multi-fuel capability• Combined, integrated emission
control mechanisms • Condition Based Maintenance • Big Data acquisition, processing
SFC
[g/k
Wh]
Pfir
ing[
bar]
ME
P [b
ar]
Str
oke/
Bor
e
Questions and answers
Thank you!
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos10
www.wingd.com
Contact information
Andreas KyrtatosGeneral Manager Project Management OfficeWinterthur Gas & Diesel
Landline +41 52 262 24 42Mobile +41 79 430 14 08E mail [email protected]
Co-authors:- M. Spahni: General Manager Engine Design, [email protected] S. Hensel: General Manager Engine Performance, [email protected] G. Sudwoj: General Manager Technical Experts, [email protected] R. Züger: Development Expert Powertrains, [email protected]
© WinGD, 07.06.16, The Development of The Modern 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine / Andreas Kyrtatos11